Health Status Indicators

American Samoa
Australia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
China
Cook Islands
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
Japan
Kiribati
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Macao (China)
Malaysia
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Federated States of
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nauru
Nepal
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Pitcairn Islands
Republic of Korea
Samoa
Singapore
Solomon Islands
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Wallis and Futuna

d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
t
u
v
w
x
y
z
aa
ab
ac
ad
ae
af
ag
ah
ai
aj
ak
al
am
an
ao
ap
aq
ar
as
at
au
av
aw
ax
ay

Low birth
weight newborns
(%)15,48

Children with low

weight-for-age
(%)15,51

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

Total

Male

Female

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2002

2001

2001

n/a
72.6
54.3
52.9
65.3
47.5
64.1
61.6
58.8
58.8
n/a
n/a
n/a
53.5
58.1
75.0
54.0
47.0
n/a
63.2
57.8
54.8
57.7
55.6
51.7v
55.1
51.8
n/a
70.8
60.4
n/a
59.6
51.9
59.3
n/a
67.8
59.7
70.1
56.2
61.6
60.1
49.8
n/a
61.8
53.0
58.9
61.3
n/a

n/a
70.9
55.3
52.9
65.1
45.6
63.1
60.6
58.0
56.9
n/a
n/a
n/a
53.3
57.4
72.3
52.3
47.1
n/a
61.6
59.0
53.9
57.0
53.3
49.9v
52.7
52.5
n/a
69.5
58.9
n/a
58.7
51.4
57.1
n/a
64.8
59.2
68.8
55.4
59.2
57.7
47.9
n/a
61.9
53.0
58.5
59.8
n/a

n/a
74.3
53.3
52.9
65.5
49.5
65.2
62.7
59.7
60.6
n/a
n/a
n/a
53.6
58.9
77.7
55.6
47.0
n/a
64.8
56.6
55.7
58.4
58.0
53.5v
57.5
51.1
n/a
72.2
62.0
n/a
60.5
52.4
61.5
n/a
70.8
60.3
71.3
57.1
64.0
62.4
51.8
n/a
61.8
53.1
59.4
62.9
n/a

n/a
5.4
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
6.5
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
2.5
n/a
n/a
n/a
55.0 b
n/a
0.6 cd
n/a
n/a
41.4 o
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
67.0 b
n/a
n/a
6.5 o
19.5 z
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
27.0 o
n/a
n/a

n/a
4.6
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
7.1
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
2.3
n/a
n/a
n/a
31.0 b
n/a
0.7 cd
n/a
n/a
32.4 o
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
61.0 b
n/a
n/a
5.8 o
19.0 z
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
26.0 o
n/a
n/a

5 48
6 48
n/a
n/a
10 48
124 48,b
36 48,z
10 48
n/a
21 48,z
9 48
12 48,z
3 48
n/a
n/a
4 48,z
n/a
106 48,b
2 48,cd
9 44
n/a
31 48,q
n/a
31 48,cd
n/a
19 48
n/a
8 48,z
7 48,z
n/a
7 48,o
n/a
90 48,b
38 48,z
n/a
7 48,z
14 48
3 48,ay,cd
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
0 48,o
17 48,z
25 48,z
33 48,o
35 48
n/a

n/a
7 48
71
93
n/a
n/a
n/a
7 48
56
n/a
n/a
16 48,z
3 48
87
45
n/a
80
n/a
1 48,cd
10
38 cd
n/a
63
n/a
78 15,o,x
n/a
81
n/a
n/a
38
n/a
24
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
86
20
32
142
n/a
n/a
54 48,z
33 48,o
n/a
n/a

n/a
5 48
73
92
n/a
n/a
n/a
14 48
54
n/a
n/a
9 48,z
3 48
95
36
n/a
69
n/a
2 48,cd
8
43 cd
n/a
51
n/a
78 15,o,x
n/a
87
n/a
n/a
24
n/a
22
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
75
16
26
108
n/a
n/a
0 48,z
31 48,o
n/a
n/a

4.5 ci
1.8
3.5
5.1
2.3
4.8
1.8
2.7
2.0
2.9
2.5 o
2.7 ay,cd
1.0
3.1
2.4
1.3 ax
4.1
4.8
0.8 cd
2.9
2.8 8,e
4.6 50,ci
3.8
2.1
2.9
3.9
4.3
2.4 z
1.9
2.9
2.0 o
2.4
4.1
3.1 cd
n/a
1.2
4.2
1.3 cd
4.5
2.0
1.9
3.9
4.2 ci
3.3
3.8
4.2
2.3
2.9 ci

123
6 14,b
230 b
255 37,b
27
437 b
50 z
0
97 8
35
0
0 ay,cd
2
407 q
307 44
7
103
530 b
0 cd
30 z
78 8,cd
74 53
317 bn,cd
110 cd
255 35,o
300
415 z
34 cj
7o
0 cd
0b
0q
330 53,b
96 b,ax
n/a
15 b
20
3 ay,cd
295 cd
60 o,ao
13 b
800 11
0 cf
78
0
96 53,q
165
n/a

