Kosovo - Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 - Performance Report

PROVISIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF SELF GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL WELFARE
.UNMIK
PISG
DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT PROMOTION
PERFORMANCE REPORT
2006/2007
KOSOVO
06/2006-06/2007
MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report
Editors: Julius Krause Senior Policy Advisor, MLSW / DLE GTZ / CIM Julius.Krause@ks-gov.net Shpetim Kalludra Chief for Labour Market Analysis Section , MLSW / DLE Shpetim.Kalludra@ks-gov.net
Labour Market Analysis Section Department of Labour and Employment Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Responsible: Ylber Shabani, Director General Department of Labour and Employment Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Rruga e Tiranes p.n. 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
Table of Contents
0. Executive Summary ........................................................................................... 09 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................... 11 2. Registered Unemployment ................................................................................ 12 2.1. Skills and ...................................................................... 12 Unemployment 2.2. Age and Unemployment 2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment 2.4. Gender and Unemployment 2.5. Regional ........................................................................ 13 ................................................................. 13 .................................................................. 14 ........................................................................ 14 ................................... 15
Developments 2.6. Unemployment Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities 3. Employment Mediation 3.1. Va cancies 3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector 3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills 3.1.3. Vacancies by 3.2. Region Plac
..................................................................................... 17 .............................................................................................. 17 .................................................................. 17 ................................................................... 18 ................................................................. 19
........................................................................................... 19 ............................................................... 20 .................................................................. 20 ................................................................... 21 ............................................................ 22 .............................................................. 22
ements 3.2.1. Placements by Sector 3.2.2. Placements by Skills 3.2.3. Placements by Age 3.2.4. Placements by Ethnicity 3.2.5. Placements by Gender
3.2.6. Placements by Region 4. Vocational Training 4.1. Training by Skills 4.2. Training by Age 4.3. Training by Ethnicity 4.4. Training by Gender 4.5. Training by
.............................................................. 23
.......................................................................................... 24 ................................................................................... 24 ..................................................................................... 25 .............................................................................. 25 ................................................................................ 25 ................................................................................ 26
Region 5. Rsum ............................................................................................................. 27 6. References 7. ANNEX 7.1. ......................................................................................................... 28 ............................................................................................................. 29 Definitions and ........................................................................ 29
Terminology 7.1.1. Abbreviations ..................................................................................... 29 7.1.2. Definitions ........................................................................................... 30 7.1.3. ISCED Details ..................................................................................... 32 7.2. Unemployment ............................................................................... 33 Overview 7.2.1. Unemployment Research 7.2.2. Municipal Unemployment ............................................................ 33 ............................................................ 33 ............................................................... 34
7.3.
Employment Service
Performance 7.4. Labour Demand
........................................................................................ 37
MAP OF KOSOVO
7
Department of Labour and Employment Employment Offices Vocational Training Centres in Kosovo
Executive Summary
In total 332775 persons registered as unemployed with the Kosovan public employment services until the end of 06/2007 representing a 12 months increase of 2,9%.

About 90% of the registered unemployed are long-term unemployed. 46,7% of the registered unemployed are women. The number of female registrations increased by 3,2% over the last 12 months. Male registrations increased by about 2,7%. 59,6% of the registered unemployed refer to the educational level unskilled. The unemployed out of this skill group face an 12-months increase rate of 3,4%. With 13,5% the highest increase rate in registrations refers to unemployed with a university degree. At the same time unemployed on this skills level realise the highest inflow and outflow rates, indicating the highest dynamics of labour demand and supply resulting in the lowest share of long term unemployment, which is 58% on a calculative average.
Compared to further age groups, the youngest unemployed (15-24) face the highest inflow rate and an under proportional outflow rate - resulting the highest increase in registrations, which in 06/2007 was 3,6% cumulated over 12 months. The inclusion of minorities to employment services offered by DLE shows ambivalent results: Registered minorities still realize a higher average monthly inflow rate (1,2%) respectively acceptance, than Kosovo-Albanians (0,7%). Regarding the outflow of unemployed minorities, for the first time the outcome is under proportional. 20,5% of all registered unemployed refer to the employment offices in the region of Prishtin/ Pritina and 19,1% refer to the region of Mitrovic/Mitrovica. While the 12 months cumulated number of registered unemployed increased by about 1,3% in the region of Mitrovica, the offices in the regions of Gjakova and Prizren faced an increase of 4,1%. On the average, one employment officer has to care for 1802 registered unemployed, what is 12 times more, than on the European average. With 1156 unemployed per officer, the employment offices in the region of Gjilan/Gnjilane face the most comfortable situation, while the officers in Mitrovic/Mitrovica suffer from the far worst unemployment-to-staff ratio of 2428-to-1 in 6/2007. Cumulated over the last 12 months until 06/2007, the Kosovan employment services acquired 7408 vacancies, representing a vacancy-registration rate of 2,3% - and a decrease in vacancies offered by about 18% compared to the 12-months results at 06/2006. Statistically every month more than 526 unemployed have to compete for 1 vacancy offered. While about 30 unemployed with a university degree compete for 1 vacancy on the monthly average, statistically this relation is about 909-to-1 for unskilled unemployed.
63% (+3) of the vacancies offered referred to private sector - and 37% to the public sector.
10
About 62% of all vacancies referred to the tertiary sector (services). The secondary sector (production) increased its share on all vacancies offered from 23% to about 30%.
Within the last 12 months until 06/2007, the public employment services mediated 6265 unemployed into new jobs, representing a placement rate of 1,9%. Compared to the 12-months results at 06/2006, the placements decreased by about 16%. The private sector economy increased its share on all placements from 59% to 71%. Regarding the 12-months cumulated placements in absolute figures, the private sector increased by about 1,2% - while the public sector showed a decrease of 41%.
62% of the 12-months cumulated placements until 06/2007 referred to the tertiary sector. The secondary sector (production) could again increase its share from 25% to 27%.
The share of male unemployed placed in new jobs increased from 74% to 72% representing a placement rate of 2,6%. At the same time the female share on all placements increased from 26% to about 28%, representing a placement rate of 1,1%. With a 12-months placement rate of 16,1%, unemployed with a university degree still face the most comfortable situation in comparison to unemployed on further skills levels. The unskilled unemployed reached a (decreasing) placement rate of 1,3%. While unskilled female unemployed reached a placement rate 0,4%, it was 2,4% for unskilled male. The placements are negative correlated to the age: The elder the age group, the lower the placement rate. The youngest unemployed (15-24) reached the highest 12-months placement rate of 2,4% in 06/2007 however, decreasing from 3,5% in 06/2006. Regarding the different ethnicities, the placement rate of registered Kosovan minorities is about 1,7%. Registered Albanians reached a placement rate of 1,9%. Cumulated over the last 12 months, 3116 registered unemployed entered a vocational training until 06/2007, representing an activation rate of less than 1%. Compared to the 12 months results at 06/2006, the training capacities (again) decreased by almost 14%. The activation rate of female unemployed decreased from about 0,9% in 06/2005 to 0,8% in 06/2006. The activation rate of male unemployed decreased from 1,6% to 1,4%. Although decreasing from 2,3% in 06/2006, unemployed in the age of 15-24 years again reached the highest activation rate (1,5%) and the highest proportion (46%) regarding the 12months cumulated number of training participants until 06/2007. Unemployed on the three upper skills levels again realize activation rates far above the Kosovan average, while the activation rates of the three lower skills levels remain far below. Although unskilled persons represent almost 60% of all unemployed they only cover 25% of the training capacities, respectively a 12-months activation rate of 0,4%. Unemployed on the educational level university profit from the highest and only increasing activation rate (4,4%).
11
1. Introduction
In continuation of previous years, this Performance Report addresses the issues of labour and employment in Kosovo. Special attention is paid to the procedures and outcomes of active employment promotion as carried out by the Department of Labour and Employment (DLE) of the Kosovan Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (MLSW) - respectively its Employment Division (ED) and its Vocational Training Division (VTD). The report presents - as far as possible the socio-demographical structure as well as the development of the registered unemployment, the employment mediation and the vocational training. Different from the annual report, the performance report 2006/2007 hardly refers to external figures. The focus is set on the development of internal figures and internal performance indicators - mainly by comparing the 12-months cumulated figures and developments in 06/2007 to the 12-months results at 06/2007! The figures used in this report refer to data collections carried out by the statistical officers of the Municipal Employment Offices (MEO) and the respective Regional Employment Centres (REC). On account of this, the DLE developed data forms, covering registrations, vacancies, placements and vocational training, as far as possible differentiated by gender, skills, age, ethnicity, region, sector of activity, sector by owner etc. The DLE statistical officers proved, compiled and processed the data in order to prepare monthly reports, which are the basis for both the annual reporting and the herewith presented Performance Report 2006/2007. The main objective of this report is to support the decision making process and the policy design within the MLSW, particularly by the Minister and its advisors, the Permanent Secretary, the DLE Director as well as the heads of the ED and the VTD. Further on it aims to provide transparent information about the development of labour and employment in Kosovo to Kosovan and international stakeholders as well as to the interested public, by
presenting and analysing the structure and facets of unemployment in Kosovo and its regions in particular regarding the socio-demographical aspects gender, skills, age and ethnicity. analysing vacancies offered and placements realized, through the Kosovan employment services, regarding the socio-demographical aspects as well as the structural aspects of the demand side, such as the sectors by activity and by owner. highlighting the structure of participants and the outcome of the vocational training as a measure to enhance the employability of registered unemployed. referring - wherever possible the analysis to internationally accepted and comparable indicators as defined by Eurostat, ILO or European common practice.
12
Considering labour and employment - and its promotion - as a most serious topic regarding the state of the Kosovan development as well as the welfare of the Kosovan people, dont hesitate to contact us on this issue.
2. Registered Unemployment
In total 332775 persons registered as unemployed with the Kosovan public employment services until the end of 06/2007 representing an 12 months increase rate of 2,9% (fig. 1). 3.70%
2.86% 6.30% Fig. 1: Increase Rates Registrations
Regarding declining rates since 06/2005, the actual rate displays an ongoing digressive tendency in the growth of unemployment. Current results are mainly caused by a reduced inflow to unemployment, which over-compensates a parallel declining outflow from unemployment, regarding 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 the 12-months cumulated development from 06/2006 to 06/2007 (compare table 1).
06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 12-months Inflow IR monthly average 12 months Outflow OR monthly average 12 months Increase 29471 0,81% 11537 0,32% 6,3% 31624 0.83 % 20155 0.53 % 3,7% 26323 0.67% 16970 0.43% 2.9%
Table 1: Unemployment 06/2007
Although progress is partially visible (particularly regarding the longer term tendencies since 06/2005), the overall tendency of the labour market is still determined by relatively low inflow and outflow rates, indicating continuously limited dynamics and capacities of the Kosovan economy in terms of job-creation and the reintegration of unemployed to employment. Long-term unemployment
Registered Unemployed ISCED 06/2007 0-2 3 3a 3c 4 198364 13911 29705 85818 2245 2732 12 12 I R on O R on Months Months monthly monthly Inflow Outflow average average 7411 451 1238 6458 617 795 0.59% 0.44% 0.48% 0.82% 1.99% 3.56% 0.32% 0.27% 0.35% 0.63% 2.25% 2.52% 726 1714 547 1121
subsequently remains the core problem: With a calculative proportion (see annex definitions) of about 84% long term unemployed in a best case scenario and 90% on the average, current figures confirm the outcomes as shown in the Labour and Employment Annual Report 2006 (see references).
.Skills .Unskilled .Semi-skilled .Skilled .2nd. school .High school
% 4.2% 8.9% 0.7% 0.8%
59.6% 13882
25.8% 8333
.University 5a+ Table 2: Unemployment by Skills
2.1. Skills and Unemployment

