Congress

The Indian National Congress (abbreviated INC, and commonly known as the Congress) (Bhratya Rrya Kgrsa) is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). It is the largest and one of the oldest democratic political parties in the world.Founded in 1885 by members of the occultist movement Theosophical Society[6]Allan Octavian Hume, Dadabhai Naoroji, Dinshaw Wacha, Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee, Surendranath Banerjee, Monomohun Ghose, Mahadev Govind Ranade[7] and William Wedderburnthe Indian National Congress became the leader of the Indian Independence Movement, with over 15 million members and over 70 million participants in its struggle against British rule in India. After independence in 1947, it became the nation's dominant political party, led by the Nehru-Gandhi family for the most part

Chairperson

Sonia Gandhi

Parliamentary Chairperson

Sonia Gandhi

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Manmohan Singh (Prime Minister)

Founded

1885

Headquarters

24, Akbar Road, New Delhi, 110011

Newspaper

Congress Sandesh

Student wing

National Students Union of India

Youth wing

Indian Youth Congress

Women's wing

Mahila Congress

Labour wing

Indian National Trade Union Congress

Alliance

United Progressive Alliance (UPA)

Seats in Lok Sabha

205 / 545

Seats in Rajya Sabha

70 / 245

The Congress was founded by Indian and British members of the Theosophical Society movement, most notably A.O. Hume.[6] It has been suggested that the idea was originally conceived in a private meeting of seventeen men after a Theosophical Convention held at Madras in December 1884. Hume took the initiative, and it was in March 1885 that the first notice was issued convening the first Indian National Union to meet at Poona the following December.[8] Founded in 1885 with the objective of obtaining a greater share in government for educated Indians, the Indian National Congress was initially not opposed to British rule. The Congress met once a year during December. Indeed, it was a Scotsman, Allan Octavian Hume, who brought about its first meeting in Bombay, with the approval of Lord Dufferin, the then-Viceroy. Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee was the first President of the INC. The first meeting was scheduled to be held in Pune, but due to a plague outbreak there, the meeting was later shifted to Bombay. The first session of the INC was held from 2831 December 1885, and was attended by 72 delegates. Historically, the party has favored farmers, laborers, labor unions, and religious and ethnic minorities; it has opposed unregulated business and finance, and favored progressive income taxes. However, in recent years the party had adopted centrist economic and social democratic agenda. In particular INC gives special emphasis on the welfare of the economically and socially disadvantaged sections of the society. This includes "affirmative action" reservations for weaker sections of the society in education and employment, emphasis on employment generation for rural population (through schemes such as National Rural Employment Generation Scheme) etc.

it is now adopted free market policies, though at the same time it is in favour of taking a cautious approach in proceeding with liberalization to ensure that the weaker sections are not affected too hard by the liberalization process Traditionally, nonalignment has been the bedrock of the foreign policy of the INC

B.J.P
The Bharatiya Janata is one of the two major political parties in India, the other being the Indian National Congress. Established in 1980, it is India's second largest political party in terms of representation in the parliament and in the various state assemblies. The Bharatiya Janata Party advocates Hindu nationalism and social conservatism, self-reliance, social justice, foreign policy driven by a nationalist agenda, a strong national defense and a more economically liberal fiscal policy.

Chairperson

Nitin Gadkari

Parliamentary Chairperson

Nitin Gadkari

Leader in Lok Sabha

Sushma Swaraj (Leader of Opposition)

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Arun Jaitley (Leader of Opposition)

Founded

6 April 1980

Preceded by

Bharatiya Jana Sangh

Headquarters

11 Ashoka Road, New Delhi, 110001

Newspaper

Kamal Sandesh

Youth wing

Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha

Women's wing

BJP Mahila Morcha

Alliance

National Democratic Alliance (NDA)

