Apple

The apple is the pomaceous fruit of the apple tree, species in the rose family (Rosaceae). It is one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits, and the most widely known of the many members of genus Malus that are used by humans. Apples grow on small, deciduous trees. The tree originated in Western Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found today. Apples have been grown for thousands of years in Asia and Europe, and were brought to North America by European colonists. Apples have been present in the mythology and religions of many cultures, including Norse, Greek and Christian traditions. In 2010, the fruit's genome was decoded, leading to new understandings of disease control and selective breeding in apple production. There are more than 7,500 known cultivars of apples, resulting in a range of desired characteristics. Different cultivars are bred for various tastes and uses, including in cooking, fresh eating and cider production. Domestic apples are generally propagated by grafting, although wild apples grow readily from seed. Trees are prone to a number of fungal, bacterial and pest problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic means. 1. Green Apple Green apples are light green in color with crisp hard white flesh. These are very juicy and have a tart taste as compared to red sweet tasting apples. They are large, round in shape with a depression from where they were attached to the tree. These are cultivated in moderate temperature, where winters is full of rainfall. a. Benefit of green apple Culinary Uses Green apples may be eaten raw, without adding any thing. These are best used in salads as its slices do not brown fast due to oxidation as compared to other apples. These apples can be chopped and added in mix fruit juices to give a wholesome blend of colorful mix fruit juice or fruit cocktail. They can be sliced thin and spread over apple pudding, or apple cake , as dressing, just to give a loud to the recipe. Green apples can be cored and stuffed with various fillings or may be used as a topping to decorate any dish. Health Benefits of Green Apples Green apples are good source of dietary fiber which helps in regulating bowel movements and so improves digestive property. Ultimately, it reduces the risk of colon cancer. The fiber content of apples helps in decreasing cholesterol levels in the body. Daily intake of apple reduces the risk of skin diseases. Consuming apples prevent digestive and liver problems. Eat a green apple after a non vegetarian meal for easy digestion.

Also, it contains a number of antioxidant such as polyphenol and flavonoid that decrease the risk of development of cancer by preventing DNA damage. Green apples contain malic and tartaric acids which neutralize indigestion, hence preventing constipation and diarrhea. As a source of pectin, protein, calcium, carbohydrates, sodium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, zinc and iron, green apples also help to purify blood, stop bleeding, clear gout and rheumatism, prevent gallstones, maintain cleanliness of the teeth, and enhance memory. It does not contain any cholesterol so helpful for people who are trying to decrease their weight. Apples can boost appetite with its secretion of organic acid to regulate intestinal peristalsis. On concerning to beauty, green apples are rich source of vitamins A, B and C and have nourishing and whitening effects on the skin. Cosmetic Benefits of Green Apples Apart from its high medicinal value, Green Apples also provide countless Beauty Benefits. If you are concerned about your beauty and only prefer Organic techniques to enhance your beauty then Green Apples are your best bet. Green Apple extracts are commonly used in various commercial skin care products. Due to its high Vitamin content, it can help you maintain your skin complexion and actually enhance the color leaving your skin fairer. A range of Skin diseases can be controlled by regular Green Apple diet. Common skin allergies caused by vitamin deficiency can be controlled. Last but not the least, It helps you maintain your teeth whiter and healthier One of the most important benefits of Green Apple to be considered is, it can prevent formation of Stones in the Gall bladder and serve various liver and kidney disorders caused by frequent drinking Smooth Apple Flesh can be applied on the skin for enhancing its beauty benefits and also controls the population of pimples 2. Red Apple Red Delicious is one of the most famous American apples, and one of the most widely grown apple varieties. Although the names are similar, Red Delicious and Golden Delicious are entirely different varieties. There are a lot of other similarities though: both varieties were discovered in the USA at the end of the 19th century, both need warm climates, both have interesting histories, and both are basically sweet apples. Red Delicious is "sport" of the original Delicious apple, the bright red colour making it more commercially successful, and it has become a very important commercial apple variety especially in North America. Red Delicious is a medium-sized apple, with a tall conical shape. The dark and intense crimson colour makes it the quintessential red apple, and

