Bristish Studies & Bucharest University /ibrahim Gul -MA QUEST FOR POWER FROM BARBARISM TO PEACEFUL CIVILIZATION,

IS POSSIBLE? World is the will powerand nothing besides. Nietszcehe To create the civilization and to get a way from the barbarism to civilization by using mind as core tool is possible? Instinct and emotion is dominant or the mind is the power to trigger it? Will the brutal combat continue; or the peaceful and wisdom based civilization will be established? If you find the right answer for those questions then you might count yourself that you found a way to peaceful civilization. What do the doctrine says about on the issue? 1 Lets scrutinize them and put last remarks as personal idea. 1) SCHOOL of WILL (the discussion on virtue and request for power within school of will- conflict of NietzscheSchopenhaur conflicts) If you do not learn the western philosophy based on its core values, one day, you will be victim of your own conscience like American Indians did.2 According to the Arthur Schopenhaur, the will and the mind that motives and shapes the human is dominant the first is dominate over the first; so in order to create a more peaceful and civilized world with virtue, compassion and empathy against the evil side of human must be implemented at the very beginning of childhood of the human. He is defending the idea of not to have the egoism that stem from mind but the empathy that stem from emotion. And also, he is presenting enlightening as a magic word for suppress the tyranny hunger for power. At this context we can say Durkheim and Freuds ideas are also in line with the Arthur Schopenhauers. Friedrich W. Nietzsche is conceding the first part of the theory in other words, he is accepting the idea that the will is dominant over mind but he has reservation that (opposing Schopenhauer in this topic) and putting forward the idea that will not be guided by the virtue for the human but quest for power; this request should be taken into consideration beyond good and evil, and he continues, even though history is full of combats for power, the moral stemming from slavehood and weakness only compelled to ask help compassion from those of senior and empathy; the Christian and liberal moral are
1

American origin Proffesor Stjepan G. Mestrovic, Civilization and Barbarism, Turkish Translation (Acilim Kitap-2004,Turkey 2 Ali AYGUN, Two Faces of America, Irem Publishing, ankara-2004, P. 5 1

Bristish Studies & Bucharest University /ibrahim Gul -MA biased ones and they have opposite position against the dialectic process of nature; with this opposite position, they are impeding improving of humanity; by which they are imposing virtue within a great theoretical system, all the ideologies in the same manner, in the end should turn to be a butcher; beyond good and evil, the request for power is the main driving force for all live things in history. He was threatening the western civilization that to have been taking the mind as a main precedence; and continuing that it will be decadence in Europe and they would stain the world with blood and he was making mock that they have placed the mind into the center of universe. As it is understood, Schopenhauer and Nietzsche, agreed on that the will is dominant over mind but on the virtue and quest for power they were forked. It is useful that to mention Schophenaurs will to live substituted with will to power by Niectzsce. Schopenhauer says that in a heavenly manner to make more peaceful and civilized world, at the very beginning of childhood, the virtue and empathy should be infiltrated in to the mind of humanity (but there should not be brain washing system for this goal); he is also favour of not aggravating the pain that humanity has already suffered; whilst (While) Nietzsche claims that the virtue and empathy is the moral of slavehood and weakness because history has witnessed only the dominated motive of quest for power, not virtue, emphathy or rationalpeaceful behaviours. Stjepan G. Mestrovic said if the Nietzsche is right, the claim on civilized, enlightened social order has no base and totally false... 3 This kind of critics always addressed to the idea of Nietzsche but posthumously Nietzsche, humanity witnessed the first and Second World War that made Nietzches estimation correct ones. For the 21st century it seems that he would be right also if we take assets of Iraq and Palestine rages. Therefore the humanity must prepare themselves for the worst scenario in 21st Century. 2) SCHOOL of MIND (Schopenhauer and Nietzsche against Kant) Kant believes the motives that drive the human is mind and the mind precede over the will; he was proposing to create a human that would control mind as a priority over the will imbued in human. Kant also believes that the egoism under the control of mind were useful for the improving of civilization but he was opposing the idea of the virtue and
3

American origin Proffesor Stjepan G. Mestrovic, Civilization and Barbarism, Turkish Translation (Acilim Kitap) page 117, 2004, Turkey 2

