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Swami Ishatmananda
Ramakrishna Mission




,| +|| || |||| What a divine miracle by hearing these words a picture of a wonderful
incident arises in the minds of those who are familiar with the biography of Sree Ramakrishna.

It was midnight. A sannyasi with a huge body and with matted locks was standing in the
middle of the ganges in between Barahanagar and Dakshineswar. Yes, He was standing in the
middle of the Ganges. Why there is no water in the Ganges! To get relief from extreme physical
pain Totapuriji, a knower of Brahman wanted to get rid of his body. But it was not possible
because the water level of the Ganges reduced to knee deep level and there was no chance to
dive Observing this miracle he criyed, ,| +|| || |||| !

How could it happen?

He, who has done this miracle, was standing on the bank of the Ganges at Dakshineswar.
He was overjoyed convincing his Brahmagyani Guru about the existence of Brahma-Shakti which
is Goddess Kali. And was muttering you have to obey my mother and there is no other way.

Who was Mother to Sri Ramakrishna is Shakti according to scripture . The philosophy of
Shakti is known as Tantra.

Hearing the word tantra many learned people become doubtful, feel uneasy and cannot
accept as one of the ways of spiritual practice. Many people in our country and abroad think that
Tantra and Black Magic are similar. Tantra in a very practical and effective way explain the
mystery of creation. This ancient and great philosophical knowledge was mis-interpreted and
misused by those who opposed the Hindu religion. Their false propaganda placed Tantra in the
same standand as ghost, spirit, demons activities.
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To resist the deterioration of religion and to reestablish true religion, God, once again
incarnated as Sri Ramakrishna at Kamarpukur, Bengal.Through his unique Sadhana he once
again, revived and reestablished Tantra sadhana. Sree Ramakrishnas Shakti Puja transformed
the doer and undoer primal power of God into a kind Mother.

What is Tantra ? The word Tantra has come from the root word Tan which means
expansion. |-|| ||| || -||-|| ~-| -| ,|| |-~||

Expansion of what ? It is the expansion of knowledge.

What kind of knowledge? It is the true knowledge about Ishwara. It is realization of Kali,
the embodiment of active primal energy and Shiva, the embodiment of knowledge are one and
unseparated. In Tantra this realization is called Mukti or Nirvana. The practice of Tantra helps the
aspirant to elevate from the level of duality to non duality.

With the propagation of Saivism and Pancharatra Tantra was recognized as scripture and
a path of spiritual practice. Most of the scriptures of this Tantra have lost and which remains is
called Saswata Sanghita ,||| | |r||) .

R.G.Bhanderker, the great scholar said that Tantra is a mystical philosophy, a hidden
spiritual practice. According to him only Yogi and self controlled person can go through this
process.

In the chapter of Narayana, in the Mahabharata Saiva and Pancharatra are mentioned
first. According to the Mahabharata great devotee Shiva Sreekantha has created the faith of
Pashupat. This is the oldest theory of Tantra in North India. This scripture is called Agama It is
the source of Vedic performances like Homa, Abhishek, Initiation, intricacies of Yagna etc.
According to different opinion Agama varies from 18 to 28. in number.

An important part of Tantra is Yamal. The most popular or renowned yamal are eitht-
Rudra, Kanda , Brahma, Vishnu, Yama, Bayu, Kuber and Indra.

In Shiva Tantra the worship of Rudra or Sadashiva is main but in Yamal Tantra Bhairav is
the principal figure . Infact Bhairav is the human teacher. There are three paths of sadhana in
Jamal tradition .Spiritual practice is called Srota. The three Srotas (|| |) are Dakshina,Bama, and
Madhyama.
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Jayadratha Jamal have mentioned the names of many deities, for example, Kalika,
Shankarshanee, Chakrika etc. In the theory of Agama, we find two srotas or way, one is Shiva
Pashupati warship. The aim of which is mukti or Liberation and another is Shakti puja ,the aim of
which is to acquire supper natural power.

The Buddhism has created a new kind of Tantra, specially when they came in contact with
Tibet, is called Mantrayan. It is divided in three parts, such as, Bajrayan, Sahasayan, and
Kalachakrayan. The medium of their practice is Mantra, Mudra and Assembly. Their mission is to
awaken Shakti which they call Progna.