Comparing the skills levels, with about 198 thousand persons, or almost 60%, the group of the unskilled in 06/2007 again represents the highest proportion out of the total number of unemployed. Similar to previous reporting periods, the unskilled unemployed also represent the highest share and number of cumulated new registrations over the last 12 months (13882 persons) however, showing a decrease in the total number of new registrations by about -12% compared to the 12-months results in 06/2006 (table 2). In both dimensions the unskilled are just followed by unemployed on the skills level secondary school, representing nearly 26% of all regisuni Fig. 2: Increase registration by skills trations and 32% out of the new registrations 1 3.5% showing as well a decrease in total figures, which is more than -25% compared to the 12 Un2nd. semiskilled months cumulated inflow in 06/2006. school skilled 3.4% skilled
2.0% 1 .6% 2.2%
13
high school -3.0%
Repeatedly there is no clear relation of skills levels and the increase of unemployment: After a long term decreasing tendency, the highest increase rate again refers to unemployed with a university degree (fig. 2). Nevertheless, the higher educated unemployed, with a higher school or university degree, continuously realize both - far higher inflow rates (IR) and outflow rates (OR), than unemployed on the lower skills levels (tab. 2): The figures for unemployed on the higher educated skills levels indicate a relatively better situation regarding the labour market dynamics and a particularly much lower risk to remain long-term unemployed. The calculative share of long-term unemployed out of all unemployed with a university degree is 30% in a best case scenario and 58% on the average. Regarding the calculative proportion of long-term unemployment of all higher educated unemployed (incl. the skills levels higher school and university) it is 38% in a best case and 66% on the average (while it is, as shown above, 84% in a best case calculation and 90% on the average for all registered unemployed in Kosovo).
2.2. Age and Unemployment
Age 15-24
Total Registered 06/2007 97249
12 Months Inflow 8082
12 Months Outflow 4660
I R on monthly average 0.70%
O R on monthly average 0.41%
With the exception, that the youngest age group 146475 10905 7016 0.63% 0.40% 25-39 continuously faces the highest increase rate in 66421 5492 3356 0.70% 0.43% 40-54 registrations (fig. 3), different from previous re- 55-64 22630 1844 1938 0.68% 0.71% porting periods, there is no clear relation of age Table 3: Unemployment by Age and unemployment: Neither regarding the inflow nor the outflow from unemployment (tab. 3).
Fig. 3: 1 Months Increase Rate 2
3.6% 2.7% 3.3%
-0.4% 1 5-24 25-39 40-54 55-64
Contrasting the general tendency, the unemployed in the age of 40-54 years show a growing and over proportional inflow to unemployment as well as an accordingly growing increase rate in registrations (compare fig. 3 and DLE Performance Report 2005/2006). At the same
Ethnicity .K-Albanians .K-Serbs Registered 12 12 I R on O R on Unemployed Months Months monthly monthly 06/2007 % Inflow Outflow average average 303224 91.5 23278 15863 0.65% 0.44% 13063 29551 3.7 8.5 1757 3045 643 1107 1.17% 0.89% 0.43% 0.32%
time, as the only age group, unemployed in the age of 55-64 years again profit from a positive outflow-inflow relation and a subsequently decreasing number of registrations (see tab. 3, fig. 3).
.All Minorities Table 4: Unemployment by Ethnicity
2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment

Considereing the current state of the Kosovan labour administration, a presentation of registrations by ethnicity, with first priority aims at comparatively regarding the developments concerning the access of minorities to the Kosovan public employment services. The 12-months increase rate in registrations continuously displays higher results for registered minorities (7%), than for registered Kosovo-Albanians (2,5% - fig. 4). In addition the Kosovan minorities still reach significantly higher results regarding the average monthly inflow rates over a 12-months period until 06/2007 (see table 2). Fig. 4: 1 Months Increase Rate 2
byEthnicity
Different from former reporting periods, the 12-months cumulated outflow from unemployment for the first time shows lower results
Alb. 2.5%
Serbs 9.3%
All. Min. 7.0%
14
for Kosovo-Albanians than for Kosovan minorities (however showing almost equal results for Kosovo-Albanians and Kosovo-Serbs see table 4). On the one hand higher inflow and increase rates in this case positively indicate continuing progress in the inclusion of minorities as far it concerns the access to services offered by the Kosovan public employment offices. Lower and over proportionally declining outflow rates on the other hand indicate comparatively worse conditions respectively chances for Kosovan minorities on the labour market in general (particularly as far it concerns non-Serb minorities).
2.4. Gender and Unemployment

In total the current stock of registrations until 06/2007 consists of 155290 female and 177485 male unemployed. The number of female registrations increased by 3,2% over the last 12 months. During the same time 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 the number of registered male Female Male Female Male Female Male unemployed under proportio14191 15280 13160 18464 10972 15351 12 Months Inflow nally increased by about 2,7%. 0,85% 0,77% 0,74% 0.90% 0.60% 0.73% IR monthly average With 0,5 percentage points the 4273 7264 6584 13571 6224 10746 12 Months Outflow total gender gap in the increa0,26% 0,37% 0.37% 0.66% 0.34% 0.51% se rates is significantly lower OR monthly average 9918 8016 6576 4893 4748 4605 than in 06/2006 (2,1). Due to a 12 Months Increase 7,4% 5,5% 4,6% 2,5% 3.2% 2.7% continuously higher relative 12 Months Increase rate 143987 168690 150542 172880 155290 177485 and total increase of female Unemployed 46,1% 53,9% 46.5% 53.5% 46.7% 53.3% registrations, the share of Proportion 6,9% 4,9% 1.40% 3.7% 2.9% female unemployed in 06/2007 12 Months Increase unskilled 8,5% 101933 83834 106897 84996 110885 87479 reached a level of now 46,7% Registered unskilled 54,9% 45,1% 55.7 44.3 55.9% 44.1% out of the current number of Proportion unskilled 9,8% 10% 6.6 7,4% 3.2% 4.0% registered unemployed in 12 Months Increase 15-24 42407 45333 45194 48663 46652 50597 Kosovo (see table 5). Registered 15-24
Proportion 15-24 48,3% 51,7% 48.2% 51.8% 47.9% 52.0%
Similar to 06/2006, in 06/2007 Table 5: Unemployment by Gender female unemployed face a lower and decreasing average monthly inflow rate (0,6%) than male unemployed (0,73%). Regarding the outflow, female unemployed under proportionally suffer from the general decline in the 12-months cumulated outflow in 06/2007. Nevertheless, the female monthly-average outflow rate still remains significantly (0,34%) below the outcome for male unemployed (0,51%). Looking for a relation of gender divergences to the risk groups of young (15-24) and unskilled unemployed reveals ambivalent results: In 06/2007 the female unemployed in the age of 15-24 face a 12-months increase rate in registrations (3,2%), which is equal to female unemployed of other age groups. Nevertheless they realize a lower increase in comparison to the male unemployed of the same age (4%). Regarding the skills levels, in 06/2006 the female share out of the unskilled unemployed reached almost 56%. The 12-months increase rate in registrations is higher for unskilled female (3,7%) than for unskilled male unemployed (2,9%) and, although significantly decreasing as
15
well, with 0,8 percentage points, the total gender gap in the increase rates within this skills group remains above the average (0,5). However, different from unskilled male, unskilled female unemployed profit from a declining increase rate in registrations (compare table 5).
2.5. Regional Developments