it is has strong shelf appeal. A number of improved "sports" have been developed, of which the most well-known is probably Starking. Unfortunately the visual appeal is not matched by the flavor. Red Delicious has a sweet but very mild flavor, somewhat reminscent of slightly over-ripe melon. The flesh is juicy and has a light crispness. The skin can be quite tough. Overall Red Delicious can be quite a refreshing apple to eat, but its chief characteristic is that it has almost no flavor at all. Some enthusiasts also believe that in the development of more highly coloured variants, the good flavor of the original Delicious has been bred out. Numerous further sports of Red Delicious have been developed, including: Oregon, Otago, Red Chief, Red King, Red Spur, Richared, Starking, Starkrimson, Starkspur. a. Nutrient in Red apple Vitamins and Minerals Among the vitamins and minerals in an apple, vitamin C has the highest content. Because the body does not store vitamin C, you should get some every day from your diet. Vitamin C helps with the wound-healing process, maintains bones and helps make collagen. A medium sized red 2 3/4 inch diameter apple contains 11 percent of your daily vitamin C and 1 percent of your daily vitamin A, in addition to 1 percent iron and calcium. Apples also contain some phosphorous, potassium and folate. Fiber Apples are also a good source of dietary fiber and carbohydrates. A single apple can contain as much as 21 g of carbohydrates and 4 g of dietary fiber. Dietary fiber aids in colon function and digestive health. Fiber can also help lower blood cholesterol. Carbohydrates give your body energy. Calories Apples are relatively low in calories. A medium apple contains around 80 calories. Because apples are low in calories, you can enjoy them as a healthy snack during the day without ruining a weight-loss diet. Bear in mind that larger apples will have more calories and dipping in sauce will also increase calories. Measure out the recommended serving size of the dipping sauce so you know how many more calories you are adding. Other Nutrients Apples have no fat, cholesterol or sodium and are not a good source of protein. To obtain the maximum nutrition from a red apple, leave the skin on because it contains most of the nutrient b. Benefit of red apple Get whiter, healthier teeth An apple wont replace your toothbrush, but biting and chewing an apple stimulates the production of saliva in your mouth, reducing tooth decay by lowering the levels of bacteria. Avoid Alzheimers

A new study performed on mice shows that drinking apple juice could keep Alzheimers away and fight the effects of aging on the brain. Mice in the study that were fed an appleenhanced diet showed higher levels of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and did better in maze tests than those on a regular diet. Protect against Parkinsons Research has shown that people who eat fruits and other high-fibre foods gain a certain amount of protection against Parkinsons, a disease characterized by a breakdown of the brains dopamine-producing nerve cells. Scientists have linked this to the free radicalfighting power of the antioxidants contained therein. Curb all sorts of cancers Scientists from the American Association for Cancer Research, among others, agree that the consumption of flavonol-rich apples could help reduce your risk of developing pancreatic cancer by up to 23 per cent. Researchers at Cornell University have identified several compoundstriterpenoidsin apple peel that have potent anti-growth activities against cancer cells in the liver, colon and breast. Their earlier research found that extracts from whole apples can reduce the number and size of mammary tumours in rats. Meanwhile, the National Cancer Institute in the U.S. has recommended a high fibre intake to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Decrease risk of diabetes Women who eat at least one apple a day are 28 percent less likely to develop type 2 diabetes than those who dont eat apples. Apples are loaded with soluble fibre, the key to blunting blood sugar swings. Reduce cholesterol The soluble fibre found in apples binds with fats in the intestine, which translates into lower cholesterol levels and a healthier you. Get a healthier heart An extensive body of research has linked high soluble fibre intake with a slower buildup of cholesterol-rich plaque in your arteries. The phenolic compound found in apple skins also prevents the cholesterol that gets into your system from solidifying on your artery walls. When plaque builds inside your arteries, it reduces blood flow to your heart, leading to coronary artery disease. Prevent gallstones Gallstones form when theres too much cholesterol in your bile for it to remain as a liquid, so it solidifies. They are particularly prevalent in the obese. To prevent gallstones, doctors recommend a diet high in fibre to help you control your weight and cholesterol levels. Beat diarrhea and constipation Whether you cant go to the bathroom or you just cant stop, fibre found in apples can help. Fibre can either pull water out of your colon to keep things moving along when youre backed up, or absorb excess water from your stool to slow your bowels down.