In the 10
th
and 11
th
Century, Buddhism or Buddha Tantra became weak and different other
Tantric theories mingled with it and a new concept called Brahminical Tantra arose. Here it
became more organized and was called as Sammoha Tantra. In Sammoha Tantra different ways
of Tantra mixed among which the most famous are Vidyapith, Shaktipith, Shaibapith, Ganeshpith,
Chandrapith, Buddhapith, Chinapith and Vedicpith.

It is sammoha Tantra, which united all the mantras and the different processes of
Kalikamata. There are nine Kalikas, such as, Shankarkashani, Siddhakali, kubajika,Sundari, Maha
Akhiladevi, Srimathsiddhakaralika, Pratyangira, Sheshika, and Snehamata. Sammoha Tantra has
three ways of spiritual practice: Daibya, Koula, and Bama.

Matsyendra Nath is the preacher of Kaula, originated from Yaginikaula of Kamrup. They
followed only Shakti and they accepted many useful and easy processes of Sahagiya Tantra. The
aim of Matsyendra Naths Yogini koula was to withdraw mind from the concept of duality and
become free. Sahajiya Boudhya Tantra also follow the same process.

From this two different sects evolved. They were Shaiba sect of Nath community and
Vaishnaba Sahajiya. The founder of Nath community Matsyendra Nath is kmown as Lui-pada in
Bouddha Tantra. In this field Meena Nath and Gorakh Natha are famous. Their ideologies spread
in many parts of Bengal.

Before Sri Chaitannyadeva there was a practice of tantra which was called Vaishnab
Sahajia. Chandidas was called the founder of this tantra. Here Krishna is replacing Kali.
Chandidas had explained this process in Sree Krishna kirtan. Here Sree Radha is known as
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Shakti and Srikrishna is portrayed as Param Brahma. Their Yoga is called Hatha Yoga. Vaishnaba
Tantra adopted many things from Hindu Tantra and Bouddha Sahajia.

The followers of Vaishnab Sahajia practice to concentrate mind on Nadee and Chakras
inside the body. The highest Chakra is the full bloomed lotus on the head

There are five Shaktis in Buddha Sahajia Tantra, such as, Dombi, Nati, Rajaki, Chandali,
Brahmakali. Chandidas took one of the Shaktis as his object of Sadhana which was called Rajaki.

From this idea two sects have been created, one is Abadhut and another Boul.

The impact of Indian Tantra crossed the boundary and spread all over the world. Some are
of opinion that foreign Tantra idea has also mixed with Indian Tantrik thoughts.

Sammoha Tantra of India spread over Keerat,, China, Mahachina, Parsia, Kamboj,
Gandhar & Nepal. One of the Tantra system is called Chinachar. It means some customs of
China are introduced in the Indian Tantra custom. But it is not easy to identify what is native and
what is taken from other country. It is said that Bashistha Dev the great sage went to Mahachina
and practiced Tantra for a long period in China and brought it back to India.

It is considered that Mahachina Tara the goddess of Chainik Tantra and Ekjata the
goddess of Siddha Nagarjuna of Tibet are same. Description of both of them are same but the
Bija mantra is different. Hindu Tantra also mentioned the name Tara, Ugra-Tara, Ekjata, Maha-
Neela-Saraswati.

According to Sammoha Tantra, Neela-Saraswati or Ugratara was born on the bank of lake
Kola in Meru Hill. The word Kaula has originated from it . In Mongolian language kul means lake.
Gopinath Kabiraj and many other Pandits or scholars are in opinion that Tantra scripture and the
practice of Tantra are completely Indian concept. Swami Saradanandaji accepted this concept and
said in his book Bharate-Shaktipuja, God, the creator of universe is worshipped in India as
Janani (Mother), Jagadamba (The mother of the universe ) is the original idea of India.

While discussing the Tantra same question may arise:

1. When all the philosophis are leading to the same goal then why so many system of
practices ?
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2. Which was created first between Vedanta & Tantra ?

3. Which is better one ?

4. There is no criticism about the system of Vedanta practice. Why the Tantra is so
much criticized ?

In answer to the first question we may say that that is the specialty of Indian psychology.
Every human being has the right to choose his or her spiritual path. There may be many paths to
reach God but there is no violence or bloodshed among the different schools. Let every human
become a sect. as Swami Vivekananda said, let there be no sectarianism. The broadness,
catholicity is the concept of Indian philosophy.

