Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

INTRODUCTION
Currently, there are two types of currents used to deliver electrical power. They are Direct Current (DC)and Alternating Current (AC). Alternating current (AC) is described as electric current that flows for an interval of time in one direction and then in the opposite direction; that is, a current that flows in alternately reversed directions through or around a circuit. The polarities of electrodes are constantly reversing with current direction. Direct current (DC) is described as electrical current that flows in one direction, and does not reverse its flow as alternating current does. The electricity produced by a (DC) battery is direct current. The polarities of electrodes remain constant. But, what would happen if you have a polarity reversal that caused (DC) currents to reverse direction within two or more electrodes without reversing the anode (+) and cathode (-) power supply polarity? The result is a new current called Sully Direct Current (SDC) . It is named after the inventor John T. Sullivan. Sully Direct Current (SDC) is described as electrical current that flows for an interval of time in one direction and then in the opposite direction; that is, two or more current paths flowing in alternately reversed directions through or around a circuit. The plus and minus supply polarities of electrodes remain constant same as a (DC) battery, the

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

polarities within the electrodes are reversing causing an alternating reversing currents similar to (AC). Alternating Current (AC) and (SDC) both have current reversal, (AC) reverses supply polarity when it changes current direction (SDC) changes current direction without swapping supply lines maintaining the Plus (+) side and the (-) negative side of the power supply. (SDC) can reverse currents at full voltage or zero volts to produce tuned controlled EMF forces, (AC) typically reverse its current at zero volts. Sully Direct Current (SDC) is measured in (Sully Watts) . The Voltage is measured with a (DC) Volt meter across the (+) and (-) electrodes, the current is measured in series between electrodes with an (AC) current meter.Mr. Sullivan created the SDC while working on one of his patented hydrogen electrolysis generators to create an alternative fuel. One limiting factor in efficient creation of hydrogen in electrolysis is the attraction created between Hydrogen and Oxygen gas bubbles to electrodes, they stick like tiny magnets increasing resistance of electrodes. As the SDC current changes direction so does the magnetic fields that creates multi-directional forces. A tuned resonator circuit can creates vibrations on the electrodes; this action shakes the electrodes and significantly increases the release of the hydrogen bubbles resulting in more efficient production of pure Hydrogen and Oxygen. It would not be feasible to use (AC) to create this mechanical action; the gases would mix as polarities are swap creating an unstable gas. The illustration below explains how SDC works. Studies are continuing to
Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg. G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

develop new applications for this revolutionary new voltage in many disciplines such as lighting, semi-conductors, capacitors, gravity experiments, fusion, particle accelerators, motors, hydrogen generators, fuel cells, batteries, water purifiers and medical applications. The Inventor is hoping that SDC currents will open new doors to scientific discoveries and products that were not possible with (AC) and (DC).

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to multi-directional, reciprocating electrical currents. The invention also relates to an apparatus and method for generating the multi-directional currents, and to applications of the generating apparatus and method. The multi-directional currents of the invention are generated in a current carrying medium by cyclically reversing the direction of a conventional current applied to at least one of a plurality of electrodes, so that an electromotive force (EMF) pulse travels from one side of the at least one electrode to the other, changing the direction of current flowing through the medium between two or more electrodes. The multi-directional electric currents have the effect of accelerating processes that rely on interaction between a current and the medium that carries the current, and of eliminating asymmetries that can lead to scaling or premature wear in batteries and other electrolytic systems. The medium that carries the multi-dimensional currents may be an electrolyte, gas, gel, semiconductor, or any other medium capable of carrying current between two electrodes, and having at least two dimensions so as to enable variation in the current direction.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

By way of example and not limitation, the multi-directional electrical currents of the invention may be used to (i) increase the efficiency of hydrogen generation by electrolysis of water (while at the same time preventing scaling and purifying the water), (ii) extend the life of batteries such as nickel-metal hydride cells, and of capacitors, by symmetrically charging and discharging the batteries or capacitors, (iii) provide a power source for electromagnetic projectile weapons and similar devices, and (iv) increase the efficiency of plasma generation or light conversion in cold cathode systems. Other potential applications of the multi-directional electric currents of the invention, and of the apparatus and method for generating the currents, include computers, communications, drug and chemical development, medical treatment of cancers, anti-gravity experiments, transportation, energy, water treatment, genetic research in humans, plants, and animals, and aeronautical propulsion systems, as well as fuel cell and PEM electrolysis systems utilizing proton exchange membranes and catalyst materials.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

