ABSTRACT

This experiment is done with the involved of the bulk flow to determine the diffusivity of the vapor of acetone and to study the effect of temperature on the diffusivity. The rate of the movement of the gas diffusion in this experiment is a function of temperature. The experiment is run by using two different temperatures 40C and 45 C. The glass capillary tube was filled with acetone using syringe up to 35 mm that is then placed in a transparent-sided temperature controlled water bath. The small air pump is used to blown air through the capillary tube. The travelling microscope was used with a sliding vernier to allow the measurement of the rate of fall of the air meniscus within the capillary tube. The data in this experiment is taken every 5 minutes.

INTRODUCTION

The Gaseous Diffusion Coefficient apparatus in the laboratory is involved with the bulk flow. The rate of the movement of the gas diffusion is a function of temperature, viscosity of the fluid and the mass of the particle (2012). The diffusion of the high volatile of liquid A (acetone) was measuring the diffusivity DAB of their vapor through a stagnant gas B (air) (2012). In the diffusion process, the molecules of the interest will flow from the region of high concentration to a lower concentration. It can be studied by placed a small sample of the liquid A in the lower part of the narrow vertical tube and observing its rate of evaporation into a stream of gas B (air) passed across the top of the tube (2012). The apparatus in this experiment consist basically of a glass capillary tubed that is placed in a transparent-sided temperature controlled water bath (2012).In the upper end of the capillary tube a horizontal glass tube is fixed and air is blown through this by a small air pump included within the unit (2012).This arrangement allows the maintenance of a partial pressure difference within the capillary tube between the evaporating liquid surface and the flowing air stream (2012).A travelling microscope with a sliding vernier scale in this apparatus, is attached on a rigid stand alongside the thermostatic bath is used to measure the rate of fall of the solvent or air meniscus within the capillary (2012).The relationship between the molar mass transfer rate, N A per unit area, the partial pressure and the diffusion coefficient D is deduced from the one dimensional steady state version of Ficks Law with bulk flow: Na= -D [CA + CB] . dCA CA dy

Where CA and CB are the molar concentration of the vapor A and air B,

OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment is to 1. 2. Determine the diffusivity of the vapor of acetone. Study the effect of temperature on the diffusivity.

RECOMMENDATION

1. The temperature should increase to 50C to get more accurate data for this experiment. 2. Make sure the level of liquid acetone in the capillary tube is fully immersed in the water bath, so the reading can be taken through the vernier scale. 3. The speed of air flow must kept constant throughout the experiment. 4. The level of meniscus must be correctly observed on the microscope and read carefully on the vernier scale.