Seats in Lok Sabha

114 / 545

Seats in Rajya Sabha

49 / 245

The Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS) was founded by Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee in 1951 to espouse the nationalist cause. The party opposed the appeasement policy of the Indian National Congress and was against any compromise in the matters of national integrity, unity and cultural identity. It was widely regarded as the political arm of the Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh. The Jana Sangh won just three Lok Sabha seats in the first general elections in 1952. However, it gradually increased its strength and by 1962 had become one of the most effective opposition parties in India and seriously challenged the power of the Congress in various north Indian states In 1980, the leaders and workers who were associated with the former Bharatiya Jana Sangh, founded the Bharatiya Janata Party with Vajpayee as its first President. On 13 October 1999, the BJP-led NDA riding on a wave of popularity, following victory in the Kargil war and the charisma of Vajpayee, won 303 seats. The BJP alone had its highest ever tally of 183. Vajpayee became Prime Minister for the third time, and Advani became the Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister. This NDA government lasted its full term of five years. The concept of Integral Humanism has a special place in its ideology, the BJP's right-wing politics include some aspects of modern conservatism, social conservatism, progressivism and enlightened nation which draws inspiration from India's ancient Indian culture and values. The BJP stands for strong national defense, small government,[citation needed] and some Quasi-market economic policies, but Integral Humanism has been its core philosophy and identity ever since its inceptionEconomic policy under BJP-led governments at the state and Center has been heavily focused on infrastructure building and pro-reform, which is congenial to Indian interests and to necessary conforming to international regulations, (like environment laws) market-oriented economic growth without making subtle changes to the existing policies.

B.S.P

The Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) (Hindi: ) is a centrist national political party in India with socialist leanings. It was formed to chiefly represent Bahujans (literally meaning "People in majority"), referring to people from the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Castes (OBC) as well as minorities. The party claims to be inspired by the philosophy of B. R. Ambedkar. The BSP was founded by the high-profile, charismatic leader Kanshi Ram in 1984, who was succeeded by Mayawati in 2003. The party's political symbol is an Elephant. In the 15th Lok Sabha the party has 21 members, making it the 4th-largest party. The BSP has its main base in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The May 11, 2007, the Uttar Pradesh state assembly election results saw the BSP emerge as a single majority party, the first to do so since 1991. The BSP President Ms. Mayawati began her fourth term as Chief Minister of UP and took her oath of office along with 50 ministers of cabinet and state rank on May 13, 2007, at Rajbhawan in the state capital of Lucknow. Most importantly, the majority achieved in large part was due to the party's ability to take away majority voters from their traditional party, the BJP.

Chairperson

Mayawati

SecretaryGeneral

Satish Chandra MishraDr. Suresh Mane, Naseem Uddin Siddiqui, Swami Prasad Maurya

Leader in Lok Sabha

Rajesh Verma

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Mayawati

Founded

1984

Headquarters

12, Gurudwara Rakabganj Road, New Delhi - 110001

Newspaper

Adil Jafri, Mayayug

Ideology

Dalit Socialism Secularism

Social Engineering

Political position Centre-left

Colours

Blue

Seats in Lok Sabha

21 / 545

Seats in Rajya Sabha

15 / 245

CPI (M)
The Communist Party of India (Marxist) is a left-wing Marxist political party in India. It has a strong presence in the states of Kerala, West Bengal and Tripura. As of 2011, CPI(M) is leading the state government in Tripura. It leads the Left Front coalition of leftist parties in various states and the national parliament of India. The party emerged out of a split from the Communist Party of India in 1964. CPI(M) claimed to have 1,042,287 members in 2009.[2] The CPI(M) strongly advocates anti-capitalism, antiglobalization and anti-imperialist sentiments, and has always upheld the principles of Marxist philosophy. The CPI (M) was born into a hostile political climate. At the time of the holding of its Calcutta Congress, large sections of its leaders and cadres were jailed without trial. Again on December 2930, over a thousand CPI (M) cadres were arrested, and held in jail without trial. In 1965 new waves of arrests of CPI(M) cadres took place in West Bengal, as the party launched agitations against the rise in fares in the Calcutta Tramways and against the then prevailing food crisis

Its aim is socialism and communism through the establishment of the state of dictatorship of the proletariat. In all its activities the Party is guided by the philosophy and principles of MarxismLeninism which shows to the toiling masses the correct way to the ending of exploitation of man by man, their complete emancipation. The Party keeps high the banner of proletarian internationalism".[24] The party is well known for its Anti-globalization and Anti-capitalism stance.