CONVENTIONAL ELECTRIC CURRENTS

There are two types of conventional electrical currents and corresponding voltages, neither of which changes direction in the manner of the present invention. The first, direct current (DC), was already well known when Benjamin Franklin performed his famous kite experiment in 1752 to prove that lighting was a form of electricity, while the second, alternating current, came into widespread use after Nikola Tesla invented the first alternating current motor in 1888 (U.S. Pat. No. 555,190). Both direct and alternating voltages can be applied to electrodes for the purpose of causing a current to flow through a medium between the electrodes. However, the voltages are conventionally applied across the electrodes so that the resulting inter-electrode current follows a fixed, albeit reversible, path between the electrodes, irrespective of the type of medium or geometry of the electrodes. This is clearly the case in systems having only a single terminal for each electrode, and in systems having multiple terminals but no switching circuit.

It is of course possible to periodically reverse the polarity of currents applied to the electrodes in such a system, and a number of systems have been

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

proposed for doing so, including the systems disclosed in the patents discussed below. However, none of the previously proposed systems involves changing the direction of current in a single one, or both, of the electrodes so as to vary the direction of current flowing between the electrodes by other than 180.degree.. The invention in its broadest form consists of the above-described multidirectional currents, and apparatus and methods for generating the currents. However, an important aspect of the invention is the numerous applications in which the unique properties of the multi-directional currents may be exploited. These applications include, but are not limited to, the following:

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

BASIC PRINCIPLE OF INVENTION

The basic principle underlying the multi-directional currents of the invention may be understood from FIGS. 1A 1B. FIG. 1A shows the situation when electrode currents i.sub.E1 and i.sub.E2 in electrodes E1 and E2 are initially reversed, creating EMF or voltage pulses, edges, waves, or spikes that travel from left to right in the top electrode E1 and from right to left in the bottom electrode E2. The current i.sub.S between the electrodes flows from the top electrode E1 to E2, but changes direction as the current i.sub.S follows the respective EMF pulses or voltage spikes as they propagate from left to right through electrode E1 and from right to left through electrode E2. Eventually, as shown in FIG. 1B, the current flows from top right to bottom left, at which point the currents in the respective electrodes are again reversed to cause EMF or voltage pulses, waves, edges, or spikes to propagate in the opposite direction. As a result, the current i.sub.S can be caused to reciprocate or continuously change direction in an oscillating or cyclical manner within the current-carrying medium between the electrodes. If i.sub.E1 and i.sub.E2 are DC currents, the electrodes can be kept at a constant potential so that the net current direction remains constant even though the instantaneous current direction changes continuously or periodically, enabling the direction-changing current i.sub.S to

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

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Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

be used in electrolytic processes that require direct current. Alternatively, i.sub.E1, and i.sub.E2 may be alternating currents, pulsed DC currents, or polarity-reversing DC currents. In addition, a similar but smaller variation in the direction of current will occur if the direction-reversing conventional current is applied to just one of the electrodes and the second electrode has a relatively small area.

The invention may thus be characterized as a method and apparatus of generating multi-directional currents in a medium by reversing the direction of electron flow in at least one of a pair of electrodes. If the voltages applied to the electrodes are DC voltages, then the multi-directional currents have
Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg. G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

characteristics of DC currents, and if the voltages applied to the electrodes are two or three phase AC voltages, then the multi-directional currents have characteristics of AC currents. However, unlike conventional DC and AC currents, the currents generated by the method and apparatus of the invention move or rotate. If the electrodes are one-dimensional wires, then the currents rotate in two-directions. If the electrodes themselves move, or extend over two or three-dimensions, for example a plane or a curved plane, then the currents will move in three-dimensions.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

WORKING
The result is a revering multi-directional current that flows in parallel or in series through electrodes from Left to Right and then Right to Left, without reversing the supply polarity. A multi-directional current will result between at least two electrodes. "Sully Direct Current" (SDC) is described as electrical current that flows for an Interval of time in one direction and then in the opposite direction; that is, one or more current paths flowing in alternately reversed directions through or around a circuit. The supply voltage polarities (+) and (-) of electrodes remain constant, same as a DC battery. The polarities within the anode and cathode are alternating, reversing to change current directions. The Voltage is measured in Sully Volts. The current is measured in Sully Direct Current (SDC). Power is measured in SullyWatts. John T. Sullivan, Inventor (Patent Pending [as of the time of the creation of the illustration

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

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Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

In figure

you see two wires. One is connected to the two positive

terminals, and the other to the two negative terminals. The four switches are alternated 180 degrees out of phase. In the first half of the cycle current flows from one pole through the wire, then through the coil to all points where conductor is touching the fluid medium, then across the medium to the other wire, and on to the opposing pole. At no time are there any more than two poles with a switch closed. In the second half of the cycle the current path is the same except that its coming from the opposite end of the wire.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