Bristish Studies & Bucharest University /ibrahim Gul -MA quest of will. As a matter of fact that Kant strongly believes that emotion would not be taken seriously because nobody could understand the inner side of the emotion. The positivist and the postmodernist Schools agreed with the idea and they refused the fact that human is the combination of mind and emotion. The Hegel and Marx also posed in the same direction on this issue. As it is generally known that this idea was initiated by Socrates. Might be it would be useful to mention that Hegel and Marx believes the rationality will check and control the barbarism. It seems that process of mind taking precedence over the will will improve the civilization but at the same time this process would lead the humanity to catastrophic results because the tyranny of the multi national companies and post colonist states are struggling to take the control of the countries for economic reasons together with other hidden or open purposes. Pitirim Sorokin, says, instead of mutual support but competition spirit, instead of love, but agressivisim cause war.4 Schopenhauer like Durkheim, believes that civilization and developments will increase both the empathy and also barbarism. 3) POST MODERNIST SCHOOL What do Nietzsche and Kant offer us? The post-modernist philosophy is still in force to shape our mind. Baudrillard in line with the other representatives of it, is accepting Kants main idea but at the same time responding the Nietzsches theory of quest for power, thus they are indirectly approving the combination of rational human of Kant and Nietzsches quest for power. Post-modernism is a kind of illicit child of Nietzsche and Kant. Without being aware of that the world is only vision nothing more, they are entertaining themselves and taking route beyond good and evil. (For detailed info read Nietzsches book called Beyond Good and Evil). CONCLUSION

Pitirim SOROKIN, Rebuilding Humanity, s,28-39 (Turkish Translation). 3

Bristish Studies & Bucharest University /ibrahim Gul -MA Writing a generation before Nietzsche, Schopenhauer explained that the universe and everything in it, is driven by a primordial will to live, which results in all living creatures' desire to avoid death and to survive. For Schopenhauer, this will is the most fundamental aspect of reality-more fundamental even than being. Ali AYGN. Throughout the 1880s, in his notebooks, Nietzsche also developed an equally elusive theory of the "eternal recurrence of the same" and much speculation on the physical possibility of this idea and the mechanics of its actualization recur in his later notebooks, which becomes tied with his theory of will to power as a potential physics integrated with the "eternal recurrence of the same." Nietzsche appeared to imagine a physical universe of perpetual struggle and force, which successively completes its cycle and returns to the beginning again and again. If humanity accepts and practices Kants Rationalism-Egoism and Nietzsches Will of Power, the conclusion is in the following: Maximum egoism due to ability of thinking rational and will of power for its egoist interests. This philosophy will give us a present like this: Conqueror and Master Human, race or society It means more barbarism parallel to more civilization Parallel to these ideas, Horkheimer and Adorno say that Extremist rationalism is responsible from totalitarism Again Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Veblen, Durkheim, Tocqueville and Freud say that Enlightenment has increased will and stress (frustration) which is part of human nature; and prototype of civilized person is kinder but at the same time potentially wilder when compared with our ancestors in history5 Postmodernist Philosophy is managing today through todays philosophers, existing policies of Western Civilization are based on synthesis of Kant and Nietzsche Schools, and far from original Christianity and Schopenhauers Philosophy. If we evaluate the subject within this framework, is it a coincidence that postmodernists start to speak about again Nietzsches severe critics on Christianity while extremist rightists is getting more and more base in communities in the Europe? 6 To raise the superior human as Nietzsche offers; or to submit the human for the sake of mind or virtue to the barbaric power; or to begin
5

Stjepan G. Mestrovic, American origin Proffesor Stjepan G. Mestrovic, Civilization and Barbarism, Turkish Translation (Acilim Kitap-2004,Turkey page 146 6 Stjepan G. Mestrovic, American origin Proffesor Stjepan G. Mestrovic, Civilization and Barbarism, Turkish Translation (Acilim Kitap-2004,Turkey page 167 4

Bristish Studies & Bucharest University /ibrahim Gul -MA to understand that the quest for power is the main driving force (major motive) for the social interaction of all living things? It would be possible to claim that rather than to attempt to dominate over the other but try to equilibrium in a system of forces relations to each other. But in this case this question would be sound in the heaven not on this earth.