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January 1, 2013
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
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Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Introduction
A geothermal heat pump, ground source heat pump (GSHP), or ground heat pump is a central heating and/or cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Introduction
A geothermal heat pump, ground source heat pump (GSHP), or ground heat pump is a central heating and/or cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground. It uses the earth as a heat source (in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer).
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Introduction
A geothermal heat pump, ground source heat pump (GSHP), or ground heat pump is a central heating and/or cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground. It uses the earth as a heat source (in the winter) or a heat sink (in the summer). This design takes advantage of the moderate temperatures in the ground to boost eciency and reduce the operational costs of heating and cooling systems.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Introduction
Geothermal heat pumps are quite ecient, since they use the thermal energy of the earth crust to increase energy output, while decreasing energy input.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Introduction
Geothermal heat pumps are quite ecient, since they use the thermal energy of the earth crust to increase energy output, while decreasing energy input. Geothermal heat pumps add tremendous benets to your house, by increasing the energy eciency of your heating and cooling systems by 2-3 times, and as a result decreasing your bills to heat your house in the winter and cool it in the summer by the same two to three times.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
The heat pump was described by Lord Kelvin in 1853 and developed by Peter Ritter von Rittinger in 1855.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
The heat pump was described by Lord Kelvin in 1853 and developed by Peter Ritter von Rittinger in 1855. Robert C. Webber built the rst direct exchange ground-source heat pump in the late 1940s.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
The heat pump was described by Lord Kelvin in 1853 and developed by Peter Ritter von Rittinger in 1855. Robert C. Webber built the rst direct exchange ground-source heat pump in the late 1940s. The rst successful commercial project was installed in the Commonwealth Building (Portland, Oregon) in 1946.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
The heat pump was described by Lord Kelvin in 1853 and developed by Peter Ritter von Rittinger in 1855. Robert C. Webber built the rst direct exchange ground-source heat pump in the late 1940s. The rst successful commercial project was installed in the Commonwealth Building (Portland, Oregon) in 1946. The technology became popular in Sweden in the 1970s.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
Open loop systems dominated the market until the development of polybutylene pipe in 1979 made closed loop systems economically viable.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
Open loop systems dominated the market until the development of polybutylene pipe in 1979 made closed loop systems economically viable. As of 2004, there are over a million units installed worldwide providing 12 GW of thermal capacity.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
History
Open loop systems dominated the market until the development of polybutylene pipe in 1979 made closed loop systems economically viable. As of 2004, there are over a million units installed worldwide providing 12 GW of thermal capacity. Each year, about 80,000 units are installed in the US (geothermal energy is used in all 50 US states today) and 27,000 in Sweden.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Theory of Operation
During the times of the year when heating and cooling are required, ground temperatures are nearer room temperature Figure: Ground-source (geothermal) heat pump in cooling mode. than outdoor air temperatures. Thus during the summer cooling season, the ground is cooler than the air, and the ground loop is able to condense the refrigerant at lower temperatures, which means
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
that less compressor power is needed to pressurize the refrigerant vapor. During the winter heating season, the ground is warmer than the air,and the ground Figure: Ground-source (geothermal) heat pump in loop is able to heating mode. evaporate the refrigerant at higher temperatures, which again means that less compressor power is needed, since the pressure drop through the expansion valve can be less and still vaporize the refrigerant liquid.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Hybrid Systems
Hybrid systems using a combination of a geothermal resource with outdoor air (i.e., a cooling tower), are another technology option.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Hybrid Systems
Hybrid systems using a combination of a geothermal resource with outdoor air (i.e., a cooling tower), are another technology option. Particularly eective where cooling needs are signicantly larger than heating needs.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems
Hybrid Systems
Hybrid systems using a combination of a geothermal resource with outdoor air (i.e., a cooling tower), are another technology option. Particularly eective where cooling needs are signicantly larger than heating needs. During periods of peak heating and cooling, the system can bleed a portion of the return water rather than reinjecting it all, causing water inow to the column from the surrounding aquifer.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Environmental Impact
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has called ground source heat pumps the most energy-ecient, environmentally clean, and costeective space conditioning systems available.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Environmental Impact
