Chapter 11

DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
p
y
SlopeDeflectionMethod

DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
Twomainmethodsofanalyzingindeterminatestructure
Forcemethod
Themethodofconsistentdeformations&theequationofthree
moment
Theprimaryunknownsareforcesormoments
Th
i
k
f

Displacementmethod
Theslopedeflectionmethod&themomentdistributionmethod
Th l
d fl ti
th d & th
t di t ib ti
th d
Theprimaryunknownisdisplacement(slope&deflection)
It
Itisparticularlyusefulfortheanalysisofhighlystaticallyindeterminate
is particularly useful for the analysis of highly statically indeterminate
structure
Easilyprogrammedonacomputer&usedtoanalyzeawiderangeof
indeterminatestructures

Displacement Method of Analysis

DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
DegreeofFreedom
Thenumberofpossiblejointrotations&independentjoint
translationsinastructureiscalledthedegreeoffreedomofthe
structure
Inthreedimensionseachnodeonaframecanhaveatmostthree
lineardisplacements&threerotationaldisplacements.
Intwodimensioneachnodecanhaveatmosttwolinear
displacements&onerotationaldisplacement.
DOF=nJ R
n numberofpossiblejointsmovements
J numberofjoints
j
Rnumberofrestrainedmovements

Displacement Method of Analysis

DisplacementMethodofAnalysis
DegreeofFreedom
DOF=nJ R
nnumberofpossiblejointsmovements

n=2fortwodimensionaltrussstructures
n=2forthreedimensionaltrussstructures
n=3fortwodimensionalframestructures
n=6forthreedimensionalframestructures

J numberofjoints
Rnumberofrestrainedmovements

NeglectingAxialdeformation
eg ect g a de o at o
DOF=nJ R m
m numberofmembers

Displacement Method of Analysis

DisplacementMethodofAnalysis

SlopeDeflection
Slope
DeflectionEquations
Equations
Derivation
Derivation

SlopeDeflectionEquations
AngularDisplacementatA,
A
l Di l
A A

M A ' = 0.
M B ' = 0.

1 M AB
2 EI

1 M BA
2 EI

L 1 M BA
L
3 2 EI
L 1 M AB
L
3 2 EI

2L
= 0.
L
3
2L
+ A L = 0.
L
3

M AB =

4EI
A
L

M BA =

22EI
EI
A
L

SlopeDeflectionEquations
AngularDisplacementatB,
A
l Di l
B B

M BA =

4EI
B
L

M AB =

2EI
B
L

SlopeDeflectionEquations
RelativeLinearDisplacement
R l i Li
Di l

M B ' = 0.

1 M
2 EI

2L 1 M

L
3 2 EI

L
L + = 0.
3
M AB = M BA = M =

6EI

2
L

SlopeDeflectionEquations
FixedEndMoment
Fi d E d M

= 0.

Fixed-End
moment

1 PL
2 EI

1 M

L
2

2 EI

M =

PL
8

0
L = 0.

SlopeDeflectionEquations
p
q

M AB = (FEM ) AB
M BA = (FEM ) BA

SlopeDeflectionEquations
FixedEndMoment

SlopeDeflectionEquations
Slopedeflectionequations
Sl
d fl i
i
Theresultantmoment(addingallequationstogether)
I

M AB = 2E 2 A + B 3 + (FEM ) AB
L
L
I
M BA = 2E
L

3
+

A
B
+ (FEM ) BA

Letsrepresentthememberstiffnessask=I/L&
Thespanrationduetodisplacementas
p
p
=/L
/
Referringtooneendofthespanasnearend(N)&theother
endasthefarend(F).