Mahamohopadhya Gapinath Kabiraj may be quoted in answer to the second question, It is
difficult to say how old is the practice of Tantra. There is no doubt that Vedic and Tantrik sadhana
are going together side by side from ancient time . It is cleared from the analysis of Nirukta
(Yask) that mysterious path of Veda was in vogue in the ancient period. Nobody was allowed to
practice that special rites without the permission of the Guru.
1


This mysterious path of Veda can be said the path of Tantra ! Tantra is know as Sruti-
Shakha-Bishesha i.e. the special Branch of Veda. It is also called 5
th
Veda and KULACHAR is
called 5
th
Ashrama. Kularnab Tantra said that there is no other knowledge higher than Veda and
there is no other path perfect than Tantra. Veda and Tantra are not contradictory rather they are
complimentary to each other. That is answer of the third question.

But the fourth question, why there are so may doubts of Tantra sadhana, is a very important
question. Answer of the this question is that along with discrimination and contemplation of vedic
practice (Sadhana) Yagna was also practiced. Uttering perfectly the mystical wards and
practicing rituals correctly generates natural results. Mantra has power. It may be used for good
and bad purposes.

Through the power of Mantra nature can be controlled. Instances of this has been found in
the lives of Great personalities, Avataras. They have exerted this power many times for the good
of the people..
___________________________________________
1. Ref: Tantre Tatwa O Sadhana Swami Pragyanananda, Vedanta Math, Kolkata - P. 3
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In Ramayana we find Mahaveer Hanuman could reduce his body into a size of a Fry and
again expanded like a huge mountain.

In Mahabharata we find Maharshi Vyasdeva said to River Yamuna, Hey, Yamuna divide
your self. At that moment Yamuna divided herself and showed the way !!

Sree Krishna uprooted the whole mountain and held it on his single finger and became
famous as Giridhara.. Jesus Christ walked on the water and he fed multitudes from a little piece of
bread. Students of Sri Ramakrishna Biography are aware of those miraculous act that he was
physically present at Dhaka, Bangadesh, and also at Dakhineswar, Bengal at the same time. He
could see the human mind distinctly just like things which were kept in glass-almirah.

It may be easy to a acquire super-natural power through the practice of mantra but not to
budge from the goal of sadhana, realization of God and self knowledge is very very difficult. The
practice of Tantra started along with the practice of Vedanta. The aim of Tantra is to feel oneness
of Shiva and Shakti. Keeping those things in mind the journey started but according to Swami
Saradanandaji.

The mind which is full of desire, can it be turned to the path of renunciation so easily ? Will
that mind concentrate on God with purity and simplicity? By his own will, he wants to keep impurity
in purity. Sacrificing (kamkanchan) lust and lucker still he wants to keep a little bit of smell of that.
Instructing to perform puja with perfect purity the same persons allows to sing songs related to
bodily pleasure for the enjoyment of Holy mother! There is nothing to abuse or wonder in this
attitude. It proves the tremendous power of Mahamaya whose spell of desire is almost impossible
for ordinary human being to overcome. It again proved that liberation is possible if the primal
power of God, Mahamaya herself bestow the same to man. (Lilaprasanga P. 12)

Rishis, the seers, the wise men, the knower of human psychology were aware that human
being is standing on the threshold of (Taga O Bhaga) renunciation and worldly pleasure. Those
who completely renounce are called Devas Godly and those having strong desire of physical
pleasure are called Danavas, Devils.

Human being is a mixture of both, Deva and Danava. It is as if the human mind is being
churned by Devata and Danaba, God and Demon the good and bad impulses.

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Farsighted Rishis created such a process of practice (sadhan paddhati) through which
worldly desires (parthiba bhoga) disappear gradually and their minds become prepare for the
practice of sadhana with which realizing the Truth the mortals go beyond the cycle of birth &
death.

But when, ignoring the natural instinct of the human mind, without following the various
steps of spiritual practice to purify it rather imitating the practices of desireless pure sadhaka was
forced on ordinary people the degradation of Tantra began. Tantra the highest ideal which was
created as an alternative of Vedic ritual by Mahadeva Himself degenerated.

