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CASE STUDY

AIM: To check the structural design of roof of shuttle kiln using shear force and bending moment diagram. TO FIND: 1. Maximum bending stress on I beam 2. Maximum deflection of I beam SOLUTION: As per the structural design I beams carry major loads where as other L angles are used for stiffening purpose. Let us consider single I beam at the middle of the roof for design. This I beam carries the load of structural members and ceramic fiber modules in the distance of 1500mm. Let us say, I beam acts as a simply supported beam with uniform distributed load. Hence, let us determine the load acting on the I Beam. Load Acting on the I beam: a) Plate b) Double L angle 115 Kg c) Single L angle 30 Kg d) Pyrobloc/ Blanket 1.5m x 3.75m x .005 x 7850 7.7 Kg x 5 x 1.5m x 2 7.7 Kg x 3.75m = = 220 Kg = = 620 Kg --------------------------------Total Mass acting on the beam 985 Kg -----------------------------------Weight acting on the beam = 985 x 9.81 N = 9662.85 N Weight acting per meter of the Beam = 9662.85/3.75 N/m Weight acting per meter of the Beam = 2576 N/m =

for the area of 1.5 x 3.75m

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Shear force and bending moment diagram:

From the above diagram, a simply supported beam with load has two reactions RA & RB at both ends. To find out the reactions RA & RB, following equation has to be resolved.
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From the above diagram, Summation of reactions is zero. R = 0 RA +RB = 2576 x 3.25 RA +RB = 9660 -------------- (1) From the above diagram, Summation of bending moment about point A is zero. MA = 0 RB x 3.75 [2576 x 3.75 x 3.75/2] = 0 ---------------- (2) RB = 18112.5/ 3.75 RB=4830 N Substitute this value in Eqn.1 Therefore, RA = 4830 N From these result we can draw the shear force diagram. Shear force diagram clearly depicts that max shear force will be at the both end of I beam and zero at the mid of I beam. The formula for calculation max. bending moment of simply supported beam having uniform distributed load is, M max = wl2/8 Where, M max w l M max M max Max. Bending moment (Nm) Load per unit length (N/m) Length of the I beam (m) = 2576 x 3.75 x3.75/ 8 =4528 Nm

As we known, bending moment will be max, at the point where shear force is zero. Hence, the max. bending will happen only at the middle of the beam. Calculation of bending stress: Max. bending stress acting at the middle of I beam can be calculated by means of bending equation.

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M/I = b/y = E/R Here, M Max. bending moment (Nm) I Moment of inertia (m4) (Ixx = 2235.4 x 10-8 m4) b Bending stress (N/m2) y Distance between neutral axis to extreme fiber (m) [ for ISMB 200 x 100, Y = 100mm)

Hence, b b = = = = M x y/I (N/m2) 4528 x 0.1/ (2235.4 x 10-8) 20.25 MN/ m2 20.25 N/mm2

Calculation of Allowable stress: Let us consider, factor of safety as 4. Yield strength of structural steel is 250 N/mm2 Allowable stress = Yield strength/ FOS = 250/4 Allowable stress = 62.5 N/mm2 From the above results, it is very clear bending stress is three times less than allowable stress. Hence our design is in safe side. i.e., b < Allowable stress. Calculation of deflection of beams: Formula to compute the Max. deflection of simply supported beam having uniform distributed load is, Max. deflection = (5/384) x (wl4/ EI) (m) Here, w l E I Load per unit length (N/m) Length of the I beam (m) Youngs modulus = 206842 x 106 N/m2 Moment of inertia (m4) (Ixx = 2235.4 x 10-8 m4) = (5/384) x (2576 x 3.754)/(206842 x106 x 2235 x10-8) = 1.4348 x 10-3 m =1.4348 mm

Max. deflection Max. deflection Max. deflection Result:

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1. Maximum bending stress is less than allowable stress; hence design is in safer side. 2. Beam deflection is apprx. 1.5mm and it is negligible.

Reference: Structural drawing 10224801 R1 Hand book for structural engineers Bureau of Indian standards SP: 6(1)-1964 revised 1998 Strength of Materials - Dr.R.K. Bansal

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Company Registration Number: 18-9622, Registered Office : Dare House Complex, No.2, N.S.C. Bose Road, Chennai 600 001. INDIA

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