Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing

Define the following.

Normality Test

Statistical Hypothesis p-Value

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Parameter Confidence Intervals Treatment

Hypothesis Testing

Example

Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing

Conditions for using t-test procedure

Normality Test
In using the t-test procedure we make the assumptions:
Both

samples are drawn from independent populations that can be described by a normal distribution
The

standard deviation or variances of both populations are equal observations are independent random variables.

Hypothesis Testing Cases

The

The equal-variance and normality assumptions are easy to check using a normal probability plot

Example

Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing

Constructing Normal Probability Plots

Normality Test
We need specialized normal probability plotting paper which is widely available. This is just graph paper with the vertical (or probability) scale. It is a plot of the cumulative normal probabilities (j 0.5)/n on that scale versus the rank-ordered observations y(j)

Hypothesis Testing Cases

For the unmodified Portland cement mortar bond strength data

Example

Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing

Normality Test

Now if we plot the cumulative probabilities from the next-to-last column of this table versus the rank-ordered observations from the second column on normal probability paper. A normal probability plot can also be constructed on ordinary graph paper by plotting the standardized normal z-scores z(j) against the ranked observations, where the standardized normal z-scores are obtained from

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Example

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Hypothesis Testing Cases

Hypothesis Test Cases

Normality Test

Test on Means with Variance Known

Hypothesis Testing Cases

One Population
Two Populations

Variance Unknown

One Population
Two Populations

Example

Test on Variances of Normal Distribution

One Population
Two Populations
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Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Normality Test

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Example

Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Normality Test

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Example

Industrial Engineering

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Normality Test

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Example

Industrial Engineering

Example

The shelf life of a carbonated beverage is of interest. Ten bottles are randomly selected and tested, and the following results are obtained

Normality Test

Hypothesis Testing Cases

(a) We would like to demonstrate that the mean shelf life exceeds 120 days. Set up appropriate hypotheses for investigating this claim.

(b) Test these hypotheses using a = 0.01. What are your conclusions?
(c) Find the P-value for the test in part (b).

Example

(d) Construct a 99 percent confidence interval on the mean shelf life.

Industrial Engineering

Example

(a) We would like to demonstrate that the mean shelf life exceeds 120 days. Set up appropriate hypotheses for investigating this claim.

Normality Test

H0: = 120

H1: > 120

(b) Test these hypotheses using = 0.01. What are your conclusions?

Hypothesis Testing Cases

Example

(c) Find the P-value for the test in part (b). P=0.054

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