Neutralize irritable bowel syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome is characterized by constipation, diarrhea, and abdominal pain and bloating. To control these symptoms doctors recommend staying away from dairy and fatty foods while including a high intake of fibre in your diet. Avert hemorrhoids Hemorrhoids are a swollen vein in the anal canal and while not life threatening, these veins can be very painful. They are caused by too much pressure in the pelvic and rectal areas. Part and parcel with controlling constipation, fibre can prevent you from straining too much when going to the bathroom and thereby help alleviate hemorrhoids. Control your weight Many health problems are associated with being overweight, among them heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes and sleep apnea. To manage your weight and improve your overall health, doctors recommend a diet rich in fibre. Foods high in fibre will fill you up without costing you too many calories. Detoxify your liver Were constantly consuming toxins, whether it is from drinks or food, and your liver is responsible for clearing these toxins out of your body. Many doctors are skeptical of fad detox diets, saying they have the potential to do more harm than good. Luckily, one of the bestand easiestthings you can eat to help detoxify your liver is fruitslike apples. Boost immune system Red apples contain an antioxidant called quercetin. Recent studies have found that quercetin can help boost and fortify your immune system, especially when you're stressed out. Prevent cataract Though past studies have been divided on the issue, recent long-term studies suggest that people who have a diet rich in fruits that contain antioxidantslike applesare 10 to 15 per cent less likely to develop cataracts.

Orange
1. Lime Lime (from Arabic and French lim)[1] is a term referring to a citrus fruit which is typically round, green to yellow in colour, 36 cm in diameter, and containing sour and acidic pulp. Limes are a good source of vitamin C, and are often used to accent the flavours of foods and beverages. They are grown all year round and are usually smaller and less sour than lemons Limes may not be as popular as their cousin, the lemon, but they are a small citrus fruit packed with big benefits. Adding zest to many food dishes as an ingredient or a garnish, the lime may also be used as a salt substitute, which can benefit those watching their blood

pressure, reports the Centers for Disease Control. The health benefits of limes don't stop there, as they contain several nutrients that do a body good. Benefit and Nutrients of lime Vitamin C Limes contain several vitamins and minerals, including traces of B vitamins, vitamins D and K and minerals such as calcium, iron, phosphorus and magnesium. The vitamin in limes with the highest concentration is vitamin C, with one raw lime containing 19.5 mg or almost 20 percent of the recommended daily intake, according to nutrient data from the United States Department of Agriculture, or USDA. Necessary for good health, vitamin C aids in the maintenance of strong bones, teeth, healthy skin and blood vessels. As an antioxidant vitamin, it also helps prevent oxidative damage to the body caused by aging and environmental factors, thus aiding in the prevention of heart disease and various types of cancer. Vitamin C is an essential vitamin, meaning that daily intake is required. Being a water-soluble vitamin, any excess is not stored in the body but is excreted with urine. Fiber Even though your body does not digest fiber, it is a nutrient that is beneficial to overall health. The American Academy of Family Physicians reports that fiber in the diet reduces the risk of heart disease, cancer, high cholesterol and diabetes. It also helps ease constipation, irritable bowel syndrome and gives the sensation of fullness, which prevents overeating. One raw lime contains 1.9 g of fiber. Limonin Limes and other citrus fruits contain compounds called limonoids. One of the most prevalent limonoids in limes is called limonin. According to Gary Manners, a researcher with the Agricultural Research Service branch of the USDA, limonin is as prevalent as vitamin C in citrus fruits, and it offers numerous health benefits -- from lowering cholesterol to preventing several types of cancer. A study by researchers at Texas A&M University, published in the November 25, 2009 issue of the "Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry," found that limonin from limes is a powerful antioxidant and caused cell death of human pancreatic cancer 2. Mandarin Orange Mandarin oranges, sometimes called tangerines, are common additives in culinary cuisine. Their halves are placed into main dishes, salads and desserts, such as gelatin and pudding. The oil from mandarin oranges is used in tasty treats, providing flavor for candies, gum and ice cream. However, mandarin oranges do more than provide a pleasing taste. This citrus fruit has multiple health benefits, from reducing the risk of cancer to weight los Can Reduce the Risk of Developing Cancer Benefit and nutrients in mandarin orange Mandarin oranges can lower your risk of liver cancer, says the RxPG News site. Researchers at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine found that by drinking

