some common points before entering into piggery farming: 1. piggery farm is really a profitable one.

china gots first place in producing pigs in the world which followed by russia, america, brazil and west germany. In India there are 10million pigs. this is 1.3% of the total world's pig production.In india pigs are mainly produced in uttar pradesh (15 lakhs). 2. the following breeds suitable for piggery farming : LONG WHITE YORKSHIRE SHORT WHITE YORKSHIRE LAND RACE TOMWORTH DURAC PERKSHIRE IN india you can find long white yorkshire in most of the farms.because this breed is very friendly and very easy to handle and this breed used to take care of their piglets than any other breed. it will grow upto 450kgs. 3. growth rate of the above pigs are very high. it will grow 300grams daily. and the conversion rate of the food to meat is very high. with proper food such as concentration food, green fodder, kitchen&hotel wastage, chicken and meat wastage these pigs will gain 15 to 18 kilos in a month 4. pregnancy period for pigs is normally 114days (i.e. 3months+3weeks+3days) which is a very short period. 4. you can get delivery of piglets twice in a year or five times in two years. 5. in each delivery one female pig will give 8 to 12 piglets. in eight months it will reach 100 to 120kgs which is all depend upon the neutrition and feeding management. 6. from a pig you will get upto 70% pork. i.e. if livestock weight is 100kgs, you will get 70kgs meat. 7. at present the livestock price is RS 55/- per kilo and pork price per kilo is RS 120/- . PRICE PER PIGLET IS RS 1500/- WHICH IS TWO MONTHS OLD AND WEIGHING AROUND 10 TO 12KGS 8. lot of meat processing factories are located in kerala, tamilnadu (coimbatore district) and they will buy livestock pigs. 9. green fodder, market waste, hotel waste, concentrated food is must. 10. pure water is must for piggery farm. and also electricity. 11. vaccination should be given at proper time. prevention medicine for food and mouth disease (FMD) should be given. 12. shed for the pigs should be made separately and the requirement for a piglets is 15sq.ft, pigs is 40sq.ft.. 13. 10female(sow) and 1male(boar) (10:1 ratio should be followed. i provide some projects below which may be of useful to you. project I

PIGGERY FARM --PRICE PER PIGS - 20 NOS FEMALE X RS 7500 EACH RS 1,50,000 PRICE PER PIGS - 2 NOS MALE X RS 7500 EACH RS 15,000 SHED FOR PIGS RS 1,50,000

PERMANENT INVESTMENT WHITE PIGS - 22 NOS X RS 7,500EACH RS 1,65,000 SHED FOR PIGS RS 1,50,000 SUB TOTAL RS 3,15,000 PERMANENT EXPENSES INTEREST FOR PERMANENT INVESTMENT PER ANNUM@12% RS 37,800 DEPRECIATION IN BUILDING @ 10% RS 15,000 INSURANCE @ 6% RS 9,900 SUB TOTAL RS 62,700 DAY TO DAY EXPENSES FEEDING - 22NOS + 160 NOS + 160 NOS RS 3,20,300 MEDICINE RS 25,000 OTHER EXPENSES (WATER+ELECTRICITY + LABOUR ) RS 2,50,000 SUB TOTAL RS 5,95,300 INCOME 1ST LOT PIGS - 8MONTHS OLD 160NOS X 95KG X RS 60/- RS 9,12,000 2nd LOT PIGLETS - 2MONTHS OLD 160 NOS X RS 1500/- EACH RS 2,40,000 SALE OF WASTAGE RS 35,000 SUB TOTAL RS 11,87,000 PROFIT TOTAL INCOME - ( PERMANENT + DAY TO DAY EXPENSES RS 5,29,000 ( RS 11,87,000 - {RS 62,700 + RS 5,95,300} ) NET PROFIT RS 5,29,000 PROJECT - II PIGGERY FARM PRICE PER white PIGLETS OF 2MONTH OLD RS 1500 WEIGHT OF PIGLETS AT 2 MONTHS 10 - 15 KGS YIELDING PERIOD 4 MONTHS WEIGHT AT THE END OF 6TH MONTH 80KGS PRICE PER KG RS 45 TO 70 PERMANENT INVESTMENT

200 PIGLETS X RS 1500 RS 3,00,000 SHED FOR PIGLETS RS 1,50,000 SUB TOTAL RS 4,50,000 PERMANENT EXPENSES INTEREST FOR PERMANENT INVESTMENT PER ANNUM@12% RS 54,000 DEPRECIATION IN BUILDING @ 10% RS 15,000 INSURANCE @ 6% RS 18,000 SUB TOTAL RS 87,000 DAY TO DAY EXPENSES FEEDING - CONCENTRATED FOOD & OTHERS RS 1,40,000 MEDICINE RS 20,000 OTHER EXPENSES (WATER+ELECTRICITY + LABOUR ) RS 2,00,000 SUB TOTAL RS 3,60,000 INCOME SALE OF PIGS - 200NOS X 80KGS X RS 60 PER KG RS 9,60,000 SALE OF WASTAGE RS 50,000 SUB TOTAL RS 10,10,000 PROFIT TOTAL INCOME - ( PERMANENT + DAY TO DAY EXPENSES RS 5,63,000 ( RS 10,10,000 - 4,47,000 ) NET PROFIT PROFIT - PURCHASE OF PIGS RS 5,63,000 - 3,00,000 RS 2,63,000 YIELDING IN A YEAR 3 TIMES NET PROFIT = 3 TIMES X RS 2,63,000 RS 7,89,000