3.0 b
6.8 b
19.5 b
15.1 o
9.2 f
23.0 b
2.4 f
0.9 f
6.7 8,f
9.5 q
7.0
8.0
5.3 bp,f
23.0 p
7.7 g
n/a
8.2 f
18.0 q
6.4 cd
13.1
17.6
12.0 o
18.0 b
3.2 cd
15.0 b
n/a
23.2 g
7.0
6.3 b
0.0
19.0 b
9.0 q
10.0 f
16.7 b
n/a
4.0 f
2.6 cd
8.4
n/a
16.7 b
8.1 o
n/a
0.0 o
2.5 f
5.0 b
3.0 cd
7.0 f
n/a

n/a
n/a
47.7 o
18.7 o
13.0 k
45.2 b
10.0 b
n/a
20.2 8,cd,cy
8.0 cc
n/a
n/a
n/a
47.0 o
27.3 44
n/a
13.0 53,o
40.0 b
n/a
12.0 44,f
30.0
27.0 53,o
15.0 53,g
12.5 o
35.5 b
n/a
48.3 36
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
1.4 g
24.9 53,b
30.6 44
n/a
3.0 g,bq
1.9 o
14.0 cc
21.0 53,o
29.4 b
8.5 b
45.0 b
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
30.1 f
n/a

n/a
80.4
62.6
61.3
76.1
54.6
71.1
71.6
67.6 8,cd
67.3
n/a
77.8 48,ay,cd
n/a
61.0
66.4
81.9
64.1
55.1
78.9 48,ch
73.0 48
66.1
62.7
66.5
63.5 48
62.3 15,u
62.7
60.1
73.1 48,z
78.9
70.3
75.8 48,q
68.5
59.8
68.3
n/a
75.5
68.2
78.9 48,ay,cd
65.4
70.3
69.3
57.5
n/a
70.7
65.0 48
68.3 48,cd
71.3 48
n/a

Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at birth (years)14

n/a

n/a

77.4
62.6
60.2
74.8
51.9
69.6
69.2
63.5 8,cd
64.6
70.5 48,b
74.8 48,ay,cd
78.6 48
60.1
64.9
78.3 48,ax
61.8
54.1
77.2 48,ch
70.7 48
66.5
61.1
64.9
60.8 48
60.7 15,u
59.7
59.9
70.5 48,z
76.6
67.6
72.7 48,q
66.4
58.4
67.2 48,cd
n/a
71.8
66.8
76.9 48,ay,cd
63.6
67.2
66.0
54.8
n/a
70.0 48
64.0 48
67.1 48,cd
70.0 48
n/a

82.6
62.6
62.4
77.4
57.1
72.7
74.2
71.4 8,cd
70.3
75.4 48,b
81.0 48,ay,cd
84.5 48
62.0
67.9
85.2 48,ax
66.7
56.2
81.5 48,ch
75.3 48
65.6
64.6
68.1
66.5 48
63.9 15,u
66.5
60.2
76.1 48,z
81.2
73.3
79.0 48,q
70.9
61.5
72.5 48,cd
n/a
79.4
69.7
80.9 48,ay,cd
67.4
74.3
72.7
60.5
n/a
72.0 48
67.0 48
70.1 48,cd
73.0 48
n/a

48,ck

48,ck

Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births)15,48

6.4 b
5.0
51.0
60.5
8.3
95.0 b
30.0 44
6.8
21.1 8,cd
17.8
6.7
11.2 ay,cd
2.4
68.0 w
35.0 44
3.0
43.0 b
82.2 b
0.6 cd
6.2
14.0 8,cd
37.0 o
21.0 cd
23.5 cd
59.8 o
12.7
64.2 z
4.9 z
5.3 z
29.4 z
4.1 o
15.8 cd
64.0 b
29.0 z
n/a
6.2 o
19.3 z
2.2 ay,cd
66.0 o
15.4 q
21.5 z
70-95 11
0.0 o
9.8
19.2
27.0 o
26.0
n/a

Footnotes
a
b
c

Maternal
mortality ratio
(per 100,000
live births)15,48

Total fertility
rate (per
woman)14,48

Life expectancy at birth (years)14

Country/Area

Health Resources Indicators

Medium variant projection of the population for mid-year 2004

Data for 2000
Calculated from total population for 2004 and surface area for 2001 provided in
the source documents
Medium variant projection of annual average rate during the period
Data for 1995-2000
Data for 2002
Data for 1997
Estimated to be low income ($735 or less)
Due to rounding of decimal point, child plus elderly dependency ratios may not
add up to Total Dependency Ratio
Calculated from adult illiteracy rates provided in the source document
Data for 1996
Data for 1998/1999
Data for 1995-1999
Footnote in the source indicates that data refer to years or period other than as
specified in the column, differ from the standard definition, or refer to only part
of the country
Data for 1999
Data for 1995
Data for 1998
91.1% (single dose) 4.6% (two doses) during 1998
Percentage of total government budget for 2002
Coverage by NIDS during 2002
As reported by country for 1999
Figures not endorsed by country as official statistics
Data for 1994-1998
As reported by country for both male and female combined for 1999
For urban/rural areas for 1998
Data for 2001
Data for 1994-1999
Computed from data provided in the source documents for life
expectancy by sex
Ratio expressed in percentage
Data as of 1 March 2004
Data based on previous election
Data refer to latest year available during the period 1992-2001
Data for 1991
Data for 1998 children less than 7 years of age
Data for 1992
Data for 1999 for children < 3 years of age
Data for 1994
Data for 1993
Data for 1989
For Urban/Rural areas for 1990
For 1999 (MMR = 23 from VRS, MMR = 59.6 from surveillance system)
Data for 1987
Other than 15-24 age group
25-49 age group
Based on last sex of never married women 15-49 age group
Data for 2000/2001
Data for 1997-2000
Low variant projection
High variant projection
Estimate
Provisional figure

