Jennings-Saunders, A. (2004). Teaching disaster nursing by utilizing the Jennings disaster nursing management model.

Nursing Education in Practice, 4, 69-76. This article outlines the Jenning Disaster Nursing Management Model and how it can benefit Nursing students in a Community Health Nursing Course. The Jennings Disaster Model is divided into 4 phases. Phase one is the Pre-disaster phase in which the nurse performs an initial assessment of the community, looking at resources and risks. Nurses utilize interprofessional collaboration to work with established shelters, community agencies, and other professions to help identify and assess current resources and emergency plans. Once an initial assessment has been made, the nurse can move into the planning segment of phase one. In the planning segment, the nurse works with other professions to allocate resources; make collaborative agreements with the town council, police, firefighters, physicians, nurses, administrators of local schools, etc.; Define specific roles to all of those in the community; develop and activate disaster management tools that help plan for a disaster, assess damage, and assess individual health status; develop disaster management education program so that the community is aware of what to do during a disaster; develop volunteer opportunities so the community can get actively involved; and finally implement all of the aspects mentioned and practice the disaster plan on a regular basis. Phase two of the Jennings Nursin Management Model is when the disaster actually occurs and the nurse takes the role of a caregiver, educator or case manager. As a caregiver the nurse will focus on all aspects of care of an individual; including physical, emotional, psychosocial, and cultural. As an educator the nurse will teach clients about treatment of health problem, so the nurse would teach a client about how to care for a broken limb if the client fractured a limb during a disaster. Finally, as a case manager, the nurse will give the client resources from the community agency, such as providing food vouchers for people in need. Phase three of the model is the Post-disaster phase where the nurse performs

an assessment of the plan in place and re-evaluates it, plans on how to strengthen the weaknesses in the disaster plan and implements the new plan to the community. Finally, phase four of the model looks at the population outcomes and looks at statistics such as decreased mortality rates, improved health care status, and increased disaster knowledge and so on to see if the plan was effective. The article applied this model to a case study and the model was found to be an effective and interactive way for students to learn about disaster management.