mandarin juice, people who have chronic viral hepatitis can reduce their risk of developing liver cancer. In the one-year study, 30 participants who had viral hepatitis consumed a beverage containing mandarin juice daily and showed no signs of liver cancer. This is in contrast to the 8.9 percent rate of liver cancer found among the 45 participants who did not drink the daily beverage, says the site. Mandarin oranges provide you with up to 80 percent of your daily vitamin C intake, says the FitDay site. Vitamin C is multifold when it comes to health benefits, fighting off the unstable molecules in your body known as free radicals via its antioxidant properties. These are molecules with odd numbers of electrons that search for an even number by taking an electron from the stable free radicals in your body that can fight infections. This causes a chain reaction of making stable free radicals unstable and can eventually lead to bodily damage, such as protein damage and DNA damage. Antioxidants help stop this chain reaction, and stop the damage. Can Improve the Cholesterol The antioxidants in mandarin oranges can lower your bad cholesterol levels. They do this by combating the free radicals that oxidize your cholesterol, which makes the cholesterol stick to your artery walls, says FitDay. This causes blood to slow down when moving in the arteries, which can increase your risk of high blood pressure, stroke and heart disease. The attachment to the arteries can also cause an increase in liver disease as well, says the site. Can Help to Lose Weight These oranges are a substantial source for dietary fiber, with 3 g of fiber per 100-g serving, says FitDay. Regularly eating fiber helps you feel fuller for longer, which reduces your desire or need to eat more food, assisting in weight loss. In general, children and adults should take in about 20 g of fiber a day. However, you may need to take in more depending on the amount of calories you consume. For instance, men and teens may need to eat around 30 to 35 g of dietary fiber each day. However, eating mandarin oranges can supply you with a percentage of this daily requirement. 3. Pontianak orange Orange is a tropical to semitropical, evergreen, small flowering tree growing to about 5 to 8 m tall and bears seasonal fruits that measure about 3 inches in diameter and weigh about 100-150 g. Oranges are classified into two general categories, sweet and bitter, with the former being the type most commonly consumed. Popular sweet-varieties include Valencia, Navel, Persian variety, and blood orange. Fruits belonging to the citrus group are described as hesperidium, (A hesperidium is a scientific term to describe the fruit structure belonging to the citrus group. In fact, the fruit is a modified berry with tough, leathery rind. Orange peel contains many volatile oil glands in pits. Interior flesh is composed of segments, called carpels, made up of numerous fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized hair cells). Health benefits of oranges and it nutrients