az
ba
bb
bc
bd
be
bf
bg
bh
bi
bj
bk
bl
bm
bn
bo
bp
bq
br
bs
bt
bu
bv
bw
bx
by
bz
ca
cb
cc
cd
ce
cf
cg
ch
ci
cj
ck
cl
cm
cn
co
cp
cq
cr
cs
ct
cu
cv
cw
cx
cy
cz

Per capita GDP at current market prices (in US$)

Per capita income at current market prices (in US$)
Per capita GNP at current market prices (in US$)
GNP per capita growth rate
This figure refers to the percentage of population aged 15 and above with
primary or above educational attainment
15-24 age group
Total health expenditure on health (as % of national income)
Fiscal year
Total expenditure on health (as % of GNP)
Public expense as percentage of national medical care expenditure
Figure in US$ (at average exchange rate)
includes midwives
Refers to registered nurse, licensed practical nurse and nursing assistant
Not relevant
Data refers to women age 15-44 years
Data refers to married women only
Figures excludes those with unknown birthweights
Data from a sub-national survey
Brunei Darussalam have never had a parliament
Computed data based on adult literacy rate
This figure refers to the percentage of population aged 15 & above with primary
or above educational attainment
Figure applies to age group 24-95 months
Figure are low estimates
Based on 25-49 unweighted cases
Data for 1988-1999
Data for 1990-2000
Data for 1996-2001
Data for 1996-2002
Figure applies to hospital deliveries only
Data for 1995-2003
Data for 2003
Data for 2004
Data for 2001-02
Data for 2002-03
Data for 1998-2001
Data for 2000-2005
Data for 1991-2001
Data for 2000-2002
Data for 2000-2004
Data for 1987-88
Data for 1989-90
Data for 1990-92
Data for 1998-2000
Data for 1994-98
Data for 1993-95
Data for 1988
Data for 1990-95
Data for 1995-96
Data for 1986
Data for 1999-2001
Data for 1991-96
Children < 7 years of age
Data for 1999-2000

Under-five mortality rate (per 1000 live births)14

Country/Area

American Samoa
Australia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
China
Cook Islands
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
Japan
Kiribati
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Macao (China)
Malaysia
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Federated States of
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nauru
Nepal
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Pitcairn Islands
Republic of Korea
Samoa
Singapore
Solomon Islands
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Wallis and Futuna

Total
expenditure
on health
(as % of
GDP)14,48

Public share
to total
health
expenditure
(%)14,48

Per capita
total health
expenditure
(international
dollars)14,48

Physicians
(per 10,000
population)8,15,48

Dentists
(per 10,000
population)15,48

Pharmacists
(per 10,000
population)15,48

Nurses
(per 10,000
population)15,48

Midwives
(per 10,000
population)15,48

2001
n/a
9.2 cf
3.5
3.9
2.7
11.8
5.4 f
2.3
2.5
3.0 f
n/a
n/a
5.2 f,ay
5.1
2.4
8.5 bf,bg
8.6
3.1
2.8 f
1.7 b,bh
6.7
9.8
7.8
4.7 f
2.1
7.5
5.2
9.2 o
8.2
7.7
n/a
9.2
4.4
3.1 bh
n/a
5.9 b
5.8 at
3.6 f,bg
5.0
3.6
3.7
9.8
n/a
5.5
5.4
3.8
1.4 f,ax
n/a

2001
98.0 cd
67.9 cf
44.2
90.6
98.4
14.9
37.2
67.6
73.4
67.1
n/a
n/a
51.9 ay,bg,cg
17.9
25.1
5.4 bg,bi
98.8
55.5
86.2 f
53.7
83.5
64.7
72.0
64.1 f
17.8
88.7
29.7
n/a
77.9 f
97.0
n/a
92.0
89.0
16.6
n/a
44.4
17.3 at
27.0 f,bg
93.5
48.9
57.1
59.5
n/a
61.6
53.4
59.2
28.5 b
n/a

2001
500 bj,cd
1,745 bj,cf
58
64
334 bj
3 f,bj
49 bj
238 bj
44
45 f,bj
n/a
1,032 b,bj
1,235 f,ay,bj
80
77
1,872 bg,bj
95 bj,cd
5 bj,cf
362 bj,cd
63 bj
263
190 bj
87 b,bj
23 f,bj
26
588 bj
63
1,149 o,bj
1,899 f,bj
417 bj,cf
519 b,bg,bj
426 bj
24 bj
31 bj
n/a
577 b,bj
86 bj
433 f,bg,bj
40 bj
122
254
n/a
143 ax,bj,cz
49 bj,bg,cg
66 bj
76 bj
6 f,ax,bj
n/a

