Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 1

LabView Exercises: Part III

The working VIs should be handed in to the TA at the end of the lab.
This is a lab under development so we may experience some glitches the rst time through. Please bear
with us.
Initializing the NI 6251 and SCC68s
The NI 6251 Multifunction I/O allows rapid analog to digital conversion and input to the computer as well
as rapid Digital to Analog conversion and output from the computer via the USB port. It also provides
digital I/O capabilities as well as some timer functions. We have interfaced this device to an SCC68 box
containing analog and digital buers to protect the sensitive inputs and outputs of the 6251. These two
devices are connected by a 37 pin cable. The banana plugs and BNC connectors which we have added to
the SCC68 provide a convenient interface to the students experiments.
Exercise 1: Using MAX to initialize the NI 6251
The rst time this hardware is used on any given computer it must be initialized. The Measurement and
Automation Explorer (MAX) software provides an easy way to identify the NI hardware connected to the
computer. Follow the following steps:
1) Once you are sure that the NI 6251 and SCC68 are correctly connected and powered on, launch MAX
by double clicking on its icon on the desk-top.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 2
2) On the left side of the window which MAX opens you will see a column entitled Conguration.
Double-click on Devices and Interfaces to expand the sub-category (or click on the + box). Double-
click on NI-DAQmx Devices. The expanded sub-category should show an NI USB-6251 (Mass Termi-
nation): Dev xx (there will only be one such entry for your computer).
3) Click on the NI USB 6251 entry (it should be showing a green circuit board on the left to indicate that
it is connected).
4) Click on the Properties tab at the centre top of the window. This will open a Device Properties
dialog box. On the Accessory tab which is displayed there will be a check-list. Scroll down the list to
nd SCC-68 as shown. Click on SCC-68 and on OK.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 3
5) Now click on the tab Test Panels.. at the top of the window to display the test panel dialog box.
This panel will allow you to test the functioning of your NI 6251 and the SCC 68 which is connected
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 4
to it.
6) Begin by testing the Analog Input channels (the rst tab). The channels which are connected via the
SCC 68 are Dev*/ai4 and Dev*/ai12. First select Channel Name Dev*/ai4 and set up the test
for Continuous Mode, and the RSE Input Conguration, as shown below.
If there is no signal source connected to the BNC connector labelled AI0 on the SCC 68 the display
chart should show noise similar to that displayed on the gure when you press Start.
6) Connect the output from your function generator to the input AI0 BNC connector. Since the acquisition
rate specied in the test panel is 1000 Hz (see gure above) your function generator frequency should
be set to a frequency which is less than 500 Hz. (You must sample at least twice as fast as the
highest frequency of interest..this is the sampling theorem). Choose a suitably low frequency. Also,
the input should have an amplitude less than 10 volts. If the output displayed on the panel is as youd
expect, click on STOP and perform the same test on Channel Name Dev*/ai12 using the same set
up parameters. If both channels pass this test, move on to the Analog Output test by clicking on the
Analog Output tab at the top of the window.
7) Connect the Dev*/ao0 output from BNC AO0 on the SCC 68 to your oscilloscope. Set up channel 0
as shown below
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 5
You should see a sine wave on your oscilloscope. Change the amplitude and frequency to verify that
everything is working correctly then repeat the test using Dev*/ao0 and the AO1 BNC connector.
8) Finally, click on the Digital I/Otab at the top of the window and test the 4 output and 4 input digital
lines. These are connected to the coloured banana jacks and are labelled DO0 through DO3 and DI0
through DI3. Set up the test panel as shown below, using port1 and click on Start. Lines 0 through
3 are assigned as inputs while those from 4 through 7 are outputs. All 8 lines are connected internally
to pull-up resistors so the 4 input lines )bits 0 through 3) show up as high unless something pulls
them down. Connect any of the 4 lines DI0 through DI3 to ground using a wire with banana plugs
and the corresponding circular green light on the test panel should go dark.. Next, connect one of
the output lines DO0 through DO3 to an LED (use a 1 k series resistor). Then using the test panels
slide switches you should be able to turn the LED on and o. This demonstrates that the digital I/O
is working. After you have completed these tests you may continue with the next exercise.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 6
Exercise 2: Data Acquisition Using the NI USB-6251
plus SCC 68
The National Instruments USB-6251 provides 16 single-ended or 8 dierential channels of analog input. It
does this using a single 16-bit analog to digital converter capable of digitizing at a maximum rate of 1.25
MHz. The 16 channels are provided by multiplexing the input to this A/D converter. If more than one
channel is used the maximum aggregate sampling rate is 1.0 MHz (i.e., 500 kHz per channel for 2 channels,
etc). It also provides two separate 16 bit analog output channels which can operate at up to 2.86 MHz for a
single channel or 2.0 MHz aggregate for two channels. See the attached data sheet for detailed specications.
The NI SCC 68 provides the interface between the NI 6251 and the users experiment. We have enabled
two analog input channels, channel ai4 and ai12 each of which is buered by an Analog Devices OP249
op-amp to provide operation over the full range of specications of the NI 6251. The two digital outputs
are also buered by OP249s operating with a series 51 resistor to protect against short-circuits on the
outputs. Finally, we provide 4 digital input lines (port 1, bits 0 to 3) and 4 digital output lines (port 1, bits
4 to 7) which are buered by a 74LS244. There is a 560 pull-up resistor on each digital input and output.
The NI USB 6251/SCC 68 combination is a exible and powerful data acquisition and control system
and the exercise described below is an introduction to using such a system.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 7
Exercise 2: Data Acquisition using the A/D Converter
In this exercise you will build a LabView VI for acquiring data from the two analog input channels ai4 and
ai12. The VI allows you to change the sampling rate and to save the data to an.lvfle. (This is LabViews
text formatted data le format.)
Launch LabView and, under New, click on Blank VI. Decorate your front panel as shown below.
The corresponding block diagram should be as shown in the next gure.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 8
You will notice that the block diagram contains three loop structures: the outermost loop is a while loop
which terminates only when the STOP button is pushed, the large inner loop is a Case structure which
executes every time you press the READY button. The small inner loop executes when you push the
Save? button and saves the data to a le.
When you place theDAQ Assistanton the block diagram you will need to congure the physical channel
being used (dev*/ai4). The conguration dialog box should open when you place it on the block diagram. If
it doesnt, right click on the icon and, from the menu displayed, select Properties. Set up channel dev*/ai4
as shown.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 9
This VI allows you to collect # of samples data points at Sampling Rate. If you connect a sine wave
to the AI0 input channel. The sampled data is displayed on the front panel graph. If you like the look of
the data you can save it by pressing Save?.
Save a set of data and open the .lvm le with Windows NotePad to see the organization of the data le.
Once your VI is working, save it to give to the TA. Then, click onSave As and choose Substitute Copy
for Original and give it a new name so that you can modify the VI for the next exercise.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 10
Exercise 3: Generating a Square Wave Output using the D/A Converter
If you modify the VI as shown by the Front Panel and Block Diagrams below, you will be able to generate
and output a waveform which you can use to excite some external circuit. The A/D converter can then be
use to view the excitation and the response.
Physics 3100 Electronics, Fall 2008, Digital Circuits 11
As an example we suggest using a square wave excitation of an RLC circuit. Set up the D/A converter
to provide a 50 Hz square wave, amplitude of 4 v. using a size of 1024 samples. This output should be
congured to appear at Physical Channel Dev*/ao0. Build an RLC resonant circuit as shown
Use the output of the D/A (from BNC AO0) as V
i
. Connect AI0 to the input side of the RLC circuit and
connect AI1 to the output side of the circuit.
When you click on the READY button, the VI generates roughly a single cycle of the square wave which
results in a 4 volt step at the input to the resonance circuit. The circuit then rings at its characteristic
frequency
0
= 1/

