Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
SUBMITTED BY: Gksenin BOZDA SUBMITTED TO: Asst. Prof. Dr. Sevin AYDINLIK BECHTELER
December-2011
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CONTENTS
ABSTRACT....................... 3
A)MICROSTRIP CHEBSYSEHEV LOWPASS FILTER.... 1.CHEBSYSEHEV RESPONSE.. 2.CHEBSYSEHEV LOWPASS FILTER DESIGN..
4 5 5
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C)REFERENCES. 27
ABSTRACT
The ambition of the project is designing Microstrip Chebsysehev Low Pass and High Pass Filters. Some of the line calculations and design simulations have been done by the computer program, QUCS. Realization of the filters have not been done but the realization procedure and realization results will be added to this report as soon as it is possible. Finally, 5th degree Microstrip Chebsysehev Low Pass and 3rd degree Microstrip Chebsysehev High Pass Filters are designed and simulated.
While desining this type of lowpass filters we use some coefficients. The coefficients are got by calculation according to the formula given below or more generally look-up tables are used.
Where
For the required passband ripple LAr in dB, the minimum stopband attenuation LAs in dB at = s, the degree of a Chebyshev lowpass prototype, which will meet this specification, can be found by
Secondly; Lumped elements are changed with their microstrip equivalents. (Richards Transformation). Replacing inductors and capacitors by series and shunt stubs.
Third step is using unit elements converting short circuits to open circuits. (Kudoras Identities) N2 =1 + (Z2/Z1)
While Kurodas identities are applying, unit elements are put both left and right sight.
For this figure we should calculate N2 . N2 Z1=1 and (1/N2Z2)=1.7058 Then; N2=1+(Z2/Z1) = 1.5862 (Z1N2) = 1 Z1= 1/ 1.5862 = 0.6304 (second identity is used)
Now we use the first identity for short circuits at center. Z2/N2=0.3696 and Z1/N2=1.2296 Then; N2= 1 + (Z2/Z1) =1.3006 Z1 and Z2 are calculated as Z2=0.4807 Z1=1.5992 Lastly, we have to convert outer short circuits to open circuits so we again add unit elements and we again apply Kurodas first identity. Z2/N2 = 1 and Z1/N2 = 0.6304 Then; N2 = 1 + (Z2/Z1) = 2.5863 Z1 and Z2 are calculated as Z2=2.5863 Z1=1.6304
At fourth step, all impedances are de-normalized, microstrip equivalents are calculated. Impedance () Z1=Z5=2.5859*50=129.299 L1=L4=1.6304*50=81.5200 Z2=Z4=0.4793*50=23.9659 L2=L3=1.5992*50=79.9600 Z3=0.3936*50 =19.6800 Width (mm) 0.305 1.080 8.190 1.130 10.48 Eeff 3.00596 3.16777 3.76791 3.17625 3.85611 Length (mm) Qc=c/(fc*8* ) = 8.65166 Qc=c/(fc*8* ) = 8.42780 Qc=c/(fc*8* ) = 7.72753 Qc=c/(fc*8* ) = 8.41655 Qc=c/(fc*8* ) = 7.63865
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Figure 2 S11 and S12 response of the designed filt According to this figure we can obviously see that both lowpass characteristics and filter. cut-off frequency sliding are acceptable.
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For highpass applications, the filter has a primary passband from Qc to - Qc with a cutoff at Qc. The harmonic passbands occur periodically, centered at Q = 3/2, 5/2.
Impedances are de-normalized as Zi=Z0/Yi Zi,i+1=Z0/Yi,i+1. Generally length of short stubs are Qc and length of lines are 2Qc in design procedure of this filter type. On the other hand, according to my simulation results, I get the optimum results when I take length of short stubs are /8 and length of lines are 2/8. Additionaly, instead of using square root of Eff, I used Eff.
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Figure 4 S11 and S12 response of the designed highpass filter. According to this figure we can obviously see that both highpass characteristics and hpass cut ut-off frequency sliding are acceptable. (fc=2.5 GHz)
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Figure 6 S11 and S12 response of the designed highpass filter. According to this figure we can obviously see that both highpass characteristics and hpass cut ut-off frequency sliding are acceptable. (fc=3 GHz)
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E) REFERENCES
Books
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