2002
7.0 cd
26.4 cd
2.5 z
1.7 z
11.5
1.6 b
14.2 ay,cd
11.0 ce
32.0 z
4.5 cd
17.5 b
11.1 o
15.8
5.6 z
1.1 q
20.2 b
2.2 ce
n/a
26.6 cd
7.1
5.1 8,cd
4.6 b
5.7 cd
27.8
3.0 b
5.0 ce
1.6
21.4 z
21.3
17.7 ce
4.5 o
13.1 b
0.5 b
11.5
n/a
19.4
2.9 cd
15.0 cd
1.3 cd
3.7
3.0 b
0.6
12.5 ce
3.2
4.2 cd
1.4 ax,ce
5.7
5.4 cd

2002
2.1 cd
4.0 cd
n/a
n/a
2.0
0.2 b
n/a
3.0 ce
n/a
0.7 cd
4.5 b
2.1 o
2.8
n/a
n/a
7.2 b
0.3 ce
n/a
3.1 cd
0.9
n/a
0.8 b
1.2 cd
1.9
n/a
1.0 ce
n/a
5.7 z
4.2
11.8 ce
0.4 o
1.1 q
0.2 b
5.6
n/a
4.1
0.4 cd
2.8 cd
0.6 o
n/a
n/a
n/a
12.5 ce
1.4
2.1 cd
n/a
n/a
2.7 cd

2002
0.3 cd
8.0 cd
n/a
n/a
0.9
0.4 b
2.8
1.0 ce
n/a
1.1 cd
3.6 b
3.8 g
2.1
n/a
n/a
17.1 b
0.2 ce
n/a
n/a
1.2
n/a
0.4 b
1.5 cd
3.2
n/a
4.0 ce
n/a
4.5 z
10.2
5.9 ce
0.6 o
0.6 q
n/a
6.0
n/a
11.2
1.1 cd
3.0 cd
0.7 o
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.0 ce
0.4
2.1 cd
n/a
3.0
n/a

2002
18.1 cd
86.0 cd
n/a
n/a
47.2
6.2 b
9.6 ay,cd
36.6 ce
37.0 8
19.8 cd
35.9 b
43.4 g
63.9
n/a
n/a
85.0 b
26.5 ce
n/a
22.5 cd
14.4
n/a
29.3 b
21.1 cd
31.7
n/a
48.0 ce
n/a
48.1 z
81.5 bk,cd
82.4 ce
17.7 o
60.6 bl,ce
5.5 b
43.7
n/a
38.2
14.0 cd
44.0 cd
13.2 cd
n/a
n/a
n/a
68.8 ce
32.3
31.4 cd
14.3 ax,ce
5.8
n/a

2002
0.1 cd
5.2 cd
n/a
n/a
13.5
2.3 b
n/a
13.5 ce
n/a
n/a
15.8 b
n/a
7.6
n/a
n/a
1.9 b
3.6 ce
n/a
n/a
3.7
n/a
n/a
1.8 cd
2.5
n/a
2.0 ce
n/a
15.0 z
8.8 cd
11.8 ce
2.0 o
0.6 q
n/a
17.7
n/a
1.9
3.1 cd
0.9 cd
0.5 o
n/a
n/a
n/a
31.3 ce
2.1
10.5 cd
2.3 ax,ce
1.9
3.4 cd

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30

UN, World Population Prospects, The 2002 Revision, Volume I: Comprehensive

Tables, New York, 2003
UN, 2001 Demographic Yearbook, New York, 2003
UN, World Urbanization Prospects, The 2003 Revision, New York, 2004
World Bank, World Development Report 2004, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2004
UNDP, Human Development Report 2004, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2004
UNESCO, http://www.unesco.org, July 2004 assessment
UNESCO, Statistical Yearbook 1999
WHO, Regional Office for South-East Asia, Routine and ad hoc reports from
countries to the EHI Unit, New Delhi
UNESCO, http://www.unesco.org, October 2002
UNICEF, The State of the Worlds Children 2004, Oxford University Press,
New York, 2004
Timor-Leste, Health Profile, Dili, 26 August 2002
Bhutan, Ministry of Health and Education, Report on National Health Survey
2000
Maldives, Statistical Yearbook of Maldives 2004
WHO Geneva, The World Health Report 2004, Geneva, 2004
WHO, Regional Office for South-East Asia, Health Situation in the South-East
Asia Region 1998-2000, New Delhi, 2002
WHO, Regional Office for South-East Asia, country reported HFA data set 1997
http://millennium indicators.un.org/unsd, FAO estimates (3690), July 2003
World Bank, http://www.developmentgoals.com World Development Indicators
database, April 2002
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [29996], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [30001], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNICEF [29998], July 2003
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNICEF [29997], July 2003
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [29982], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [30002], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [29983], July 2003
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO-UNICEF [27910], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO-UNICEF [27920], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO estimates [29986], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [30026], July 2003
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, WHO [30020], April 2003