LC. The ringing decays rapidly with time because of the internal resistance of the wire
used to make L1. Measure the frequency of the ringing and estimate the decay time.
Save the VI and give the results to the TA.
Requirements and Compatibility | Ordering Information | Detailed Specifications | Pinouts/Front Panel Connections
For user manuals and dimensional drawings, visit the product page resources tab on ni.com.
Last Revised: 2008-09-24 10:47:16.0
High-Speed M Series MuItifunction DAQ for USB - 16-Bit, up to 1.25 MS/s, up to 80 AnaIog Inputs
Up to 80 analog inputs at 16 bits, 1.25 MS/s (1 MS/s or 750 kS/s scanning)
Up to 4 analog outputs at 16 bits, 2.86 MS/s
Up to 48 TTL/CMOS digital /O lines (up to 32 hardware-timed at up to 1 MHz)
Two 32-bit, 80 MHz counter/timers
Analog and digital triggering supported; power supply included
N-PGA 2 and N-MCal calibration technology for improved measurement accuracy
N signal streaming for 4 high-speed data streams on USB
N-DAQmx driver software and LabVEW SignalExpress LE included
Overview
With recent bandwidth improvements and new innovations from National Instruments, USB has evolved into a core bus of choice for measurement and automation applications. NI
M Series high-speed devices for USB deliver high-performance data acquisition in an easy-to-use and portable form factor through USB ports on laptop computers and other
portable computing platforms. NI created NI signal streaming, an innovative patent-pending technology that enables sustained bidirectional high-speed data streams on USB. The
new technology, combined with advanced external synchronization and isolation, helps engineers and scientists achieve high-performance applications on USB.
M Series high-speed multifunction data acquisition (DAQ) modules for USB are optimized for superior accuracy at fast sampling rates. They provide an onboard NI-PGIA 2
amplifier designed for fast settling times at high scanning rates, ensuring 16-bit accuracy even when measuring all available channels at maximum speed. All high-speed devices
have a minimum of 16 analog inputs, 24 digital I/O lines, seven programmable input ranges, analog and digital triggering, and two counter/timers. USB M Series devices are ideal
for test, control, and design applications including portable data logging, field monitoring, embedded OEM, in-vehicle data acquisition, and academic. High-speed NI USB-625x M
Series devices have an extended two-year calibration interval.
Requirements and CompatibiIity
OS Information
Windows 2000/XP
Windows Vista x64/x86
Driver Information
N-DAQmx
Software CompatibiIity
ANS C/C++
LabVEW
Visual Studio .NET
Visual C#
LabVEW SignalExpress
Comparison TabIes
FamiIy Connector AnaIog Inputs ResoIution Max Rate AnaIog
Outputs
ResoIution Max Rate DigitaI I/O Counter/
Timer
USB-6251 Screw/68-pin
SCS
16 SE/8 D 16 bits 1.25 MS/s 2 16 bits 2.86 MS/s 24 (8 clocked) 2
USB-6259 Screw/68-pin
SCS
32 SE/16 D 16 bits 1.25 MS/s 4 16 bits 2.86 MS/s 48 (32 clocked) 2
USB-6255 Screw/68-pin
SCS
80 SE/40 D 16 bits 1.25 MS/s 2 16 bits 2.86 MS/s 24 (8 clocked) 2
AppIication and TechnoIogy
NI SignaI Streaming
Technical Sales
Canada
(866) 531-6285
info@ni.com
1 www.ni.com
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