In the modern age the same Mahadeva advented to transform the selfish, egoistic,
unbelievers into God, nay higher than God. The journey of the great God began in a very small
beautiful village of Bengal choosing a fine simple Brahman lady as mother. This time almighty God
took the human form and became famous in the world as Sri Ramakrishna

To reform and to reestablish the correct process of Tantra and Bhava, mental attitude, Sri
Ramakrishnadev in the year 1855-56 stated worshiping Goddess Bhabatarini at Dakshineswar,
when he was 19 or 20 years only. On the bank of Ganga at Dakshineswar, only a few kilometer
away from Kolkata, the then capital city of undivided India wonderful incidents started happening
to silence the ignorant critics of Tantra.

The speciality in the character of Sri Ramakrishna is his unique mental concentration power
and his sincerity. He took initiation, to worship Gaddess Kali, from famous Tantrik Sri Kenaram
Bhatta. At the time of Puja natural ritual mingled with his extreme desire to see Goddess Kali face
to face transformed ordinary worship in to a love for Divine Mother. And through this Raganu-
Bhakti, devotion with love he realized the direct vision of Divine Mother and acquired super
natural powers, Yoga-bibhuti.

At Dakshineswar Sri Ramakrishna worshiped stone image of Ma Kali but his first realization
or vision was not the image he worshipped but all envolping Divine Light. Swami Saradanandaji
quoted the words of Sri Ramakrishna himself There was then an intolerable anguish in my heart
because I could not have Her vision. Just as a man wrings a towel forcibly to squeeze out all the
water from it, I felt as if somebody caught hold of my heart and mind and was doing so with them.
Greatly afflicted with the thought that I might never have Mothers vision, I was dying of despair.
Being in an agony I thought that there was then no use in living this life. My eyes suddenly fell
upon the sword that was there in the Mothers temple. I made up my mind to put an end to my life
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with it that very moment. Like one mad, I ran and caught hold of it, when suddenly I had the
wonderful vision of the Mother It was as if houses, doors, temples and all other things vanished
altogether; as if there was nothing anywhere ! And what I saw was aboundless infinite conscious
sea of light ! However far and in whatever direction I looked I found a continuous succession of
effulgent waves coming forward, raging and storming from all sides with a great speed. Very soon
they fell on me and made me sink to the unknown bottom. (Great Master P. 140 & 141)

Sri Ramakrishna practiced the path of duality but attained the realization of nan-dualism.
His life showed that vedantic truth can be attained through the path of Tantra also. By his wish and
prayer the creative primal energy has appeared in front of him always as affectionate Mother.

Readers of Sri Ramakrishnas biography know that Bhairavi Brahmani taught 64 tantras to
Sri Ramakrishna. These 64 tantras are included in Bishnu Kranta Swami Saradanandaji has also
endorsed to this view.

The teachers of Tantra divides India into three parts i.e. the middle of India Benaras and the
eastern part Kamrup, Assam terms Vishnu-kranta. North western part of India is Raha-Kranta
where as south based starting from Maharastra to Kanyakumari is Ashwa-Kanta. Every Kanta
has 64 Tantras.

Before performing 64 Tantras of Vishnu Kanta, Sri Ramakrishna already had many vision
and experiences. While sitting on his Asanas and performing Anganyasa and Karanyasa the
Master used to see vary clearly the glowing letters of Mantras are studded all over his body. The
Master saw that Kulakundalini was awakened and it proceeded through Shushunma to Shahasrar
on the head. While uttering the mantra Rong and spreading holy water around himself, he would
see wall of fire surrounding the place of puja for protection.

According to Tantra Rashmi, to succeed in the path of Tantra, one of the three practices,
(1) shab-sadhana, (2) piercing shadachakra and (3) Pancha M-kar must have to be practiced
under the direct guidance of the Guru.