31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52

53

54
55
56

http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNAIDS [30008], April 2003

http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNAIDS [30017], June 2004
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNAIDS [29987], June 2004
WHO Geneva, The World Health Report 2003 (draft) Annex tables and MDG
data set (draft), June 2003
Myanmar, Health in Myanmar 2002
Nepal, Demographic and Health Survey 2001
Country presentations at the consultative meeting on MDG dataset, June 2003,
SEARO, New Delhi
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd, UNAIDS [30008], June 2004
WHO Geneva, Global Tuberculosis Control, WHO Report 2004
Maldives, country comments received, September 2003
World Bank, 2004 World Development Indicators
ESCAP, 2004 Population data sheet
WHO Geneva, The World Health Report 2004
Country MDG reports
WHO, Regional Office for South-East Asia, data received from technical units
National Population Projections Tables, Statistics New Zealand (http://
www.stats.govt.nz)
Results of population projections for whole country, Geographic regions and
61 provinces/cities, Vietnam 1990-2004, General Statistical Office
Western Pacific, Country Health Information Profiles 2004 Revision, World
Health Organization Regional Office for the Western-Pacific, 2004
Pacific Human Development Report 1999 (Creating opportunities), United
Nations Development Programme
Demographic Tables, 2000-2005 for the Western Pacific Region, WHO Regional
Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, 2003
WHO, Regional Office for Western Pacific, data received from technical units
WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation,
Meeting the MDG Drinking Water and Sanitation target: A mid-term assessment
of progress, 2004.
Pacific Island Regional Millennium Development Goals Report 2004, Secretariat
of the Pacific Community/UN/CROP MDG Working Group, November 2004,
New Caledonia
ESCAP/UNDP, Promoting the Millennium Development Goals in Asia and the
Pacific: Meeting the Challenges of Poverty Reduction 2003
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/, WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA {1000},
February 2005
http://millenniumindicators.un.org/unsd/, UNICEF {25730}, February 2005

The footnotes/data sources include explanatory notes regarding major discrepancies with other official sources, where reference year
differ from the year or period shown, where definitions differ how data values were calculated, or where other primary sources of data have
been cited. Footnotes by superscript alphabetic characters and Sources by superscript numeric characters are indicated either following
the indicator title or following the data value of the indicator for a particular country. Where data are not available, n/a has been indicated.

Hospital beds
(per 10,000
population)15,48

2002
18.2 cd
39.9 cf
3.4 z
16.0 z
27.4
5.8 z
22.4 ay,cd
40.1 ce
132.0 8
26.2 o
37.1 cd
14.5 b
51.8
6.9 q
6.0 q
129.4 z
15.3 ce
9.3
25.6 cd
17.6 z
22.6 8,cd
20.6 o
28.3 b
75.2
6.3 b
59.6 ce
1.5 z
44.3 b
59.9
72.7 cd
11.8 b
44.2 q
n/a
11.5
n/a
66.3
15.0
28.2 cd
21.5 cd
29.0 b
22.3 o
n/a
112.6 ce
29.3 ce
39.7 z
19.5 cd
14.0
50.0 cd

Country/Area

American Samoa
Australia
Bangladesh
Bhutan
Brunei Darussalam
Cambodia
China
Cook Islands
Democratic People's Republic of Korea
Fiji
French Polynesia
Guam
Hong Kong (China)
India
Indonesia
Japan
Kiribati
Lao People's Democratic Republic
Macao (China)
Malaysia
Maldives
Marshall Islands
Micronesia, Federated States of
Mongolia
Myanmar
Nauru
Nepal
New Caledonia
New Zealand
Niue
Northern Mariana Islands
Palau
Papua New Guinea
Philippines
Pitcairn Islands
Republic of Korea
Samoa
Singapore
Solomon Islands
Sri Lanka
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Tokelau
Tonga
Tuvalu
Vanuatu
Viet Nam
Wallis and Futuna

Life
expectancy at
birth ratio
(female as a
% of male)14,44

Genderrelated
development
index (GDI)5

Gender
empowerment
measure
(GEM)5

Ratio of
earned
income
(female as %
of male)5,ac

Seats in
parliament
held by
women (%
of total) 5,ad

Women
professional
and technical
workers (%
of total)5,af

Adult
literacy
ratio (female
as a % of
male)6,bs

2002
n/a
106.7 ck
100.0 14,ab
103.7 14,ab
103.5
110.0
104.5
107.2
104.2 14,ab
108.8
107.0 b
108.3 ay,cd
107.5
103.2 14,ab
104.6 14,ab
108.8 ax
107.9
103.9
105.6 ch
106.5
98.6 14,ab
105.7
104.9
109.4
110.0 14,ab
111.4
100.5 14,ab
107.9 z
106.0
108.4
108.7 q
106.8
105.3
107.9 cd
n/a
110.6
104.3
105.2 ay,cd
106.0
110.6 14,ab
110.2 14,ab
110.4 14,ab
n/a
102.9
104.7
104.5 cd
104.3
n/a

2002
n/a
0.945
0.499
n/a
n/a
0.557
0.741
n/a
n/a
0.747
n/a
n/a
0.898
0.572
0.685
0.932
n/a
0.528
n/a
0.786
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.664
n/a
n/a
0.484
n/a
0.924
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.536
0.751
n/a
0.882
n/a
0.884
n/a
0.738
0.766
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.689
n/a