Not unexpected also in 06/2007 the employment offices in the region of Prishtina face the highest stock in the current number of registered unemployed (68066), just followed by the region of Mitrovica (63486 tab. 6).
Regions 06/2007
.Ferizaj/Uroevac .Gjakov/Gjakovica .Gjilan/Gnjilane .Mitrovic/Mitrovica .Pej/Pe .Prishtin/Pritina .Prizren/Prizren
Total Inflow Rate (IR) % Outflow Rate (OR) % monthly 12-months monthly 12-months registered average cumulative average cumulative unemployed 0,45% 5.4 34629 0,65% 7,86% 0,24% 2.8 38615 0,57% 6,86% 1,06% 0,46% 0,53% 0,68% 0,82% 0.92 0.61 1.10 12,77% 5,55% 6,35% 8,13% 9,84% 11.00 7.30 13.19 0,88% 0,35% 0,27% 0,42% 0,48% 0.41 0.30 0.47 10.6 4.2 3.3 5.0 5.8 4.93 3.54 5.69 35398 63486 37929 68066 54652 33779 37091
06/2006
.Ferizaj/Uroevac .Gjakov/Gjakovica
34635 Compared to previous reporting peri- .Gjilan/Gnjilane 0.72 8.69 0.50 6.04 62663 .Mitrovic/Mitrovica ods, regional divergences particularly .Pej/Pe 0.54 6.52 0.58 6.91 36787 0.83 9.92 0.60 7.24 65985 regarding the increase rate in regis- .Prishtin/Pritina 1.08 12.92 0.70 8.36 52482 .Prizren/Prizren trations significantly declined (from up 06/2005 to 8,2 percentage points down to 2.8 .Ferizaj/Uroevac 0,80 9,6 0,26 3,2 31850 .Gjakov/Gjakovica 0,71 8,5 0,09 1,1 36074 percentage points difference between .Gjilan/Gnjilane 0,94 11,3 0,42 5,1 32140 8,4 0,23 2,8 61053 highest and lowest regional increase .Mitrovic/Mitrovica 0,70 .Pej/Pe 0,58 6,9 0,23 2,8 37119 rates - see fig. 6, 6a and tab. 6). While .Prishtin/Pritina 0,79 9,5 0,60 7,2 64238 .Prizren/Prizren 1,15 13,8 0,24 2,9 50203 the region of Mitrovica in 06/2007 re- Table 6: Inflow/Outflow Rates / Registrations 06/2007 - 06/2006 06/2005 ports the lowest increase in registrations over the last 12 months (1,3%), the regions of Gjakove and Prizren show the highest 12months increase rate in registrations (4,1%). (fig. 6).
16
Fig. 6: 12 Months Increase Rate by Region 06/2007 Prishtin Pritina 3.2% Prizren 4.1%
Gjakov Pej Pec Ferizaj Gjakovica Gjilan Mitrovic Gnjilane Uroevac 4.1% 2.2% Mitrovica 3.1% 1.3% 2.5%
Fig. 6a: 12 Months Increase Rate by Region 06/2006 Gjilan Gnjilane Mitrovic Mitrovica 2.7% Pej Pec -0.4%
Ferizaj Uroevac
Gjakov 7.8% 6.3% Gjakovica 3.8%
Prizren Prishtin Prizren Pritina 4.7% 2.7%
Remarkably changing results are reported from the region of Gjilan, where the increase in registrations could be reduced from 7,8% down to 2,2% over a 12 months period until 06/2007. Despite facing the still highest inflow rate, the respective employment offices realised the far highest (and highest increasing) relative outflow from unemployment (outflow rate see tab. 6). Mainly based on declining inflow to unemployment a further significant reduction in the increase rate of registrations could be realised in the region of Ferizaj (tab. 6, fig. 6, 6a).
Different from the regions of Gjilan and Ferizaj all other Kosovan employment offices and regions in 06/2007 realised a lower 12 months cumulated outflow from unemployment than in 06/2006. The lowest average monthly and 12 months cumulated outflow rate is repeatedly reported from the region of Gjakova (compare table 6).
2.6. Unemployment-Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities

In order to support an appropriate performance indication, the analysis should take into account different regional capacities: In total 182 regional employment officers (without support staff) had to care for about 328 thousand registered unemployed on the 12-months average, resulting in an unemployment-staff ratio of 1802:1 (increasing from 1601:1 - table 7). According to these figures in 06/2007 the operational staff of the employment services decreased by about 9% and the unemployment-staff ratio increased by almost 13%. Like in 06/2006, the employment offices in the region of Mitrovica continuously suffer from the worst unemployment-staff ratio (2428:1), again followed by the region of Prizren (2232:1). In contrast to that, the employment offices in the 12-months Unemployment Inflow- OutflowRegions average reg. to-Staff to-Staff to-Staff region of Gjilan faced the lowest average 06/2007 Unemployed Ratio Ratio Ratio unemployment-staff-ratio (1156:1) over 12 Ferizaj/Uroevac 34073 1793:1 141:1 96:1 37864 1803:1 124:1 51:1 months until 06/2007, followed by the region of Gjakov/Gjakovica 34680 1156:1 148:1 122:1 Gjilan/Gnjilane Prishtina (1600:1).
Mitrovic/Mitrovica Pej/Pe Prishtin/Pritina Prizren/Prizren ALL 63124 37434 67185 53577 327937 2428:1 1872:1 1600:1 2232:1 1802:1 135:1 119:1 130:1 220:1 145:1 103:1 62:1 81:1 129:1 93:1
As a common experience, a high capacity efford caused by a combination of a relatively higher unemployment-staff and inflow-staff ratio, should result in a relatively lower outflow-
Table 7: Unemployment-Staff Ratio
Fig. 8.22 Months Outflow Fig. 7. 11Months Outflow -Staff Ratio 06/2007 -Staff Ratio 06/2006 Prizren P rizren Gjilan Prizren P rizren Gnjilane Mitrovic Ferizaj M itrovic 1 73 1 22 Mitrovica P ej Prishtin 129 Kosovan Uroevac M itrovica Average Kosovan P e PPritina 1 03 rishtin F96 erizaj Pej 1 30 A verage 93 Gjakov Gjilan 16 1 P ritina UroevacGjakov 81 Pe 1 01 Gjakovica 89 85 Gjakovica Gnjilane 62 68 51 59
to-staff relation and vice versa. However, according to differences concerning the administrative performance and workflow
17
procedures, the actual outcome may verify this partially: Regarding the relatively high outflowstaff performance of the employment offices in the region of Gjilan, the respective results are (positively) corresponding to its comparably low unemployment-staff ratio - and an inflow-staff relation, which is near to the Kosovan average. Slightly contrasting, the employment officers in the region of Prizren suffer from a far over proportional unemployment-staff ratio and the far worst inflow-staff relation, but are still realising the highest outflow-to-staff performance (tab. 7, fig. 8). Despite both a relatively low unemployment staff ratio and an under proportional inflow-staff relation, different from above shown examples, the employment officers in the region of Prishtina only realise an under proportional and decreasing outflow-to-staff performance. Facing an unemployment-staff ratio near to the Kosovan average and profiting from the lowest inflow-staff pressure, the worst outflow-to staff performance over 12 moths until 06/2007 is reported from the regions of Peja and Gjakova (fig. 7, 8, tab. 7). As usual these results may indicate different economical developments within the regions as well as different regional priorities, regarding employment promotion support activities implemented on the central level of DLE. Nevertheless they probably also reveal significant disparities regarding the performance of administrative procedures. Nevertheless it should not remain unmentioned, that the Kosovan unemployment-staff ratio is 12-times higher, than on the European average and that, despite this, the Kosovan employment services face an ongoing reduction of staff (which is said to be caused by according requests of the IMF).
3. Employment Mediation
Regarding the general procedures of the public employment services, the main task is to register unemployed in order to reintegrate them
Training Employment Services
Unemployed
Employer
Registration
Vacancy Advice Information Incentives
Counselling
to employment: After the registration, this means to advice the unemployed in terms of their future employment and / or career development. If necessary a vocational training is switched between to update required skills.
Placement Matching Procedure No success Success
The next step refers to the employers: The objective to lead unemployed to employment is based on the successful acquisition of vacancies - as well as to properly match unemployed as the personnel offered with the demand reported. This procedure usually is called employmentmediation: Contact employers, acquire vacancies (demand), place jobseekers (offer). As far as possible, the outcome of this procedure will be illustrated in the following chapter.
Fig. 1 1 months cumulated vacancies 0: 2 06/2007 9044
3. 1. Vacancies
7086
7408
18
06/2005 06/2006 06/2007
Until 06/2007 the Kosovan public employment services acquired 7408 vacancies cumulated over the last 12 months. Compared to the results in 06/2006 these figures represent a decrease of 18% (while compared to 06/2005 there is still an increase of about 5%). Referring to the number of persons who registered as unemployed, the number of vacancies acquired, results in a vacancy-registration-rate (VRR) of nearly 2,3% in 06/2007 decreasing from about 2,8% in 06/2006 (fig. 10). In other words, within a 12 months period, there was 1 vacancy available for about 44 unemployed (while it was 1 vacancy for 35 unemployed in 06/2006). Considering a (more realistic) monthly average gives a more drastic impression on the current situation: Statistically every month more than 526 unemployed have to compete for 1 vacancy offered increasing from a monthly average of about 416:1 in 06/2006 (compare DLE Tertiar Fig. 11. 12 Months y Performance Report 2005/2006). Secondary cumulated
vacancies by sector Primary
3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector

Regarding the classical classification of the economical 62.1% 68% sectors, most vacancies offered over the last 12 months until 77% 06/2007 again referred to the tertiary sector (services, 62%), followed by the secondary sector (production, 30%) and the 29.6% primary sector (agriculture, 8%). In comparison to the 1223% 17% months results in 06/2006, the secondary sector showed an 9% 8.3% 6% increasing share on all vacancies reported, 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 Fig. 1 1 -Months cumulated vacancies byOw 2: 2 ner while particularly the share on all vacancies out 60% of the tertiary sector again significantly decreaPrivate 63% 514 1 sed (fig. 11). Compared to 06/2006 in 06/2007 58% Private Public 40% 4636 only the secondary sector realized a growing P ublic 41 45 42% 37% 3630 Private Public labour demand also in absolute figures 2941 2772 (+4,2%). Following the general tendency a look on the sectors by owner not unexpected reveals a 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 decline in both public (-24%) and private sector demand (-9%). As the 12 months cumulated private sector demand decreased under proportionally, in 06/2007 there is a growing share of private sector vacancies compared to the share of vacancies referring to the public sector. The proportional share of the private sector demand grew from 60% up to 63%, while the public sector demand accordingly decreased from 40% to 37% (fig. 12).
3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills

Representing still 35% of the total demand, similar to previous time periods, the highest number of vacancies offered (labour demand) over the last 12 months until 06/2007 referred to unemployed on the skills-level Skills cumulated Change VRR VRR VRR secondary school - just 06/2007 ISCED Prop. 12-Months to 06/2006 06/05 06/06 06/07 followed with a share of Unskilled 0-2 34% 2527 -22.5% 1,1% 1.7% 1.3% semi-skilled 3 5% 382 4.9% 1,4% 2.7% 2.8% 34% on all vacancies - by the
Skilled 3a 3c 4 5a+ 9% 2% 14% 697 173 1066 49.3% 1,5% 3,3% 43,1% 41% 1.6% 4.2% 19.4% 40.9% 2.4% 7.7% 40.6% 2nd. school high school University 35% 2563 -27.2% -61.5% 8.4% 3.0% 19
Table 8: Vacancy Registration Rate by skills levels
skills-level unskilled. However, the total number of vacancies addressed to these skills groups
Fig. 13: 12-Months VRR by Skills 06/2007 uni 40.6%
tremendously decreased by far more than 20% compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006 (tab. 8).
semi2nd. unskilled skilled skilled school 1.3% 2.8% 2.4% 3.0%
high school 7.7%
An increasing demand is reported for the skills levels semi-skilled, skilled and university. The far over proportional decrease referring to the skills level higher school most probably is caused by administrative changes in the educational system, pushing a major part of the former higher school unemployed and according vacancies to university level. To gain a more realistic impression on the relation of skills and labour demand, affords to have a look on the vacancy-registration rate (VRR) - by referring the vacancies offered to the share of each skills level out of the total number of registered unemployed: Although facing declining results, the higher educated unemployed still realize a 12-months vacancy-registration rate (VRR) far above all other skills levels. The lowest VRR of 1,3% refers to unskilled unemployed (compare fig. 13). While about 30 unemployed with a university degree and about 158 unemployed on the skills level higher school compete for 1 vacancy offered on the monthly average, statistically this relation is about 400-to-1 for the skills level secondary school and more than 909-to-1 for unskilled unemployed. In other words the outcome confirms: Higher skills more jobs!
3.1.3. Vacancies by Region
Regions Ferizaj Gjakova
cumulated Increase 12-Months to 06/2006 675 -53.2% 758 3.0%
ASR 5/05 38:1 48:1
VRR ASR VRR ASR 05/05 06/06 06/06 06/07 2,6% 76:1 4.3% 36:1 2,5% 39:1 2.0% 36:1
VRR 06/07 2.0% 2.0%
Following the general tendency, - Gjilan 1177 -2.7% 28:1 2,7% 38:1 3.5% 39:1 3.4% Mitrovica 926 -24.7% 38:1 1,9% 42:1 2.0% 36:1 1.5% most regions faced a decrease in the Peje 714 -22.1% 26:1 1,5% 42:1 2.5% 36:1 1.9% cumulated number of vacancies Prishtine 1596 1.5% 26:1 2,1% 30:1 2.4% 38:1 2.4% 1562 -19.3% 56:1 3,3% 77:1 3.7% 65:1 2.9% acquired over the last 12 months Prizren Table 9: Vacancies by Region until 06/2007. The highest decrease compared to the 12-month results in 06/2006 refers to the employment offices in the region of Ferizaj. The highest increase was realised in the region of Gjakova (see table 9).
20
Taking into account the proportional relation of vacancies and unemployed within the regions, the employment offices in the region of Gjilan realized the highest 12-months cumulated vacancyregistration rate (VRR 3,4%). In conGjilan trast to that, the unemployed in the Gnjilane 3.4% region of Mitrovica suffered from the Gjakov Ferizaj worst situation concerning the VRR in Uroevac Gjakovica 2.0% 06/2007 (VRR 1,5% - see fig 14): 2.0% While on the monthly average statistically about 357 unemployed compete for 1 vacancy in Gjilan, this relation is 833-to-1 in Mitrovica.
Fig. 16: 12-Months Cumulated Placement 7486 6265 5285 Fig. 1 1 4: 2-Months VRR byRegions Prizren Prizren Prishtin 2.9% Pritina Pej 2.4% Pe Mitrovic 06/20051 06/2006 06/2007 .9% Mitrovica 1 .5%
Fig. 1 1 5: 2-Months ASR byRegions
P rizren P rizren 65 Prishtin
Gjakov Gnjilane Mitrovic Ferizaj Pej Considering different service capaP ritina Uroevac Gjakovica Mitrovica P e 39 38 36 36 36 36 cities in terms of staff within the regions, the highest 12-months acquisition-staff ratio (ASR) was again reached in the region of Prizren (65:1). Apart from this the regional ASRs reveal an obvious decline in regional disparities regarding the individual acquisition performance of the regional employment officers (see figure 15 and table 9) what most likely is based on harmonised pro-active procedures. 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 Placements 5285 7486 6265
Gjilan
3.2. Placements
7086 9044 7408 In addition to the outflow (which consists of mediated place- Vacancies 75% 83% 85% ments and deregistration for further reasons), the placements PVR 1,8% 2.3% 1.9% may be regarded as most important for a performance PR evaluation of the activities implemented by the Kosovan public Table 10: Placements / Vacancies employment services. They represent a direct revisable indicator concerning its main objective: Leading unemployed to employment.
During a time period of 12 months until 06/2007, the Kosovan employment offices realized 6265 placements of unemployed persons into new jobs. Compared to the 12-months results reached in 06/2006, this is a decrease of more than 16%. Referring the job-placements to the average number of registered unemployed during that time, accordingly results in a 12-months placement rate (PR) of about 1,9% - declining from 2,3% in 06/2006 (see table 10 and fig. 16). Referring to the 12 months cumulated number of vacancies acquired until 06/2007, the number of placements reported, results in an average placement-vacancy-rate (PVR) of 85%, while it was 83% in 06/2006 (tab 10):
As far this concerns the matching performance of the respective employment offices (and officers), the results of the PVR in general seem to indicate a stabilisation of matching procedures. However, slightly increasing rates of the PVR are mainly technically caused by an 21
over proportional decline of vacancies in relation to the development of realised placements.
Placements Total 12 Change to PR PVR PR PVR PR PVR 06/2007 ISCED Months 06/2006 06/05 06/05 06/06 06/06 06/07 06/07 Unskilled Semi-skilled Skilled 2nd. school High school University 0-2 3 3a 3c 4 5a+ 2484 173 396 2677 95 440 -16.6% -16.0% -22.7% -19.3% -5.0% 18.9% 1,0% 96% 1.55% 91% 1.25% 98%
0,9% 64% 1.51% 57% 1.24% 45% Fig. 17: 12 Months Tertiar cumulated y 1,4% 90% 1.75% 110% 1.33% 57% Secondary placements by Primary 2,9% 86% 3.95% 94% 3.12% 104% sector 12,2% 28% 4.32% 18,1% 44% 15.4% 76% 22% 38% 4.23% 16.1% 55% 41%
3.2.1. Sector
Placements
by
Tab. 11: Placement by Skills
64%
62%
25% Corresponding to the general development of vacancies 16% 11% respectively labour demand, the tertiary sector keeps its 11 % 8% dominant position also in terms of placements. Nevertheless, 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 compared to the 12-months results reported in 06/2006 (and 06/2005), the tertiary sector in 06/2007 again shows a decrease in its share on all placements down to 62%.
27%
While the proportion of the primary sector remained stable at 11%, the share on all placements referring to the secondary sector further grew up to 27%. Both sectors now represent 38% of all placements within a 12-months period until 06/2007 (see fig. 17).
Fig. 1 1 8: 2-Month Placement byOw ner Private 55% Private 59% Public 41 % Public 29%
Private 71 %
Public 45%
Regarding the sectors by owner shows a continuously growing share of placements referring 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 to the private sector, which over 12 months absorbed 71% of all placements until 06/2007. Correspondingly the share of all placements referring to the public sector at the same time declined down to 29% (compare fig. 18). Comparing the results in 06/2006 and 06/2007 in absolute figures, against the general tendency the 12-months cumulated number of placements into the private sector economy slightly increased by about 1,2%. Different from that, the 12 months cumulated public sector placements showed a tremendous decrease of about 41% (see Kosovo Labour Market Information 06/2006 and 06/2007, see references).
3.2.2. Placements by Skills

Near to the figures of previous reports, the highest number of placements over a 12 months period until 06/2007 refers to unemployed on the skills level secondary school and to unskilled unemployed. Nevertheless, unemployed on almost all skills levels face a decrease in the total number of placements compared to the 12 months cumulated results in 06/2006. As the only exception, unemployed with a university degree profit from increasing placements (tab. 11).
22
Also the proportional results of job placements by skills levels again confirm a direct relation of skills and employment: The 12-months placement rate in 06/2007 is still far above the Kosovan average of 1,9% for unemployed referring to the three higher skills levels in particular for those with an university degree while it remains below for unemployed with a lower education (fig. 19).
Fig. 1 1 9: 2-Months Placement Rate bySkills Uni 1 1 6.1%
Referring the placements realized to the vacancies reported reveals high and over proportional results regarding the placement-vacancy rate (PVR) for the two biggest groups of unemployed, referring to the skills levels unskilled and secondary school. Contrasting that, unemployed with a higher education (higer school and university) repeatedly face an under proportional PVR:
UnSemiskilled skilled Skilled Fig. 20. PVR bySkills 1 .33% 1 .25% 1 .24% Unskilled 98% Semiskilled 45% Skilled 57%
2nd. school 3.1 2% 2nd. school 1 04%
High school 4.23%
High school 55%
Uni 41 %
On the one hand this tendency might partially indicate further potential in future placements as far it concerns the higher educated groups but at the same time a still needed adjustment of required skills, to achieve further possible mediations. While the Kosovan labour market in general suffers from limitations in labour demand, the segment of higher skilled personnel seemingly faces restrictions in labour supply (see also DLE Annual Report 2006, references).
3.2.3. Placements by Age

Concerning the age groups, the main aspect to remark is the repeatedly realised reverse relation to the placement rates. Confirming ongoing high affords in the implementation of the priorities explicitly expressed by MLSW/DLE, the youngest unemployed in the age of 15-24 again achieve the highest 12 months cumulated placement rate also in 06/2007 (fig.21).
2.39% Fig. 21 1 : 2-Months Placement Rate byAge 1 .93% 1 .52% 0.44% 1 5-24 25-39 40-54 55+
However, reminding the high demographical pressure particularly on young unemployed resulting in highest inflow and increase rates in registrations (see chapter 2.2, tab.3, fig.3) - as well as an over proportional decrease in placements compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006, gives reason to further observe this issue: Taking into account the high share of placements on the total outflow from unemployment demonstrates Placements Total 12 Change to PR PR PR by age Months 06/2006 06/05 06/06 06/07 the high need to extend the implementation of
15-24 2328 2826 1011 100 -28.65% -10.00% 4.88% -15.97% 2,1% 1,8% 1,5% 0,6% 3.48% 2.20% 1.50% 0.52% 2.39% 1.93% 1.52% 0.44%
active employment promotion and support in employment mediation addressed in particular to unemployed in the age of 15-24 and 25-39 years (compare table 12 and 3, see also DLE Annual Report 2006).
25-39 40-54 55+
Tab. 12: Placement by Age
3.2.4. Placements by Ethnicity
23
Corresponding to the high dominant proportion of Kosovo-Albanians within the registered unemployed (tab. 4), not unexpected also the highest 12-months cumulated number of placements in 06/2007 again refers to this group. Regarding the relation of placements and registrations, the
Fig. 22: 1 2-Months Placement Rate byEthnicity Alb. 1 .92% Min. 1 .65% Serb 1 .39%
Kosovo-Albanians realize a 12-months placement rate (PR) very slightly above the Kosovan average of 1,9%. Suffering from an over proportional decrease in total placements compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006, the Kosovan minorities - and in particular the Kosovo Serbs - in 06/2007 for the first time face a
Placements 06/2007 Albanians Minorities Serbs
Total 12 Months 5811 272 182
12-months Change -14.2 -61.7 -54.7
PR 06/2005 1.7% 2.8% 3.7%
PR PR 06/2006 06/2007 2.27% 2.02% 2.28% 1.92% 1.65% 1.39%
Tab. 13: Placement by Ethnicity
placement rate below the Kosovan average (fig. 22, table 13).
3.2.5. Placements by Gender

