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EXAM REVIEW EXERCISES 1

by Gregory Jerkiewicz

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 1 A 100 W electric heater (1 W = 1 Js1) operates for 10.0 min to heat the gas in a cylinder. At the same time, the gas expands from 2.00 L to 10.00 L against a constant atmospheric pressure of 0.975 atm. What is the change in internal energy of the gas?

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 2 Indicate whether each of the following statements about a process in a closed system with a constant volume is always true, always false, or true in certain conditions (specify the conditions): (a) U = 0; (b) w = 0; (c) w < 0; (d) U = q; (e) U = w.

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 3 The enthalpy of combustion of benzoic acid, C6H5COOH (M = 122.12 g mol1), which is often used to calibrate calorimeters, is 3227 kJmol1. When 1.453 g of benzoic acid was burned in a calorimeter, the temperature increased by 2.265C. What is the heat capacity of the calorimeter?

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 4 The oxidation of nitrogen in the hot exhaust of jet engines and automobiles occurs by the reaction: N2(g) + O2(g) 2 NO(g) H = +180.6 kJ. (a) How much heat is absorbed in the formation of 1.55 mol NO? (b) How much heat is absorbed in the oxidation of 5.45 L of nitrogen measured at 1.00 atm and 273 K? (c) When the oxidation of N2 to NO was completed in a bomb calorimeter, the heat absorbed was measured as 492 J. What mass of nitrogen gas was oxidized?

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 5 One step in the production of hydrogen as a fuel is the reaction of methane with water vapor (catalyzed by Ni): CH4(g) + H2O(g) CO2(g) + 3 H2(g) H = 318 kJ

What is the change in internal energy for the production of 1.00 mol H2?

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 6 Benzoic acid (M = 122.12 g mol1) has a known internal energy of combustion (3251 kJmol1). When a bomb calorimeter was calibrated by burning 0.825 g of benzoic acid in oxygen, the temperature rose 1.94C. A 0.727 g sample of the sugar d-ribose (C5H10O5, M = 150.13 g mol1) was then burned in excess oxygen in the same calorimeter, forming gaseous CO2 and liquid H2O. The temperature of the calorimeter rose from 21.81C to 22.72C. (a) Write a balanced equation for the combustion. (b) Calculate the internal energy change, U, for the combustion of 1.00 mol ribose molecules.

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 7 Determine the enthalpy for the partial combustion of methane to carbon monoxide, 2 CH4(g) + 3 O2(g) 2 CO(g) + 4 H2O(l), from Hc(CH4,g) = 890 kJmol1 and Hc(CO,g) = 283.0 kJmol1.

Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Exercise 8 Use the bond enthalpies in the Tables below to estimate the reaction enthalpy for: (a) HCl(g) + F2(g) HF(g) + ClF(g) (b) C2H4(g) + HCl(g) CH3CH2Cl(g) (c) C2H4(g) + H2(g) CH3CH3(g) given that HB(ClF) = 256 kJ mol1

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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Solution

Exam Review 2012 GJ Exercises 1

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