2002
n/a
0.806
0.218
n/a
n/a
0.364
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.335
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.531
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.519
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.429
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.772
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.542
n/a
0.377
n/a
0.648
n/a
0.276
0.461
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

2002
n/a
71
56
n/a
n/a
77
66
n/a
n/a
36
n/a
n/a
56
38
51
46
n/a
65
n/a
40
n/a
n/a
n/a
67
n/a
n/a
50
n/a
69
n/a
n/a
n/a
58
59
n/a
46
n/a
50
69
57
61
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
69
n/a

2004
n/a
26.5
2.0
9.3

2001
n/a
55
25
n/a
n/a
33
n/a
n/a
n/a
9
n/a
n/a
40
n/a
n/a
46
n/a
n/a
n/a
45
40
n/a
n/a
66
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
52
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
62
n/a
34
n/a
43
n/a
49
55
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a

2001/2002
n/a
n/a
62.4 ab
55.0 ab
95.1 f
73.4 cl
91.0 cl
99.0 f
100.0 ab
96.7 cl
n/a
n/a
93.0 bt,f
66.4 ab
90.2 ab
n/a
102.2 b
72.2 b
92.1 z
92.8 cl
99.9 ab
100.4 o
98.9 b
99.5 f
91.3 ab
n/a
42.9 ab
98.7 cl
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
83.2 b
100.2 cl
n/a
97.4 z
99.5 cl
94.1 cd
79.8 o
94.6 ab
95.4 ab
n/a
n/a
100.1 cl
n/a
n/a
92.5 cl
n/a

br

10.9
20.2
n/a
20.1 8,cd
6.0
n/a
n/a
n/a
9.3
8.0
9.9
n/a
22.9
n/a
16.3
6.0
n/a
n/a
10.5
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
28.3
n/a
n/a
n/a
0.9
17.2
n/a
5.9
6.1
16.0
0.0
4.4
9.6
26.1
n/a
0.0
n/a
1.9
27.3
n/a

Secondary
Primary
school enrol- school enrolment ratio
ment ratio
(female as a (female as a
6
% of male)
% of male)6
2001/2002
n/a
100.0
101.0 ab
75.6 ab
99.1
89.2
100.0
n/a
93.5 ab
100.0
n/a
n/a
100.0
84.1 ab
98.2 ab
100.0
n/a
86.2
94.4
100.0
99.2 ab
n/a
n/a
103.1
100.0 ab
n/a
86.9 ab
n/a
100.0
94.2
n/a
n/a
89.6
98.2
n/a
100.0
97.1
n/a
n/a
99.1 ab
96.0 ab
n/a
n/a
97.4
n/a
99.1
93.5
n/a

2001/2002
n/a
98.7
108.9 ab
28.6 ab
107.1
59.3
n/a
n/a
n/a
106.4
n/a
n/a
100.0
71.4 ab
100.0 ab
101.0
n/a
72.3
105.9
110.6
106.3 ab
n/a
n/a
120.3
92.7 ab
n/a
74.0 ab
n/a
n/a
97.9
n/a
n/a
77.8
110.3
n/a
100.0
111.3
n/a
n/a
106.6 ab
95.3 ab
n/a
n/a
112.8
n/a
103.6
93.1
n/a

Definitions for Indicators

Sources of Data
1

Gender Equity Indicators

Adult literacy rate (%): is the percentage of persons aged 15 years and above who
can read and write. The application of this definition is subject to qualifiers in each
country and at each census. (UN, 2000 Demographic Yearbook) Adult literacy ratio
(females as a % of males): is the ratio of adult literacy of females to that of males,
expressed as a percentage. Annual population growth rate (%): is computed by
taking into account the crude birth rate, the crude death rate, and the net international
migration rate of a country for a given year. (Rates have been computed as average
annual rates of population growth over periods of five years.) It is an algebraic sum of
the natural growth rate (crude birth rate minus crude death rate) and the net international
migration rate, expressed as a percentage. (UN, World Population Prospects, The
2000 Revision) Average annual change in consumer price index (%): it reflects
changes in the cost to the average consumer of acquiring a basket of goods and
services that may be fixed or changed at specified intervals. (UNDP, Human
Development Report 2002) Average annual rate of change of the urban population
(%): is the average annual rate of change in the percentage of the urban population
computed from the total increase in the urban population over five year periods, based
on the methodology of the Population Division of the United Nations. (UN, World
Urbanization Prospects, the 1999 Revision) Children with low weight-for-age (%):
is the number of children with low weight-for-age as a percentage of the children
weighed. Children whose nutritional status (weight-for-age) is low are those whose
status falls below 80% of the median weight of reference value or below 2 standard
deviations of the national or international reference populations, such as growth charts
of the US National Center for Health Statistics. (UNICEF, The State of Worlds Children,
2000) Crude birth rate (per 1000 population): is the annual number of live births
occurring per thousand mid-year population. (UN, 1993 Demographic Yearbook) Crude
death rate (per 1000 population): is the annual number of deaths occurring per
thousand mid-year population. (UN, 2000 Demographic Yearbook) Deliveries attended
by skilled health personnel : is the number of deliveries attended by trained personnel
per 100 deliveries. (WHO) Dentists per 10,000 population: is the ratio of the total
number of dentists working in the country to the total population, expressed per 10,000
population. Dependency ratio - Old-age: is the ratio of persons 65 years and above
to those in the economically productive age group (15-64 years), i.e. the number of
persons 65 years and above per 100 persons between 15 and 64 years Dependency
ratio - Total: is the ratio of persons in the dependent ages (under 15 years plus 65
years and above) to those in the economically productive age group (15-64 years),
i.e. the number of persons under 15 years plus those 65 years and above per 100
persons between 15 and 64 years. Dependency ratio - Young: is the ratio of children
under 15 years to those in the economically productive age group (15-64 years), i.e.
the number of persons under 15 years per 100 persons between 15 and 64 years.
Gender Empowerment Measure (GEM): is an index which focuses on three variables
that reflect womens participation in political decision making, their access to
professional opportunities, and their earning power. (UNDP, Human Development
Report 2003) Gender-related Development Index (GDI): is an adjustment of the
human development index (HDI) for gender equity in life expectancy, educational
attainment and income. (UNDP, Human Development Report 2003) Gross Domestic
Product (GDP) per capita growth rate (%): is based on GDP measured in constant
prices. Growth in GDP is considered a broad measure of the growth of an economy.

