Time: 2 Hours Q1. Fill in the blanks.

[6 Marks] a) According to DLVO theory, the deep/primary minimum near the particle surface is produced by ____________ forces where as maximum total energy barrier is located little farther away from surface where __________________ forces dominate. b) After nucleation, growth of nuclei is (rate limited) controlled by either _____________of growth species from bulk to surface or _________ _________ of growth species onto solid surface. c) An increase in temperature of synthesis would generally result in ____________ in the smallest size of the nanoparticles generated by the process. d) Microscopy which utilizes neither visible light nor electrons to build an image is _____________. e) Self assembled monolayers are molecular assemblies that are formed _______________after the immersion of an appropriate substrate into a solution. f) _______________ growth of a surface is involved in one dimensional nanoparticle synthesis. g) As the size of a semiconductor quantum dot is decreased, the wavelength of emission is _______________. h) In neurology, platinum _____________ can be used for measuring individual neuronal activity whereas ________________ nanoparticles can be used for MRI contrast enhancement. Q2. a) Arrange the following events in the sequence as observed during electrospinning: Taylor Cone formation, Jet Elongation, Whipping Instabilities, Droplet generation. What is the effect of various solution and process parameters in determining the characteristics of final fibers? [5 Marks] b) Differentiate between SEM and TEM. [4 Marks] c) Describe the sol-gel technologies for synthesis of different types of nanostructures. [2 Marks] Q3. a) Describe the various methods of synthesis, special properties and applications of carbon nanotubes in medicine. [5 Marks] b) What is the principle behind AFM and STM as characterizing tools for nanomaterials. [4 Marks] c) What is meant by template based synthesis. Give example on how it is applied for nanostructures? [2 Marks] Q4. a) What are quantum dots made of? Explain how they are useful in medicine and biomedical imaging? What are their advantages over conventional dyes? Suggest a synthesis method and strategy on how solubility of quantum dots can be increased? [6 Marks] b) What is lithography? And what are the different types of lithographic systems available for nanopatterning? Write in details about the role of photoresists with correct diagrammatic representation wherever applicable. [5 Marks] Q5. a) Provide a detailed description of the methods available for synthesis of thin films. [6 Marks] b) Describe a method for synthesis of gold nanoparticles. How would you characterize Au Nps? What are the properties of gold nanoparticles and how are they useful in biomedicine? [5 Marks] Q6. a) Furnish some examples of nanotechnology in nature and write a brief note on how biological nanostructures can serve as inspiration for design of advanced nanomaterials. [5 Marks] b) What are the potential concerns of nanotechnology? Is nanotechnology a new and special science? [4 Marks] c) Describe electrodeposition and electroplating. [2 Marks] ******************************************************