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Advantages of pig rearing * Pigs convert inedible feeds, forages, certain grain byproducts obtained from mills, meat by products, damaged feeds and garbage into valuable nutritious meat. Most of these feeds are either not edible or not very palatable to human beings * Pig grows fast and is a prolific breeder, farrowing 10 to 12 piglets at a time. It is capable of producing two litters per year under optimal management conditions * The carcass return is quite high ie. 60-80 percent of live body weight * With a small investment on building and equipment, proper feeding and sound disease control programme the farmer can profitably utilize his time and labour in this subsidiary occupation * The faeces of pigs is used as a manure to maintain soil fertility The indigenous pig has been the basis used for pig production for a long period of time. It is small in size. Improved breeds are now being used for grading up the form the basis for pig production in the rural areas. The imported pig breeds reared in India are as follows : Large white Yorkshire * * * * * * * Most extensively used exotic breed in India Body colour is solid white with occasional black pigmented spots Erect ears, snout of medium lengths and dished face Excellent breed for the purpose of cross breeding Prolific breeds Mature boar 300-400 k.g Mature sow 230-320 kg

Landrace * * * * * * * White with black skin spot Long body, large drooping ears and long snout Prolific breeding and efficient in utilizing feed Carcass quality equal to Yorkshire Excellent breed for crossbreeding Mature boars weigh 270-360 kg Mature sow weighs 200-320 kg

Middle white Yorkshire * * * * * Used in some areas in India Grows rapidly gives good dressing percentage Not so prolific as large white Yorkshire Males 250-340 kg Females 180-270 kg

Breeds for North East India Pig farming is very important component in North East India. Out of total pig population in India, 28% are grown in this region. Following are the commonly grown breeds. Good

quality breeds are available at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Barapani 793 103, Meghalaya. Hampshire HS X I Large White Yorkshire Duroc Landrace Indigenous

Ghungroo Pig: A potential strain of indigenous pig for the rural farmers Ghungroo an indigenous strain of pig first reported from North Bengal is popular among the local people because of high prolificacy and ability to sustain in low input system. This breed/strain produces high quality pork utilizing agricultural byproducts and kitchen wastes. Ghungroo are mostly black coloured with typical Bull dog face appearance, with a litter size of 6-12 piglets, individually weigh about 1.0 kg at birth and 7.0 10.0 kg at weaning. Both sexes are very much docile and easy to handle. In the breeding tract they are maintained under scavenging system and mainly act as insurance to the rainfed agriculture. At National Research Centre on Pig, Rani, Guwahati, Ghungroo pigs are being maintained under intensive system of rearing with standard breeding, feeding and managemental system. Their evaluation for genetic potential for use in future breeding programmes is in progress and this indigenous strain is performing very well in terms of productive and reproductive efficiency. Some of the selected sows have delivered litter size of 17 piglets at birth as compared to the other indigenous strains of pigs maintained at the Institute farm. Important characteristics which need to be considered in developing a good sow herd are * * * * Size of litters Strength and vigour of litters Milking ability Temperament

Gain and feed efficiency, fertility, selection of individual animals from a herd is more important than the selection of a particular breed. Each producer at the time of setting up his herd should purchase his animals from a reliable disease free herd and should obtain as much information of the animals as possible. Once the herd is established the selection of the gilts and boars for replacement in the breeding herd should be based on the types and performance. Selection of gilts (female) Yorkshire gilt (female) * Selection of gilts for the breeding herd should be made at market weight ie. When the animals weigh about 90 kg * Select gilts from sows which have consistently farrowed and weaned large litters * They have reached market in minimum time and have desirable market type * It would be desirable to choose gilts whose litter mates and other fullsibs have given good performance in daily weight gain and feed conversion efficiency

Selection of boars (male)

piggery (4).gif Yorkshire boar (male) * Selection of boar is extremely important, particularly for a small breeding farm or unit * The boar should be purchased from a breeder or a farm maintaining adequate information on its performance * The boar should be selected from a dam which has consistently farrowed and weaned high litters * A good boar will weigh 90 kg in about 5-6 months will be of good type and will be strong on feet and legs * The feed conversion from weaning to 90 kg weight would be the most desirable.

Adequate housing and equipment for raising pigs are necessary to provide shelter against inclement weather, prevent diseases, control parasites and save labour. Please refer a model piggery farm at Nabard website for details.