GDP in constant prices can be estimated by measuring the total quality of goods and
services produced in a period, valuing prices, and subtracting the cost of intermediate
inputs, also in constant prices. (World Bank, World Development Report 2002) Gross
National Income (GNI) per capita (US $): Formerly Gross National Product or GNP,
the broadest measure of national income, measures total value added from domestic
and foreign sources claimed by residents. GNI comprises Gross Domestic Product
(GDP) plus net receipts of primary income from foreign sources. Data are converted
from national currency to current US Dollars using the World Bank Atlas Method. This
involves using a 3-year average of exchange rates. (World Bank, World Development
Report 2002) Gross primary school enrolment ratio (%): is the total enrolment in
first-level education, regardless of age, divided by the population of the age-group
which officially corresponds to primary schooling. (UNESCO, World Education Report
1995) Gross secondary school enrolment ratio (%): is the total enrolment in secondlevel education, regardless of age, divided by the population of the age-group which
officially corresponds to secondary schooling. (UNESCO, World Education Report
1995) Healthy Life Expectancy (HALE) at birth (years): is the full health life
expectancy at birth. It is the number of years a newborn child is expected to live in full
health during his/her life time subject to health risks prevailing for a cross section of
the population at the time of his/her birth. In other words, it is the life expectancy at
birth minus the total time expected to be lost being in ill health. (WHO, The World
Health Report 2002) Hospital beds per 10,000 population: is the ratio of the total
number of hospital beds available in the country to the total population, expressed per
10,000 population. Human development index (HDI): is a composite of three
indicators which reflect important dimensions of human development: longevity as
measured by life expectancy at birth; educational attainment as measured by a
combination of adult literacy (two-thirds weight) and combined primary, secondary
and tertiary enrolment ratios (one-third weight); and standard of living as measured
by real GDP per capita (in purchasing power parity dollars). (UNDP, Human
Development Report 2003) Infant mortality rate (per 1000 live births): is the number
of deaths under one year of age per 1000 live births. (WHO, International Statistical
Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) Infants immunized with
BCG (%): is the percentage of infants immunized against tuberculosis (one dose)
before reaching their first birthday. (WHO, Implementation of Strategies for Health for
All by the Year 2000, Third Monitoring of Progress, Common Framework) Infants
immunized with DTP3 (%): is the percentage of infants immunized against diphtheria,
tetanus, and whooping cough (three doses according to the immunization scheme
adopted in the country) before reaching their first birthday. (WHO, Implementation of
Strategies for Health for All by the Year 2000, Third Monitoring of Progress, Common
Framework) Infants immunized with HepB3 (%): is the percentage of infants
immunized against Hepatitis B (three doses according to the immunization scheme
adopted in the country) before reaching their first birthday (WHO) Infants immunized
with measles vaccine (%): is the percentage of infants fully immunized against
measles (one dose) before reaching their first birthday. (WHO, Implementation of
Strategies for Health for All by the Year 2000, Third Monitoring of Progress, Common
Framework) Infants immunized with OPV3 (%): is the percentage of infants
immunized against poliomyelitis (three doses) before reaching their first birthday.
(WHO, Implementation of Strategies for Health for All by the Year 2000, Third Monitoring

