BUS RAPID TRANSIT (BRT)

STRUCTURE OF THE PRESENTATION

Need for public transport Importance of bus transport Description of BRT BRT project in Delhi

DELHI VIS A VIS THE WORLD

Population per sq. km.
Delhi (Urban) 13,930 Delhi (Whole) 9,340 Seoul 24,500 Singapore 8,700 Hong Kong 30,100 Tokyo 10,400 Kuala Lumpur 5,900 Paris (City) 24,448

Road Space as Percentage of Total Area:

Delhi 21% Tokyo 13% Munich 13% Hong Kong 12% Paris 11% Bangkok 11%

Present road length- 28,000 kms. with limited expansion possibilities

MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI

MOTOR VEHICLES REGISTERED IN DELHI
3400000 3200000 3000000 2800000 2600000 2400000 2200000 2000000 1800000 1600000 1400000 1200000 1000000 800000 600000 400000 200000 0

NO. OF VEHICLES REGISTERED

Cars/ Taxis

Two Wheelers

TSR

Buses & Other Heavy Vehicles

1981

1982

1983

1984

1985

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

YEAR (1981-2006)

2006

TRADITIONAL PROBLEM SOLVING : THE CAR ORIENTED INFRASTRUCTURE

SO WHAT IS THE SOLUTION?

EFFICIENT USE OF ROAD SPACE

50 cars

or 60 bicycles

or 1 bus

NATIONAL URBAN TRANSPORT POLICY

More equitable allocation of road space with people, rather than vehicles
Greater use of public transport and nonmotorized modes Reserving lanes and corridors exclusively for public transport and nonmotorized modes of travel
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DELHI MASTER PLAN 2021

According to Para 12.5 (iv) of the Plan On all roads with right of way (ROW) greater than 30 meters exclusive bus lanes will be planned to implement the Bus Rapid Transit System (BRTS) in a phased manner to cover the whole city.

SUPREME COURT RULING

I.A. No: 226 in writ petition (civil) Nos: 13029 of 1985

Quote: The EPCA shall also examine the issue of increase of High Capacity Bus System with existing public transport system

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BUS RAPID TRANSIT SYSTEMS

EXIST IN OVER 30 CITIES ACROSS THE GLOBE IN

ALL KINDS OF DEVELOPMENT SPECTRUMS,

CULTURAL TRAITS, DEMOGRAPHICS AND TRAFFIC CHARACTERSTICS.

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BRTS ACROSS THE WORLD

Latin Amrica Belo Horizonte Bogot Campias Curitiba Gociana Lima Porto Alegre Quito Recife Sao Paulo Mxico City North Amrica Honolulu Los ngeles Miami Canada Ottawa Pittsburgh Vancouver Asia Akita Fukuoka Gifu Kanazawa Europe Claremont Ferrand Kunming Miyazaki Eindhoven Nagaoka Essen Nagoya Ipswich Niigata Leeds Taipi Nancy Beijing Rouen Jakarta

BRT Systems in operation

Oceana Adelaide Brisbane
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BRT STATUS IN INDIAN CITIES. (JNURRM FUNDING APPROVED)

Pune

Ahmedabad
Indore

Bhopal
Jaipur Vishakhapatnam Hyderabad Nagpur Delhi
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Lloyd Wright

PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN WORLD CITIES

Trips per person per day
0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0

MRT

Bus

London

Singapore

Hong Kong

Delhi

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BRT MAJOR FACTS

BRT is a synthesis of 3 Es
EQUITY:
in terms of providing access across all strata of society at an acceptable cost

It combines the advantages of rail transit with flexibility of Bus service It is endorsed by institutions such as World Bank, Asian Development Bank etc. Being green it is the only transport project with the availability of World Bank GEF funding

ENVIRONMENT FRIENDLY: by way of reducing private vehicles and using green fuel

EFFICIENCY: by way of providing more throughput per unit of investment or road space