Rewritetheequations
Rewrite the equations

M N = 2EK [ 2 N + F 3 ] + (FEM ) N
M F = 2EK [ 2 F + N 3 ] + (FEM ) F

SlopeDeflectionEquations
SlopedeflectionequationsforpinsupportedEndSpan
Sl
d fl i
i
f
i
dE dS
Ifthefarendisapinorarollersupport

M N = 2EK [ 2 N + F 3 ] + (FEM ) N

0 = 2EK [ 2 F + N 3 ] + 0
Multiplythefirstequationby2andsubtractingthesecondequation
f
fromit
it

M N = 3EK [ N ] + (FEM ) N

SlopeDeflection
Slope
DeflectionEquations
Equations
MN,MF =theinternalmomentinthenear&farendofthespan.
Consideredpositive whenactinginaclockwise direction
E,k=modulusofelasticityofmaterial&spanstiffnessk=I/L
E k
d l
f l ti it f t i l &
tiff
k I/L
N,F =near&farendslopeofthespanatthesupportsinradians.
Consideredpositive whenactinginaclockwise direction
=spanrationduetoalineardisplacement /L.iftherightend ofa
membersinkswithrespectthetheleftendthesignispositive

Stepstoanalyzingbeamsusingthismethod
Finedthefixedendmomentsofeachspan(bothendsleft&right)
Applytheslopedeflectionequationoneachspan&identifytheunknowns
Writedownthejointequilibriumequations
Write down the joint equilibrium equations
Solvetheequilibriumequationstogettheunknownrotation&deflections
Determinetheendmomentsandthentreateachspanassimplysupportedbeam
subjected to given load & end moments so you can workout the reactions & draw
subjectedtogivenload&endmomentssoyoucanworkoutthereactions&draw
thebendingmoment&shearforcediagram

Example1
Example1
E
l 1
Drawthebendingmoment&shearforcediagram.
Fi d E
Fixed
Endd Moment
M
t
FEM AB

FEM BC

4 4
=
= 2t .m
8
2 62
=
= 6t .m
12

4
4t

2t/m

FEM BA = 2t .m
FEM CB = 6t .m

Slope Deflection Equations

I
M AB = 2E [ 2 A + B 0] 2
4
I
M BA = 2E [ A + 2 B 0] + 2
4
2I
M BC = 2E [ 2 B + C 0] 6
6
2I
M CB = 2E [ B + 2C 0] + 6
6

A= 0.
0
A = 0.
C = 0.
C = 0.

4m
M AB = 0.5EI B 2
M BA = EI B + 2

4
M BC = EI B 6
3
2
M CB = EI B + 6
3

2I
6m

Joint Equilibrium Equations

Joint B
M BA + M BC = 0
4
EI B + 2 + EI B 6 = 0.
3

B =

1.7
1
7
EI

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 0.5EI
M BA = EI

1.7
1
7
2 = 1.15t .m
EI

1.7
+ 2 = 3.7t .m
EI

M BC = 3.7t .m

M CB

2 1.7
= EI
+ 6 = 7.1t .m
3
EI

4t
3.7

1.15

Computing The Reactions

1.15 + 4 2 3.7
= 1.36
1 36t
4
R B 1 = 4 1.36 = 2.64t
RA =

RA

RB1

2 6 3 + 3.7
3 7 77.1
1
= 5.43t
6
RC = 2 6 5.43 = 6.57t

2t/
2t/m

RB 2 =

RB2

5.43
1.36

+
-

2.64

6 57
6.57
7.1
3.7
1.15

+
1.57

7.1

3.7

+
3.79

RC

Example2
Example1:
Example 1: Determinetheinternalmomentsinthebeamatthesupports.
Determine the internal moments in the beam at the supports
Fixed End Moment

60 4 22
FEM AB =
= 26.67 kN .m
62
60 2 42
FEM BA =
= 53.33kN .m
62
30 62
FEM BC =
= 135kN .m
8

60kN
30kN/m

4m
A

I
6m

Slope Deflection Equations

I
M AB = 2E [ 2 A + B 0] 26.67
6
I
M BA = 2E [ A + 2 B 0] + 53.33
6
I
M BC = 3E [ B 0] 135
6

A= 0.
0
A= 0.

I
6m

1
M AB = EI B 26.67
3
2
M BA = EI B + 53.33
3
1
M BC = EI B 135
2

Joint Equilibrium Equations

Joint B
M BA + M BC = 0
2
1
EI B + 53.33 + EI B 135 = 0
3
2
EI B = 70

Substituting in slope deflection equations

1
M AB = (70) 26.67 = 3.33kN .m
3
2
M BA = (70) + 53.33 = 100kN .m
3
1
M BC = (70) 135 = 100kN .m
2

7
EI B = 81.67
6

Example3
Example2:
E
l 2 Determinetheinternalmomentsinthebeamatthesupports
SupportA;downwardmovementof0.3cm&clockwiserotationof0.001
rad.SupportB;downwardmovementof1.2cm.SupportCdownward
movementof0.6cm.EI=5000t.m2
Fixed End Moment
FEM AB = FEM BA = FEM BC = FEM CB = 0.

