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1
a)
[1 mark]
ii) Name one other element that has the same stability as argon.
[1 mark]
b)
Na+
ClDiagram 3.1
i) How are a sodium ion and chloride ion formed from their respective atoms?
Sodium ion : ..
Chloride ion : .
[2 marks]
ii) Name the force that exists between these ions in the compound.
...
[1 mark]
iii) The melting point of sodium chloride, NaCl, is 801 C and its boiling points is
o
1413 C.
o
What will happen to the ions in this compound at 900 C?
[1 mark]
iv) Give one reason for your answer in 3(b)(iii).
..
[1 mark]
c)
Diagram 3.2 shows the proton number and nucleon number for two elements, X and Y.
The letter used do not represent the actual symbols of the elements.
Diagram 3.2
[3 marks]
SPM 2007/P2/Q4
Table 4 shows the electrical conductivity and melting points of substances P, Q and R.
Substance
P
Q
R
Melting point/ C
< -110
80 90
> 800
Table 4
a)
b)
c)
State why the electrical conductivity of substance R is different in solid state compared to the
molten and aqueous states.
Solid state:
.
.
[2 marks]
Molten and aqueous state :
.
.
[2 marks]
d)
Diagram 3 shows the set-up of apparatus to investigate the electrolysis of sodium chloride
solution with carbon electrodes.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan susunan radas untuk mengkaji elektrolisis larutan natrium klorida
dengan menggunakan elektrod-elektrod karbon.
Test tube
Tabung Uji
Electrolytic Cell
Sel Elektrolisis
Electrode P
Elektrod P
Electrode Q
Elektrod Q
Diagram 3
Rajah 3
(a)
(b)
(c)
(i)
(ii)
(d)
(i)
(ii)
....
....
[2 marks]
(iii)
(e)
Suggest one metal that can replace the carbon electrodes in this experiment to
obtain the same result as above.
Cadangkan satu logam yang boleh menggantikan elektrod karbon dalam eksperimen
tersebut untuk mendapatkan keputusan yang sama seperti di atas.
.........
[1 mark]
SPM 2005/P3/Q2
A pupil wanted to construct the electrochemical series.
He measured the potential dfference of a few pairs of metals.
The set up of the apparatus of his experiment is shown in Figure 2.1.
Figure 2.1
Figure 2.2 shows the results obtained from experiment after 30 minutes.
Figure 2.2
(a)(i) State two observations that you see during the experiment and state the inference.
Observation
Inference
[ 3 marks]
(b)
The pupil repeated the experiment by substituting the zinc metal with iron,
magnesium and lead.
Each time he used copper metal as the positive electrode and fresh copper(II)
sulphate solution.
The following table shows the voltmeter readings he obtained from the pairs of
metals.
Experiment
I
II
III
IV
Pairs of metal
Negative
Positive
electrode
electrode
Zinc
Copper
Iron
Copper
Magnesium
Copper
Lead
Copper
Reading of
voltmeter/ V
1.10
0.78
2.72
0.45
..
......
..
..
Responding variable:
.........................................................
...
..
Controlled variable:
..
...
Method to maintain the controlled
variable
...
...
...
(ii) Based on the voltmeter readings, arrange all the metals in ascending
order of their electropositivity.
Berdasarkan bacaan voltmeter, susun semua logam dalam susunan menaik
keelektropositifan mereka.
..
[ 1 mark]
(c)
..
[2 marks]