Secretary-General

Prakash Karat

Leader in Lok Sabha

Basudev Acharia[1]

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Sitaram Yechury[1]

Founded

1964

Headquarters

New Delhi, India

Newspaper

People's Democracy

Student wing

Students Federation of India

Youth wing

Democratic Youth Federation of India

Women's wing

All India Democratic Womens Association

Labour wing

Centre of Indian Trade Unions

Peasant's wing

All India Kisan Sabha

Ideology

Communism Marxism-Leninism

ECI Status

Recognized National Party

Alliance

Left Front

Seats in Lok Sabha

16 / 545

Seats in Rajya Sabha

11 / 245

Regional parties 1. AIADMK

All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) (Tamil: ) (lit. All India Anna Dravidian Progress Federation) is a state political party in the states of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry, India. It is currently in power in Tamil Nadu. It is a Dravidian party founded by M.G. Ramachandran (popularly known as MGR) in 1972 as a breakaway faction of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK). Since 1989, AIADMK is headed by J. Jayalalithaa, the current Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu. The party headquarters is in Royapettah, Chennai, and was gifted to the party in 1986 by its former leader Janaki Ramachandran, wife of MGR. The party headed its coalition to win the Tamil Nadu assembly election 6 times to head the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly. The ADMK moved from the anti-Hindi and anti-Brahman stand of the DMK party ideologies formulated by Annadurai.[10] MGR indicated he never "favored anti-Brahminism and ADMK would oppose ethnic exclusion".[11] Two Brahmin ladies Janaki and Jayalalitha were later fighting for the lead position.[10] The ADMK sought to depoliticize the education policy of the government by not insisting on the medium of education to be Tamil language. Policies of ADMK were targeted to the poorer segments of Tamil society - poor, rickshaw pullers, and destitute women and centralizing the massive noon meal scheme for children.[11] There was ambivalent approach towards the reservation policy and interest of farmers

2. AITMC
The All India Trinamool Congress is a left-wing sub-national state-level ("state party") ruling political party in West Bengal. Founded on January 1, 1998, the party was led by Chief Minister of West Bengal Mamata Banerjee. It is currently the sixth largest party in Lok Sabha with 19 seats. On 18 September, 2012, TMC Chief, Mamata Banerjee, announced her decision to withdraw support to the UPA after the TMC's demands of rollback of reforms including FDI in retail,

increase in the price of diesel and limiting the number of subsidised cooking gas cylinders for households, were not met.[3][4] After remaining with the INC for over 2 decades, Mamata Banerjee formed her own party, the "Trinamool Congress", which was registered with the Election Commission of India during midDecember, 1997. The Election Commission alloted to the party an exclusive symbol of Jora Ghas Phul. She entered into an alliance with the BJP in 1999.

Chairperson

Mamata Banerjee (Chief Minister)

Leader in Lok Sabha

Sudip Bandyopadhyay

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Mukul Roy

In the West Bengal state assembly election, 2011, TMC won a majority of 184 seats (out of 294). Mamata Banerjee became the Chief Minister.