Nutrients in oranges are plentiful and diverse. The fruit is low in calories, contains no saturated fats or cholesterol, but is rich in dietary fiber, pectin, which is very effective in persons with excess body weight. Pectin, by its action as a bulk laxative, helps to protect the mucous membrane of the colon by decreasing its exposure time to toxic substances as well as by binding to cancer-causing chemicals in the colon. Pectin has also been shown to reduce blood cholesterol levels by decreasing its re-absorption in the colon by binding to bile acids in the colon. Oranges, like other citrus fruits, is an excellent source of vitamin C (provides 53.2 mg per 100 g, about 90% of DRI); Vitamin C is a powerful natural antioxidant. Consumption of foods rich in vitamin C helps the body develop resistance against infectious agents and scavenge harmful, pro-inflammatory free radicals from the blood. Orange fruit contains a variety of phytochemicals. Hesperetin and Narigenin are flavonoids found in citrus fruits. Naringenin is found to have a bio-active effect on human health as antioxidant, free radical scavenger, anti-inflammatory, and immune system modulator. This substance has also been shown to reduce oxidant injury to DNA in vitro studies. Total antioxidant strength (ORAC) of oranges (navel variety) is 1819 mol TE/100 g. Oranges also contain very good levels of vitamin A, and other flavonoid antioxidants such as alpha and beta-carotenes, beta-cryptoxanthin, zea-xanthin and lutein. These compounds are known to have antioxidant properties. Vitamin A is also required for maintaining healthy mucus membranes and skin and is essential for vision. Consumption of natural fruits rich in flavonoids helps the body to protect from lung and oral cavity cancers. It is also a very good source of B-complex vitamins such as thiamin, pyridoxine, and folates. These vitamins are essential in the sense that body requires them from external sources to replenish. Orange fruit also contains a very good amount of minerals like potassium and calcium. Potassium is an important component of cell and body fluids that helps control heart rate and blood pressure through countering sodium actions. 4. Sunkist orange The bright color, fresh smell and great taste make Sunkist citrus nature's own healthy treat. With our newest fruit addition, Sunkist Premium Table Grapes, there are even more ways to enjoy the Sunkist goodness you've come to know and love. No matter what time of the year, whether you're hankering for a juicy orange, a refreshing grape, a fresh grapefruit, a zesty squeeze of lemon or one of Sunkist's seasonal specialties, like a Honey Mandarin, you'll find great taste, unbeatable nutrition and more in every easy-totote fruit. Benefit and nutrients in Sunkist orange Consuming the necessary vitamins, minerals and other nutrients that enhance one's total wellness through natural foods assures an optimal balance of nutrients, rather than running the risk of excess through the use of supplements.

Increased levels of stress suppress the body's immune function, and during these times many people tend to cuddle up with comfort food. For this reason, it is especially important to feed stress-related cravings with healthy foods that help build the immune system. The good news: a healthy lifestyle - including diet - works well as preventative care for both men and women. And the AHA urges prevention through choosing a diet with plenty of vegetables and fruits, like oranges, that contain heart-healthy nutrients such as Vitamin C, folate, pectin, potassium and phytochemicals. Studies show that eating 8 - 10 servings of fruits and vegetables lowers blood pressure readings comparable to that seen with the use of high- blood pressure medication.Studies show that people who eat fruit such as lemons, tangerines, oranges and other whole foods, tend to eat less at subsequent meals, compared to people who eat "lighter, more calorie-dense foods" such as chips, snack crackers, desserts or candy.Following a balanced diet that includes fruit, along with regular exercise will help bring weight down without jeopardizing your health.

SOURCES 1 http://www.healthdoes.com/benefits-of-green-apples/ 2 http://lobobrandon.hubpages.com/hub/Green-apple-benefits-the-various-benefits-ofgreen-apples 3 http://www.sweetadditions.net/food-drinks/green-apple-fruit-benefits 4 http://www.sunkist.com/videos/citrus-fruit-uses/default.aspx 5 http://www.hort.purdue.edu/ext/senior/fruits/orange1.htm 6 http://www.google.co.id/search?client=opera&rls=en&q=ORANGE&sourceid=opera&ie =utf-8&oe=utf-8 7 http://www.google.co.id/search?client=opera&rls=en&q=benefit+of+mandarin+orange& sourceid=opera&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8 8 http://www.google.co.id/search?client=opera&rls=en&q=benefit+of+mandarin+orange& sourceid=opera&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8 9 http://www.google.co.id/search?client=opera&rls=en&q=LIME&sourceid=opera&ie=utf -8&oe=utf-8