OMAN: A Mobile Ad Hoc Network Design System ABSTRACT We present a software library that aids in the design of mobile

ad hoc networks (MANET). The OMAN design engine works by taking a specification of network requi rements and objectives, and allocates resources which satisfy the input constrai nts and maximize the communication performance objective. The tool is used to explore networking design options and challenges, including: Power control, adaptive modulation, flow control, scheduling, mobility, uncertai nty in channel models, and cross-layer design. The unaddressed niche which OMAN seeks to fill is the general framework for optimization of any network resource, under arbitrary constraints, and with any selection of multiple objectives. While simulation is an important part of measuring the effectiveness of implemen ted optimization techniques, the novelty and focus of OMAN is on proposing novel network design algorithms, aggregating existing approaches, and providing a gen eral framework for a network designer to test out new proposed resource allocati on methods. In this paper, we present a high-level view of the OMAN architecture , review specific mathematical models used in the network representation, and sh ow how OMAN is used to evaluate tradeoffs in MANET design. Specifically, we cove r three case studies of optimization. The first case is robust power control und er uncertain channel information for a single physical layer snapshot. The secon d case is scheduling with the availability of directional radiation patterns. Th e third case is optimizing topology through movement planning of relay nodes. Modules Power Control Scheduling Optimization Power Control This problem can be minimized if the protocols adopt energy awareness needs at a ll layers in the protocol Stack. Energy conservation can be implemented using the following techniques: Battery management schemes: Battery scheduling, Lazy packet scheduling, Modeling and shaping of battery discharge patterns, Routing based on battery status. Transmission power management schemes: Dynamic power adjustment Distributed topology control Distributed power control loop Centralized topology control Globalized power-aware routing Localized power-aware routing Determination of critical transmission range Congestion control.

System power management schemes: Power-saving modes Low-power design of hardware. Increases with an increase in the transmission pow er.

Scheduling For improving the performance of the mobile ad-hoc networks, a scheduler can be used. There are several scheduling policies for different network scenarios. In DSR (Dynamic Source Routing), the remaining hops to a destination are stored in own routing table, but the entries in this list may change dynamically over time , so the advertisement must be made often enough to ensure that every mobile com puter can almost always locate every other mobile computer. The drop tail policy is used as queue management algorithm in all scheduling alg orithm. It drops packets from the tail of the queue when channel capacity is ful l. Optimization In mobile ad hoc network (MANETS) all nodes cooperate in order to dynamically es tablish and maintain routing in the network, forwarding packets for each other t o allow communication between nodes not directly within wireless transmission ra nge. For that Several optimization techniques have been incorporated into the ba sic DSR protocol to improve the performance of the protocol. DSR uses the route cache at intermediate nodes. The route cache is populated with routes that can b e extracted from the information contained in the data packets that get forwarde d. This cache information is used by the intermediate nodes to reply to the sour ce when they receive a Route Request packet during Route Discovery Phase.