Taking into account a female share out of all unemployed by nearly 47% and a female share on all placements by about 28%, female unemployed obviously continuously face an under proportional placement performance.
Placements 06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 F M F M F M Nevertheless, different from the 12 months results 1466 3819 1977 5509 1727 4538 in 06/2006, in 06/2007 the gender gap decreased. Total 1,1% 2,3% 1.3% 3.2% 1.1% 2.6% While in comparison to 06/2006 female unem- PR ployed faced a decrease of -13% in the 12-months Proportion 28% 72% 26.4% 73.6% 27.6% 72.4% cumulated number of placements until 06/2007, Increase -0,5% -23% 35% 44% -13% -18% the job placements referring to male unemployed PR unskilled 0,4% 1,8% 0.4% 3.0% 0.39% 2.35% decreased by about -18% at the same time. PR 16-25 1,6% 2,6% 2.5% 4.6% 1.7% 3.0% Subsequently the female share on all placements Tab. 14: Placement by Gender grew from about 26% in 06/2006 to almost 28% in 06/2007. In addition the total gender gap in the placement rates (PR) slightly declined from 1,9 down to 1,5 percentage points (tab 14).
Similar to previous reporting periods, a look on the unemployment risk groups by gender reveals ambivalent results regarding the job-placements of young (15-24) and unskilled unemployed: While unskilled female unemployed still suffer from the far worst 12-months PR of about 0,4% remaining almost on the level of 06/2006 the PR of unskilled male in 06/2007 decreased over proportionally from 3% down to 2,35%, resulting in a still over proportional but declining total gender gap of about 2 percentage points (see table 14).
24
Regarding the age groups, young female and young male unemployed faced a decreasing PR. However, the PR is higher and the respective gender gap within this group is lower than on the average (table 14).
3.2.6. Placements by Region

Regarding the development within the Kosovan regions, in 06/2007 the highest number of placements cumulated within a 12-months time period was again realised by the employment offices in region of Prizren (tab. 15).
Regions 2007 Ferizaj Gjakova Gjilan Mitrovica Peje Prishtine Prizren
cumulated Increase 12-Months to 06/06 724 575 998 718 466 1302 1482 -20.7% -27.9% 26.6% -23.9% -44.6% -10.6% -15.1%
PR PSR PR PSR PR PSR 06/05 06/05 06/06 06/06 06/07 06/07 2,1% 1,0% 2,0% 1,5% 0,9% 1,8% 2,7% 31:1 20:1 21:1 30:1 16:1 22:1 46:1 2.8% 2.2% 2.5% 1.5% 2.3% 2.3% 3.4% 48:1 42:1 25:1 33:1 38:1 27:1 70:1 2.1% 1.5% 2.9% 1.1% 1.2% 1.9% 2.8% 38:1 27:1 33:1 28:1 23:1 31:1 62:1
Table 15: Placements by Region
A look on the placements relative to the share of each region on the total number of registered unemployed, leads to a slight variation: The highest and only increasing -12-months cumulated placement rate (PR) in 06/2007 was realized by the employment offices in the region of Gjilan (PR: 2,9%) while the offices within the region of Prizren just followed almost on the same level (PR: 2,8% - see tab. 15, fig. 23). Different from the results reported from the region of Gjilan, all further regions faced a decrease in total placements and placement rates compared to the 12 months results in 06/2006 (table 15). Facing a 12-months PR of 1,1%, unemployed in the region of Mitrovica repeatedly suffered from the far lowest results concerning the realized placements in 06/2007 (fig. 23, table 15). Taking into consideration once more different regional capacities in terms of staff, reveals ongoing regional disparities in the placement performance: In continuation since 06/2005, compared to the further regions, the employment officers in the region of Prizren are most successful, realizing the far highest placement-staff ratio (PSR 62:1) also in 06/2007. An increasing PSR in 06/2007 was achieves by the officers in the regions of Gjilan and Prishtina. The far worst performance regarding the PSR is reported from the offices in the region of Peja (PSR 23:1).
Fig. 24: 12-Months PSR by Regions Gjila Ferizaj UroevacGjakov n Mitrovic Gnjilane 38 Gjakovica 33 Mitrovica 28 27 Prizre Prizre n n 62 Fig. 23: 1 2-Months PR byRegions Gjilan Gnjilane Ferizaj 2.9% Uroevac Gjakov Mitrovic 2.1 % Gjakovica Mitrovica 1 .5% 1% .1 Prizren Prizren 2.8%
Pej Pe 1 .2%
Prishtin Pritina 1 .9%
Pej Pec 23
Prishtin Pritina 31
25
4. Vocational Training
Fig.25: 1 2-Months cumulated VT Participants

3959 3606
Besides the Employment Division (ED), the DLE is also mana31 6 1 ging the Vocational Training Division (VTD). The objective of this Division is to support the employability of registered unemployed. To reach this, the VTD runs a network of 8 DLE-owned regional vocational training centres. In addition the VTD co-ordi06/2005 06/2006 06/2007 nates vocational training capacities of external allied training institutions - as there are for example the Kolping Training Enterprises in Prizren (Germany) and the Don Bosco Vocational Training Centre in Prishtina (Italy). Further partners in the field of employment promotion and training are IOM, ILO, GTZ, UNDP, EAR and further more. Cumulated over 12 months, 3116 unemployed entered a vocational training until 06/2007. Compared to the 12 months development at 06/2006 this is (again) a decrease of almost 14%. Referring the 12-months cumulated number of training participants (entries) in 06/2007 to the average number of registered unemployed at this time, results in a 12-months activation rate (AR) of below 1% slightly decreasing from 1,1% in 06/2006 and 1,3% in 06/2005. Regarding the share of graduates out of the 12 months cumulated number of participants in 06/2007, results in a graduation rate (GR) of about 84%, increasing from 83% 06/2006 but still remaining below the GR of 87% in 06/2005 (compare Kosovo Labour Market Information, see
according chapters at DLE Performance Report 06/2005 and 06/2006). 4.1. Training by Skills
06/2007 Unskilled 12 Increase Prop AR ISCED Months to 06/06 Entries 06/05 0-2 781 -0.1% 25% 0,3% GR 06/05 79% AR 06/06 0.4% GR 06/06 67% AR 06/07 0.4% GR 06/07 72%
Concerning the different Semi-skilled 3 39 -13.3% 1% 0,8% 69% 0.3% 91% 0.3% 141% skills-levels of the trained Skilled 3a 175 -46.2% 6% 2,2% 95% 1.1% 89% 0.6% 78% unemployed, the figures 2nd. school 3c 1943 -15.7% 62% 3,3% 86% 2.8% 87% 2.3% 87% reported reveal an ongoHigh school 4 58 -15.9% 2% 5,9% 100% 2.9% 65% 2.6% 74% ing polarization: Dispro- University 5a+ 120 51.9% 4% 3,6% 116% 3.4% 96% 4.4% 93% portional to the existing Table 16: Vocational Training by Skills employability restrictions, the three upper skill-groups again realize activation rates (AR) far above the Kosovan average, while the activation rates of the three lower skill-groups continuously remain far below (table 16). Different from further skills levels, only unemployed with a university degree achieved an increase in the 12-months cumulated number of training participants and an increasing 12-months activation rate (see tab. 16 and fig. 26). Unemployed on the highest skills level profit from an AR of 4,4%. Contrasting that, with an AR of 0,4% unskilled unemployed participate far under proportional on existing training capacities: While within a 12 months period until 06/2007, 1 out of 23 unemployed
Fig. 26: 1 2-Months Activation Rate bySkills (% ) 2.3% 2nd. school 0.4% Unskilled 0.3% Semiskilled 0.6% Skilled 2.6% High school 4.4% Uni
26
with a university degree entered a vocational training, this relation was more than 10-times worse (1-to-250) for unskilled unemployed (fig. 26).
4.2. Training by Age
Training cumulated Increase Prop AR GR AR GR by age 12-Months to 06/06 Entries 06/05 06/05 06/06 06/06 .15-24 .25-39 1432 1361 -31% 5.1% 46% 44% 2,8% 1,0% 0,5% 0,1% 85% 90% 97% 2.3% 0.9% 0.3% 0.0% 85% 78% 85%
AR 06/07 1.47% 0.93% 0.48% 0.03%
GR 06/07 89% 79% 78%
Regarding the vocational training .40-54 316 44% 9,8% (VT) by age shows significantly .55+ 7 0.2% decreasing capacities of -31% Table 17: Vocational Training by Age over 12 months until 06/2007 for unemployed in the age 15-24 years. At the same time unemployed referring to the age groups of 25-39 and 40-54 years profit from an increasing VT participation (see table 17).
1 .47%
Fig.27: 1 2-Months Activation Rate byAge 0.93%
0.48% Despite above shown tendencies, the actual figures still con0.03% firm a clear priority given by the DLE to the youngest unemployed. Referring the total number of VT participants by age 1 5-24 25-39 40-54 55+ to the respective share on all unemployed continuously reveals a reverse relation of age-groups and VT-participation: In other words, the youngest unemployed in 06/2007 again realise the highest activation rate (AR), while - according to the low number of participants the AR of the eldest unemployed remains on an almost insignificant low level (see fig.27).
4.3. Training by Ethnicity
VT 06/2007 cumulated Increase Prop AR GR AR GR by ethnicity 12-Months to 06/06 Entries 06/05 06/05 06/06 06/06
AR 06/07
GR 06/07
3021 -10.0% 97% 1,3% 87% 1.15% 85% 1.01% 83% A look on the figures of voca- Albanians Minorities 95 -61.7% 3% 1,5% 71% 0.89% 55% 0.33% 100% tional training by ethnicity, in Serbs 38 -55.8% 1% 1,7% 74% 0.75% 20% 0.30% 113% 06/2007 reveals an over pro- Other 57 -64.8% 2% 1,3% 101% 1.04% 73% 0.35% 91% portional decrease in the 12- Table 18: Vocational Training by Ethnicity months cumulated number of VT participants for the Kosovo-Minorities. Subsequently the according activation rates declined, remaining below those of unemployed Kosovo-Albanians as well as below the Kosovan average (compare above, see tab 18, fig. 28).
Despite a successful extension of employment promotion activities to the northern Mitrovica municipalities and further minority areas, in particular the VT participation of the Kosovo-Serbs significantly decreased - down to a 12-months activation rate of 0,3% in 06/2007 (fig. 28).
1 % .01 Alb
Fig. 28: 1 2-Months Activation Rate byEthnicty
0.33% Min.
0.30% Serb
0.35% Other
4.4. Training by Gender