Think of the coil as having two single dimensional connections, and one multi-dimensional connection. Through the connection between the two power supply poles you have AC current without changing polarity. Through the connection between the poles and the medium you have DC current[in single dimensional terms. Actually its SDC]. Through the coil the direction of the current flow changes, but polarity never changes. Through the medium the current flow between anode and cathode never reverses, but its physical direction through the medium does change. It sort of sways back and forth without reversing direction. In absolute

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

terms using one dimensional measurments you have continuous DC current flow between anode and cathode. It has all the properties of DC, but since the current flow though the medium is changing directions the current takes on the magnetic properties of AC current. You only need to change the direction, not reverse directions. This new dimension also carries the time component which you could not see in single dimensional continuous DC current. It is DC with properties normally associated with AC. And it is AC with properties normally associated with DC. The effect cannot be reproduced with AC or DC. The properties are mutually exclusive in those systems. The new physical dimensions in the circuit allows the current to possess additional electrical properties. The Voltage is measured in Sully Volts. The current is measured in Sully Direct Current (SDC). Power is measured in Sully Watts

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

It is accordingly a first objective of the invention to provide an apparatus and method that utilizes electricity in a more efficient manner in order to conserve energy resources and protect the environment. It is a second objective of the invention to provide an improved electrical current generating apparatus and method which accelerate electrolytic and cathodic processes, including generation of hydrogen. It is a third objective of the invention to provide an improved electrical current generating apparatus and method capable of more efficiently sterilizing water. It is a fourth objective of the invention to provide an improved electrical current generating apparatus and method capable of more efficiently charging a battery. It is a fifth objective of the invention to provide an improved electromagnetic device capable of utilizing the counter-EMF generating upon reversal of an electric current. It is a sixth objective of the invention to provide a multi-dimensional electrical current having the property of changing direction as it flows from one electrode to the other, with or without changes in polarity.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

APPLICATION
o One of the applications of the invention is electrolysis of water to generate hydrogen. o Charging of Nickel-Metal Hydride Foam Batteries o The apparatus and method of the invention can also be applied to capacitors and capacitive systems o Cold Cathode Light and Plasma Generators o Electro-Magnetic Devices o Medical Devices

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

CONCLUSION
The new types of currents and corresponding voltages can be used to power a new generation of batteries, capacitors, motors, light bulbs, and plasma generators, as well as for hydrogen and oxygen generation, and further may be applied to applications ranging from electroplating of metals and plastics to transportation, to name just a few of the potential applications. In the field of medicine, the currents can be used in x-ray machines, to destroy cancer cells by placing a patient inside a coil to which the currents are supplied at frequencies known to kill cancer cells without affecting non-cancerous tissue, and in other devices that involve application of electrical currents and/or magnetic fields to tissues. DNA electrophoresis can be performed by using ADC instead of DC by running DNA gel samples from both ends of the gel plate instead of one. 46% of the planet's population doesn't have electricity or fresh drinking water due to the cost of infrastructure required to supply power lines and water connections. The new clean and cheap voltages (which may be referred to as SULLY VOLTAGES.TM. after the Inventor, John Sullivan) will revolutionize third world countries by supplying cheap power and fresh drinking water without petroleum based fuel oil.

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

REFERENCES
www.sollystavern.com www.flyingmag.com www.sciforums.com www.stormfront.org

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION FIELD OF THE INVENTION CONVENTIONAL ELECTRIC CURRENTS BASIC PRINCIPLE OF INVENTION WORKING SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION APPLICATION CONCLUSION REFERENCES : : : : : : : : : 01 04 07 09 12 16 17 19 20

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom

Seminar Report on Sully Direct Current

2012-2013

ABSTRACT
Multy directional current are generated in a medium by cyclically reversing the direction of conventional current applied to at least two electrods so that an electro motive force (emf)pulse travels from side of the electrode to the other ,changing the direction of current in the medium The multy directional current may be used to accelerate

electrolyticprocesses such as generation of hytrogen by water electrolysis to sterilyze water for drinking to supply charging current to a battery or capacitor ,including acapacitive thrust module in away that extends the life and /or improves the perfomance of the batteryor capacitor , to increase the range of an electromagnetic projectile launcher and to increace the light out put of acold cathode light tube ,to name a just afew the pottential applicatons for the multi directional current

Dept. Of Electrical & Electronics Engg.

G.P.T.C, Muttom