Bhairavi Brahmani, an expert in Tantra used to bring various important substances for
Tantra Puja that Thakur Sri Ramakrishna would need for his practice. Not much detail is available
about such practices, but even small description is enough to frighten us. Asana (seat) was laid
under the northern side of Panchavati of Dakhhineshwar. Altar had 3 human skulls and five other
skulls of jackal, snake, dog, ox and human. Thakur spent days and nights in japa and meditation.
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One night Brahmani brought a beautiful young naked woman and told Sri Ramakrishna,
my child, consider her as mother of the universe and place her on your lap and meditate. Sri
Ramakrishna then cried Mother for help and lost in Samadhi. He awoke from Samadhi hearing
Brahmani saying my child, you have completed the rite and were in deep Samadhi. One day
Brahmani cooked fish in a human skull and asked Thakur to taste it after offering without
hesitation. Sri Ramakrishna did that. Tantra sadhaka or Abhadhut should be free from bondage
like fear, shame and hatred.

Another day Brahmani brought a piece of rotten human flesh and after offering asked
Thakur to touch it by his tongue. She said, my child, dont feel aversion, just see, I am doing it.
Thakur uttering Mothers name became inspired by the form of Chandika and felt no aversion
putting it into his mouth. Sadhakas of Aghora school of Tantra conquer aversion or hatred by this
method.

There are various tantrik rites and Sadhakas perform according to his own temperament.
The seven most important rites are Vedachar, Bamachar, Dakhhinachar, Sidhantachar,
Koulachar, Divyachar and Samayachar. The great Sadhika Bhairavi Brahmani followed
Samayachar to guide Sri Ramakrishna in the path of Tantra. Samayachar can ber defined as
Shodoshi or srividya-the paths determined by Keralites of South India. This tradition was
followed by masters of ancient time as Sanaka, Sanandana, Sanat kumara, Sukhdeva etc.

Samayachari tantrik sadhakas meditate on Ananda Bhairavi and Ananda Bhairav called
Samaya and Samay respectively on the lotus of Sahasrasar. This symbolizes the union of primal
consciousness, Shiva and primal Energy, Shakti and become one without Second, undivided and
Bliss supreme.

To explain this experience Sri Ramakrishna said, seeing supreme pleasure of a pair of
lovers I was inspired by the play of Shiva and Shakti and went to deep Samadhi. Brahmani said,
My son, you have been established in the divine mood. This is the ultimate sadhana of the heroic
mode of worship.

According to Agama those who become successful by practicing Pancha M-kar system
through pure heart gets Koula as the title. Koulyas are Shivaite outwardly Shakti inwardly and
behave as Vaishnavas and remain free in the society.

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Swami Vivekananda in one of his stotra, poem about Sri Ramakrishna has mentioned -
~,| || ||||r| |||| / .|| ||-| ||- ||| |||| / +| +-| | ~| | | | ... Is this to indicate Sri
Ramakrishna Deva a Koulya of highest order !

Samayachari Tantrikas prefer mental puja more than external puja. According to
Samayachar for puja there are no rules and regulations. This pure ritual is aimed to realize the
oneness of Shiva and shakti like Brahman (Shiva) and his primodial energy (Kali) as the one
same. Sri Sri Thakur said, milk and its whiteness fire and its burning power are one and can not
be separated. If the Sadhaka realizes this, he becomes blessed and gets liberated.

Having initiated in Purnabhisheka, Brahmani made Sri Ramakrishna perform numerous
Tantrik rites. During Sadhana he had countless visions. Kula Kunadini passed from Muladhar to
Sahasrar. He had visions of live illumined Brahmajoni and heard the sound of Pranaba or
Anahata sound. Ramakrishna had a vision, mother of universes divine play. He saw a beautiful
lady gave birth to a baby, nursed very affectionately and then assumed a very cruel appearance
took the baby in her mouth and swallowed it ! He had visions of Dashbhuja to Dibhuja Devi figures
and numerous Divine forms.

Yogeswari Brahmani who was the incarnation of yoga-maya was having excellent
knowledge of Tantra and application skill guided Sri Ramakrishna to practice Tantra very
successfully. Thus by practice all the 64 tantra Sri Ramakrishna established that Tantra is also a
path to realize God.

Though Sri Ramakrishna acquired all the yogic powers he never liked to use those for any
worldly need. Rather, he always discouraged the aspirants to practice Tantra to acquire these
powers. To create aversion about Supernatural power he even described that as excrete of a
pross. He inspired the followers of Tantra to realize the oneness of Shiva and Shakti and to be
free from all bondages.