of Progress, Common Framework) Life expectancy at birth (years): is the number

of years newborn children would live if subject to the mortality risks prevailing for a
cross-section of the population at the time of their birth. (UNICEF, The State of the
Worlds Children 2003) Life expectancy at birth ratio (females as a % of males): is
the ratio of the life expectancy at birth of females to that of males, expressed as a
percentage. Low birth weight newborns (%): is the number of liveborn babies with
birth weight less than 2500 grams as a percentage of the total number of liveborn
babies weighed, with the measurement being taken preferably within the first hours of
life, before significant postnatal weight loss has occurred. (WHO, Implementation of
Strategies for Health for All by the Year 2000, Third Monitoring of Progress, Common
Framework) Maternal mortality ratio (per 100,000 live births): is the number of
maternal deaths per 100,000 live births; may also be expressed per 1000 or 10,000
live births. A maternal death is the death of a woman while pregnant or within 42 days
of termination of pregnancy, from any cause related to or aggravated by the pregnancy
or its management, but not from accidental or incidental causes. (WHO, International
Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) Midwives per
10,000 population: is the ratio of total number of midwives working in the country to
the total population, expressed per 10,000 population. Nurses per 10,000 population:
is the ratio of total number of nurses working in the country to the total population,
expressed per 10,000 population. Per capita total health expenditure (international
dollars): is the average amount in international dollars spent per person on health in
the country. Pharmacists per 10,000 population: is the ratio of total number of
pharmacists working in the country to the total population, expressed per 10,000
population. Physicians per 10,000 population: is the ratio of total number of
physicians working in the country to the total population, expressed per 10,000
population. Population density (per sq km): is the number of persons in the total
population for a given year per square kilometer of total surface area. (UN, 2000
Demographic Yearbook) Population with access to adequate sanitation (%): is the
percentage of the population with adequate excreta-disposal facilities that can
effectively prevent human, animal and insect contact with excreta. (WHO, The World
Health Report 1996) Population with access to safe water (%): is the percentage of
the population with safe drinking-water available in the home or with reasonable access
to treated surface waters and untreated but uncontaminated water such as that from
protected boreholes, springs and sanitary wells. (WHO, The World Health Report
1996) Pregnant women attended by skilled health personnel (%) : is the number
of pregnant women cared for during pregnancy by personnel trained for pregnancy
and childbirth per 100 live births. (WHO) Pregnant women immunized with tetanus
toxoid (%): is the number of pregnant women immunized with two or more doses of
tetanus toxoid per 100 live births. (WHO) Primary school enrolment ratio (females
as a % of males): is the ratio of the primary school enrolment ratio of females to the
primary school enrolment ratio of males, expressed as a percentage. Public share to
total health expenditure (%): is the proportion of government expenditure on health
to the total health expenditure. Ratio of earned income (females as % of males): is
the ratio of estimated female earned income to estimated male earned income,
expressed as a percentage. (UNDP, Human Development Report 2002) Seats in
parliament held by women (% of total): is the proportion of parliament seats held by
women to those held by men. Secondary school enrolment ratio (females as a %

of males): is the ratio of the secondary school enrolment ratio of females to the
secondary school enrolment ratio of males, expressed as a percentage. Surface area
(thousands of sq km): refers to the total surface area, comprising land area and
inland waters (assumed to consist of major rivers and lakes) and excluding only polar
regions and uninhabited islands. (UN, 2000 Demographic Yearbook) Total expenditure
on health (as % of GDP): is the ratio of total expenditure on health from all sources to
the gross domestic product of the country, expressed in percentage. Total fertility
rate (per woman): represents the number of children that would be born to a woman
if she were to live to the end of her childbearing years and bear children at each age
in accordance with prevailing age-specific fertility rates. (UNICEF, The State of the
Worlds Children 1996) Total population (thousands): is the mid-year estimate of
the total population of a country or area as prepared by the Population Division of the
United Nations based on their methodology for estimations and projections to provide
a consistent series of demographic parameters for every country of the world. (UN,
World Population Prospects, The 1994 Revision) Under-five mortality rate (per 1000
live births): is the number of deaths of children under five years of age per 1000 live
births. (WHO, The World Health Report 1996) Urban population (%): is the percentage
of persons living in urban areas. Urban is defined according to national census
definitions. Typically, the population living in town of 2000 or more or in national and
provincial capitals is classified as urban. The definitions for countries of the SouthEast Asia Region are presented below:
Bangladesh: Places having a municipality (pourashava), a town committee
(shahar committee) or a cantonment board.
India: Towns (places with municipal corporation, municipal area committee, town
committee, notified area committee or cantonment board); also, all places having
5000 or more inhabitants, a density of not less than 1000 persons per square
mile or 390 per square kilometer, pronounced urban characteristics and at least
three-fourths of the adult male population employed in pursuits other than
agriculture.
Indonesia: Municipalities, regency capitals and other places with urban
characteristics.
Maldives: Male, the capital.
Nepal: Localities of 9000 or more inhabitants.
Sri Lanka: Municipalities, urban councils and towns.
Thailand: Municipal areas.
For Bhutan, DPR Korea, and Myanmar, no definition of urban is available. (UN,
Demographic Yearbook, 1988 and 1993)
Women of childbearing age using contraceptives (%): is the number of women of
childbearing age (defined as ages 15-49 years) using contraceptives per 100 women
of this age group. (WHO), Implementation of Strategies for Health for All by the Year
2000, Third Monitoring of Progress, Common Framework) Women professional and
technical workers (% of total): womens share of positions defined according to the
International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-88) to include physical,
mathematical and engineering science professionals (and associate professionals),
life science and health professionals (and associate professionals), teaching
professionals (and associate professionals) and other professionals and associate
professionals. (UNDP, Human Development Report 2002)