Assessing the 12-months cumulated figures of vocational training (VT) by gender leads to an ambivalent outcome: Following the general tendency, there is a decrease for both male (-16%) and female (-8,6%) unemployed regarding the 12-months VT capacities in 06/2007. As the decrease in the number of training participants is under proportional for female unemployed, the female 12-months activation rate (AR) accordingly under proportionally declined in comparison to
Fig. 29: 1 2-Months Activation Rate byGender 1% .1 Male 0.7% Fem. 0.9% All
27
the male activation rate. Therefore, despite a remaining disparity in the inclusion of female and male unemployed to VT 06/2007 cumulated Increase Prop AR GR AR GR AR GR vocational training, the by gender 12-Months to 06/06 Entries 06/05 06/05 06/06 06/06 06/07 06/07 gender gap decreased (tab Female 1092 -8.62% 35% 0,9% 94% 0.8% 69% 0.7% 94% 19). Male 2024 -16.05% 65% 1,6% 84% 1.4% 89% 1.1% 78% Regarding in addition the inUnskilled Fem. 201 4.15% 26% 0,2% 0.2% 61% 0.2% 93% clusion to vocational training Unskilled Male 580 -1.53% 74% 0,4% 0.7% 69% 0.7% 66% of the unemployment-risk Table 19: Vocational Training by Gender group of unskilled unemployed by gender, reveals a further problematic aspect. The group of the unskilled female represent 71% of all female - and more than 33% of all registered unemployed: Accordingly even a growing share of this group on all training participants from 5% to 6,5% in 06/2007 indicates a very far disproportional inclusion to vocational training particularly taking into account the difficulties unskilled female are facing concerning their reintegration to the labour market (see chapter placements by gender). In addition, different from the general development of training by gender, the gender gap in the activation rates of unskilled female and male unemployed in 06/2007 remained constant compared to 06/2006 (tab. 19).
All 3116 -13.59% 100% 1,3% 87% 1.1% 83% 0.9% 84%
4.5. Training by Region
06/2007 Ferizaj
cumulated Increase Prop AR GR AR 12-Months to 06/06 Entries 06/05 06/05 06/06 341 -19.76% 11% 1,4% 90% 1.3%
GR AR GR 06/06 06/07 06/07 80% 1.0% 54%
470 -2.89% 15% 1,1% 104% 1.3% 64% 1.2% 73% Taking at last a look on the re- Gjakova 388 -3.00% 12% 1,2% 87% 1.2% 78% 1.1% 95% Gjilan gional development of vocatio402 -43.22% 13% 1,7% 75% 1.1% 70% 0.6% 85% Mitrovica 407 -7.92% 13% 1,3% 91% 1.2% 72% 1.1% 73% nal training (VT), not unexpec- Peje 546 -11.51% 18% 0,8% 91% 0.9% 88% 0.8% 100% ted confirms the overall de- Prishtine 562 6.04% 18% 1,7% 89% 1.0% 126% 1.0% 94% Prizren creasing tendency of VT capa- Table 20: Vocational Training by Region cities: As an exception, only unemployed in the region of Prizren profited from an increase in the 12 months cumulated VT capacities in 06/2007 and a constant activation rate (AR) compared to 06/2006 (see table 20).
Despite showing decreasing results, the highest 12 months activation rate in 06/2007 was again achieved in the region of Gjakova.
Fig. 30: 1 2-Months Activation Rate byRegions 1 .2% 1% .1 1 .0% Gjakov Ferizaj Djakovica Gjilan Gnjilane Urosovac
Contrasting that, unemployed in the region of Mitrovica faced both - the highest decrease of 12 months cumulated VT capacities as well as the far lowest activation rate (what might be seen as a reason for the as well lowest placement rate compare according chapter placements by region above, see also tab 20 and fig. 30). The real situation of vocational training as a service to improve the employability of unemployed in its quantitative dimension is still far from appropriate regarding an unemployment rate of about 40% (see DLE Annual Report 2006) - and remains dissatisfying - on an extreme low level: While within 12 months 83 unemployed face 1 free place for vocational training in the region of Gjakova, this relation 105-to-1 on the Kosovan average - and 156-to-1 in the region of Mitrovica.
0.6% Mitrovic Mitrovica
1% .1 Pej P ec
1 .0% 0.8% Prizren Prishtin Prizren P ristina
28
5. Rsum
The figures presented with this report, in particular as far this concerns the registered inflow, outflow, vacancies and placements, are of course far from covering the whole turnover of the Kosovan labour market. Nevertheless the amount of persons represented through these figures is high enough to allow a limited extrapolation of general tendencies: Resuming the all-over situation of the Kosovan labour market, the extreme high long-term unemployment continuously remains to be the major problem. However, despite discouraging decreases in the outflow from unemployment as well as in the 12 months results of vacancies and placements, there are still positive aspects worth to be mentioned: Particularly a closer look on the development of vacancies and placements dismantles a decreasing outcome as mainly caused by limitations of public sector and overlapping tertiary sector (services) demand. Contrasting that, both the private sector as well as the secondary sector (production) still reveal a stable respectively (slightly) increasing tendency. Cumulated over 12 months until 06/2007 71% of all placements and 63% of the vacancies referred to the private sector economy. As continuously repeated, regarding a further and significant economic progress, the role of the Kosovan Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare is given its focus mainly on the creation of a nonprotective labour law and a supportive employment promotion law. In addition the Department of Labour and Employment disposes various instruments of employment promotion, which might be supportive for an economical transition but are in general of limited pertinence to fundamentally influence the economical situation in general. Regarding the concrete performance of employment promotion, the current development leads to ambivalent results: First to remark positively, is the again successful inclusion of minorities to the services offered by DLE. A revisable indicator is the still over proportional inflow rate regarding this target group. However, for the first time reached under proportional results concerning the respective outflow and placement rate, require to carefully observe this issue. A main point to mention is the constantly successful support given to young unemployed: As this is the explicitly expressed priority of the DLE, unemployed in the age of 15-24 years again realize the highest activation and placement rates. Bearing in mind contradictory results of outflow and placements referring to this age group (lower outflow rates but higher placement rates for younger age groups) underlines an ongoing and extended need for intensive counselling, vocational training and employment mediation. Considering an obvious relation of skills and employment it should not remain unmentioned, that the group of the unskilled unemployed is facing both an under proportional activation rate and an extreme low placement rate. Overcoming the disproportional inclusion of lower skilled unemployed will be an inevitable duty for future activities of employment promotion. A look on employment promotion by gender in this context reveals particular need to intensify the support of unskilled female unemployed, who despite representing 1/3 of all unemployed suffer from almost insignificant activation and placement rates.
29
Finally it should not remain unmentioned, that all efforts of the DLE and the public employment services are facing tremendous limitations by inappropriate staffing, resulting in an increasing unemployment staff ratio (1802:1), which is now 12-times higher, than on the European average.
6. References
Euro Stat (2003): ETF / Pirher, Sonja (2003): EU Kosovo (2007): GTZ / MCYS (2006): ILO (1982):
European Union Labour Force Survey, Methods and Definitions 2001, Luxembourg Development and Capacity Building in the field of Education and Labour Market Statistics, Torino Kosovo Economic Outlook 2007, Prishtina The Kosovo Youth Policy and Action Plan, Prishtina Resolution concerning statistics of the economically active population, employment, unemployment and underemployment, Geneva Key Indicators of the Labour Market (KILM), Geneva Kosovo Youth Employment Action Plan Labour and Employment 2003, Annual Report, Prishtina Labour and Employment 2004, Annual Report, Prishtina Labour and Employment Kosovo Performance Report 06/2005, Prishtina Labour and Employment 2005, Annual Report, Prishtina Labour and Employment Kosovo Employment Promotion Performance Report 2005/2006, Prishtina Labour and Employment 2006, Annual Report, Prishtina Kosovo Labour Market Information (monthly), Prishtina Labour Force Survey (LFS) 2005, Prishtina Kosovo in Figures 2006 Human Development Report Kosovo 2004, Prishtina
ILO (2004): ILO / MLSW-DLE (2006): MLSW-DLE (2004): MLSW-DLE (2005a): MLSW-DLE (2005b): MLSW-DLE (2006a): MLSW-DLE (2006b): MLSW-DLE (2007): MLSW-DLE (2007b): SOK (2006): SOK (2007): UNDP (2004):
Further sources are to find at:

