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Ethnogaphique de l'Academie

Bulletin de l'In.stitut
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Ejup Mu.foviC

REGION OF PESTER AND ITS POPULATION

Peter is mountadnous area, plateau, at an altitude of over thousand

meters ~v sea level, wioth co1d climate, long winters and much snow. h
temperature here is usuay the 1owest in Yugoslavia. The PeSter pl1:eau is very
sWtale for sheep-a.nd-ca.ttle breeding. Sheep and cheese of this region are we!ll-

known.

The region of Pe:Ster is divided into the u.pper and the lower areas wblch
belon2: to the com.munL:ies of Sj-eni-ca and .utin in the district of Kra:ljevo.
The recent archeologica1 excatVations confirmed that PeSter wa'S populated
Dardanians a~bout three t-housand years ago, who were sheep-and-cattle-breeders.
Later, during the expan.sion of Slavs to the Balkans, PeSter was papulated
them. ln the .irdd!le Ages many villages were the properiy of monasteries.
The Tullk:ish cen-sus ot 1455 and 1483, as w.el! as that of the 16th cent-y,
registered Christianpopula-tn in the region of PeSter. However, 1n the late 17t.h
century PeSter wa-s depqpulated and t population migrated to tihe north with
Arsenije III CarnojeviC. h Turkish rUJJ.ers co1oized the area force with aout
270 famiiies of the Kmenlte tri:e from A1b.nia ( area). Za1ter PeSter w
colonized other ALbarn.ian tri1bes - Hotke Gege, alje, Hoti, Skrijelii. hese
Abanian peopples were punish-ed the Tur.ks in this way they had to live in
tbls area of hard climate and ;poor Iivi.ng condi.tions
Many .Hmate fames could not accli-matiiZe to the life at PeSter and
retur.ned to Albania, fig':itng against the 'Dui'Ikish guards who waated to .prevent
tbeir retum.. Some of the K.mente families mi.grated over the Sava rever in
1737. H<>wever, rnost of them .stayed at PeSter. h present i!IOPU1ation of PeSter
or,iginates fro:m. these fa.m.es.
IOimente were Cath.olics. However, they were Isla.mized. h 1-ost, in 1ihis
way, theii' ethnic properti<es. This was e>ecially vis~le fter the arrival of
,,muhadZeri" (Moo.lem refu,gees from Montenegro) to .r who mi:xed w!th the
local .population .imposing on them theilr customs and language. Kldmen>te preserved
their properies only in the vi:l.lages in wblch they did not mix with other
people. herefore there are o111ly fe\V villages where Al1>anian i:s spoken.
h papulation of P~ter had very f up to aout twenty years ago.
Edation, cultue, hoses, way of living, were at very low level. Al1 this,
however, improved within recent years wtih -the improvement of ving conditions
of the population (electric 1-ight, new macada.m roads, etc.)