Displacements
A = +0.001

AB
BC

1.2
1
2 00.3
3
=
= 0.0015
600
0.6 1.2
=
= 0.001
600

Slope Deflection Equations

2 5000
M AB =
[ 2 0.001 + B 3 0.0015]
6

2 5000
M BA =
[ 2 B + 0.001 3 0.0015]
6

6m

6m

 3 5000
M BC =
[ B + 0.001]
6

Joint Equilibrium Equations

Joint B
M BA + M BC = 0
7 B 0.004 = 0

B = 0.00057 rad

Substituting in slope deflection equations

2 5000
M AB =
[ 2 0.001 + 0.00057 3 0.0015] = 3.22t .m
6

2 5000
M BA =
[ 2 0.00057 + 0.001 3 0.0015] = 3.93t .m
6

3 5000
M BC =
0 00057 + 0.001
0 001] = 33.93
93t .m
[ 0.00057
6

Example1

FEM AB = FEM BA = 0.0

A = C = 0.0
00

Slope
p Deflection Equations
q

E ilib i
Equilibrium
E
Equations
ti

Example2

Example3

Example4

 AnalysisofFramesWithoutSway
ThesidemovementoftheendofacolumninaframeiscalledSWAY.

Example5
Determinethemomentateachjointoftheframe.EIisconstant
D t
i th
t t
h j i t f th f
EI i
t t
Fixed End Moment

FEM AB = FEM BA = 0.

5 24 82
FEM BC =
= 80kN .m
96
5 24 82
FEM CB =
= 80kN .m
96
FEM CD = FEM DC = 0.

Slope Deflection Equations

A= 0.
0
I
M AB = 2E [ 0. + B 0.] + 0
12
M AB = 0.1667 EI B
A= 0.
0
I
M BA = 2E [ 2 B + 0 0.] + 0
12
M BA = 0.333EI B

I
M BC = 2E [ 2 B + C 0] 80
8
I
M CB = 2E [ 2C + B 0] + 80
8
I
M CD = 2E [ 2C + 0 0.] + 0
12

I
M DC = 2E [ 0 + C 0.] + 0
12

M BC = 0.5EI B + 0.25EI C 80
M CB = 0.5EI C + 0.25EI B + 80

D= 0.
D= 0.
0

M CD = 0.333EI C
M DC = 0.1667 EI C

Joint Equilibrium Equations

Joint B
M BA + M BC = 0
0 333EI B + 0.5
0.333
0 5EI B + 00.25
25EI C 80 = 0.
0

0 833EI B + 0.25
0.833
0 25EI C = 80

Joint C
M CB + M CD = 0
0 333EI C + 0.5
0.333
0 5EI C + 00.25
25EI B + 80 = 0.
0

0 833EI C + 0.25
0.833
0 25EI B = 80

Two equation & two unknown

B = C =

137.1
EI

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 22.9kN .m

45.7

45.7

M BA = 45.7 kN .m
M BC = 45.7 kN .m
M CB = 45.7 kN .m

82.3

M CD = 45.7
45 7 kN .m
M DC = 22.9kN .m

22.9

22.9

Example6

Example6b
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram
20kN

Fixed End Moment

20 2 1
= 4.44kN .m
2
3
20 1 22
=
= 8.89kN .m
2
3
48 42
=
= 64kN .m
12
= 64kN .m

FEM AB =

FEM BA
FEM BC
FEM CB

30kN

48kN/m
k /

A
I

B
I 3m

1m

2I

C
2I

3m

4m

M CD = 30 2 = 60kN .m

M AB

I
= 2E [ 2 A + B 0] 4.44
3

4m

FEM BE = FEM EB = FEM CF = FEM FC = 0

Slope Deflection Equations

A= 0.
0

2
M AB = EI B 4.44
3

2m

M BA

I
= 2E [ A + 2 B 0] + 8.89
3

A= 0.
0

2II
2
M BC = 2E [ 2 B + C 0] 64
4
2I
M CB = 2E [ B + 2C 0] + 64
4
I
M BE = 2E [ 2 B + E 0] + 0
3
I
M EB = 2E [ 2 E + B 0] + 0
3

M CF
M FC

2I
= 2E
4
2I
= 2E
4

[ 2C + F 0] + 0

[ 2 F + C 0] + 0

4
M BA = EI B + 8.89
3
M BC = 2EI B + EI C 64
M CB = EI B + 2EI C + 64

E= 0.
E= 0.

