POST EXAM 2

If you want your product to be easy to find in the supermarket then you should make its container: Any of the above (noticeable shape, color, and size) Early selection is most likely to occur for: A red N among black Ms In the Stroop task, there is interference between: The voluntary response to the ink and the automatic response to the word. In a lexical decision task, when the target is a dog name, e.g. collie, iti is usually preceded by the prime CAR but is sometimes preceded by the prime DOG. Responses are faster to collie following CAR at a PIME target interval of 750 milliseconds Early selection for a re target is most likely to occur when: There is a single red letter in a multi colored display of otherwise non-red letters. So that he can shift attention between the radio and his talking gf when she is in the car, joe changes the radio station to: A male voice A sequence of sounds is presented one at a time that consists of 6% randomly distributed targets and 94% distracters. The probability of a miss increases as a function of time when targets are numbers and distracters are letters Suppose that arousal increases during the day, introverts shave higher levels of arousal than extraverts, and caffeine increases arousal: (All of the above: increase for extraverts during the day, decrease for introverts during the night, coffee performance varies throughout the day) The results of experiments on cell phone use while driving are: Talking on a cell phone interferes with driving Talking on a cell phone while driving: Increases the likelihood of missing a traffic signal Normally alcohol, a depressant, impairs performance on a perceptual-motor task such as driving a vehicle. However, for which of the following unusual conditions might alcohol actually improve performance? Driver is very upset and the driving task, a narrow winding road in the dark, is very difficult. The reason that the same set of ambiguous strokes is a B in one context and 13 in another context without awareness of the ambiguity is: The context primes only one structural description

Masking a prime, so that it is not seen, eliminates what processing stage or stages of recognition? Response and decision Which spelling error is most likely to be detected: Wark Which stage of processing does a masked prime influence? Comparison In a lexical decision task, DOH will be recognized fastest when preceded by the masked prime: DAB (because it shares the same initial consonant) Suppose that when DOG is presented for 30 milliseconds you see it, but when it is immediately preceded by XXX for- blah blah blah: DOG will still prime DOT The probability that someone will respond dog to the question name an animal will increase if: Dog is spoken a few minutes before the question to the person The probability that someone will respond carrot to the question, name the vegetable, will increase if: The word diamond is spoken a few minutes before the question to the person. IV is read as ivy or four in different contexts because: The context primes the appropriate description Because of the hold, they later went for two, is difficult to understand because: It lacks context A symptom of aphasia is an impairment in understanding: Spoken words, spoken sentences, written words and written sentences. The left hemisphere is specialized for vocalization in: Some songbirds (the only mammals it would apply to is humans) As a result of the evolution of organs supporting speech communication: The human vocal apparatus became longer and the tongue became rounder. Immediate repetition is a measure of working memory. A person can repeat a sentence of how many words? More than 13 In which condition is the 3-month-old infant most likely to kick to a mobile during test: Training with mobile A on days 1 and 3, texting with mobile A on day 9 In the mobile recognition paradigm the infant is connected to the mobile during: Training

The fireworks exploded as the scarecrow burned is difficult to understand because it: Lacks contextual information A symptom of aphasia is impairment in understanding: Both spoken and written language. To determine whether the infant remembers that she could move the mobile, her foot is not connected to the mobile during: Both baseline, to provide a pre-training measure of performance, and test, to provide a post-training measure. One factor that influences retention of the memory of a mobile that an infant has learned to move is: The age of the infant, the length of training sessions and the distribution of the training sessions. (all of the above). Betty and Bob are two 3-month-old infants who have learned to kick to a mobile. If they are both trained equally but Betty is older then she will remember the task longer. Whether an infant kicks to move a test mobile is a function of: Both similarity between the training and test and the retention interval. The retention interval following a reminder is: Nearly as long as following original learning The first aspect of language that n infant detect is: Its stress pattern. Which of the following characterizes early language learning? Cooing precedes babbling An infant is watching her mother cook. As the mother uses each utensil, the one she is most likely to name is: The novel one The vocabulary growth of a four year old is predicted by her: Ability to repeat nonwords. Which of the following is an early warning sign of autism in a toddler? The child does not look at the mothers face when the unexpected occurs Using words like camed and comed is a symptom of: Normal language learning In the Glass et al experiment with digits, which of the following resulted in good recognition performance an hour later after intervening list trials? Repeating a pattern of digit as a whole For the number 2018769534, which digits are you most likely to immediately recall? 9534