Why Sri Ramakrishna practice this hard path of Tantra? To prove that like Vadic Sadhana,
Tantra is also a perfect path for God realization. In the language of Swami Saradanandaji, once
again India will be blessed by worshipping the ancient Brahmashakti which was awakened by Sri
Ramakrishna and thus will help the world to be blessed. (~.. - - , -

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Bhagavan Sree Ramakrishna said that, every avatara worshipped Shakti the power of.
God. Without the blessings of Shakti nobody can achieve the recognition from common people
and cannot flood the country with spiritual waves. (~.. - - +)

Apart from this, we think the creator of the universe has embodied himself as Sree
Ramakrishna and he appeared here to inspire and help the human beings to realize his Self.

He proved that he was the God almighty who could create white and red flower in the same
tree and he showed it to Mathur babu, the landlord of Dakhineshwar, Kolkata.

One day Mathurbabu said to Sree Ramamrishna that God also had to follow the law. Sree
Sree Thakur replied that God had created law and he could change it whenever he wished.
Mathurbabu did not agree with him and said can white flower bloom in a red flower tree ? No,
because that is the law of God. On the very next day Sree Thakur showed a red flower and a
white flower in the same branch and Mathurbabu was convinced then and said, yes baba, I have
lost.

Sri Ramakrishna is the aim or objective of Tantra sadhana which is the knowledge of
oneness of Shiva and Shakti. By his grace Zaminder Mathurbabu realized this. Master was pacing
up and down the verandah extending to the north east of his room. Mathurbabu was then sitting by
himself in one of the rooms of his separate Kuthi house (babus mansion) and watching the
Master. All of a sudden Mathur ran up to the master in a great flurry, clasped his feet with his
hands and described his strange vision: Father you were walking and I saw that it was not you but
my Mother in the temple coming forward and it was Mahadeva himself when you turned around.

I saw it repeatedly. I rubbed my eyes well and saw you were Shiva, you were Kali. Later
Thakur mentioned, was it for nothing that Mothur did so much for me and loved me so much ?

Sri Ramakrishna is the Mother Kali himself this truth was expressed in different ways at
different times.

Sree Sree Thakurss cousin Ramtarak or Haladhari was a great scholar but after the
demise of his son, he started calling Kali as Goddess of Tamas. To convince him, Thakur sat on
Haladharis shoulder and said in an excited voice, you said, Mother consists of Tamas? Mother is
all. She has become the three Gunas and again she has become the Sattva Guna. By Thakurs
touch Haladhari had a vision of the Mother of Universe while seated in the Vishnu temple.
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Sree Ramakrishna Himself is Kali or the primal energy of Brahmana. This truth was realized
and announced by His great disciples. Swami Vivekananda said, Sree Ramakrishna was no other
than the Divine Mother Herself. Swami Shivanandaji said, Mother Herself advented as Sri
Ramakrishna. Swami Abhedanandaji realized, Inside Sri Ramakrishna there is nothing but Divine
Mother. According to Swami Ramakrishnananda, Mother of the universe took the form of Sri
Ramakrishna. He is the veritable human form of Shakti.

One may ask, whom Sri Ramakrishna used to prey and call as Mother ? The answer
would be, to Himself. In this own words, once I saw Satchidananda came out from my body and
said I am the incarnation in all ages. I thought it as a hallucination. But heard he is uttering,
Chaitanya also worshipped Shakti. We can conclude safely that there were two personality in
one body one who is a seeker or searching for God and the goal or the God Himself.

One who is practicing austerity as Sri Ramakrishna is again manifesting as Mother Kali. But
why this leela? Because he loved us, the human being. Sri Ramakrishna used to mention this
subtle and gross universe as the kingdom of Shakti. Through the warship of Shakti, awakening the
spiritual energy within he wanted to the human being to cross the boundary of Shakti. Sri
Ramakrishna the embodiment of Shiva performed Shakti Sadhana to encourage the aspirants to
worship Shakti by which they can manifest primal power within and can go beyond the realm of
Shatki. God realization is the goal of every human being.

- E N D


This article: Shakti Puja and Sri Ramakrishna by Swami
Ishatmananda was published in Prabuddha Bharata A monthly
journal of the Ramakrishna Order started by Swami Vivekananda
in 1896; Vol. 115, No. 6, June 2010, pp365-371.
The full journal can be accessed at:
http://advaitaashrama.org/Content/pb/2010/062010.pdf

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