F= 0.
F= 0.
0

4
M BE = EI B
3
2
M EB = EI B
3
M CF = 2EI C
M FC = EI C

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B
M BA + M BC + M BE = 0

4
4
EI B + 8.89 + 2EI B + EI C 64 + EI B = 0
3
3

4.67 EI B + EI C = 55.11

Joint C
M CB + M CF + M CD = 0
EI B + 2EI C + 64 + 2EI C 60 = 0

EI B + 4EI C = 4

Two equation & two unknown

EI B = 12.70

EI C = 4.18

S b tit ti in
Substituting
i slope
l
deflection
d fl ti equations
ti
2
M AB = 12.7 4.44 = 4.03kN .m
3
4
M BA = 12.70 + 8.89 = 25.83kNm
3

M BC = 2 12.7 4.18 64 = 42.77 kN .m

M CB = 12.7 + 2 (4.18) + 64 = 68.34kN .m

4
M BE = 12.70
12 70 = 16.94
16 94kN .m
3
2
M EB = 12.70 = 8.47 kN .m
3

M CF = 2EI (4.18)
4 18) = 88.35
35kN .m
M FC = 4.18kN .m

68.35
68
3
60
42.77
25.83

8.35

16.94
4.03

7.1
8.47
4.18

Slope Deflection (Frame with Sway)

SlopeDeflection(FramewithSway)
AnalysisofFrameswithSway

Example7
Drawthebendingmoment
D
th b di
t
diagram.EIconstant
Fixed End Moment
As there is no span loading in any
of the member FEM for all the
members is zero
Slope Deflection Equations
I

M AB = 2E 0.
0 + B 3 + 0
12
12
1
1
= EI B EI
6
24

I

M BA = 2E 2 B + 0. 3 + 0
12
12
1
1
= EI B EI
3
24

 I
0.
M BC = 2E 2 B + C 3 + 0
15
15
I
M CB = 2E [ 2C + B 0] + 0
15
I

M CD = 2E 2C + 0 3 + 0.
18
18
I

M DC = 2E 0 + C 3 + 0
18
18

4
2
EI B + EI C
15
15
2
4
= EI B + EI C
15
15

2
1
= EI C EI
9
54
1
1
= EI C EI
9
54

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B MB = 0

M BA + M BC = 0
1
1
4
2
EI B EI + EI B + EI C = 0.
3
24
15
15
EI + 14.4EI B + 3.2EI C = 0

Joint C MC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0

2
4
2
1
EI B + EI C + EI C EI = 0.
15
15
9
54
EI + 7.2EI B + 26.4EI C = 0

Three unknown & just two equations so we need

another equilibrium equation. Let take Fx = 0.
40 H A H D = 0.

M BA + M AB
12
M + M DC
H D = CD
18
HA =

40 18 + 1.5 ( M BA + M AB ) + ( M CD + M DC ) = 0.
1
1
1
1

720 + 1.5 EI B EI + EI B EI
24
6
24
3

1
1
1
2

+ EI C EI + EI C EI = 0.
54
9
54
9

0.162EI + 0.75EI B + 0.333EI C = 720

Now solve the three equation

14.4 3.2 EI 0
1

1
7.2 26.4 EI B = 0

0.162
0 162 0.75
0 75 0.333
0 333 EI C 720

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 208kN .m
M BA = 135kN .m

M BC = 135kN .m
M CB = 95kN .m

M CD = 95kN .m
M DC = 110kN .m

EI C = 136.2
EI B = 438.9

EI = 6756.6

135

+ +

135

208

95

110

95

Example7
Drawthebendingmoment
h b d
diagram.EIconstant
Fixed End Moment
FEM AB = FEM BA = 0.
FEM BC
FEM BC
FEM CD

20 152
=
= 375kN .m
12
20 152
=
= 375kN .m
12
= FEM DC = 0.