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In BRT commuters can only cross at the zebra crossings. Fatality rates will come down drastically. Experts observe that road based transport provides the most effective connectivity for residents. The Delhi BRT project has been implemented after rigorous analysis and consideration

16

ADVANTAGES OF BRT

BRT is on AT GRADE LEVEL so builds easier access BRT is a relatively inexpensive mode hence can be implemented more widely BRT can penetrate in less ROW areas
BRT Builds Flexibility

Gestation time is relatively short BRT has more stoppages and therefore provides user friendly changeover points

Shortest planning & construction time BRT - 1.5 years / Metro 3- to 5 years (~18km)

Efficient utilization of road space

BRT 5-20 crores / km

COST CONSIDERATIONS

Metro 125 to 220 crores / km

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Not affected by traffic jams

Lanes can be used by emergency vehicles

BRT lanes can be used by school buses etc also

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RAPID BOARDING AND ALIGHTING

Quito, Ecuador Porto Alegre, Brazil

Bus stop platform and bus floor at the same level Wider doors

Curitiba, Brazil

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BRT IS PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED FRIENDLY

WORLD OVER BRT USES THE CENTRAL LANE

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BRT: CAR 1 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 1 WAY. ROW ~ 18 M

Pedestrian path
Bus lane Car lane Bicycle lane

3 m x 2m
3.3 - 3.5 m 3.0 m X 2 None
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BRT: CAR 2 WAY 2 LANES, BUS 2 WAY. ROW: ~30-35 M

Pedestrian path
Bus lane Car lane Bicycle lane

4mx2
3.3 - 3.5 m x 2 3.0 m x 4 Mixed
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PEOPLE FLOW CAPACITIES Mode Bus (dedicated lane) Persons per lane (3m) per hour 15,000 25,000

Walking Bicycle Car

3 car lanes mixed 2 car + 1 bus - 10.5m - 10.5m

9,000 5,000 3,000

9,000 - 15,000 20,000 - 30,000 30,000 - 40,000

2 car + 1bus(BRT rationalised) - 10.5m

Pedestrians + bicycles using 4.5m additional rationalised space

from existing ROW will provide additional throughput of app. 10000 persons per hour
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DELHI CHARACTERSTICS AND PUBLIC TRANSPORT

Relatively low rise development Multiple business districts Delhi expanding in a radial mode Central City not the main destination Car 2-wheeler No vehicle about 15 % families about 35% families about 50% families
DWARKA ROHINII GHAZIABAD

50% people with no option but public transport Marginal cost of two wheeler trip about Rs 1.00 per km Maximum fare level cannot be higher Mixed land use patterns, strict zoning impossible Majority trips less than 10 km

GURGAON

FARIDABAD

Transit system therefore must be low cost and wide spread

SALIENT FEATURES OF SOLUTION FOR DELHI: AMBEDKAR NAGAR- DLEHI GATE CORRIDOR

The first corridor of BRT in Delhi is from Ambedkar Nagar to Delhi Gate. It is 14.5 km. long with minimum ROW at 28 meters and maximum ROW at 51.5 meters. Total cost of the project is Rs. 215 crores at an average cost of Rs. 14.83 crores/ km

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PEAK HOUR DENSITY OF BUSES

Peak Hour Density Ambedkar Nagar- Press Enclave Chirag Delhi - Andrews Ganj 93 75

Andrews Ganj - Moolchand

Moolchand - Bhagwan Das road Bhagwan Das Road - Delhi Gate

217
129 419

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SALIENT FEATURES OF AMBEDKAR NAGAR : DELHI GATE CORRIDOR

A total of 20 bus stops along the corridor are planned Generally 100-200 buses move on various sections during peak hour catering to a maximum PHPDT of about 10000 on an average day. Road width of 6.75m for MV will increase throughput as there will be no obstructions from mixed traffic (Buses, pedestrians, cycles and rickshaws) The project has been implemented after rigorous analysis and intensive stakeholder consultation and validated by national and international transportation experts This includes the benefits of the central bus lane over side bus lane.
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Breakup of Different Mode of Transport