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has called ground source heat pumps the most energy-ecient, environmentally clean, and costeective space conditioning systems available. Heat pumps oer signicant emission reductions potential, particularly where they are used for both heating and cooling.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Environmental Impact
The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has called ground source heat pumps the most energy-ecient, environmentally clean, and costeective space conditioning systems available. Heat pumps oer signicant emission reductions potential, particularly where they are used for both heating and cooling. Ground-source heat pumps always produce less greenhouse gases than air conditioners, oil furnaces, and electric heating.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Environmental Impact
Country Canada Russia US China Electricity CO2 Emissions Intensity 223 ton/GWh 351 ton/GWh 676 ton/GWh 839 ton/GWh GHG savings relative to natural gas heating oil electric heating 2.7 ton/yr 1.8 ton/yr 0.5 ton/yr 1.6 ton/yr 5.3 ton/yr 4.4 ton/yr 2.2 ton/yr 1.0 ton/yr 3.4 ton/yr 5.4 ton/yr 10.3 ton/yr 12.8 ton/yr
Table: Annual greenhouse gas savings from using a ground source heat pump instead of a high-eciency furnace in a detached residence.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Environmental Impact
Country Canada Russia US China Electricity CO2 Emissions Intensity 223 ton/GWh 351 ton/GWh 676 ton/GWh 839 ton/GWh GHG savings relative to natural gas heating oil electric heating 2.7 ton/yr 1.8 ton/yr 0.5 ton/yr 1.6 ton/yr 5.3 ton/yr 4.4 ton/yr 2.2 ton/yr 1.0 ton/yr 3.4 ton/yr 5.4 ton/yr 10.3 ton/yr 12.8 ton/yr
Table: Annual greenhouse gas savings from using a ground source heat pump instead of a high-eciency furnace in a detached residence.
In countries like Canada and Russia with low emitting electricity infrastructure, a residential heat pump may save 5 tons of CO2 per year relative to an oil furnace.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
Ground source heat pumps are characterized by high capital costs and low operational costs compared to other HVAC systems.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
Ground source heat pumps are characterized by high capital costs and low operational costs compared to other HVAC systems. Their overall economic benet depends primarily on the relative costs of electricity and fuels.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
Ground source heat pumps are characterized by high capital costs and low operational costs compared to other HVAC systems. Their overall economic benet depends primarily on the relative costs of electricity and fuels. Based on recent prices, ground-source heat pumps currently have lower operational costs than any other conventional heating source almost everywhere in the world.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
In general, a homeowner may save anywhere from 20% to 60% annually on utilities by switching from an ordinary system to a ground-source system.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
In general, a homeowner may save anywhere from 20% to 60% annually on utilities by switching from an ordinary system to a ground-source system.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
In general, a homeowner may save anywhere from 20% to 60% annually on utilities by switching from an ordinary system to a ground-source system.
Country Payback period for replacing natural gas heating oil electric heating Canada 13 years 3 years 6 years US 12 years 5 years 4 years Germany net loss 8 years 2 years
Table: Payback period for installing a ground source heat pump in a detached residence.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
The lifespan of the system is longer than conventional heating and cooling systems.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
The lifespan of the system is longer than conventional heating and cooling systems. Many early systems are still operational today after 2530 years with routine maintenance.
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Economics
The lifespan of the system is longer than conventional heating and cooling systems. Many early systems are still operational today after 2530 years with routine maintenance. Additionally, because geothermal heat pumps usually have no outdoor compressors or cooling towers, the risk of vandalism is reduced or eliminated, potentially extending a systems lifespan.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Initial Installation Cost Geothermal heat system needs a wide space Use of refrigerants
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Contents
1
Geothermal Heat Pump Introduction History Theory of Operation Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Horizontal Closed Loop Systems Vertical Closed Loop Systems Pond/Lake Closed Loop Systems Open Loop Systems Hybrid Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Environmental Impact Economics Pros and Cons Conclusion
College of EME, NUST
Contents Geothermal Heat Pump Types of Geothermal Heat Pump Systems Environmental Impact and Economics Conclusion
Conclusion
All in all, geothermal technology is a cost eective, environmentally friendly method of providing heating and cooling. It is a clean and smart energy source right under our feet. Already widely accepted around the world, this technology continues to grow in popularity. It is clear that many factors impact the design of the most ecient and costeective geothermal system for any given application. Proper design requires the use of experienced professionals familiar with the application desired. Drillers can view the geothermal industry as an opportunity for growth and expansion if they become knowledgeable about this exciting eld.
Muhammad Saqib Anwar, Mudassir Hussain College of EME, NUST