Slope Deflection Equations

I

M AB = 2E 0. + B 3 + 0
12
12
1
1
= EI B EI
6
24

 I

M BA = 2E 2 B + 0. 3 + 0
12
12

1
1
= EI B EI
3
24

I
0.
M BC = 2E 2 B + C 3 375
15
15
I
M CB = 2E [ 2C + B 0] + 375
15

4
2
EI B + EI C 375
15
15
2
4
= EI B + EI C + 375
15
15

I

M CD = 2E 2C + 0 3 + 0.
18
18
I

M DC = 2E 0 + C 3 + 0
18
18

2
1
= EI C EI
9
54

1
1
= EI C EI
9
54

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B MB = 0

M BA + M BC = 0
1
1
4
2
EI B EI + EI B + EI C 375 = 0.
0
3
24
15
15
EI + 14.4EI B + 3.2EI C = 9000

Joint C MC = 0

M CB + M CD = 0
2
4
2
1
EI B + EI C + 375 + EI C EI = 0.
15
15
9
54
EI + 7.2EI B + 26.4EI C = 20250

Three unknown & just two equations so we need

another equilibrium equation. Let take Fx = 0.

40 H A H D = 0.
M + M AB
H A = BA
12
M + M DC
H D = CD
18
40 18 + 1.5 ( M BA + M AB ) + ( M CD + M DC ) = 0.

1
1
1
1

720 + 1.5 EI B EI + EI B EI
24
6
24
3

1
1
1
2

+ EI C EI + EI C EI = 0.
54
9
54
9

0.162EI + 0.75EI B + 0.333EI C = 720

Now solve the three equation

14.4 3.2 EI 9000
1

R1-R2
1

7.2 26.4 EI B = 20250

0.162R1-R3
0.162
0 162 0.75
0 75 0.333
0 333 EI C 720
1 14.4 3.2 EI 9000
0 7.2 23.2 EI = 29250 0.22R2-R3

0 1.58 0.185 EI C 2178

1 14.4 3.2 EI 9000
0. 7.2 23.2 EI = 29250

0. 0. 5.29 EI C 4257

S b i i in
Substituting
i slope
l
deflection
d fl i equations
i
1
1
M AB = 1467.2 9587.2 = 155kN .m
6
24
1
1
M BA = 1469.6 9587.2 = 90kN .m
3
24

4257
= 804.7
804 7
5.29
EI B = 1469.6
EI C =

EI = 9587.2

4
2
1469.6 + (804.7) 375 = 90kN .m
15
15
2
4
= 1469.6 + ( 804.7) + 375 = 356kN .m
15
15

M BC =
M CB

2
1
M CD = (804.7) 9587.2 = 356kN .m
9
54
1
1
M DC = (804.7) 9587.2 = 267 kN .m
9
54
90

356

90

356

155
267

Example8

Example9
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant
Fixed End Moment
As there is no span loading in any of the
member FEM for all the members is zero
Slope Deflection Equations
I

M AB = 2E 0. + B 3 1 + 0
5
5
2
6
= EI B EI 1
5
25
I

M BA = 2E 2 B + 0 3 1 + 0
5
5
4
6
= EI B EI 1
5
25

 I
0
M BE = 2E 2 B + E 3 + 0
7
7
I
0
M EB = 2E 2 E + B 3 + 0
7
7
M FE
M EF

I

= 2E 0. + E 3 1 + 0
5
5
I

= 2E 2 E + 0 3 1 + 0
5
5

4
2
= EI B + EI E
7
7
2
4
= EI B + EI E
7
7
2
6
= EI E EI 1
5
25
4
6
= EI E EI 1
5
25

I

M BC = 2E 2 B + C 3 2 + 0
5
5
I

M CB = 2E 2C + B 3 2 + 0
5
5

4
2
6
= EI B + EI C EI 2
5
5
25
2
4
6
= EI B + EI C EI 2
5
5
25

I
0
M CD = 2E 2C + D 3 + 0
7
7
I
0
M DC = 2E 2 D + C 3 + 0
7
7

4
2
= EI C + EI D
7
7
2
4
= EI C + EI D
7
7

 I

M DE = 2E 2 D + E 3 2 + 0
5
5
I

M ED = 2E 2 E + D 3 2 + 0
5
5

4
2
6
= EI D + EI E EI 2
5
5
25
2
4
6
= EI D + EI E EI 2
5
5
25

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B MB = 0
M BA + M BC + M BE = 0
4
6
4
2
6
4
2
EI B EI 1 + EI B + EI C EI 2 + EI B + EI E = 0
5
25
5
5
25
7
7
380EI B + 70EI C + 50EI E 42EI 1 42EI 2 = 0

