Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Change
Greek speaking Orthodox Christian Increasingly oriental (eastern)
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Revival of Empire (A.D. 476-641) Withdrawal and Renewal (A.D. 641-867) Golden Age (A.D. 867-1081) Challenge from the West (A.D. 1081-1261) Palaeologian Emperors (A.D. 1261-1453)
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Eastern borders with Persia secured North Africa and Italy re-conquered Great period of architecture and culture Military expansion and building program were ultimately too expensive
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Byzantium militarized
Generals given both military and civil control of provinces Great estates controlled by military aristocracy form a type of feudalism
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Commeni dynasty
Byzantium again militarized and feudalized
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In 1453 the Ottoman Turks capture Constantinople, ending the Eastern Roman Empire
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12
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Byzantine Society
Unresolved conflict between Christian and Classical ideals
Religious formsdeeply spiritual, transcendently spiritual Classical values of restraint, dignity, and serenity, but somewhat suppressed humanismautocratic government, mans submission to divine
Orthodox Church
State control of the Church Iconoclast Controversy Religious and cultural expansion into Eastern Europe and Russia Continued conflict with the West
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13
The Spread of Eastern Orthodox Christianity and the Byzantine Cultural Sphere
Byzantine missionaries spread Eastern Orthodoxy to Bulgars, Serbs, Romanians, and Russians St. Methodius and St. Cyril devise a Slavic alphabet based on Byzantine Greek Byzantine cultural and governmental ideals adopted throughout Eastern Europe
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Whenever one assumes the role of historian, friendship and enmities have to be forgotten . . .
Cf. Tacitus without anger or partisanship remark