Lab - 14 - Routing Protocols & Configuration

http://www.4shared.com/rar/RkAOflVf/Lab-14-Routing_Protocols__Conf.html
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Configure the topology Verify Connected Routes Configuring Static Routes Configuring Default Routes Configuring Dynamic Routing Protocol (RIP) Verifying RIP

1. Configure the topology

Design and configure the topology as shown below:

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i.

Configure Hosts Please refer to Lab-00-Prepare Virtual Network Environment to configure the loopback and virtual Linux boxes.

ii.

Configure Switches a. SW_ISB

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b. SW_LHR

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c. SW_PSH

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iii.

Configure Routers a. Islamabad

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b. Lahore

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c. Peshawar

2. Verify Connected Routes

i. Islamabad The show ip interface brief command displays the status of three interfaces is up.

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The output of the show ip route command confirms that Islamabad added a route to all subnets to its routing table.

ii.

Lahore

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iii.

Peshawar

3. Configure Static Routes

The connected routes on each router are important; however, to forward packets to all subnets in an internetwork the router needs other routes to learn also. www.asghars.blogspot.com 9

For example; Islamabad can successfully ping the IP addresses on its local connected LAN subnet (10.1.128.252 and 10.1.130.252). However, a ping of IP addresses 10.1.129.252, 10.1.129.253, 10.1.2.251 and 10.1.3.251 will fail.

One solution to this problem could be to configure static routes as. i. Islamabad Possible Routes Route 10.1.2.0 10.1.3.0

Next Hope 10.1.128.252 10.1.130.252

Now check can we ping 10.1.2.251.

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You can also verify the static routes through show ip route.

ii.

Lahore Possible Routes Route 192.168.1.0 10.1.3.0

Next Hope 10.1.128.251 10.1.129.253

Verify the static routes for Lahore.

iii.

Peshawar Possible Routes Route 192.168.1.0 10.1.2.0

Next Hope 10.1.130.251 10.1.129.252

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Ping Command on Cisco Routers: The Cisco ping command uses, by default, the output interfaces IP address as the packets source address, unless otherwise specified as in the example given below.

4. Configuring Default Routes

Default route is a special static route. With a default route, when a packets destination IP address does not match any other routes, the router uses the default route for forwarding the packet. To define static default route use the ip route command with special subnet and mask value, i.e 0.0.0.0 which means match all packets. i. Islamabad

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ii.

Lahore

iii.

Peshawar

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5. Configuring Dynamic Routing Protocol

You could use static routes, static default routes, on all routers in an internetwork. However, most enterprises use a dynamic routing protocol to learn all the routes. Routers using RIP-2 (Routing Information Protocol) advertise a small amount of simple information about each subnet to their neighbors. Their neighbors in turn advertise the information to their neighbors, and so on, until all routers have learned the information Use the router rip configuration command to move into RIP configuration mode and use one or more network net-number RIP subcommands to enable RIP on the correct interfaces. Note: for clarity its better to remove the static and default routes by using the no ip route command on each router as:

i.

Islamabad

ii.

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iii.

Peshawar

Note: To disable the sending of RIP updates on specific interface use the passive-interface type number RIP subcommand but before applying this command RIP on that interfaces must be enabled.

6. Verifying RIP
i. Show Command Three primary show commands are helpful to confirm how well RIP-2 is working.

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a. Metric When an internetwork has redundant links, and uses a single routing protocol, each router may learn multiple routes to reach a particular subnet. The routing protocol then uses a metric to choose the best route, and the router adds that route to its routing table. b. Administrative Distance When multiple routing protocols are used on the single router. The IOS assign a numeric value to each routing protocol. IOS then chooses the route whose routing protocol has the lower number. This number is called the administrative distance (AD). RIP defaults to use an AD of 120. Note; Static routes (backup static route) have a default AD that is better than all routing protocols, so if a router has a static route defined for a subnet, and the routing protocol learns a route to the same subnet, the static route will be added to the routing table. www.asghars.blogspot.com 16

For example, the ip route 10.1.1.0 255.255.255.0 10.2.2.2 150 command sets this static routes AD to 150. If RIP-2 learned a route to 10.1.1.0/24 on this same router, the router would place the RIP-learned route into the routing table, assuming a default AD of 120, which is better than the static routes AD in this case. The show ip protocols command identifies some of the details of RIP operation.

Of particular importance for real-life troubleshooting, focus on both the version information and the routing information sources. If you forget to configure the version 2 command on one router, that router will send only RIP-1 updates by default, and the column labeled Send would list a 1 instead of a 2. The other routers, only listening for Version 2 updates, could not learn routes from this router. ii. Debug Command This command enables a debug option that tells the router to generate log messages each time the router sends and receives a RIP update.

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To disable debugging use the following command.

Before using the debug command, it is helpful to look at the routers CPU utilization with the show process command. On routers with a higher CPU utilization, generally above 30 to 40 percent, be very cautious when enabling debug options, as this may drive the CPU to the point of impacting packet forwarding.

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