Joint E ME = 0
M EB + M ED + M EF = 0
2
4
2
4
6
4
6
EI B + EI E + EI D + EI E EI 2 + EI E EI 1 = 0
7
7
5
5
25
5
25
50EI B + 70EI D + 380EI E 42EI 1 42EI 2 = 0
2

Joint C MC= 0

M CB + M CD = 0
2
4
6
4
2
EI B + EI C EI 2 + EI C + EI D = 0
5
5
25
7
7
70EI B + 240EI C + 50EI D 42EI 2 = 0

Joint D MD = 0

M DC + M DE = 0
2
4
4
2
6
EI C + EI D + EI D + EI E EI 2 = 0
7
7
5
5
25
50EI C + 240EI D + 70EI E 42EI 2 = 0

Top story FX = 0
40 H B H E = 0
M + M BC
H B = CB
5
M + M ED
H E = DE
5

HB

HE

2
4
6
4
2
6
200 + EI B + EI C EI 2 + EI B + EI C EI 2
5
5
25
5
5
25
4
2
6
2
4
6
+ EI D + EI E EI 2 + EI D + EI E EI 2 = 0
5
5
25
5
5
25
6EI B + 6EI C + 6EI D + 6EI E 4.8EI 2 = 1000

B tt
Bottom
story
t
FX = 0
40 + 80 H A H F = 0
M + M AB
H A = BA
5
M + M FE
H F = EF
5
4
6
2
6
600 + EI B EI 1 + EI B EI 1
5
25
5
25
4
6
2
6
+ EI E EI 1 + EI E EI 1 = 0
5
25
5
25
30EI B + 30EI E 24EI 1 = 15000

HA

HF

6 unknown
k
and
d 6 equation
ti
0
50 42 42 EI B 0
380 70
50
0
70 380 42 42 EI C 0

70 240 50
0
0
42 EI D 0
=

EI

0
50
240
70
0
42
0

6
6
6
6
0 4.8
4 8 EI 1 1000

EI

30
0
0
30
24
0
15000

EI B = 171.79
EI C = 79.80
EI D = 79.80
EI E = 171.79
EI 1 = 1054.46
1054 46

EI 2 = 837.29

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 184.4kN .m

M BE = 147.2kN .m

M FE = 184.4kN .m

M BA = 115.6kN .m

M EB = 147.2kN .m

M EF = 115.6kN .m

M BC = 31.6kN .m

M CD = 68.4kN .m

M DE = 68.4kN .m

M CB = 68.4
68 4kN .m

M DC = 68.4
68 4kN .m

M ED = 31.6
31 6kN .m

68.4

+
+

68.4

68.4
- 68.4

147.2

115.6

31.6 -

+
+

31.6

147 2
147.2

184.4

184.4

115.6

Example10
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant

Degree of freedom
DOF = 3x4-6-3 = 3
That means we got three unknown &
we need three equations
Before we start let us discus the relative
displacement () of each span

CD

The relative displacement () for span AB

is equal AB 0. = AB (clockwise)

The relative displacement () for span BC is

equal 0. BC = BC (counterclockwise)
The relative displacement () for span CD
is equal 0. (CD)= CD (clockwise)

BC
A

60o

AB

Let us build a relationship between AB, BC & CD

take AB =
BC = AB sin30 = 0.5
CD = AB cos30 = 0.866
So in the slope deflection equations we will use;
as the relative displacement of span AB.
0.5 as the relative displacement of span BC.
0.866 as the relative displacement of span CD.

D
B
60o

60o

CD

=30o
AB

BC

Fixed End Moment

FEM AB = FEM BA = 0.
2 42
FEM BC =
= 2.667
2 667t .m
12
FEM CB = 2.667.m
FEM CD = FEM DC = 0.

