Vardhaman College of Engineering

Accredited by National Board of Accreditation (NBA), New Delhi. Shamshabad - 501 218, Hyderabad.

Mini project

Sound Controlled Flip-Flop

Batch No: A15-1
M.Raja Prashanth K.Venkatesh 09881A0431 09881A0456

Under The Guidance of

Ms.M.P.Sirisha Assistant Professor

SOUND CONTROLLED FLIP-FLOP

ABSTRACT
The Sound Controlled Flip-Flop is a device where the flip-flops are controlled by phono (sound , speech).This device is a very inexpensive solution to many phono-controlled applications. It employs a condenser microphone as pick up. A two-stage amplifier built around the IC LM324 offers a good gain to enable sound pick up upto four metres. The third op-amp is used as a level detector. The resistor which is connected in series with a potential divider ensures against the mistriggering of the circuit by noise, by adjusting the preset one can control the sensitivity (threshold) of the circuit. The sensitivity control thus helps in rejecting any external unwanted sounds which may be picked up by the amplifier. The output of the level detector are square pulses which are used to trigger a flip-flop. We employ 4 transistors which are used as the flip-flops , where these flip-flops are used to control the direction of dc motor . Thus current through the motor changes direction when the flip-flop toggles. Filters connected in the circuit and tuned to different bands of audio frequencies will enable the same circuit to control more than one device. For instance, a high frequency sound (such as whistle) can switch on a device and a low frequency sound (such as clapping) can control a device . This device is employed in the phono-controlled applications like remote switching on, for instance, or activating a camera, tape recorder, burglar alarms, toys, etc.

BLOCK DIAGRAM:

Sound input

Condenser microphone

Two stage amplifier built around IC LM324

Level detector op-amp using IC CD4027

Flip-flop using 4 npn transistors

output Variation of dc Motor speed

COMPONENTS:
1. Condenser mic 2. IC LM324 3. IC CD4027 4. Transistors 4 5. Capacitors 1uf 0.1uf 100nf 0.47uf 100uf 6. Resistors 10k - 4 1M 100 - 2 100k 4.7k 7. DC motor

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

COMPONENTS:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Condenser mic IC LM324 IC CD4027 Transistors 4 Capacitors 1uf 0.1uf 100nf 0.47uf 100uf 6. Resistors 10k - 4 1M 100 - 2 100k 4.7k 7. DC motor

ADVANTAGES:

1. This circuit can control more than one device . 2. This circuit has many phono-controlled applications like remote switching on, for instance, for activating a camera, tape recorder, burglar alarms, toys, etc.
3.

Since the circuit operates at 4.5V, it can be easily incorporated in digital circuits.

DISADVANTAGE: An unregulated supply can cause noise pulses to appear in the supply rails when the
circuit changes-over state (especially when a load is connected to the circuit). These pulses can be picked up by the sensitive amplifier which will cause the circuit to again switch-over states, resulting into motor-boating noise.