In an immediate recall task, decreasing the rate of item presentation, hence increasing the possibility of distributed rehearsal, should have which effect? Increased primacy In the following study list, which word is most likely to be recalled? Tulip In a study by Bobrow & Bower (1969), which technique for learning word pairs resulted in the best recall? Generating ones own linking sentences Which list I easiest to learn? Cow horse pig tiger elephant rhinoceros bear wolf dear (its categorized according to farm animals, jungle animals, etc) Which of the following book titles would be most memorable? The Fire on the Mountain A student is using imagery to learn a list of words that is repeatedly presented. Performance will be best when: The words are all high imagery What is true about learning high imagery words and nameable pictures? Naming pictures and imaging words results in better memory. Each specific mnemonic: Is applicable to one kind of study material, e.g. numbers or words. Anterograde amnesia may be cause by: None of the above What is true about Korsakoffs Syndrome? Alcoholism must be combined with poor thiamine diet to cause Korsakoffs Syndrome Anterograde amnesia is caused by: Alcohol Alcoholics Korsakoffs syndrome is prevented by: A diet rich in thiamine What might a patient with medial temporal or diencephalon amnesia be able to learn how to do? Play golf, play the piano and play video games. Suppose you ask someone with medial temporal amnesia to remember the word giant. A few minutes later, she may say Giants when asked to name a football team. Tangles and plaques in the brain are a symptom of: Alzheimers disease. You ask a person with Alzheimers disease to remember the word giant. When asked to generate the names of football teams, he would not show an increased probability of saying Giants after a short filled delay.

Deterioration of different parts of the basal ganglia may result in: Parkinsons disease or Huntingtons disease. A severe impairment of Huntingtons disease is in: Verbal recall A change in criterion results in a change: In both hits and false alarms. To measure recognition, Both hits and false alarms must be counted. In imdiate recognition of small sets, RT increases linearly as a function of study set size: For both targets and distracters in the high PI condition When an observer is asked to respond whether a probe was a emmebr of a just presented list of items, if she makes her reponse based on the perceived recency of the probe then: RT is not a linear function of study-list size for either targets or distracters. To measure recognition, Either hits or misses and either correction rejections or false alarms must be counted An accurate perceiver of a stimulus will be a person who has: A high number of hits and a low number of false alarms Raising the response criterion results in: Bother fewer hits and fewer false alarms. The amnesia production drug Midazolam was given to participants learning a list of high and low frequency words. Compared with normal performance, later, the results of a recognition tests were: The difference in hits. High school students and college students were shown, one at a time, 100 pictures of indoor scenes and 100 pictures of outdoor scenes cut from magazines at the rate of one picture every 5 seconds. An hour later, each student was shown a sequence of 100 pairs of pictures, each including one study item and one distracter, and asked to select the study item: Recognition performance was perfect or almost perfect You are a waiter without a pad and pencil. From 8 to 10, when you must remember dinner orders until you get into the kitchen, the number of errors you make [blank]. However, at 10pm you only have to remember drink orders, the number of errors [blank] increases, decreases. In a distracter task, the word trigrams on trials 1-4 have been beetle-chickenbeaver, wolf-ostrich-ant, penguin-spider-bear, wasp-robin-bat. What recall cue will increase recall of the fourth trigram? Flying Suppose that you are asked to report all the different girls names you can think of in ten minutes. You will report the most names during: The first minute.

Suppose a person was asked to generate names of professional football teams. An effective cue would be: Thinking of secondary cues like the names of fierce animals that might be used as names In trying to recall a list of related items, e.g. states of the U.S., what is the effect of presenting some of the targets as cues? Recall of the remaining targets decreases. Recall of the remaining target decreases. After seeing 50 pictures of familiar objects an observer is asked to recall the list once a day for a week. Recall is highest on day seven. A person who wakes up having forgotten the last week of his life but who otherwise retains is his identity and long-term memory: Is suffering from organic retrograde amnesia. immediately after a narrative of a real event. The effect of hypnosis on recall is: To lower the response criterion, thus increasing both hits and false alarms. A false memory is the result of: Normal encoding and retrieval processes Material from which course are you most likely to remember 10 years from now? Major Based In the findings of studies of very long term memory, what would you expect about your future recall of information in the subject area of your major. Even 50 years after graduation, youll remember a significant amount. Evidence from studies of flashbulb memories suggests that a unique event: Is usually remembered accurately for about a year. Traumatic events: Are remembered no more accurately than mundane events but are remembered longer. Memories of events early in life cannot be recalled later because: Language is insufficient for autobiographical memory. One difference between a fugue state and organic retrograde amnesia (RA) is that: A person may confabulate his identity only in a fugue state. When there is frontal in addition to temporal damage, in addition to forgetting, and individual also suffers from: Confabulation.