Slope Deflection Equations

I

M AB = 2E 0. + B 3 + 0
3
3
I

M BA = 2E 2 B + 0 3 + 0
3
3

2
2
= EI B EI
3
3
4
2
= EI B EI
3
3

I
0.5
M BC = 2E 2 B + C 3
2.667
4
4
I
0.5
M CB = 2E B + 2C 3
667
+ 22.667
4
4

1
3
= EI B + EI C + EI 2.667
2
16
1
3
= EI B + EI C + EI + 2.667
2 667
2
16

 I
0.866
M CD = 2E 2C + 0 3
+ 0
6
6

I
0.866
M DC = 2E 0 + C 3
+ 0
6
6

2
0.866
= EI C
EI
3
6
1
0.866
= EI C
EI
3
6

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B MB = 0
M BA + M BC = 0
4
2
1
3
EI B EI + EI B + EI C + EI 2.667 = 0
3
3
2
16
112EI B + 24EI C 23EI = 128
1

Joint C MC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0
1
3
2
0.866
EI B + EI C + EI + 2.667 + EI C
EI = 0
2
16
3
6
24EI B + 80EI C + 2.072EI = 128
2

Third Equilibrium
Eq ilibri m Equations
Eq ations (Method 1)

M + M BA
M DC + M CD
11

M AB + M DC AB
(
)

(12.92 )
3
6

8 ( 2 ) = 0.0

21M AB 22M BA 12.92M CCD 11.92M DCC 96 = 0

34.5EI B 3.1EI C 38.375EI = 144

8.0

30
3.0

6.92m

20
2.0

20
2.0

6.0m
3.0

6.0

Third Equilibrium Equations (Method 2)

Third equation FX = 0
H A H D = 0

M BA
2.6m

M CD + M DC
6

Free body diagram for column AB

HA A

H A 2.6 + ( M BA + M AB ) +V A 1.5 = 0

1.5m

M AB

VA

Free body diagram for Beam BC

M DC

( M BC + M CB ) + 4

M BC

( M BA + M AB ) 1.5 ( M BC + M CB )
4
H A =

2.6
2.6
4

( M BA + M AB ) + 1.5 ( M BC + M CB ) + 4 + M CD + M DC
2.6

2.6

HD

V B 4 + ( M BC + M CB ) 2 4 2 = 0
V A =V B =

From the free body diagram for column CD

HD =

M CD

2t/m

B
M CB

VB
= 0.

24 ( M BA + M AB ) 9 ( M BC + M CB ) + 10.4
10 4 ( M CD + M DC ) = 144
2
2
2
1
4

24 EI B EI + EI B EI 9 EI B + EI C
3
3
3
2
3

3
1
3

+ EI 2.667 + EI B + EI C + EI + 2.667
16
2
16

0.866
1
0.866
2

EI + EI C
EI = 144
+10.4 EI C
6
3
6
3

34.5EI B 3.1EI C 38.375EI = 144

Solving the three equation

23 EI B 128
112 24

24
80
2 072 EI C = 128
2.072

34.5 3.1 38.375 EI 144

EI B = 3.11
EI C = 2.71
2 71

EI = 6.77

Solving the three equation

23 EI B 128
112 24

24
80
2 072 EI C = 128
2.072

34.5 3.1 38.375 EI 144

EI B = 3.11
3 11
EI C = 2.71

EI = 6.77
6 77

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 2.44t .m

2.78

M BA = 0.36
0 36t .m

M BC = 0.36t .m

M CB = 2.78t .m

00.36
36
0.36

M DC = 1.88t .m

2.44

M CD = 2.78
2 78t .m

2.8

1.88

2.78

Example
Drawthebendingmomentdiagram.EIconstant

Before we start let us discus the relative

displacement () of each span

The relative displacement () for span AB

is equal AB 0. = AB (clockwise)

BC = 1+ 2
CD

The relative displacement () for span BC is equal

( 2) 1 = (1+ 2) = BC (counterclockwise)
The relative displacement () for span CD
is equal 0. (CD)= CD (clockwise)

So in the slope deflection equations we will use;

as the relative displacement of span AB.
1.163 as the relative displacement of span BC.
as the relative displacement of span CD.

