Insight of physics

By Praveen Kumar Reddy.A Assistant Project Manager Efftronics systems Pvt Ltd.,

What is Science ?

Science means observation

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Natural Sciences
Physics Chemistry Biology

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What is physics ?

Physics is traditionally defined as study of matter and energy and the relation between them.

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Physics broadly classified as

Classical mechanics Modern physics

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Classical mechanics

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Central concept of classical mechanics

Motion

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What it focuses ?

It consists of different physical laws that describe motion of bodies under action of forces.

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Where it is applicable ?

Classical mechanics provide accurate results when bodies are sufficiently large and the speed of object is very much less than speed of light.

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Formulation of classical mechanics

Newtonian mechanics Lagrangian mechanics Hamiltonian mechanics.

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Why these formulations ?

Instead of force , energy is taken as a concept to describe motion in Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics. The other formulations are used to easily solve certain problems easily compared to Newtonian problems.

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Base of classical mechanics

Newton's three laws of motion form the basis of classical mechanics.

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Main branches of classical mechanics

Statics Dynamics Kinematics

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Statics

It is the study of equilibrium and its relation to forces.

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Dynamics

Study of motion and its relation with forces.

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Kinematics

It deals with observed motion with out regarding circumstances that caused this motion.

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What you study in degree ?

Basically Newtonian mechanics regarding these four types of motion.

Learning rules and its applications in simple events.

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Why iam learning ?

In order to characterize various physical events with the help of physical laws and mathematics.

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Mathematics for Classical mechanics

Language of Mechanics is Calculus

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Realize why you learn physics ?

Our every day physical events which are in motion is accurately described by classical mechanics accurately.

You are learning tools for that in your degree course.

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Main domains of classical mechanics

Mechanics Thermo dynamics Electro magnetism Optics (Geometrical and Optical)

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Why modern physics born ?

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Reasons

By the late 19th cent. most of classical physics was complete, and optimistic physicists turned their attention to what they considered minor details in the complete elucidation of their subject

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Reasons

Several problems, however, provided the cracks that eventually led to the shattering of this optimism and the birth of modern physics.

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Black body radiation

Classical mechanics fails to explain this graph. This is called ultraviolet catastrophe.

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Introduction of quantization

Max Planck solved the problem by introducing quantization.

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What is quantization ?

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Einstein photo electric effect

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Experiments on Atomic structure

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Birth of quantum mechanics

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Quantum mechanics
It will not give absolute values They are based on statistical interpretation and explain results based on probability.

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Quantum mechanics based on

Heisenberg uncertainty principle we can not calculate position and momentum of a particle simultaneously.
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Quantum mechanics

In the small world (realm of atoms) Quantum mechanics gives set of rules to explain the behavior of atoms. They cannot be explained on the basis of classical mechanics.

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Schrodinger equation

Schrodinger equations can be used to find the behaviour of atoms . It gives strong mathematical treatment.

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Prominent scientists

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Theory of relativity

Einstein created two theories which shocked the world.

Special theory of relativity General theory of relativity

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Special theory of relativity

No body can travel speed than light There is no absolute space.

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When body reaches speed of light

Its length contradicts Time dilates Mass increases

All these are explained that frames of reference moving with out acceleration.

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General theory of relativity

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General theory of relativity

Here frames undergo acceleration Gravity is due to curvature of space-time around heavy massed bodies Light bends around that curvature.

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General theory of relativity predicts

Black hole
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General theory of relativity predicts

Cosmic micro wave background radiation

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Nuclear physics

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Nuclear fission and fusion

Nuclear fission

Nuclear fusion
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Applications of nuclear physics

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Atomic physics

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Atomic physics

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Particle physics

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Where we are in physics Now ?

Finding new elementary particles Strengthening standard model of atom.

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Where we are in physics now ?

Large Hadron collider to identify Higgs boson , this is a particle which creates mass to every particle in universe.

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Where we are in physics now ?

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Latest theory working on

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Dark matter vs matter

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Society needs physicists badly

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