Frnz 1 Justin Frnz Ms. Gardner English 1 10 December 2012 Annotated Bibliographies Aubrey, Bryan.

"Critical Essay on 'Hard Times'." Novels for Students. Ed. Ira Mark Milne and Timothy Sisler. Vol. 20. Detroit: Gale, 2005. Literature Resource Center. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Bryan Aubreys critical review of Hard Times strives to focus on divorce laws and how they caused Dickens to write so passionately about divorce inequalities between the poor and the rich. By incorporating small amounts of informational history of Dickens time period, Aubrey provides a reason for Dickens protests in the form of the fictional character, Stephen Blackpool. Aubreys central point of unjust divorce laws indicates his consent with Dickens approaches as well.

Fortunately, not only does Aubrey review Dickens dissent with divorce laws in Hard Times itself, but Aubrey also integrates actual divorce laws of Dickens time in order to render a firm background of why Dickens would write disgustingly about divorce laws. The literary criticism offers an analysis of Dickens feelings that Dickens put in his novel; because Aubrey scrutinizes and compares Dickens history to his story of unfair divorce laws, Aubrey brings his readers a needed explanation of the cause of divorce laws being debated in Dickens novel.

Frnz 2 Pritchard, Laura A. "Charles Dickens." Writers for Young Adults. Ed. Ted Hipple. Vol. 3. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1997. Scribner Writers Series. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. With an engaging introduction that questions the readers understanding of Charles Dickens, Laura Pritchards biographical article of Dickens neatly summarizes the fine points of his life in an organization from childhood to old age followed by analyses of his most popular novels. Choosing to arrange his life in sections with headings, Pritchard brings out Dickens characteristics from love troubles to family debt, but Pritchard manages to maintain a strong bias of appreciating Dickens despite some of his unfavorable traits. Pritchard begins and ends the article with admiring recognition of Dickens prowess in writing which only reaffirms the clear representation of Pritchards love for Dickens and his novels.

Pritchard and her biased biography of Dickens provide a one-sided account of his life, yet her descriptions of hardships and challenges in his life prove that even she recognizes he isby all meansnot perfect. Her detailed, informative writing can either ready a future reader of Dickens novels for the themes to be displayed or give additional background information to a past reader; either approach fits to Pritchards biography. Instead of displaying practical, bland knowledge of Dickens life, Pritchard creates a more likable work through admiring tones, list formatting, and simple diction. Reporting., William Glaberson; Nicholas Confessore Contributed. "A New Divorce Law May Call to Mind an Old TV Quiz Show: 'To Tell the Truth'" The New York Times. The New York Times, 17 June 2010. Web. 11 Dec. 2012.

Frnz 3 A reporter for The New York Times, William Glaberson, depicts the cons of modern divorce laws that resemble old laws from the 19th century. Because of the embarrassment of privacy breach and complex path in divorce processes, almost all types of people are now looking for a revised divorce law that makes divorce less painful for lawyers, married couples, and judges. Quotes from interviews of lawyers and judges emphasize Glabersons point that many people are looking for new divorce laws that will make the process less stressful and more rewarding.

Glaberson aims to criticize current divorce laws, but his main goal is to inform readers that changes should be happening in American divorce courts. Rather than make the article an opinionated editorial, Glaberson instead draws information from various sources, primarily lawyers and judges, to bring opinions of others that reassure his own thoughts. With related quotations and favored opinions of changes in divorce, Glabersons article is valuable to those inquiring about future divorce accessibility. Rubin, Merle. "Revisiting Dickens (and Friend)." Christian Science Monitor (25 Feb. 1991): 13. Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Janet Witalec. Vol. 166. Detroit: Gale, 2003. Literature Resource Center. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. This brief biography of Charles Dickens does not delve into great detail; instead, the excerpt focuses specifically on Dickens love life and relationships. The author, Merle Rubin, strives to give meaning to Dickens infatuations; Rubin describes Dickens and his lovers as influences of Dickens masterpieces, especially in theater. Dickens deepest infatuation with Nelly is one of Rubins focuses, and evidently, by Rubins fascination, Rubin wishes to broadcast the impact of Nelly on Dickens novels and plays: according

Frnz 4 to Rubin, without Nelly, Dickens would not be recognized as the prolific writer he is today.

As with many biographies of authors, this petty biography displays a recap of a certain part of Dickens lifein this case, his loving relationshipsin order to once again affirm a strong background of a particular novels themes. Knowing of Nellys influence on Dickens would make a reader notice prominently placed phrases of affection and would allow one to gain insight into the personal life of Dickens rather than just his fictional characters personas. Waterman, Diana. "Higher Education Changes Lives." JSonline. N.p., 1 May 2012. Web. 12 Dec. 2012. Much like Thomas Gradgrinds beliefs in Hard Times, Diana Waterman repeatedly stresses the need for an extensive education. Watermans biggest strength in producing this article is her use of anecdotes to prove her point; anecdotes about her fathers lack of education, for example, indicate how success can only be earned through motivation in school and hard work in education. Waterman also refines her statistics to the Milwaukee area because of her residence there; this refinement does not dramatically affect the morals of her article however.

Watermans article is informative about education, yet it is also a strong passage of advice to those who may not be particularly strong in academics. Anecdotes also are helpful to Waterman here because they bolster her persuasiveness by showing real story

Frnz 5 examples of good and bad results. Watermans article assures readers that education is the key to success, and her advice is similar to Thomas Gradgrinds advice because of Mr. Gradgrinds strong obsession of facts and Watermans education requirement. Whipple, Edwin P. "Dickens's Hard Times." The Atlantic Monthly 39.233 (Mar. 1877): 353-358. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. James E. Person, Jr. Vol. 50. Detroit: Gale Research, 1996. Literature Resource Center. Web. 10 Dec. 2012. Edwin Whipples literary criticism is extensive, difficult to read, and complicated; however, despite the extremity of academic language, Whipples critique is very informative and provides a complex understanding of Dickens and his supposed alter ego. Whipple characterizes Dickens as two entities: a creator of character and a humorous satirist, and these two personalities shape Whipples analysis for the duration of his article. Long paragraphs with long quotations make the inquiry cumbersome to read let alone understand, but the well-formed ideas are well worth the difficulty of persevering. Whipples goal of writing about Dickens two personas is neither persuasive nor informative; instead, Whipple writes to satisfy his own personal goals of accomplishing a very educated analysis that others can give insight and feedback on. Whipple may use excessive vocabulary and paragraph structure, but it seems as if he is writing in the style of Dickens himself to emphasize the topic of Dickens writing. Whipple does not need anecdotes or simple diction to get his view across; rather, Whipple makes use of his own qualities of educated diction and writing style.