Let us build a relationship between AB, BC & CD

take AB =
BC = 2(AB cos) = 2 5/8.6 = 1.163
CD = AB =

AB
CD

AB

2
1

BC

1 = 2 & CD = AB because of
the symmetry in the geometry

Fixed End Moment

FEM AB = FEM BA = 0.
4 72
FEM BC =
= 16.33
16 33kN .m
12
FEM CB = 16.33kN .m
FEM CD = FEM DC = 0.

Slope Deflection Equations

I

+

M AB = 2E
0.

3
B

+ 0
8
8.6
6
8.6
8
6

I

+

M BA = 2E
2

0
3
B

+ 0
8.6
8.6

2
6
EI B
EI
86
8.6
73.96
73 96
4
6
=
EI B
EI
8.6
73.96

4
2
6.978
I
1.163
=
EI

+
EI

+
EI 16.33

M BC = 2E 2 B + C 3
16.33
B
C

7
7
49
7
7

2
4
6.978
I
1.163
M CB = 2E 2C + B 3
+
16
16.33
33
=
EI

+
EI

+
EI + 16.33
16 33

B
C
7
7
7
49
7

 I

M CD = 2E
2

+
0

3
C

+ 0
8.6
8.6

I

+

M DC = 2E
0

3
C

+ 0
8
8.6
6
8.6
8
6

4
6
EI C
EI
8.6
73.96
2
6
=
EI C
EI
86
8.6
73.96
73 96
=

Equilibrium Equations
Joint B MB = 0
M BA + M BC = 0
4
6
4
2
6.978
EI B
EI + EI B + EI C +
EI 16.33 = 0
8.6
73.96
7
7
49
103.65EI B + 28.57 EI C + 6.13EI = 1633
1

Joint C MC = 0
M CB + M CD = 0
2
4
6.978
4
6
EI B + EI C +
EI + 16.33 +
EI C
EI = 0
7
7
49
8.6
73.96
28.57 EI B + 103.65EI C + 6.13EI = 1633
2

Third equation FX = 0

M BA

6HA HD =0

Free body diagram for column AB

Free body diagram for Beam BC
V B 7 + ( M BC + M CB ) 4 7 3.5
3 5=0
V A =V B

( M BC + M CB ) + 14
=

7m

H A 7 + ( M BA + M AB ) +V A 5 = 0

HA A
M AB

M BC

VA

M BA + M AB ) 5 ( M BC + M CB )
(
H A =

+ 14
7
7
7

4kN/m

VB

VC

H D 7 + ( M CD + M DC ) V D 5 = 0

V C 7 ( M BC + M CB ) 4 7 3.5 = 0
V D =V C

M BC + M CB )
(
=
+ 14
7

7m

From the free body diagram for column CD

5m

M CB

M CD

M DC

5
5m

VD

HD

H D =

( M CD + M DC ) + 5 ( M BC + M CB ) + 14

Q6 H A H D = 0

6 49 + 7 ( M BA + M AB ) 5 ( M BC + M CB ) + 7 ( M CD + M DC ) 5 ( M BC + M CB ) = 0

7 ( M BA + M AB ) + 7 ( M CD + M DC ) 10 ( M BC + M CB ) = 294
6
4
6
6
2
2
7
EI B
EI +
EI B
EI + 7
EI C
EI
8.6
73.96
8.6
73.96
8.6
73.96

4
6
2
6.978

4
EI C
EI 10 EI B + EI C +
EI 16.33
+
8.6
73.96
7
49

7
2
4
6 978
6.978

+ EI B + EI C +
EI + 16.33 = 294
7
7
49

3.688EI B 3.688EI C 5.12EI = 294

Solving the three equation

103.65 28.57 6.13 EI B 1633

28.57
28 57 103.65
103 65 6.13
6 13 EI C = 1633

3.688 3.688 5.12 EI 294

EI B = 18.897

EI C = 24.603
24 603
EI = 61.532

Substituting in slope deflection equations

M AB = 0.6kN .m

M BA = 3.8
3 8kN .m
16.43
M BC = 3.8kN .m

38
3.8

M CB = 16.43kN .m

16.43

3.8

14.4

M CD = 16.43
16 43kN .m

M DC = 10.71kN .m
0.6

10.71