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Overview
Nuclear energy contributes about 4.1% of power generation in India. The share of
nuclear energy is expected to reach 9% by 2035.
Currently, there are 6 nuclear power plants generating about 4120 MW Power
Station.
Power Station
State
Type
Capacity (MW)
Kaiga
Karnataka
PHWR
660
Kakrapara
Gujarat
PHWR
440
Kalpakkam
Tamil Nadu
PHWR
440
Narora
Uttar Pardesh
PHWR
440
Rawatbhata
Rajasthan
PHWR
740
Tarapur
Maharashtra
BWR, PHWR
1400
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The largest nuclear power station in India is located in Tarapur, Maharashtra. The
largest research reactor is the Dhruva at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre
(BARC) in Mumbai.
Currently India uses two types of reactors for power production: Pressurised Heavy
Water Reactor (PHWR), Boiling Water Reactor (BWR). Additionally the Prototype
Fast Breeder Reactor is under experiments at the Madras Kalpakkam.
The Nuclear Power Corporation of India Ltd. (NPCIL) is the sole company authorised
to set up nuclear power plants in India.
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Power Station
State
Type
Capacity (MW)
Kaiga
Karnataka
PHWR
220
Kakrapar
Gujarat
PHWR
440
Kalpakkam
Tamil Nadu
PHWR
2000
Narora
Uttar Prdesh
PHWR
500
Rawatbhata
Rajasthan
PHWR
740
Tarapur
Maharashtra
BWR, PHWR
1400
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Australia has the largest reserves of Uranium in the world. Canada, which has the second
largest reserves, is the largest exporter of Uranium.
India has limited availability of Uranium reserves in the country (about 1% of world
availability).
The primary source of Uranium in India are the Jaduguda mines in Jharkhand.Uranium is
extracted in the form of Yellow Cake.
However, Thorium is widely available in the world. Worldwide,Thorium is about three times
as abundant Uranium.
India has about 25% of the worlds reserves of Thorium.
In India, Thorium is commonly found in the form of the mineral Monazite in the beach sands
of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
The waiver of restrictions on nuclear fuel supply by the Nuclear Suppliers Group in Sep 2008
has increased Indias opportunities for importing nuclear fuel (esp. Uranium).
India now has nuclear supply agreements with France (Sep 2008), the US (Sep 2008), the EU
Nov 2009), Canada (Nov 2009) and Russia (Dec 2009).
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The Department of Atomic Energy (DAE) functions directly under the Prime
Minister.The Department was established in 1958.
The DAE is responsible for all nuclear technology in India, including nuclear power
and nuclear research.
The Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) function under the DAE. The Commission was
established in 1948, but moved to the Dept. of Atomic Energy in 1958.
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Reactor
Fuel
Pressurised
water reactor
(PWR)
Pressurised Heavy
Water
Reactor (PHWR)
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Natural
uranium
Moderator
Heavy water
(D2O)
Coolant
Notes
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Enriched
uranium
Enriched
Uranium,Plutonium
Also non fissile
Uranium 238
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Light water
No moderator
Heavy water
Amorphous
carbon
Light water
Liquid metal
(usually liquid
Sodium)
Boiling water
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