2012 International Conference on Communication Systems and Network Technologies

Compact Planar UWB Patch Antenna with Integrated Bandpass Filter& Band Notched characteristics
Shilpa Jangid#1, Mithilesh Kumar#2
#

Department of ElectronicsEngineering, Rajasthan Technical University Akelgrah, Rawatbhata Road, Kota(Raj.)-324010

1

shilpa.jangid08@gmail.com, 2 mith_kr@yahoo.com

Abstract-In this paper, a band-notched planar Ultra wideband (UWB) patch antenna with integrated bandpass filter for UWB systems is presented.It is designed on a dielectricsubstrate and fed by a 50 microstrip line, antenna consists of a square slot patch with a vertical coupling stripmonopole, anda partial ground plane and feeding line with band pass filter has been demonstrated to provide an ultra wide 10dB return loss bandwidth and insertion loss with satisfactory radiation properties.The parameters that affect the performance of the antenna in terms of its frequency domain characteristics are investigated.The proposed antenna is easy to integrate with microwave circuitry for low manufacturing cost. The proposed antenna has a compact structure and the total size is 1514.5mm2. The antenna design is simulated on electromagnetic (EM) simulation software using FR-4 substrate with dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm.The simulated antenna has operating frequency band of 3.098-10.61 GHz and show the band-notch characteristic in the UWB band to avoid interferences, which is caused by WLAN (5.155.825 GHz) and WiMAX (5.255.85 GHz) systems. The simulation result shows the close agreement. The antenna structure is flat, and its design is simple and straightforward geometrically small, hence embedded easily in wireless communication systems.

KeywordsBandpass filter, band notched, planar antenna, ultra wideband (UWB) antenna,partial ground plane.

energy into a narrow solid angle compared with an omnidirectional antenna; and generally, it requires being relatively large compared to the omni-directional one. Before the 1990's, all the proposed UWB antennas were based on general volumetric structures [6]. UWB have wide applications in short range and high speed wireless systems, such as ground penetrating radars, medical imaging system, high data rate wireless local area networks (WLAN), communication systems for military and short pulse radars for automotive even or robotics. The antenna is one of the crucial components, which determine the performance of UWBsystem [7]. To undertake the effect caused by the frequency interference from WLAN (5.155.825 GHz) and WiMAX (5.255.85 GHz) systems, some UWB antennas with band-notched feature have been designed[8]. In the past, one serious limitation of the microstrip antenna was its narrow bandwidth characteristics, being 15 to 50% that of commonly used antenna elements such as dipoles, slots, and waveguides horns [9]. This limitation was successfully removed achieving a matching impedance bandwidth ratio it was necessary to increase the size, height, volume or feeding and matching techniques [10] Generally, UWB communication antennas require low voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR<2), constant phase center, constant group delay, and constant gain over entire operating frequency band [11]. In this paper, an UWB patch antenna is presented. The planar UWB patch antenna is integrated with UWB band pass filter of desired operating frequency range with bandnotch characteristic. The antenna consists of a square patch, a partial ground plane and feeding line with band pass filterand square slot with a coupling strip. This antenna is easy to integrate with microwave circuitry for low manufacturing cost. Optimum dimension of the antenna is obtained by simulating the design.In the Section II of this paper describes the antenna design. The computer simulation results are presented in sectionIII. Finally, the paper is concluded in Section IV. II. ANTENNA DESCRIPTION The proposed design of UWB antenna is simple and compact that introduces low distortions with large bandwidth.
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I.

INTRODUCTION

The Federal Communication Commission (FCC) releases ultra-wide band (UWB) from 3.1-10.6 GHz in 2002 for the use of indoor and hand-held systems.UWB antennas have enormous attention in both academia and industry for applications in wireless transmission systems. An UWB system sends very low power pulses, below the transmission noise threshold [1-2]. Impulse-Ultra wideband (I-UWB) is a carrier less short range communications technology in which its transmission occupies a bandwidth of more than 20% of its center frequency (>500 MHz) [3].Antenna also plays an essential role in UWB systems. Ideally, the UWB antenna should be compact, planar, low cost and reliable [4]. From a systems point of view, the response of the antenna should cover the entire operating bandwidth, and the antenna should be non-responsive to signals outside the specified band [5]. A directional antenna concentrates the
978-0-7695-4692-6/12 $26.00 2012 IEEE DOI 10.1109/CSNT.2012.12