Government of Kosovo www.ks-gov.net Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare www.mpms-ks.org Statistical Office Kosovo www.ks-gov.net/esk International Labour Office www.ilo.org UNDP in Kosovo http://www.kosovo.undp.org/ World Bank in Kosovo www.worldbank.org/kosovo EU in Kosovo www.euinkosovo.org
30
OSCE in Kosovo www.osce.org/kosovo Labour resources webpage www.lmps.edu.tc
7. ANNEX
7.1. Definitions and Terminology 7.1. 1. Abbreviations DLE ED ILO IOM MEO MLSW REC SOK UNDP VTC VTD Department of Labour and Employment Employment Division International Labour Organisation / International Labour Office International Organisation of Migration Municipal Employment Office Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare Regional Employment Centre Statistical Office Kosovo United Nations Development Programme Vocational Training Centre Vocational Training Division
ISCED NACE
International Standard Classification of Education International Standard Classification of Economic Activities
ASR AR GR IR ISR OR OSR PR PSR PVR
Acquisition-Staff Ratio Activation Rate Graduation Rate Inflow Rate Inflow-Staff Ratio Outflow Rate Outflow-Staff Ratio Placement Rate Placement-Staff Ratio Placement-Vacancy Rate
31
VRR
Vacancy-Registration Rate
7.1.2. Definitions
In order to allow a suitable differentiation and interpretation concerning the outcome of this report, the used terminology and definitions are listed below:
All Chapters:
Age groups: 15-24, 25-39, 40-54, 55-64 ISCED: International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED 97 see Annex) Ethnical Groups: Albanian, Serbian, Montenegrin, Ashkali, Roma, Turkish, Bosniak, and Other. For analyses purposes a shorter classification will also be used: Albanian, all minorities, Serbian, and other minorities (without Serbian). Skills Levels (proprietary educational classification / old): - Unskilled (ISCED 1 or 2): No school, not completed elementary school. - Semi-skilled (ISCED 3): Elementary school completed, 3-6 months in-service training. - Skilled (ISCED 3A): 2nd. School not completed, 3-6 months technical training. - Secondary school (ISCED 3C): 2nd. School completed, 4 years tech. gymnasium. - High School (ISCED 4): Not completed university, engineer graduation. - University (ISCED 5A or 6): completed faculty, graduates, post-graduates.
Chapter 2 (registered unemployment):

The (registered) Unemployed - refers to the persons who registered as unemployed. The long-term Unemployed are persons, who are registered as unemployed for more than 12 months: this report refers to a calculative proportion of long-term unemployment, which is under the condition [outflow<registrations] and [inflow<registrations] in a
- best case = - worst case =
[unemployed-(inflow+outflow)] unemployed [unemployed-(inflow-outflow)] unemployed
*100
*100
| under the condition of increasing registrations.
- worst case =
[unemployed-(outflow-inflow)] unemployed
*100
| under the condition of decreasing registrations.
The Unemployment-Staff Ratio refers the number of unemployed to the number of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff).
32
The Inflow Rate is the share of the average number of monthly newly registered unemployed (Inflow) out of the average number of registered unemployed during the year. In order to allow a better comparison this report partially refers to a 12 months cumulated rate. The Outflow Rate (monthly) is the share of the average number of the monthly sum of placed and deleted (Outflow) former registered unemployed out of the average number of registered unemployed during the year. In order to allow a better comparison this report partially refers to a 12 months cumulated rate. Outflow-to-Staff and the Inflow-to-Staff relation refers the outflow (the sum of placed and deleted persons) respectively the inflow (new registrations) to the quantity of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff). The Deleted represent those persons as a part of the outflow, which will be removed from the classification unemployed apart from the reason placement - if the respective person a) found a job by own affords b) is not available for working or job searching c) shows no further interest in the services of the employment offices d) exceeded working-age.
Chapter 3 (employment mediation):

The Vacancy-Registration Rate is the cumulated number of vacancies acquired by the employment services during 12 month in relation to the average number of registered unemployed within 12 month (its a derivate of the vacancy/unemployed ratio as the number of vacancies per registered unemployed persons). The Acquisition-Staff Ratio refers the number of vacancies acquired to the number of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff). The Placement Rate is the number of former unemployed mediated into new jobs (Placements) by the employment services within 12 monzh in relation to the average number of unemployed (its a derivate of the placement ratio as the number of placements per registered unemployed persons). The Placement-Staff Ratio refers the placements to the quantity of employment officers (without cleaner and security - but including administrative staff). The Placement-Vacancy Rate is the number of placements realized in relation to the number of vacancies acquired by the employment services during the year. Sectors by Activity are orientated on International Standard Classification of economic activities, NACE (Rev. I), but still not fully compatible: (A) Agriculture / Forestry (B) Fishing (C) Mining (D) Manufacturing (E) Electricity / Gas / Water (F) Construction (G) Trade (H) Hotel/Gastronomy ( I ) Transport / Communication (J / K) Finance / Real Estate etc. (M) Education (N) Health / Social Protection (O) Services (Q) NGO's / Organisations Economical Sectors: Primary Sector (NACE: A-B), Secondary Sector (C-F), Tertiary Sector (G-O,Q). Sectors by Owner: Public Sector: Governmental and governmental controlled institutions and enterprises. Private Sector: Private individuals, farms, businesses and companies.
33
Chapter 4 (vocational training): The Activation Rate shows the share of persons starting a training (Activation) within 12 months out of the average number of registered unemployed during this time. The Graduation Rate shows the share of persons graduating a training (Graduation) during the year out of the number of participants during the year.
7.1.3. ISCED Details International Standard Classification of Education
ISCED 0: Pre-primary Education: The initial stage of organised instruction, primarily to introduce very young children to a school-type environment. Such programmes are school- or centre-based, for children aged at least 3 years. ISCED 1: Primary Education: The beginning of systematic studies in reading, writing and mathematics. Programmes are designed on a unit or project basis (often with one teacher for all or most of the time) rather than on a subject basis (with different teachers for different subjects). The entry age is 5 to 7 years. ISCED 2: Lower Secondary Education: The beginning of subject based teaching - to complete the provision of basic education which began in ISCED 1 and to lay the foundation for life-long learning. The full implementation of basic skills occurs at this level. This stage is sub-divided: o o o ISCED 2A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3 in a sequence, which would ultimately lead to tertiary education. ISCED 2B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 3C. ISCED 2C programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labour market. To progress to ISCED 3 requires also complete ISCED 2A or 2B.
ISCED 3: (Upper) Secondary Education: Further specialisation compared to ISCED 2. This stage begins at the end of compulsory schooling. Entrance age is 15 or 16. Successful completion of ISCED 2 is required. This stage is further sub-divided: o o o ISCED 3A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5A. ISCED 3B programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5B. ISCED 3C programmes do not lead directly to tertiary education. To progress to either ISCED 5A or 5B requires also complete ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A.
ISCED 4: Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary Education: Programmes, which straddle the boundary between upper secondary and post-secondary education. The content is not sufficient to be regarded as tertiary programmes. Mostly not significantly advanced than ISCED 3 - to broaden the knowledge of students who completed ISCED 3. Programmes to prepare for the entry to tertiary education. This stage is further sub-divided: o o ISCED 4A programmes are designed for direct access to ISCED 5. ISCED 4B programmes are designed primarily for direct access to the labour market and do not give access to ISCED 5.
ISCED 5: First Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes whose content is more advanced than ISCED 3. Entry to these programmes requires the successful completion of programmes at ISCED 3A, 3B or 4A. This stage is further sub-divided: o ISCED 5A is largely theoretically based, intending to give access either to the advanced research programmes of ISCED 6 or to professions with high skills requirements (e.g. medical doctors). It may be necessary to take more than one qualification at ISCED 5A (e.g. a Bachelors and then a Masters) before entering ISCED 6.
34
ISCED 5B programmes focus on occupationally specific skills geared for direct access to the labour market. They are often shorter than programmes at ISCED 5A. Their theoretical content is usually insufficient to give access to advanced research programmes (without first completing a programme at ISCED 5A).
ISCED 6: Second Stage of Tertiary Education: Programmes, which lead to the award of an advanced, research qualification (usually doctorate level or beyond). The programmes are devoted to advanced study and original research and are not based on course-work alone.
7.2. Unemployment Overview 7.2.1. Unemployment Research

Source IOM 05/2000 SOK 03/2004 UNDP 2002 SOK 03/2004 Riinvest 01/2003 SOK 03/2004a SOK 2005 UNDP 2004 MLSW 03/2004* SOK 2005a MLSW 03/2005* MLSW 03/2006* SOK 2006 MLSW 04/2007* Table 22: Unemployment Overview DHS LFS 2001 KHDR LFS 2002 LFS DHS LFS 2003 KHDR / HDS 2003 Annual Report LFS 2004 Annual Report Annual Report LFS 2005 Annual Report Reference Year 2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005 2006 Unemployment Rate 50 % 57 % 50-55 % 55 % 39-49 % 53 % 50 % 44 % 43 %* 40 % 42 %* 42-44 %* 41% 39-42 %* Source MLSW / DLE Annual Report 2006
*Registered Unemployment Rate
35
7.2.2. Municipal Unemployment

Lacking capacities of SOK and MLSW still dont allow implementing further reliable investigations on the regional employment and unemployment situation. Differences in regional unemployment rates are still best shown by the UNDP Human Development Survey published in the UNDP Kosovo HDR 2004. Unemployment rates differ from 21 % to 67 %. A closer look on the municipalities reveals, that those with a predominant Serb population profit from significant lower rates. The UNDP Survey was based on questioning almost 6000 households with nearly 40000 family members. The Kosovan unemployment rate according to this survey was about 44%, what
Municipality Zubin Potok/Zubin Potok Zvean/Zvecan Leposaviq/Leposavic Rahovec/Orahovac Prishtin/Pritina Pej/Pec Prizren/Prizren Shtrpc/trpce Malishev/Malievo Suharek/Suva Reka Ferizaj/Uroevac Gjakov/akovica Vushtrri/Vucitrn Novobrd/Novo Brdo Kaanik/Kacanik Kamenic/Kamenica Unemployment Rate 21.15 % 22.81 % 27.26 % 28.39 % 30.26 % 34.90 % 35.00 % 35.59 % 37.92 % 41.89 % 41.90 % 42.26 % 42.95 % 43.70 % 45.28 % 46.31 % Municipality Gjilan/Gnjilane Lipjan/Lipljan Fush Kosov/Kosovo Polje Shtime/timlje Mitrovic/Mitrovica Viti/Vitina Istog/Istok Podujeva/Podujevo Dragash/Draga Obiliq/ Obilic Gllogovc/Glogovac Dean/Decani Klin/Klina Skenderaj/Srbica Rural Urban Unemployment Rate 47.69 % 48.91 % 49.10 % 49.21 % 51.62 % 52.39 % 54.93 % 55.17 % 56.85 % 58.23 % 64.06 % 64.72 % 67.20 % 67.39 % 48.62 % 39.97 %
Table 23: Unemployment Overview Source UNDP Kosovo Human Development Report 2004 UNDP 2004
remains near to the outcomes of MLSW-DLE.
7.3. Employment Service Performance Regional and Municipal Performance Rates