Mode of Transport

% of trips made by mode

Two wheeler
Three wheeler Car Taxi Bus Others

17.59
2.80 6.94 0.06 62.0 10.61

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STANDARD SECTIONS STANDARD SECTIONS

FOOT PATH FOOT PATH SERVICE LANE UNPAVED CARRIGE WAY CARRIGE WAY SERVICE LANE FOOT FOOT PATH PATH 1.5m 6.5m

6m

7m

2m

11m

11m

2m

ES1 - Pushpa Vihar Quarters (Section 1 ) - Right of Way-51.5m

FOOT PATH SERVICE LANE

FOOT PATH NMV TRACK 2m 2.5m

MV LANE

BUS LANE

BUS LANE

MV LANE

FOOT PATH SERVICE LANE NMV TRACK FOOT PATH FOOT PATH

2m

10m

6.75m

3.3m

3.3m

6.75m

2.5m 2m
BREST WALL

2m

3.3m

2m

CS1 - Pushpa Vihar Quarters (Section 1 ) - Right of Way-51.5m

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SIDE LANE OR CENTRAL LANE?

Side lane: High friction from turning vehicles reduce capacity and efficiency

PEDESTRIAN CROSSING EASIER

MORNING

EVENNING

Total of six lanes are crossed at a time EXISTING SYSTEM , side bus lane

Total of three lanes are crossed at a time BR SYSTEM central bus lane

DEDICATED PARKING PLACES

Parking space for paratransit, scooters, cycles is generated. Central bus lanes allow for passenger parking on side lanes and interchange with other modes on the side without disrupting existing circulation to adjoining areas

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NO DUPLICATION OF SERVICES- Central Lane Option

Signal and telecom cabling not duplicated Preferential signaling to buses is easier Manpower deployment is optimized

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CHAOTIC MIXED MOVEMENT OF TRAFFIC

Ambedkar Nagar - 2005

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SMOOTH MOVEMENT OF TRAFFIC

Ambedkar Nagar - 2008

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DEDICATED LANES FOR ALL TRAFFIC

IMPROVED SPACE FOR CAR LANES , EXCLUSIVE CYCLE TRACKS AND CENTRAL BUS LANES

6.6 M BUS LANE (at intersections)

6.75 M MV LANE WIDTH IS LEFT AFTER BUS LANE ALLOCATION

3.5 M NMV (cycle 2.25m/pedes trian pathway 1.25)

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HAVE PEOPLE MOVED OUT?

CHIRAG DELHI INTERSECTION Evening Peak Hour

Traffic Volume
28-02-2008 24-04-2008

Vehicles
11,449 11,767

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IF BRT IS SO EFFICIENT THEN WHY THE PROTEST?

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 Zero Sum Game New Concept Change Management

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42

BUS RAPID TRANSIT

We have to invest in public transport, in roads with space for bicycles and pedestrians, Our cities have to become more livable and more people friendly.

Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister 31 Dec 2005

It does not matter what is done, traffic jams will become worse; unless a radically new model is adopted.

E-Penelosa- Ex Mayor of Bogota

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NUMBER OF VEHICLES
Total Number of Vehicles, February 28, April 24 and May 01- 07, 2008 (Figures in Number)
2,394 2,422 9,159 2,204 6,441 2,406 9,033 1,593 6,822 2,082 9,884 1,821 2,583 9,286 8,835 2,329 10,591 10,993

87,897

1,13,099

1,00,362

1,13,951

1,15,089

79,067

1,09,641

1,05,763

1,24,465

February 28 28
(Thursday)

April 24
(Thursday)

May 01
(Thursday)

May 02
(Friday)

May 03
(Saturday)

May 04
(Sunday)

May 05
(Monday)

May 06
(Tuesday)

May 07
(Wednesday)

Motorized Vehicles 44

Non-motorized Vehicles

Buses

THANK YOU

DIMTS Ltd.