The configuration of a planar UWB antenna with the capabilityof rejecting frequencies within the 4.635.88 GHz band isillustrated in Fig. 1. It shows the whole geometry with detailed design parameters of the proposed UWB bandnotched antenna.

with a coupling strip parameters was optimized to get desired response. Therefore, the geometric parameters of theproposed structure can be adjusted to tune the return loss and bandwidth over wide range of frequency. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The overall goal of the proposed antenna design is to achieve good performance in the return loss below -10 dB. Suitable antenna geometry is needed for this reason. The proposed UWB antenna shows the simulated operating frequency band of 3.098-10.615 GHz, by implementing the bandpass filter structure on feeding line of the patch. The square slot with a coupling strip rejecting the frequency band of about 4.635.88GHz, so the effects due to the frequency interference can be avoided well. Fig. 2 shows the simulated return loss of the patch antenna after integration of the filter and band notch on the antenna structure.
without square slot and coupling strip with square slot and coupling strip

0 -5 -10 -15

s11 (dB)

-20 -25 -30 -35 -40 -45 0 2 4 6 8 10 12

frequency (GHz)

Fig. 1. Antenna configuration (a) front (b) back view

Fig. 1 illustrated the configuration of the proposed antenna, which consists of a square patch, a partial ground plane, and a feed-line integrated with bandpass filter. The antenna structure was designed on FR-4 substrate having dielectric constant of 4.4 and thickness of 1.6 mm. The design was simulated using EM Simulation software.The substrate dimension is 3030mm2.The design antenna has the following optimized parameters: w = 15mm, h = 14.5mm, =1.5mm, =1mm, =10.8mm, =2.8mm, =6.2mm, =2.4mm, =1.5 mmthat is shown in Fig. 1. The gap between radiating patch and ground plane is 1.6mm. The dimension of slot is 8.49.3mm2 and coupling strip is 1.88.9mm2. The gap between the coupling strip and slot is 0.2mm.The antenna is fed using a 50 microstrip line whose width is calculated using the well-knownmicrostrip line design equations.The combination of square slot and coupling strip is used for stopband characteristics. The spacing between the slot patch and the ground plane shows the significant role on good impedance matching across the operating band. The coupling strip placed at the center of the slot patch can be devoted to generating desirable resonance for the stopband operation. The square radiating patch antenna with steps, a partial ground plane, feed line with integrated bandpass filter,and square slot

Fig. 2. Simulated return loss of the antenna with integrated band pass filter with notched band behavior.

Fig.3. Simulated insertion loss of the antenna with integrated band pass filter with notched band behavior.

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Fig. 3 shows the simulated insertion loss of the antenna with integrated band pass filter with notched band behavior.The transmit-receive antenna system can be considered as a twoport network. The transfer function can be measured in terms . The simulated parameter contains the effect of of allthe important system parameters as gain, impedance matching, polarization matching, path loss, and phase delay. It is actually the measured transfer function of the UWB communication channel.

impedance bandwidth. The simulated antenna gain versus frequency is plotted in Fig. 5. Lower performance for gain has been received over the stopband. The radiation patterns of the proposed monopole antenna at 5, 7 and 9 GHz along both E-plane and H-plane are simulated. Fig. 6 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna at 5 GHz. Fig. 7shows the radiation pattern of the antenna at 7 GHz. Fig. 8 shows the radiation pattern of the antenna at 9 GHz. From the UWB applications point of view the antenna is required to have an omnidirectional radiation pattern.

Fig. 4. Simulated VSWR of the antenna with integrated band pass filter with notched band behavior.

7 6 5 4

(a)

Gain (dBi)

3 2 1 0 -1 2 4 6 8 10 12

Frequency (GH z)
Fig. 5 Simulated antenna gain of the proposed antenna

Fig. 4shows the simulated result of VSWR against frequency (GHz). The VSWR of the antenna is closely related to the return loss. VSWR values from 1 to 2 throughout the frequency region except from 4.63 GHz to 5.88 GHz. Since UWB characteristic requires the VSWR to range from 1 to 2, the frequency region from 4.63 GHz to 5.88 GHz for the measured result does not agree with the UWB characteristic. Based on the simulated results, the proposed antenna exhibits good UWB characteristics and operates from 3.098 GHz to 10.615 GHz, having fractional bandwidth of 108.44%.It complies with the VSWR range from 1 to 2 throughout the

(b)
Fig 6 Simulated radiation patterns of the antenna in (a) E-plane (b) H-plane at f=5GHz

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(a)

(a)

(b)
Fig 7 Simulated radiation patterns of the antenna in (a) E-plane (b) H-plane at f=7 GHz

(b)
Fig 8 Simulated radiation patterns of the antenna in (a) E-plane (b) H-plane at f=9 GHz

Radiation pattern of the antenna at frequency 5, 7 and 9 GHz shows that the radiation pattern is quite stable as the frequency changes with a nearly omnidirectional radiation patterns across its operational bandwidth.Figs.6, 7 and 8 show the simulated E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns at different frequencies, which show good agreement.It can be observed that in both planes the antenna exhibitstwo independent orthogonal linear polarizations, which correspond to the separate x-directed and y-directed currents on the antenna ground plane.Nearly good omnidirectional patterns have been observed.

IV. CONCLUSIONS A planar ultra wideband patch antenna with integrated bandpass filter is presented with 3.098 10.615 GHz frequency range, and rejecting the frequency band of about 4.635.88GHz. The antenna size is 1514.5 mm2.The measured results of the proposed antenna satisfy the 10-dB return-loss requirement for UWB as defined by the FCC.The antenna structure is flat, small, and its design is simple and straightforward. The proposed UWB antenna structure can be used in future UWB systems. It can tackle the frequency interference from WLAN and WIMAX.

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The proposed antenna can easily and flexibly adjust its stopband property so that better radiation performance can be achieved. With the help of this tunable stopband, frequency interference issues may be better addressed as well. Furthermore, properties such as good omnidirectional coverage, stable transmission characteristics indicate that the proposed compact antenna is well suitable for integration into UWB portable devices. REFERENCES
[1] M. K. A. Rahim, M. N. A. Karim, T. Masri, A. Asrokin, "Comparison between Straight and U shape of Ultra Wide Band Microstrip Antenna using Log Periodic Technique" in IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband 2007, 24-26 September 2007, pp. 696 - 699. [2] Mohammad HadiBadjian, Chandan Kumar Chakrabarty, Goh Chin Hock, and Sanjay Devkumar, An Impulse UWB Patch Antenna with Integrated Bandpass Filter in IEEE 2008 6th National Conference on Telecommunication Technologies and IEEE 2008 2nd Malaysia Conference on Photonics, 26-27 August 2008, Putrajaya, Malaysia.. [3] G.Brzezina, Q. Ye, L.Roy, "Development of a Practical Ultra-Wideband Antenna with Planar Circuit Integration Possibilities" in IEEE Antenna and PropogationSoc.Int.Symp. 2005, 3-8 July 2005, pp. 504- 507. [4] Lee Chia Ping, Chandan Kumar Chakrabarty, Rozanah Amir Khan, Enhanced Bandwidth of Impulse-Ultra Wideband (I-UWB) Slotted Rectangular Patch Antenna with Partial Ground Plane, IJECCT 2010, Vol. 1 (1) [5] M. Kumar, A. Basu, and S. K. Koul, UWB Printed Slot antenna with improved performance in time and frequency domain, in Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 18, pp. 197-210, 2011 [6] H. Schantz, "A Brief History of UWB Antennas", in IEEE Aerospace and Elctronic Systems Magazine, vol. 19, issue 4, April 2004, pp. 22-26. [7] RezaulAzim, Ahmed ToahaMobashsher, Mohammad TariqulIslamandNorbahiah Misran Compact Planar Antenna for UWB Applications in ICMMT 2010 Proceedings. [8] Hsien-Wen Liu, Chia-Hao Ku, Te-Shun Wang, and Chang-Fa Yang, Compact Monopole Antenna with Band-Notched Characteristic for UWB Applications, IEEE Antenna and Wireless Propogation Letters, Vol. 9, 201 [9] M. A. Peyrot Solis, G. M. Galvan-Tejada, H. Jardon-Aguilar, "State of the Art in Ultra-Wideband Antennas," in 2PndP International IEEE Conference on Electrical & Electronics and XI Conference on Electrical Engineering, 7-9 September 2005, pp. 101-105. [10] R. Garg, P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, A. Ittipiboon, "Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook," Ed. Artech House, 2001, ch. 9, pp. 53 [11] NuurulHudaa M. Sobli and Hany E. Abd-El-Raouf, Design of a Compact Band-Notched Antenna for Ultrawideband Communication,IEEEAntennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, September 2008. Pp. 1-4.

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