Current Registered 68066 Prishtin Fush-Kosov Gllogoc Lipjan Novobrd Obiliq Podujev Graanic Brnic e Poshtme 23164 5545 11836 10240 1018 5121 10406 689 47 Average 12 Months Placement Placement 12 Months Registered Placements Rate Staff Ratio Outflow 67185 1302 423 235 155 163 106 88 124 0 8 1.91% 1.83% 4.24% 1.31% 1.59% 10.41% 1.72% 1.19% 0.00% 17.02% 31:1 3384
Regions Prishtin
Municipalities
Outflow Rate 4.97%
Outflow Staff Ratio 81:1
36
Prizren Prizren Rahovec Suharek Dragash Ferizaj Ferizaj Kaanik Shtime Shtrpc Gjilan Gjilan Viti Kamenic Gjakov Gjakov Dean Malishev Pej Pej Istog Klin Mitrovic Mitrovic Skenderaj Vushtrri Zvean Zubin Potok Leposaviq ALL
54652 29113 6882 13030 5627 34629 18972 8120 3643 3894 35398 22708 5421 7269 38615 18118 12564 7933 37929 25287 5954 6688 63486 23865 18883 16696 2182 589 1271 332775
53577
1482 659 499 199 125
2.71% 2.26% 7.25% 1.53% 2.22% 2.09% 2.54% 1.28% 2.83% 0.92% 2.82% 3.02% 2.49% 2.43% 1.49% 1.83% 1.22% 1.15% 1.23% 0.87% 1.78% 2.11% 1.13% 1.22% 0.93% 0.96% 1.56% 6.28% 1.73% 1.88%
62:1
3103
5.68%
129:1
34073
724 481 104 103 36
38:1
1828
5.28%
96:1
34680
998 686 135 177
33:1
3666
10.36%
122:1
37864
575 331 153 91
27:1
1074
2.78%
51:1
37434
466 219 106 141
23:1
1235
3.26%
62:1
63124
718 290 175 160 34 37 22
28:1
2680
4.22%
103:1
327937
6265
34:1
16970
5.10%
93:1
Tab. 29: Placement Rates by Municipality 2006
A comparison of the municipal performance particularly regarding the placement-staff-ratio has to take into account overlapping duties regarding the staff working in those public employment offices, which at the same time have to implement different tasks of regional co-ordination (e.g. the IT officer, the operations manager and the regional director). Further on of course the ability to place registered unemployed persons into new jobs is not limited to an appropriate counselling procedure alone, but highly depends also on the general ability of the local economy, to absorb unemployment and to offer employment opportunities. Nevertheless, obvious regional disparities still allow questioning the right adjustment and implementation of administrative procedures and activities in the field of employment promotion.
Employment Services Performance by Age, Skills and Gender
Registered
Unemployed Total 06/2007 Average 327937 175119 152818
Inflow
Outflow
Placements
Training Activation Rate 0.95% 1.16% 0.71%
Total 12-Month Total 12-Month Increase Rate 06/2007 Rate 06/2007 Rate 26323 15351 10972 8.03% 8.77% 7.18% 16970 10746 6224 5.17% 6.14% 4.07% 2.9% 2.7% 3.2%
Total 12-Month Entries 06/2007 Rate* 6265 4538 1727 1.91% 2.59% 1.13% 3116 2024 1092
ALL Male Female
332775 177485 155290
37
Age 16-24 Male Female 25-39 Male Female 40-54 Male Female 55+ Male Female Skills Unskilled Male Female Male Female Skilled Male Female 2.nd School Male Female High School Male Female University Male Female 198364 87479 110885 7412 6499 29705 25172 4533 85818 54219 31599 2245 1388 857 2732 1817 915 194965 86094 108872 13710 7285 6425 29451 24897 4554 84898 53843 31054 2286 1394 892 2627 1771 856 13882 7096 6786 726 481 245 1714 1418 296 8333 5099 3234 547 284 263 1121 647 474 7.12% 8.24% 6.23% 5.30% 6.60% 3.81% 5.82% 5.70% 6.50% 9.82% 9.47% 10.41% 23.93% 20.38% 29.47% 42.68% 36.53% 55.38% 7411 4613 2798 451 280 171 1238 787 451 6458 4278 2180 617 293 324 795 476 319 3.80% 5.36% 2.57% 3.29% 3.84% 2.66% 4.20% 3.16% 9.90% 7.61% 7.95% 7.02% 26.99% 21.03% 36.31% 30.27% 26.88% 37.27% 3.4% 2.9% 3.7% 2.0% 2.8% 1.2% 1.6% 2.6% -3.3% 2.2% 1.5% 3.5% -3.0% -0.6% -6.6% 13.5% 10.4% 20.4% 2484 2056 428 173 110 63 396 364 32 2677 1682 995 95 57 38 440 265 175 1.27% 2.39% 0.39% 1.26% 1.51% 0.98% 1.34% 1.46% 0.70% 3.15% 3.12% 3.20% 4.16% 4.09% 4.26% 16.75% 14.96% 20.45% 781 580 201 39 25 14 175 153 22 1943 1203 740 58 16 42 120 47 73 0.40% 0.67% 0.18% 0.28% 0.34% 0.22% 0.59% 0.61% 0.48% 2.29% 2.23% 2.38% 2.54% 1.15% 4.71% 4.57% 2.65% 8.53% 97249 50597 46652 146475 77152 69323 66421 36354 30067 22630 13384 9246 95700 49694 46006 144416 76361 68056 65203 35687 29516 22618 13481 9137 8082 5002 3080 10905 6049 4856 5492 3361 2131 1844 981 863 8.45% 10.07% 6.69% 7.55% 7.92% 7.14% 8.42% 9.42% 7.22% 8.15% 7.28% 9.45% 4660 3038 1622 7016 4598 2418 3356 2128 1228 1938 1159 779 4.87% 6.11% 3.53% 4.86% 6.02% 3.55% 5.15% 5.96% 4.16% 8.57% 8.60% 8.53% 3.6% 4.0% 3.2% 2.7% 1.9% 3.6% 3.3% 3.5% 3.1% -0.4% -1.3% 0.9% 2328 1522 806 2826 2084 742 1011 834 177 100 94 6 2.43% 3.06% 1.75% 1.96% 2.73% 1.09% 1.55% 2.34% 0.60% 0.44% 0.70% 0.07% 1432 907 525 1361 914 447 316 197 119 7 6 1 1.50% 1.83% 1.14% 0.94% 1.20% 0.66% 0.48% 0.55% 0.40% 0.03% 0.04% 0.01%
Semi-skilled 13911
Table 33: Internal Performance Indicators Gender / Skills / Age
7.3.3. Registrations by Ethnicity
38
7.3.4. Registered Impaired
7.5. Labour Demand 39
Charts over 12 months (from 06/2006 to 06/2007)

450 400 4000
unskilled
Fig.36: Placement by Risk Groups 06/2007
Fig. 31: Inflow / Inflow by Gender 06/2007

300 Total Inflow
350
3500
250 200
15-24
3000
150 100
2500
50 0
2000
Jul-06
Aug-06
Sep-06
Oct-06
Nov-06
Dec-06 Male Inflow
Jan-07
Feb-07
Mar-07
Apr-07
May-07
Jun-07
1500
1000 Female Inflow 500
0 Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07
2500
900 800
Fig.33: Placement / Placement by Gender 06/2007 Fig .32: Outflow / Outflow by Gender 06/2007
700 600 500 400
2000
700 600 500
Total Outflow
Private
Fig.35: Placement by Owner 06/2007
1500
400 300
1000
Total Placement Male
200 100
500 600 0 Jul-06 500 0 400 Jul-06 300 200 100 0 Jul-06 -100
300 200
Male Outflow
Female
Fig.34: Placement by Sector 06/2007 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07
100 Female Outflow Public Aug-06 Sep-06 Oct-06 0
Nov-06
Dec-06
Jan-07
Feb-07
Aug-06 -100
Tertiary Jul-06 Aug-06 Sep-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Sep-06 Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07
Jun-07
Secondary
Primary
40
Oct-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Jan-07 Feb-07 Mar-07 Apr-07 May-07 Jun-07
Aug-06
Sep-06

Kosovo - Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 - Performance Report

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

Kosovo - Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 - Performance Report

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

PROVISIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF SELF GOVERNMENT GOVERNMENT OF KOSOVO MINISTRY OF LABOUR AND SOCIAL WELFARE

DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

Performance 7.4. Labour Demand

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

Table 1: Unemployment 06/2007

.Skills .Unskilled .Semi-skilled .Skilled .2nd. school .High school

% 4.2% 8.9% 0.7% 0.8%

.University 5a+ Table 2: Unemployment by Skills

2.1. Skills and Unemployment

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

2.2. Age and Unemployment

Total Registered 06/2007 97249

12 Months Inflow 8082

12 Months Outflow 4660

I R on monthly average 0.70%

O R on monthly average 0.41%

-0.4% 1 5-24 25-39 40-54 55-64

.All Minorities Table 4: Unemployment by Ethnicity

2.3. Ethnicity and Unemployment

All. Min. 7.0%

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

2.4. Gender and Unemployment

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

2.5. Regional Developments

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

Gjakov 7.8% 6.3% Gjakovica 3.8%

Prizren Prishtin Prizren Pritina 4.7% 2.7%

2.6. Unemployment-Staff Ratio / Regional Capacities

Table 7: Unemployment-Staff Ratio

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

Vacancy Advice Information Incentives

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

3.1.1. Vacancies by Sector

3.1.2. Vacancies by Skills

Table 8: Vacancy Registration Rate by skills levels

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

semi2nd. unskilled skilled skilled school 1.3% 2.8% 2.4% 3.0%

high school 7.7%

3.1.3. Vacancies by Region

Regions Ferizaj Gjakova

cumulated Increase 12-Months to 06/2006 675 -53.2% 758 3.0%

ASR 5/05 38:1 48:1

VRR 06/07 2.0% 2.0%

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

Fig. 1 1 5: 2-Months ASR byRegions

P rizren P rizren 65 Prishtin

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

over proportional decline of vacancies in relation to the development of realised placements.

Tab. 11: Placement by Skills

3.2.2. Placements by Skills

MLSW / DLE Kosovo Labour and Employment 06 / 2007 Performance Report

2nd. school 3.1 2% 2nd. school 1 04%