Gravity Force of Attraction

Gravity Force of Attraction

What is gravity? Denition: Force of attraction between two
objects due to their masses.

All Matter Is Affected By Gravity

Does all matter experience gravity?

All Matter Is Affected By Gravity

All objects are constantly being pulled Why do you not feel the effects?
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toward each other. What force causes this pull?

All Matter Is Affected By Gravity

How are all objects around us affected by
the mass of the Earth?

The Law of Universal Gravitation

Why do all objects fall toward Earth? What keeps the planets in motion in the
sky? Treated as separate questions

The Law of Universal Gravitation

Isaac Newton (1642-1727) British Scientist

The Law of Universal Gravitation

Because of Newton we know have the Law
of Universal Gravitation which relates: Distance Mass Gravitational Force

The Law of Universal Gravitation

What kind of objects are subject to the
Law of Universal Gravitation?

The Law of Universal Gravitation

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The Law of Universal Gravitation

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Friction

Friction
Friction: A force that opposes motion. Always exists between two surfaces. No such thing as a frictionless
environment.

Even in space.

Friction
Kinds of Friction Static - The friction between two objects
that are stationary (not moving!) objects that are moving.

Kinetic - The friction between two Rolling, Sliding, Fluid (Air Resistance)

Friction

Which type of friction is greater, static or

kinetic? Why?

Friction

http://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=VMleQwil_KQ&feature=youtu.be

Friction
Nobody is sure why friction acts the way it
does...

Some theories state that there are tiny

imperfections in surfaces that cause friction.

Some theories state that there is an

electrostatic attraction between the two objects.

Friction

Friction
Friction always acts in the direction
will be exactly 180 opposite. opposite to the motion of the object.

The direction of the force due to friction Friction is also proportional to the
normal force, which is how we'll be able to calculate it....

Friction
F = F F = Force of Friction (Newtons) F = normal force (Newtons) =Greek letter mu, coefcient of
f N f N

friction between two surfaces (no units)

s

= Static; k = Kinetic

Friction
Obviously, some surfaces have less friction
than others

A rubber hockey puck against ice has less That's why there are also two
measurements of friction (static & kinetic) for any combination of surfaces.

friction than a car tire on an asphalt road.

Friction
The static friction that you calculate is a F
f static

measurement of the maximum it can be. It can be any value up to or equal to that maximum amount. s FN

The kinetic friction is the value of the

friction.

Friction

Friction
Example: A 12kg piece of wood is placed
on top of another piece of wood. There is 35N of maximum static friction measured between them. Determine the coefcient of static friction between the two pieces of wood.

Friction
Example: I have a steel box (mass of 10 kg) sitting on a steel workbench. I try to push the box out of the way...

a) Sketch a diagram of the box with vectors showing all forces acting on the box and their direction (free body diagram). b) I push against the box with a force of 25 N. Determine if anything will happen. c) Determine what will happen if I push with a force of 73 N. d) If I push with a force of 100 N , determine if anything will happen.