3. SP
Samajwadi Party (literally, Socialist Party) is a regional political party in India based in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh founded on October 4, 1992. It describes itself as a democratic socialist. party and is mainly representing the interests of a caste grouping called Other Backward Classes (OBCs).[1] The Samajwadi Party was one of several parties that emerged when the Janata Dal (People's League), India's primary opposition party prior to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), fragmented into several regional parties. The Samajwadi Party is led by ageing former wrestler Mulayam Singh Yadav, a former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh and former defence minister of the country. In the 2012 legislative assembly elections of Uttar Pradesh, it registered a landslide victory with a clear majority in the House, thus enabling it to form the Government in the state. This was expected to be the fifth term of Mulayam Singh Yadav as Chief Minister of state. But Mulayam Singh Yadav himself surprised everyone by selecting his son Akhilesh Yadav to be the new Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.After he officially became the Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister on March 15,he is the youngest ever Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh.It is also the first time SP heads the UP government for full term of 5 years.[

Chairperson

Akhilesh Yadav

Secretary-General

Kiranmoy Nanda

Leader in Lok Sabha

Mulayam Singh

Leader in Rajya Sabha

Ram Gopal Yadav

4. AGP
Asom Gana Parishad (Assam Peoples Association) is a state political party in Assam, India. The AGP was formed after the historic Assam Accord of 1985 when Prafulla Kumar Mahanta was elected as the youngest chief minister of the country. The AGP has formed government twice from 1985 to 1989 and from 1996 to 2001. The party split, with former Chief Minister, Prafulla Kumar Mahanta, forming the Asom Gana Parishad (Progressive), but regrouped on 14 October 2008 at Golaghat. The party has one MP in the Lok Sabha and two MPs in the Rajya Sabha. The Lok Sabha MP is Joseph Toppo from the prestigious Tezpur Parliamentary Constituency

Headquarters

Gopinath Bordoloi Road, Guwahati, 781001

Youth wing

Asom Yuba Parishad

Women's wing

Asom Mahila Parishad

Peasant's wing

Asom Krishak Parishad

The AGP contested the State Assembly elections held in December 1985 and swept the polls by winning 67 of the 126 seats apart from capturing seven of the 14 Lok Sabha (Parliament) seats, and formed the Government of Assam.

States ruled by Congress and allies Haryana -- Congress Rajasthan -- Congress Delhi -- Congress Assam -- Congress Meghalaya -- Congress Mizoram -- Congress Arunachal Pradesh -- Congress Manipur -- Congress Goa -- Congress Andhra Pradesh -- Congress Kerala -- Congress-led United Democratic Front Maharashtra -- Congress-Nationalist Congress Party Jammu and Kashmir -- National Conference-Congress West Bengal -- Trinamool Congress-Congress States ruled by Bharatiya Janata Party and allies Himachal Pradesh -- Bharatiya Janata Party Uttarakhand -- Bharatiya Janata Party Madhya Pradesh -- Bharatiya Janata Party Chhattisgarh -- Bharatiya Janata Party Gujarat -- Bharatiya Janata Party Karnataka -- Bharatiya Janata Party Punjab -- Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party Bihar -- Janata Dal United-Bharatiya Janata Party Jharkhand -- Bharatiya Janata Party-Jharkhand Mukti Morcha Nagaland -- Naga People's Front-Bharatiya Janata Party

States ruled by Left Front Tripura -- Left Front States ruled by regional parties Uttar Pradesh -- Bahujan Samaj Party Sikkim -- Sikkim Democratic Front Orissa -- Biju Janata Dal Tamil Nadu -- Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Puducherry -- Rengasamy Congress-Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam

1 2 3 4

Indian National Congress (INC) Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) Samajwadi Party (SP) Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP)

205[3] 114[4] 22 21

Janata Dal (United) (JD(U))

20

All India Trinamool Congress (AITC)

19

Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK)

18

Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M))

16

Biju Janata Dal (BJD)

14

10

Independent (Ind.)

9[5]

11 Regional parties

84

My State
Madhya Pradesh has a 230-seat state Legislative Assembly. The state also sends 40 members to the Parliament of India: 29 are elected to the Lok Sabha (Lower House) and 11 to the Rajya Sabha (Upper House). The constitutional head of the state is the Governor, appointed by the President of India. The executionary powers lie with the Chief Minister, who is the elected leader of the state legislature. As of 2012, the current governor is Ram Naresh Yadav, and the chief minister is Shivraj Singh Chouhan of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). The dominant political parties in the state are the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress.