MONGOLIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology

MONGOLIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 13 (39)

Ulaanbaatar 2012

Editorial board: Editorial-in-Chief: Acad. Prof. Batsuren D Dr.Minjigmaa A Members: Acad. Amgalan J Acad. Regdel D Acad. Purevsuren B Acad.Temuujin J Sc.D. Gan-Erdene T Sc.D. Avid B Dr. Odontuya G Dr. Bayarmaa B Dr. Ganbaatar J Dr. Bayarjargal M Dr. Khasbaatar D Dr.Enkhtuul S

Prepared by: M.S Otgonsuren D

MAS, 4th building, Peace Avenue, Ulaanbaatar 51, Mongolia. Fax: 976-11-453133 email: icct.khimi2012@yahoo.com w w w .icct.mas.ac.mn

Preface Mongolian Journal of Chemistry provides a unique forum for the publication of significant and original work across a variety of disciplines including chemistry, biology, physics, chemical engineering and material science, which is likely to be of interest to the multidisciplinary community that the journal addresses. Readership-Mong.J.Chem coverage is highly relevant to a variety of industrial and academic sectors including: pharmaceuticals; plant chemistry, analytical science; coal and petrochemistry, bio- and nanotechnology and material science. The Editors at Mongolian Journal of Chemistry are committed to publishing high quality new work which makes a significant contribution to the both academic and industrial sectors development. In order to meet this aim, submitted manuscripts were evaluated by the professional Mong.J.Chem Editors to ensue they meet essential criteria for publication in the journal. We thank you for your submission to our journal and look forward to get another submission next year.

Organizing Committee: Dr. Minjigmaa A Dr.Bayarmaa B Dr.Ariunaa A Dr.Otgonjargal E

Contents
1. A new humic acid remedy with addition of silver nanoparticles G.P.Alexandrova, G. Dolmaa, U.Enkhbadral, G.L.Grishenko, Sh.Tserenpil, B.G.Sukhov, D.Regdel, B.A.Trofimov 2. Biochemical study on the meat and oil of Mongolian fishes B.Chantsalnyam, Ch.Otgonbayar, P.Odonmajig , N.Tsevegsuren 3. Catalase, protease and urease activity in some types of soil D.Purev, J.Bayarmaa, B.Ganchimeg, B.Ankhtsetseg, O.Anumandal 4. Chemical composition and quality of some river of Mongol Altai G.Erdenechimeg, Munguntsetseg 5. Coumarins of Peucedanum Baicalense and their cytotoxic activity J. Ganbaatar, E.E.Shults, .N.Petrova, M.. Shakirov, D.tgonsuren, E.Munkhbat, D. Badamkhand, .G. Pokrovskii, G.. lstikov 6. Comparative study of essential oil constituents of Bupleurum species from Mongolia Sh.Altantsetseg, S.Shatar, N.Javzmaa 7. Comparison of hematological and histological analysis of Clinomon and Litovit-M in mice J.Oyuntsetseg, P.Odnoo, J.Ganbaatar, L.Mandakhsaikhan, L.Tsogtzandan 8. Determination of phenolic compounds in Moravian wines S. Badamtestseg, Ignc Hoza, Pavel Valek, Vlastimil Kub 9. Determination of Alkaloids from the aerial parts of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. M.Dumaa, Ya.Gerelt-Od, Zh.Puzhao, L.Yinggang, S.Javzan, D.Selenge, G. Zhang 10. The comparison between novel reagent H-142, H-143, H-145 and xanthate for flotation behaviour of molybdenum-containing ores Z.Zolzaya, G.Burmaa, S.Enkhtuul, D.Khasbaatar, M.Munkhshur, E.Otgonjargal 11. Investigation of glucan polysaccharide derived from Fomes fomentarius. ( L ) Fr.grow ing in Mongolia Ts.Bolor, N.Erdenechimeg, B.Amartuvshin, L.Munkhgerel, P.Odonmajig 12. Investigation of medical mud from Holboolj lake G.Dolmaa, B.Nomintsetseg, G.Ganzaya 13. Investigation on characterization and liquefaction of coals from Tsaidamnuur and Khoot deposits
55-57 49-54 46-48 41-45 37-40 31-36 28-30 23-27 19-22 16-18 12-15 7-11

S.Batbileg , Ya.Dabaajav, B.Purevsuren, J.Namkhainorov 14. Investigation of phenolic compounds of Scabiosa comosa, structure elucidation of cosmosine D.Batsuren, A.Tuvshintugs, B.Ganpurev, B.Sodbayar, B.Enkhjargal, J.Tunsag 15. Phytochemical constituents on leaves of Mongolian Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) G.Davaakhuu, N.Tsevegsuren, Ts.Bulgan 16. Phytochemical GARIDI-5 E.Sugarjav, B.Uuganbayar, Z.Oyun, Z.Ariunaa,G.Davaakhuu, Ch.Chimedragchaa 17. Preliminary results on characterization of various coal combustion products from Mongolian thermal power stations and their application for preparation of geopolymers A.Minjigmaa, Ts.Zolzaya, B.Davaabal, U.Bayarzul, J.Temuujin 18. Protein and amino acid compositions in some Mongolian wood-rotting fungi Sh.Naranmandakh 19. Removal characteristics of arsenic by Fe-Mn layered double hydroxide and double oxide E.Otgonjargal, Kitae Baek, Ts.Batjargal, Jung-Seok Yang 20. Relationship between structure and thermodynamic activity of carbon black A.M.Amdur, V.V.Pavlov, B.Purevsuren, L.Munkhtuul 21. Some phytochemical constutients and bioactivity of water- and ethanolic extract of Rumex acetosella L D.Punsaldulam, E.Munkhbat, D.Otgonsuren 22. Synthesis and their photodynamic activity of new Photosensitizers for PDT B.Bayarmaa, Young Key Shim 23. Synthesis and catalytic test of bimetallic Pd-Ag nanoparticle prepared by the impregnation method Sh.Nyamdelger, G.Burmaa, Christian Weilach and Karin Fttinger 24. Spectroscopic study and implications for biological reactive oxygen space sensing of the inorganic DMSO/POCl3 reaction with BODIPY N.Amgalan, Taehong Jun, Kang Mun Lee, HyuDavid, G.Churchill 25. Study of biological activity compounds in some Mongolian medicinal plants S.Bayaraa, J.Batkhuu, A.Byayanmunkh, L.Khurelbaatar and pharmacological study of Mongolian Traditional drug

58-65

66-71

72-74

75-77

78-81

82-86

87-97

98-101

102-107

108-113

114-119

120-122

123-124

26. Study biological activity of alkaloid protopine S.Javzan, Y.Jamyansan, R.I.Alexandrova, D.S.Bae , Ch.W.Nho 27. Study on the washability of Baganuur coal by using float sink test A.Ariunaa, G.Tsatsral, J.Narangerel, R.Erdenechimeg, J.Dugarjav, B.Purevsuren, S.Jargalmaa 28. Study on biological activity of Hyoscyamus niger L. grown in Mongolia J.Irekhbayar, G.Davaakhuu, S.Odontuya, Burm-Jong Lee 29. Use of modifed zeolites for chromium removal from tannery wastewater D.Batgerel, S.Erkhembayar, E.Anudari, G.Ariunzul
143-145 139-142 134-138 125-133

A new humic acid remedy with addition of silver nanoparticles

G.P. Alexandrova1, G. Dolmaa2, U.Enkhbadral3, G.L.Grishenko1, Sh.Tserenpil2, B.G. Sukhov1, D. Regdel1, B.A.Trofimov1
1

Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of RAS, Irkutsk, Russia 2 Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia e-mail:dolmaa_g@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Previously known biogenic stimulator humic acid (HA) was the subject of this current study and HA based new remediation was developed by addition of silver (Ag) nanoparticles in its macromolecule. Extracted HA from a healing mud was characterized and used as reducing agent for Ag ion as well as a stabilizer for the formed Ag nanoparticles. The properties of the obtained hybrid composite were examined by XRD, UV and FTIR spectroscopic techniques. The diameter of the nanoparticles in the HA polymer was up to 8.6 nm and they were identified to be metallic Ag. Keywords: Composite; Healing mud; Humic acid; Silver nanoparticles

INTRODUCTION romatic nucleus and functional groups in the HA molecule react with cell walls of organisms and with receptors in a derma; furthermore, it shows a therapeutic effect by penetrating through tissues [1]. HA is a major proportion of organic matters in Mongolian healing mud [2] and it tends to form an organomineral particles. A hypothesis, therefore, was developed that HA may possess a stabilizing character for metal nanoparticles as other natural polymers do [3-4] and such behaviour has been recently investigated [5]. Humic substances from the healing mud differ from coal, turf and soil derived counterparts by their low molecular weight and high content of reactive functional groups [6]. Silver shows an antibacterial characteristic in addition to its chemical stability, good thermal and electrical conductivity and catalytic properties. Therefore organic and inorganic hydrid composites bearing Ag nanoparticles were synthesized and studied for a different purposes; for instance, as medical preparations, antimicrobial coatings for

biomaterials, as well as film castings for electronic and optoelectronic devices. The formation of Ag nanoparticiples in a variety of polymers (e.g., natural and syntetic) has been examined as size and dispersion pattern of metal particles were unique for each case. Also natural polymers are biocompatible making them particularly interesting for researchers. For obtaining metal nanoparticles, the most important controlling parameters include reducing agent type, stabilizer and the matrix in which nanoparticles are formed. Dendrimers usually take on a spherical three dimensional structure, which is very different from linear polymers. Additionally, it is predicted that HA may provide more active sites for stabilization of metal nanoparticles. Akaihge et al examined the formation of Ag nanoparticle in the presence of HA (i.e, from the fresh water and marine sediment) under environmentally relevant conditions (e.g., concentration, pH and temperature), and discussed the possible formation by the natural processes and their stability depending on HA

Biochemical study on the meat and oil of Mongolian fishes

B.Chantsalnyam1, Ch.Otgonbayar1, P.Odonmajig1, N.Tsevegsuren2
1 2

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, NUM e-mail:chantsaa_001@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the meat quality and fish oils physical and chemical characteristics of the Mongolian fishes: Syrok (Coregonus peled), and Lenok (Brachymystax lenok). Lipid content was 3.1 to 14.15%, moisture was 72.14 to 80.5%, protein content was 8.54 to 9.8% and total mineral element was 0.5 to 3.1%. The caloric value Lenok (Brachymystax lenok) was 68.7 and Syrok (Coregonus peled) - 142.8 Kj/100g, respectively. Minerals included potassium (46.32 to 52.22%), phosphorous (39.06 to 41.3%), calcium (3.26 to 5.87%), magnesium (2.08 to 3.97%) and silicon (1.14 to 2.24%), while zinc, iron and copper were present intrace amounts. Eight non essential amino acids with total amount of 58.61 to 59.64% were identified, and histidine detected as in highest value in all the species, followed by arginine. The data showed that the Mongolian fishes are of high nutritional value and good source of proteins, minerals as well as non essential amino acids. The physical and chemical characteristics of Syrok (Coregonus peled), and Lenok (Brachymystax lenok) fish oil were analyzed. These parameters are: iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), acid value (AV), saponification value (SV), percentage of free fatty acid (%FFA), refractive index (RI) and colour. The extracted lipid content obtained from muscles of Syrok and Lenok was about 14.15% and 3.1%. The percentages of unsaturated fatty acids were higher than saturated fatty acids accounting for 74.37% and 25.6%, 83.83% and 16.46% respectively. Keywords: Syrok (Coregonus peled), Lenok (Brachymystax lenok), protein, fish oil, macro- and micro-elements, amino acid, infrared spectrophotometer

INTRODUCTION ish and other sea foods remain an important source of white meat for the human diet to its beneficial effect in reducing coronary heart diseases. This effects especially, due to the fat for the fish. Fishes living in fresh water and ocean are contained oils which used as food and in medicine. Fresh waters and oceans fish oil are contained 14-35 highly unsaturated fatty acids. The fatty acid pattern of triacylglycerol and phospholipids of various fish oils were also assessed [1]. Epidemiological studies on the last assure that omega-3 fatty acids are derived from fish and fish oil to decrease the risk of coronary heart disease, hypertension and stroke, and their complications [2]. The liver obtained from fish has high pharmacological activity (serve as

hypolipidemic agent an antiarthristic agent) [1]. It is known to be that Mongolia is rich in fishes. From ancient times Mongolian people have been used fish oil as food and remedy in traditional and physical treatment of some illnesses. Therefore, we have used fish Syrok (Coregonus peled) and Lenok (Brachymystax Lenok) which are widely distributed in Mongolia. The purpose of our study was biochemical study of meat obtained from two species of Syrok (Coregonus peled) and Lenok (Brachymystax Lenok) EXPERIMENTAL Methods. Moisture content was determined by gravimetric method. The ash content was determined by incinerating in a muffle furnance at 5500C. Composition of the ash was measured

12

Catalase, protease and urease activity in some types of soil

D.Purev, J.Bayarmaa, B.Ganchimeg, B.Ankhtsetseg, O.Anumandal
School of Biology and Biotechnology, NUM e-mail: purev_21@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Enzymes in the soil are closely related to the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil and regulate the formation of soil fertility, organic matter, nutrient mineralization and cycling in nature. Soil contains phosphatase, urease, dehydrogenase, catalase, peroxidase, saccharase, protease, amylase, -glucosidase, arylsulphatase and other enzymes. The purpose of the given work was estimation of catalase protease and urease activity on three different types of soil as high mountained steppe and dry steppe roughly humusified soil; mealy brown carbonated soil and mountain meadow forest soil which are common in the mountain and steppe regions of our country in correlation with soil depth and anthropogenic impacts. In all soil samples the highest enzymatic activities were detected in the depth of 0-15 cm from the soil surface. For all soil samples the enzymes activities decreased more rapidly with increasing soil depth affected to anthropogenic impacts in comparison with samples not exposed to human impacts. Keywords: soil enzymes, catalase, protease, urease, anthropogenic impacts

INTRODUCTION nzymes in soils mainly come from plants, soil animals and microorganisms and connected covalently, crosslinked, copolymerized, adsorbed and included in the microcapsules of soil particles (Girish S., Ajit V., 2011). Soil enzyme activities vary seasonally and have been related to soil physio-chemical characters, microbial community structure, vegetation, disturbance and succession (Caldwell B. A. (2005). That is why soil enzymes play an important role in formation, converting and decomposition of organic matter to the plant digestible forms, decomposition of xenobiotics, involved in the nitrogen and other elements cycle and life cycling of soil microorganisms (Schaller K., 2009). Nowaday soil enzyme activities have been used as indicators in evaluation of soil quality, climate changes, destruction and toxification in ecosystems. Protease (EC 3.4.4) in soil plays a significant role in nitrogen mineralization, more active in soils with a high water and humus content forest soils and landfills. Activity of this enzyme does not

depend on microbial community of soils and expresses the biological activity of the soil. The enzyme associated with soil fertility, regulating the amount of available nitrogen in plant and plant growth. (Girish S.et al., 2011). Peroxide in soil is formed during respiration and oxidation of organic matter (Andersen D.W., Gregorich E.G., 1980). Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) decomposes peroxide and its activity depends from organic oxygen concentration, microbe biomass, changes in CO2, and depends from dehydrogenase, amidase, glucosidase and esterase activity in soils. Therefore an important indicator of soil fertility and aerobic microorganisms (Burns R.G., 1982). Urease (EC 3.5.1.5) activity in soils depends from organic and inorganic matter content; especially urease is very sensitive to heavy metals (Girish S.et al., 2011). EXPERIMENTAL Three types of soils samples were used in our study (table 1). In all soil samples moisture, soluble protein, protease, catalase and urease activities were estimated.
16

Chemical composition and quality of some river of Mongol Altai

G.Erdenechimeg1, Munguntsetseg2
School of Pharmacy, HSUM 2 Faculty of Chemistry, NUM e-mail:Chimge_5@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Main ions and guality of Hovd River and, its subrivers were studied. Keywords: Hovd River, main ions, mineralization
1

INTRODUCTION
he surface water of Mongolia is classified into three groups according to its watershed; Arctic Ocean, Pacific Ocean and Continental watershed. The continental watershed involves 68 % of the surface area of Mongolia and 40 % of water capacity. The system of Khovd River is in Khyargas Lake Basin. The system of Khovd River involves 99 % of surface area of Bayan-Ulgii province, 21.0 % of surface area of Khovd province and 21.0 % of surface area of Uvs province. Khovd river is the seventh longest and the fifth largest river in Mongolia. Its source is the top glacials of Altai Tavan Bogd Mountains and it flows to Khar-Us Lake. Several other rivers, Tsagaan, Ikh, Uigar, Sogoo, Sagsai, Khatuu, Khavchig, Shijigt, Uliastai, Shurag, Shiver, whose sources are in the glacials of Altai Tavan Bogd mountains flow to Khovd river. G.N. Potanin /1883/, B.A. Smernov /1932/, N.D.Bespalov /1951/, Sh.Luwsandorj /1959, 1968/, D.Dawaasuren /1961/, N.Tsend, Sh.Sodnombaljer /1964/, J.Tserensodnom /1971, 1975/, B. Tsendee /1980/, B. Ariyadagva /1985/ did hydrochemical studies from the points of the sample from Hovd river. According to the classification of O.A.Alekin from that research result Khovd river and its subrivers and lakes waters belong to the group of hydrocarbonate with low mineralization and low hardness water. Beside that do some research and summerize some materials, determine the composition water from Mongol Altai mointain, water gualified estimation, defermine pollution source, collect some etalon materials.
19

EXPERIMENTAL
Hydrochemical studies of the water samples were done using methods of O.A.Alekin (1973), U.U.Lurie (1971-1947) V.Leite (1975), L.P.Sokolova (1989), L.A.Reznikov (1970), D.Darimaa (1985), A.Munguntsetseg (2003). We have taken samples from the points of Khovd river and its subrivers, and determined the location of groundwater by JPS until October, 2010. We did chemical composition analysis complex in Barnayl Laboratory of water institution in Russia

Figure 1. The points of the sample

Coumarins of Peucedanum baicalense and cytotoxic activity of some isolated coumarins

J.Ganbaatar1, E.E.Shults2, .N.Petrova2, M..Shakirov2, D.tgonsuren1, E.Munkhbat1, D.Badamkhand1, G.A.Tolstikov2, D.Batsuren1
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS 2 Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SO RAN

ABSTRACT: It was shown that the plant Peucedanum baicalense (Redow.) Koch is the source of valuable coumarins. Five linear furocoumarins isoimperatorin, fellopterin, 8-(1,1-dimethylallyloxy) bergapten, deltoin and marmesin were isolated from the roots of Peucedanum baicalense (Redow.) Koch. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The cytotoxicity of isoimperatorin, fellopterin, 8-(1,1-dimethylallyloxy)bergapten and deltoin was studied on models of human EM-13, MT-4 and U-937 tumor cells. Compound 8-(1,1dimethylallyloxy)bergapten had the greatest cytotoxicity. Keywords: Peucedanum baicalense, furocoumarins, isoimperatorin, fellopterin, 8-(1,1-dimethylallyloxy)bergapten, deltoin, cytotoxic activity, tumor cells, X-ray analysis

INTRODUCTION lants of the genus Peucedanum sp. attract an attention of many researchers as a source of coumarins. Previously, we isolated pyranocoumarin (+)-pterixin from Peucedanum terebinthaceum Fischer et Turcz. of the Mongolian flora [1]. Plants belonging to Peucedanum species characterized as the source of angular furocoumarins [2]. Coumarins are considered as phytoalexins since plants produce them as defence substances when wounded or attacked by other organisms. Coumarins can be suggested to be beneficial for the plants themselves as natural biocontrolling antipathogenic compounds as well as for humans as remedy for hyperproliferative skin deseases and as reference compounds in various bioactive tests. Furthermore, coumarin containing plants are valuable as dietary supplements on the basis of their mild antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects. Coumarins are also active in a plant metabolism, taking part in growth regulation. Peucedanum baicalense (Redow.) Koch is a plant which widely spread throughout the

Mongolian territory [3]. To our knowledge a systematic phytochemical investigation of this plant has not been properly carried out yet. The aim of this study was to investigate coumarins of Peucedanum baicalense (Redow.) Koch and cytoxic activity some of the pure coumarins. EXPERIMENTAL Roots of P. baicalense were collected near the place Baruun buren, Selenge aimag, Mongolia in its butonization-flowering period in 2012. . Air-dried ground roots of Peucedanum baicalense (Redow.) Koch (400 g) were exhaustively extracted by maceration with 96% EtOH (3x500 ml) at room temperature. The EtOH extract was evaporated to an aqueous residue, which diluted with distilled water (1:1), and filtered. The filtrate was fractionated by solvents with increasing polarity, i. e., n-hexane, diethyl ether and ethylacetate, respectively. Each fraction was condensed by a rotatory evaporator. Then, the fractions were separated by column chromatography over silica gel.
23

Comparative study of essential oil constituents of Bupleurum species from Mongolia

Sh.Altantsetseg, S.Shatar, N.Javzmaa
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Ttechnology, MAS e-mail: altaa12000@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Essential oils have been isolated from the Mongolian plant species Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd, Bupleurum sibiricum Vest and Bupleurum multinerve DC by a hydro distillation method. The compositions of the essentials oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. Indicating the following main constituents: limonene (15.21%), p-cymene (11.54%), (E)--ocimene (10.50%), myrcene (8.09%), sabinene (6.56%), -pinene (6.33%), germacrene-D (4.08%), -pinene (3.13%), -cadinene (2.73%), spathulenol (2.71%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.53%) for B.scorzonerifolium; caryophyllene oxide (16.97%), spathulenol (7.25%), pentodecane (6.33%), -pinene (4.20%), limonene (3.30%), myrcene (3.09%), cis-carvylacetate (1.69%) and -cubebene (1.43%) for B.sibiricum; germacrene-D (19.41%), (E)--ocimene (18.63%), myrcene (9.13%), limonene (7.81%), E-caryophyllene (4.60%), sabinene (2.80%), -elemene (2.72%), bicyclogermacrene, -pinene, -terpinene, (Z)- -ocimene (2.00-2.10%), and caryophyllene oxide (1.11%) for B.multinerve. Keywords: Bupleurum scorzonerifolium, B.sibiricum, B.multinerve (Apiaceae), essential oil composition

INTRODUCTION he genus Bupleurum is a very common wild growing perennial and 150 species of those originate from Euro-Asia[1]. The roots are collected in the spring and autumn of those bitter herbs are used in herbal medicine that contain rutin, quercetin, organic acids (oleic, linolenic, palmetic, stearic et al), stigmasterol and bupleuromol, as well as calcium and potassium[2.3]. The Bupleurum root is considered an herbal anti-inflammatory and antibacterial agent that may be useful for treating rheumatoid arthritis as well as it is a popular plant in traditional medical systems in Europe and Asia with reputation in treatment of chronic enlarged liver or spleen which are caused by chemicals and other hepatic affects, liver stasis, liver congestion, depression and irregular menstruation[5]. In Mongolian traditional therapy, the aerial parts of Bupleurum species are used in some

cardiovascular diseases, in addition to infectious diseases4. A literature search is revealed many references of previous work those are on the essential oils of Bupleurum species[6-8]. Volatile components of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium and Bupleurum sibiricum from the Mongolian flora have been investigated[9,10] previously, while there is no report on the volatile constituents of the aerial parts of Bupleurum multinerve. The aim of this paper was to investigate the chemical compositions of the essential oils of B.scorzonerifolium, B.sibiricum and B.multinerve from the Mongolian forest-steppe region. EXPERIMENTAL Plant material. The aerial parts of the B.sibiricum Vest were collected from Zuunharaa of the Selenge aimag, B.multinerve DC and B. scorzonerifolium Willd were collected from Terelj, Hentii mountains in Mongolia

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Comparison of hematological and histological analysis of Clinomon and Litovit-M in mice

J.Oyuntsetseg1, P.Odnoo2, J.Ganbaatar1, L.Mandakhsaikhan1 L.Tsogtzandan2
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS 2 Mongolian International University

ABSTRACT: Based on earlier studies we activated Mongolian Tsagaantsav zeolite by tribo-mechanical avtivation and utilized it as a food additive, giving it the name Clinomon. This research is devoted to investigation whether the supplementations of 2 levels (0.5%and 10%) of Clinomon and Litovit-M in the concentrate feed of mice have any effects on their hematological parameters and compare parameters of Clinomon and Litovit-M. Keywords: Tsagaantsav zeolite, Clinomon, Litovit-M, clinoptilolite, dietary supplement , hematological parameters, histo-pathology analysis.

INTRODUCTION ongolia is rich in many types of mineral resources; zeolite which has unique properties is deservedly one of them. Zeolite from the Mongolian Tsagaantsav deposit has certain advantages like having similar chemical composition and physicochemical properties to zeolite from the Russian Kholinskii deposit. Based on earlier studies we activated Mongolian Tsagaantsav zeolite by tribo-mechanical avtivation and utilized it as a food additive, giving it the name Clinomon. The aim of this research was to investigate whether the supplementations of 2 levels (0.5%and 10%) of Clinomon and Litovit-M in the concentrate feed of mice have any effects on their hematological parameters and compare parameters of Clinomon and Litovit-M. Clinoptilolite were added to the standard mouse ration. Four preparations differing in particle size were tested: grilled by vibration mill (VC), natural clinoptilolite (NC), tribomechanically micronized clinoptilolite by attritor mill, named Clinomon (MC) and Russian dietary supplement Litovit-M (LM). A total of 54 CBA strain mice were divided into 9 groups (n=6) and supplied with food containing 0.5% or 10%

clinoptilolite powders. Two mice were sacrificed from each group after 10, 20 and 30 days, and blood samples from these mice were collected for hematological parameters and liver and kidney were obtained for histopathological analysis. The mice fed Clinomon and Litovit-M didnt lose weight. Liver and kidney histopathology were not affected. Clinomon, made by Mongolian Tsagaantsav deposits clinoptilolite and Litovit-M, made by Russian Kholinskii deposits clinoptilolite at the levels of 0.5% and 10% in the concentrates doesnt have any adverse effect on RBC, WBC and HGB. From these results, we concluded that there were no significant differences between Clinomon and Litovit-M on hematological and histological analysis. In further, we should study it in long term with large variants animals. This paper was based on the animal welfare application of zeolite. We focused more on previous studies about biomedicine and the animal nutrition of zeolite. Various biomedical applications of natural zeolite. Clinoptilolite is non-toxic and safe for use in human and veterinary medicine. Animal fodder containing zeolites has been shown to increase biomass production in fisheries [1], to promote weight

31

Determination of phenolic compounds in Moravian wines

S.Badamtestseg1, Ignc Hoza2, Pavel Valek2, Vlastimil Kub3
Department of Biological Active Products, Drug Research Institute, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2 Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Tomas Bata University, Zlin, Czech Republic 3 Institute of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic e-mail:Badamtsetseg.s@monos.mn ABSTRACT: Wines were made from Grner Veltliner and Zweigelt and cultivars were grown in four different geographical regions of Austria and Czech Republic; two wineries in Austria (Poysdorf, Groriedenthal) and two wineries in the Czech Republic (Velk Blovice, Boovice). Eleven individual phenolics were quantified using a HPLC/UV-VIS method. Keywords: Moravian wine, phenolics, HPLC/UV-VIS, phenolic acids
1

INTRODUCTION

he phenols compounds in wine include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds, known as polyphenols that affect the taste, color and mouthfeel of wine. This large group can be broadly separated into two categories such as flavonoids and nonflavonoids. Flavonoids include anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine. Non-flavonoids include stilbenes sach as resveratrol and compounds derived from acids in wine like benzoic, caffeic and cinnamic acid. White wine contains significantly lower amounts of total polyphenols compared with red wines, mainly hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids and flavan-3-ols [1]. As a material for winemaking, the phenolic compounds of wine grape are one of the most important aspects determining wine quality. A large number of published works have focused on the essential contributions of phenolic profiles to wine quality and sensory properties [2, 3].

The phenolic profiles in wine depend on the phenols contained in the grapes, the extraction parameters, yeast strain, processing enzymes, cap management, and alcohol concentration [4,5], while the phenolic compounds of grapes are affected by many factors such as genetic variation, maturity, climatic and geographical conditions [6,7]. Other factors that influence the extent of phenolic extraction are the molecular weight, size and type of phenolic molecules, the surface area for the concentration gradient, other temperature treatments including grape and must freezing and thermovinification, and factors that affect cell permeability [8]. In this study some flavonoids, phenolic acids, flavonols and resveratrol were determined. These compounds could be key agents of the antioxidant action on the human metabolism pathway, the reason why we wanted to obtain indication to qualify the wine from a nutritional point of view. Also, the environmental condition (temperature, rainfall/humidity, high above sea level and geochemical characteristics) can affect the wine maturation and consequently the concentration of its phenolic compounds.

37

Two new alkaloids from the aerial parts of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge.
M.Dumaa1, Ya.Gerelt-Od1, Zh.Puzhao2, L.Yinggang2, S.Javzan1, D.Selenge1, G.Zhang2
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2 Chengdu Institute of Biology, CHAS, Chengdu, China

ABSTRACT: Two new alkaloids moncaryopterine A and moncaryopterine B were isolated from the aerial parts of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. by the column chromatography and HPLC methods. Molecular structures of them were elucidated by MS, 1H, 13C, HSQC, HMBC, 1H/1H COSY, and 1H/1H NOESY NMR methods. Keywords: Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. Verbenaceae, alkaloids, moncaryopterine A, moncaryopterine B

INTRODUCTION aryopteris mongolica Bunge. is a deciduous shrub and belongs to the Verbenaceae family. It is widely distributed throughout the Mongolian territory [1]. In addition, this plant species grows in some provinces of Hebei, Shanxi of Inner Mongolia and Gansu, China [2]. In fact, Caryopteris mongolica is only species grown in Mongolia, whereas about 16 other species are discovered in different places of the world. In Mongolian traditional medicine aerial parts of C. mongolica have been used for the treatment of haemorrhage, chronic bronchitis and for an increasing of the muscle strength and urinary excretion [3]. In Chinese folk medicine Caryopteris terniflora has been used as antipyretic, expectorant and for the treatment of tuberculosis, rheumatism and cold [4]. Some species of Caryopteris are cultivated for a decoration arrangement and ornamental purposes. Previous chemical investigations of Caryopteris mongolica showed the presence of essential oils, mono and sesquiterpenoids [5], hypolaetin7-glucoside [6], iridiod glucosides and steriods [7, 8, 9]. Moreover, from other species of

Caryopteris iridoids, steroid glucosides, phenylethanoids, diterpenoids, phenolic acids, -caryopterone, a new pyranojuglone, clandonoside and its acetylated derivatives have been isolated, respectively [10, 11, 12, 13, 14]. To the best of our knowledge there are no data on alkaloids in all species of Caryopteris. However, we are reporting here of the molecular structure elucidation of two alkaloids isolated from the aerial parts of C. mongolica. EXPERIMENTAL Plant material. The aerial parts of Caryopteris mongolica Bunge. were collected from Terelj Mountain chains, vicinity of Ulaanbaatar, during the flowering period in August 2010. Dr. B. Mandakh, Institute of Botany, MAS has identified the plant species and voucher specimen was deposited at the Herbariums of the Natural Products Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences. Extraction and isolation of alkaloids. The air dried and powdered aerial parts (3.3 kg) of Caryopteris mongolica were extracted with 94% ethanol at room temperature for 3 times.
41

The comparison between novel reagent H-142, H-143, H-145 and xanthate for flotation behaviour of molybdenum-containing ores
Z.Zolzaya, G.Burmaa, S.Enkhtuul, D.Khasbaatar, M.Munkhshur, E.Otgonjargal
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS ABSTRACT: In this study, a novel flotation collector reagents were tested for molybdenum containing ore. H-142 (E)4-[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-3-penten-2-one, H-143 (Z)-4-[(2-[(E)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-byteny]) aminoethyl) amino]-3penten-2-one and H-145 (E)-4-[(6-[(E)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-butenyl] aminohexyl) amino]-3-penten-2-one collector reagents were used in flotation process for molybdenum containing ore. Maximum metal recoveries of molybdenum were 63.61%, 67.80% and 68.13%, respectively. Molybdenum recovery of traditional collector butyl xanthate was 15.8%. Keywords: Synthetic reagent, Flotation, Molybdenum, Collector

INTRODUCTION olybdenum does not naturally occur as a free metal on the Earth, but rather in various states in minerals, which is most frequently used as an alloying addition in alloy and stainless steels [1]. Its alloying versatility is unmatched because its addition enhances strength, hardenability, weldability, toughness, elevated temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Approximately, 50% all molybdenum production comes from Cu-Mo ore as a byproduct [2]. Mongolia is a major producer and exporter of copper and molybdenum concentrate, accounting for 1.2% of the world's molybdenum production [3]. Molybdenum recovery of Erdenet mining what is only one Cu-Mo mining industry in Mongolia is only 45%. It needs to find a way to increase molybdenum recovery. One of main minerals of molybdenum is molybdenite (MoS2) that begins from primary process of geochemistry. Flotation means to concentrate the minerals according to their physical and chemical diversity of surface, and specific character to be soaked with water. A several chemicals of

different capacity are used in the flotation process. Flotation chemicals are divided as collector, coordinator and foaming according to their purpose. Here, we present the possibility use of novel collector reagents such as (E)-4-[(2hydroxyethyl)amino]-3-penten-2-one (H-142), (Z)-4-[(2-[(E)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-byteny]) aminoethyl) amino]-3-penten-2-one (H-143) and (E)-4-[(6-[(E)-1-methyl-3-oxo-1-butenyl] aminohexyl ) amino]-3-penten-2-one) (H-145) that recover the molybdenum from the Cu-Mo ore and compare the result with the traditional collector BX. EXPERIMENTAL Main analysis and experiments were carried out in the laboratory of precious and rare metals, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences and Central Laboratory of Geology. Samples were prepared from copper and molybdenum ore of Erdenet mining in 2007. Novel reagents H-142, H-143 and H-145 as collectors that synthesized in the Irkutsk Institute of Organic

46

Investigation of glucan polysaccharides derived from Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. grown in Mongolia
Ts.Bolor, N.Erdenechimeg, B.Amartuvshin, L.Munkhgerel, P.Odonmajig
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS e-mail: p_odonmajig@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to analyze chemical composition and to isolate the glucan polysaccharides of fruiting bodies of F.fomentarius (L.) Fr. grown in Mongolia. Extraction with hot water (yield 0.91%) and alkalisoluble extraction (yield 3.7%) were purified and examined by using PC, IR and viscometric analysis, respectively. Water fraction showed mainly glucose, rhamnose and arabinose. This preparation contained 0.16% protein and molecular weights were about 6829.3 Da. And Alkali- soluble extraction consist of glucose and rhamnose. The molecular weight of these polysaccharides was 507.9 Da and contained 0.2% protein. Element analysis of Fomes fomentarius (L.) Fr. showed that this fungus contains K, Mg, Ca, Zn and other elements favoring health.

Keywords: Fomes fomentarius ( L.) Fr., polysaccharide, monosaccharide, glucan

INTRODUCTION edicinal mushrooms have been widely used as tonic food and herb remedy in many Asian countries since ancient times. They comprise a vast and yet largely untapped source of powerful new pharmaceutical products and represent a source of polysaccharides with antitumor and immunostimulating properties [1, 2]. Therefore, searching for alternative medicines and natural therapeutics for cancer therapy, medicinal mushrooms are among the most promising targets. Fomes fomentarius (Tender polypore) is a fungus of the Polyporaceae family. It is also used to make a popular drink, which is believed in Japan to be a tonic and to have an anticancer effect. It has also been reported that Fomes fomentarius has an inhibitory effect of virus infection on plants [1]. The fruiting body has been used as a traditional Chinese medicine for many centuries for the treatment of various diseases, including oral ulcer, gastro enteric disorder, hepatocirrhosis, inammation, and various cancers. Recent study has shown that F.fomentarius has the effect of being

antioxidant, anti-inammatory, antidiabetic and antitumor activities [1, 3, 4]. As a result of its perceived health benets, F.fomentarius has gained wide popularity as an eective medicine and has become one of the valuable mushrooms in China. The fall in supply and the increase in demand have stimulated interest in the search for substitutes of the natural products of the fungus [5-10]. Also, methanol extract of F.fomentarius had immunomodulatory activity [1]. Wasser S.P and Weis A.L have shown that the beta-glucans from fruiting body and submerged and cultured mycelial biomass of F.fomentarius had antitumor activity [11]. Mushrooms polysaccharides, especially, the high molecular weight -D-glucan have been considered to have anti-cancer activity. Many polysaccharides (glucans) purified from mushroom fungi belong to either homoglycans or heteroglycans while others mostly bind to protein residues as polysaccharide-protein complexes. The fungal antitumor polysaccharides are mainly present as glucans with different types of glycosidic linkages, but some are true heteroglycans. Glucan from the
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Investigation of medical mud from Holboolj Lake

G.Dolmaa, B.Nomintsetseg, G.Ganzaya
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS e-mail: ganzaya_g@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: We have studied physicochemical properties and yield of free and linked organic compound, mineral components, element and yield of macromolecular compounds of healing mud, which is collected from Holboolj Lake. Minerals enter peloids underground as well as from the surface. They are leached out of the surrounding earth into the peloid bed. We determined microcline -K(Si3AI)O8, quartz- SiO2 which is most common mineral on the face of earth and albite - Na (AISi3O8) by X-Ray diffraction analysis. The organic matter of medical mud investigated using chemical analysis and analytical technique. Some classes of biomolecules including humin, lipid, and carbohydrate were identified. Humic acid which is the major part of peloid organic matter concentration varied 0.59% and 41.54% of total organic matter of peloid. Composition of organic matter in peloid is to affect its chemical and physical property and to empower bio-chemical process in mud. Holboolj Lake belongs to continental hydrosulfide peloid. Keywords: peloid, hydrosulfide, mineral

INTRODUCTION eloids are natural great product and multicomponent system, which consists of minerals, water, salt, free and linked organic matter and organo-mineral complex, micro and macro elements, macromolecular compounds. Peloids formed a very long period of time by chemical, physical, biological and geological processes, and that became healthfulness.[1]The first recorded use of medical mud goes back to ancient Greek but research work of medical mud was not performed until 19th century. Nowadays, many country studied chemical composition and properties of own countrys peloid. For example, Russian scientists carried out extensive research on the chemical nature and therapeutic properties of the sapropel and peat. There are more than hundred lakes with medical mud in Mongolian but we have studied physicochemical properties and some organic compound of healing mud, which is collected from 30 lakes. The main objective of this paper is to determine the chemical, physical composition of natural healing mud from

Holboolj Lake and to provide some fundamental data which are useful to explain the therapeutic effects of peloid. EXPERIMENTAL Sampling area. We selected and collected the samples of the peloid from the bottom sediments of the Holboolj Lake that located at 1330 m above the sea level and situated southwest from Bogd sum, Baynkhongor province. The size of the lake is 0.6 km by 1,2 km [2]. Water in this lake is highly mineralized. Methods. For investigation we have used MNS 5849:2008 [3] standard for determination of general characteristics of peloid and organic matters isolated from dried peloids, that preliminary washed by distilled water with the purpose of cleaning from salts, consistently extracted with hexane, chloroform, acetone, and mixture of ethanol: benzene (1:9). The concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) was determined using rapid dichromate oxidation of organic matter (Nelson and Sommers, 1996). The composition of organic compounds was determined by IR method. IR
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Investigation on characterization and liquefaction of coals from Tsaidamnuur and Khoot deposits
S.Batbileg , Ya.Dabaajav, B.Purevsuren, J.Namkhainorov
Institiute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS ABSTRACT: On the basis of proximate, ultimate, petrographic and IR analysis results have been confirmed that the Khoot coal is a middle-rank D mark stone coal and Tsaidamnuur coal is a low-rank B mark lignite brown coal. The results of X-ray fluorescence analysis of coal ash show that the Khoot and Tsaidamnuur coals are subbituminous coal. The ash of Khoot coal has an acidic character and the ash of Tsaidamnuur coal has an alkaline character. The results of pyrolysis of Khoot coal at different heating temperatures show that a maximum yield-10,3% of liquid product can be obtained at 600oC. Also the results of pyrolysis of Tsaidamnuur coal at different heating temperatures show that a maximum yield-13,7% of liquid product can be obtained at 500oC. The results of thermal dissolution of Khoot coal in tetralin with constant mass ratio between coal and tetralin (1:1,8) at 450oC show that 60,8% of liquid product can be obtained after thermal decomposition of the coal organic mass. Also the results of thermal dissolution of Tsaidamnuur coal in tetralin with constant mass ratio between coal and tetralin (1:1,8) at 450 oC show that 80,0% of liquid product can be obtained after thermal decomposition of the coal organic mass. Keywords: pyrolysis, petrographic, mineral compounds, thermal dissolution

INTRODUCTION oal has been believed to be the major energy source and feedstock of chemical industry among fossil resources in the coming century because of its abundant reserves and easy availability. Because of instability on world oil market , the diversification of energy carriers is practically implemented in many countries with involvement of various nontraditional types of organic raw materials, primarily, coal, whose reserves are much greater than oil and gas reserves. Mongolia is the country of lack of oil source with relative rich in coal resource. Mongolia has 20 billion tons of proven coal reserves and estimated resources totalling 163 billion tons, mostly of them is low-rank brown coal, but remain undeveloped due to a lack of infrastructure. Such reserves include the huge Tavan tolgoi deposit in the South Gobi, which contains over 5 billion tons of high quality stone and coking coal, but lies more than 400 km from the nearest railway. There is a large brown

coal basin (Jurassic origin), which contains the Baganuur, Ovdogkhudag, Aduunchuluun, Tevshiin govi, Khoot, Tsaidam nuur and Shivee ovoo deposits and this is located in the central economic region of Mongolia [1 ]. The most important features of these deposits are accessed by opencast mining and coal can be transported using the nearby railway. In Mongolia coal is currently the main energy carrier for thermal power plants and local boiler houses and there is almost no other form of large-scale coal utilization industry [2 ]. Now Mongolia exports about 15 million tons raw coal by trucks from the South gobi to China. However, coal samples from the Tavan tolgoi deposit have been assessed for benefication [3] and coke production [4 ], samples from Baganuur, Bayanteeg and Shivee ovoo deposits as fuel for pyrolysis [5], hydrogenation[6] and gasification [7,8]. Also samples from Ovdogkhudag and Aduunchuluun deposits have been assessed for their liquefaction potential using facilities in Japan [9]. However, the coals of Khoot and
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Investigation of Phenolic Compounds of Scabiosa comosa, structure elucidation of cosmosine

D.Batsuren1, A.Tuvshintugs1, B.Ganpurev2, B.Sodbayar2, B.Enkhjargal1, J.Tunsag1
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, 2 Health Sciences University of Mongolia e-mail: dubatsuren@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: From the areal parts of Scabiosa comosa Fisch. has been isolated cosmosine. The structure was confirmed by chemical and spectral analysis. Keywords: Scabiosa comosa, flavonoid, cosmosine, phenolic compounds, diethyl ester of caffeic acid, apigenin, apigenin-O-glycoside, NMR

INTRODUCTION n traditional Mongolian medicine aerial parts of Scabiosa comosa used for treatment of diseases of urino-genital system and kidney diseases.[1] From 88g ethylacetate fraction of the aerial parts of Scabiosa comosa isolated biologically active compound which has yellow colour. This compound was crystallized by chloroform-acetone mixture and filtrated, after drying we obtained 5,9mg compound (S-2) belonging to flavonoid group. Compound S-2 separated by using of chloroform-methanol (98:2) system as eluent. This work is the continuation of previous work [2,3] concerning to isolation of caffeic acids diethyl ether and apigenin from Scabiosa comosa. In papers [2,3] described this plant, date of collection, methods for isolation of compounds as well as chromatographical methods. This paper contain material concerning to isolation of S-2 (flavon compound 7-O--D-glycopyranoside) and structure elucidation by 1H, 13C NMR and two dimensional spectral methods.

EXPERIMENTAL For structure elucidation of compounds we used 1 H, 13C NMR, DEPT, two dimensional (H-H2D COSY HSQC HMBC) spectral methods. Spectra recorded on BRUKER 500MHz NMR spectrometer. Solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is used. Chemical shifts expressed with ppm, spin-spin coupling Hz, the quantity of protons calculated by integral curve. For structure elucidation of the compound S-2 we dissolved it in DMSO and recorded their 1H NMR spectra (Pig.1). According to 1H NMR spectra showed the presence of two protons at chemical shift 7.96 ppm (2H, d, J=8Hz) and 6.93 ppm (2H, d, J=8,5Hz), as well as two signals of aromatics protons with J=8Hz. Thus, compound S-2 might be included to flavones, 4 position of C-cycle substituted by functional groups. Because of influence of substituted groups protons H-2, H6, H-3, H-5 transfer to magnitude equivalent condition and detected signal of those two proton. This is common properly of two substituted aromatic protons and referred to

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Phytochemical constituents on leaves of Mongolian Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.)

G.Davaakhuu1, N.Tsevegsuren1, Ts.Bulgan2
1

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, NUM, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2 School of Technology MUST, Darkhan, Mongolia

ABSTRACT: Sea buckthorn (H.rhamnoids L.), a member of the family Elaeagnaceae, is a deciduous spiny shrub or small tree and widely distributed in cold regions of Mongolia such as Khangai, Mongol Daguur, Khovd, Mongol Altai, Gobi Altai and Great Lakes regions. They are rich source of vitamins (especially vitamin C), sugars, organic acids and bioactive compounds. We have conducted biochemical and phytochemical studies of leaves Mongolian Sea buckthorn varieties (Ayaganga, B-32, and Prevoskhodnaya). The contents of flavonoids and proteins in Mongolian sea buckthorn leaves were ranged 0.29-0.35%, 16.43-19.50%. We conclude that leaves of Sea buckthorn growing in Mongolia contain similar biologically active substances and vitamin C (110.8-154.3 mg%) like berries and might be serve as raw material for producing of essential dietary products. Keywords: Sea buckthorn, H.rhamnoids L., Elaeagnaceae

INTRODUCTION ea buckthorn (H.rhamnoids L.), a member of the family Elaeagnaceae, is a deciduous spiny shrub or small tree between 2-4 m high, hard, drought and usually cold tolerant, useful for the land reclamation and farmstead protection (Ligaa et al, 2005; Camelia et al, 2008). Sea buckthorn (SBT) is widely distributed in cold regions of Mongolia such as Khangai, Mongol Daguur, Khovd, Mongol Altai, Gobi Altai and Great Lakes regions (Juuperelmaa, 2011). In Mongolia SBT grows approximately 4000 hector area and covers major part of the forest area in the region and is being used as food and pharmaceutical applications (Avdai, 2012). All parts of Sea buckthorn are considered to be rich source of a large number of bioactive substances like flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins (C, E, K), tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, glycerides, proteins, some essential amino acids, minerals (Ca, Mg and K), folic acid, free and esterified sterols and

isoprenols (Salenko et al, 1986; Uransanaa et al, 2003; Tiffany et al, 2005; Gupta et al., 2005; Zu et al., 2006; Ranjith, 2009; Efterpi, 2012). The plant has been used extensively in oriental traditional system of medicine for treatment of asthma, skin diseases, gastric ulcers and lung disorders (Ligaa et al, 2005; Ranjith, 2009). Besides the berries and seeds, leaves of Sea buckthorn have also been reported as having nutritional properties and have been used in some countries to produce leaf extract, tea, tea powder, animal feed, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics (Tiffany et al, 2005; Suryakumar and Gupta, 2011; Efterpi, 2012;). The phenolic compounds found in the leaves have been reported as useful antioxidants (Bandoniene et al, 2000; Vaher and Koel, 2003). The phytochemical information of Mongolian Sea buckthorn leaves is scarce in the literature. In this study were investigated in detail for phytochemical composition and antioxidant properties of Mongolian Sea buckthorn varieties.

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Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the traditional Mongolian drug Garidi-5

E.Sugarjav1, B.Uuganbayar1, G.Davaakhuu2, Z.Oyun1, P.Molor-Erdene3, Z.Ariunaa1, Ch.Chimedragchaa1, S.Oldokh3
1

Traditional Medical Science, Technology and Production Corporation 2 School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering,NUM, 3 Health Sciences University of Mongolia e-mail: suugii324@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Garidi-5, a traditional medicine composed of 5 herbs including Terminalia chebula Retz., Aconitum Kusnezoffii Reichb., Acorus calamus L., Saussurea lappa L., and musk of Moschus moschiferus, has been used in traditional Mongolian medicine as an analgesic and antibacterial medicine. Bioactive compounds of Garidi-5 were determined by the FolinCiocalteu method. An antioxidant potential of the methanol extract of Garidi-5 was evaluated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging assay. Writhing was induced in mice by an intraperitoneal injection of 0.6 % acetic acid solution (10 ml/kg). Water extract of Garidi-5 was given orally at concentrations of 20 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. Aspirin was used as a standard medicine (100 mg/kg). Gallic acid, -azarone, costunolide, alkaloids and testosterone were detected in Garidi-5. Methanol extract of Garidi-5 showed the highest (95.11%) DPPH radical scavenging activity at concentration of 0.05 g/ml. Moreover, Garidi-5 significantly reduced the number of writhes induced by acetic acid in mice by 40.4-47.9% suggesting that it has peripheral antinociceptive effect. Keywords: Garidi-5, antioxidant, antinociceptive effect

INTRODUCTION aridi-5 has been used in traditional Mongolian medicine as an antibacterial and analgesic agent for treatments of various diseases including typhus, dyphteria, joint conditions, neurological and skin disorders. Garidi-5 is composed of 5 herbs including Terminalia chebula Retz., Aconitum Kusnezoffii Reichb., Acorus calamus L., Saussurea lappa L., and musk of Moschus moschiferus [1,2]. As written in traditional medical sourcebooks the compounds of Gairidi5 mainly balance humors, detoxify the body, kill bacteria and relieve pain [2]. A variety of bioactive substances have been detected in the components of Garidi-5. Terfalvin B and gallic acid have been found in Terminalia chebula Retz. [3]. Diterpene alkaloids [4,5,6] and polysaccharides have been isolated from the root of Terminalia chebula. Saussurea lappa L.
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is rich in sesquiterpenoid lactones and terpenoids [7]. In the present study, antioxidative and antinociceptive activities of Garidi-5 were examined. Phytochemical screening was also performed to determine the presence of some bioactive components including gallic acid, total alkaloids, -azarone, costunolide, and testosterone. EXPERIMENTAL Animals. Specific pathogen-free white mice weighing 20-30 g were used for the study and all were housed in a quiet room with 12 h light/dark cycle. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Health Sciences University of Mongolia and the care and handling of animals were in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration.

Preliminary results on characterization of various coal combustion products from Mongolian thermal power stations and their application for preparation of geopolymers
A.Minjigmaa, Ts.Zolzaya, B.Davaabal, U.Bayarzul, J.Temuujin
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS ABSTRACT: At present, over 90% of Mongolian electricity is produced by combined heat and thermal power stations. The main coal deposits used for Central power system's power stations are Baganuur, Shivee-ovoo lignite type coal and Shariin gol bituminous coal. In Mongolia almost 600,000 tonnes of coal combustion by-products are disposed of in waste ponds. In this paper we report preliminary characterisation of Mongolian coal combustion by-products including fly ashes sourced directly from thermal power stations and ash retrieved from ponds. It was determined that fly ashes generated from Baganuur and Shivee-ovoo coal deposits are class C, while ash from Shariin gol coal is class F (according the ASTM C618). All ash products were characterised by chemical, mineralogical, granulometrical, porosity, FE-SEM and radiation methods. Fly ashes sourced directly from power stations were found to be more suitable for manufacture of geopolymers for building materials application. Keywords: coal, coal combustion by-products, synthesis, geopolymers

INTRODUCTION he most common usage of coal is burning as a solid fuel to produce electricity. It is estimated that around 40% of total electricity produced in the world is generated by coal burning (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal) and this is likely not to be decreased by near future. Approximately 10-30% of the original coal is not consumed in the burning process and remains as coal combustion by-products. Generally, the chemical, mineralogical composition and volume of the coal combustion by-products are determined by the content and composition of the inorganic constituent of the original coal and design and operation of the power station (Jha et al., 2008). Coal combustion by-products also can be divided into different types; namely bottom ash or boiler slag, fly ash and flue gas desulphurisation materials. In a review on fly ash utilisation Ahmaruzzaman (2010) states that the world's current annual production of coal ash is around 600 million tonnes of which fly ash is about 500
78

million tonnes. Ash products are usually disposed of in landfill or in ash ponds, but with such enormous volumes it is creating environmental problems and becoming costly overhead for coal fired power generation. Thus, there is a strong incentive to find useful and sustainable ways to utilise ash products (Wang and Wu, 2006). Currently worldwide utilisation is about 16% of total the total ash produced, though it varies from country to country. For instance, Japan utilises over 97% of coal ash (http://www.jcoal.or.jp/coaltech_en/coalash/ash 01e.html) while in Australia over 40% of the ash isutilised (http://www.adaa.asn.au/documents/ADAA_Ms hip_Report_2010.pdf). Recent reports have indicated that Mongolia has total coal reserves of over 150 billion tonnes located in more than 200 coal deposits within 12 coal basins (http://www.mmre.energy.mn/branch/now/103/ detail/1004090003/). In Mongolia over 90% of electricity is produced by coal fired power stations. The maximum energy production of all the power stations is 4,256 million kWh,

Protein and amino acid compositions in some Mongolian wood-rotting fungi

Sh.Naranmandakh
School of Biology and Biotechnology, NUM e-mail: smandakh@num.edu.mn ABSTRACT: In this study the contents of total nitrogen, crude protein, easy extracted protein and the compositions of free and proteins amino acids in five wood-rotting fungi, growing in Mongolia were analyzed. All those fungi are medicinal and the medicinal use of them has a very long tradition in the Asian countries. Dried wood-rotting fungi Fomitopsis officinalis (Vill. ex Fr.) and Inonotus obliquus (Pers. ex Fr.) contain very low crude protein (8.06% and 9.12%, respectively) in comparison with edible mushrooms. The protein content of the other 3 species Fomes fomentarus (L. ex Fr.), Fomitopsis pinicola (Schwarts. ex Fr.) and Laetiporus sulphureus (Bull. ex Fr.) were range from 20.79 to 28.31% such as in most medicinal mushrooms. All investigated fungi are a good source of brain amino acids as aspartic and glutamic acids. A high amount of essential free amino acids such as tryptophan, cysteine and methionine was determined in all investigated wood-rotting fungi although some of them showed a low content of protein. Keywords: medicinal fungi, nitrogen content, protein, essential amino acids

INTRODUCTION ungi have influenced human affairs for thousands of years, either as a direct food source and in a food process, or as a medicine. The nutritive and medicinal values of mushrooms have been recognized all over the world. Mushrooms and primarily basidiomycetes contain a high amount of proteins, essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins and fibers (Chang, 1996). Some of them produce substances having potential medical effects, are called medicinal mushrooms. Researchers suggested that they use for treatment of certain types of cancer, boost the immune system and reduce the risk of coronary heart disease, because some of the edible mushroom species possess pharmacological properties (Kalac, 2009). Mushrooms are low in calories, lack cholesterol and virtually do not contain fat and sodium. Selenium and niacin that play important role in the immune system, thyroid system and the male reproductive system and cancer prevention are sufficiently contained in mushrooms
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(Hobbs, 1995). Mushrooms are considered to be a good source of digestible protein, with protein content greater than most vegetables, but somewhat less than meat and milk. The protein content in mushrooms can vary between 1040% by dry mass. As well, mushrooms contain all essential amino acids: however, hold limited amounts of the sulphur-containing amino acids such as cysteine and methionine (Breene, 1990). In Mongolia many species of basidiomycetes are growing, which are widely used in traditional medicine. In Mongolian tradition a wood-rotting basidiomycetes mainly used as a tea. According on this reason we have chosen wood-rotting fungi. Main biological active compositions of medicinal fungi are proteins and amino acids. But proteins and amino acids composition of Mongolian medicinal fungi have never been investigated up to now. The aim of the present study was to determine the contents of proteins and composition of the free and protein amino acids in five woodrotting fungi, growing in Mongolia.

Removal characteristics of arsenic by Fe-Mn layered double hydroxide and double oxide
E.Otgonjargal1, Kitae Baek2, Ts.Batjargal3, Jung-Seok Yang4
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS 2 Department of Environment Engineering, Chonbuk National University, Republic of Korea 3 Ministry of Environmental and Green Development, Mongolia 4 KIST-Gangneung Institute, Republic of Korea e-mail: otgoo8425@gmail.com ABSTRACT: In this study, Fe-Mn-CO3 layered double hydroxides (Fe-Mn LDHs) and Fe-Mn double oxide (Fe-Mn DOs) were prepared by the co-precipitation methods to remove arsenite and arsenate. The physico-chemical characteristics of adsorbents were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption characteristics of arsenite and arsenate were investigated in points of adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics usaing batch and column experiments. The adsorption of As(III) onto Fe-Mn LDHs and Fe-Mn DOs were occurred five times faster than that of As(V), where pseudo-second order model was well fitted with the experimental data compared to other kinetic models. The adsorption capacity of arsenic from solution by Fe-Mn LDH and Fe-Mn DOs were more fitted to both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms compared to Temkin and Dubinin-Radushkevich adsorption isotherm models. The adsorption of arsenic onto the Fe-Mn LDH and Fe-Mn DOs increased with the decrease in pH because of more positive charge of surface due to protonation.The results indicate that the Fe-Mn LDHs and Fe-Mn DOs are a novel and excellent adsorbents for the removal of arsenic. Keywords: Arsenite, Arsenate, Layered Double oxide, Double oxide, Adsorption
1

INTRODUCTION rsenic (As) pollution in drinking or surface water has become a worldwide environmental issue and is a serious threat to human health. In many countries, numerous people have been made ill by arseniccontaminated groundwater. In 2006, the World Health Organization (WHO) lowered the standard for As in drinking water to 0.01 mg/L [1]. In nature, As exists as the inorganic oxyanionic forms As(V) and As(III): As(III) is more toxic than As(V), and its removal is more difficult [1]. A common choice to remove toxic compounds from aqueous streams is the process of adsorption. As(V) can be easily removed by adsorption technology using adsorbents including iron oxyhydroxide[2], activated alumina, and steel-making slags [3]. However,
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it is difficult to remove As(III) by adsorption processes, and, therefore, As(III) requires oxidation before adsorption. Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are twodimensional nanostructured anionic clays found in naturally occurring minerals. Generally, LDHs contain divalent, trivalent, or tetravalent metal cations and hydroxyl groups in octahedral sheets, and oxyanions or water molecules are imported into the interlayer region between the sheets[4, 5]. Many research groups have reported the potential of LDHs to remove inorganic contaminants such as oxyanions and mono-atomic anions from aqueous solutions by the processes of adsorption and ion exchange. Recently, great interests on Fe-Mn oxide have been increasing for arsenic removal. Chakravarty et al. [6] and Deschamps et al. [7]

Relationship between structure and thermodynamic activity of carbon black

A.M.Amdur1, V.V.Pavlov1, B.Purevsuren2, L.Munkhtuul1
2

Ural State Mining University, Yekaterinburg, Russia -Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

ABSTRACT: The role of carbon black is especially important in cokeless metallurgy. Carbon black can be isolated at less hot zones (less than 720oC) in metallurgical ovens according to equation of Buduara: 2CO = C +CO 2. The particles of carbon black obtained by the reaction of Buduara are characterizing with complicated open-work structure including globular amorphous parts and graphitized crystalline elements connected by crosspieses with size in nanometric range ( from 0,1 m to 3m). The carbon black is characterizing with increased Gibbss energy and high kinetic activity because of its dispersed and amorphous structure. Keywords: carbon, carbon black, reduction reaction, globular amorphous

INTRODUCTION

arbon black is a more active reductor in metallurgical process in comparison with other solid fuels. It can be isolated at less hot zones (less than 720 oC) in metallurgical ovens according to equation of Buduara [1]. 2CO = C +CO2 (1) The role of carbon black is especially important in cokeless metallurgy. The content of carbon in a metalized pellets (briquette) should correspond to the mark of smelting steel. It can be regulated by saturation of spongy iron carbon with carbon black, being a product of methane decomposition in a cooler zone of shaft furnace. The important advantage of carbon black in comparison with other solid fuels consists in the fact that it is isolated or formed from the gas phase and therefore does not contain ash and other admixtures of ordinary fuel. Increased thermodynamic and kinetic activity of carbon black is based on its high dispersion, highly developed reaction surface and also by unstable internal structure of the atomic packing, often having not crystalline but amorphous structure. Lets consider the increase of thermodynamic activity after dispersing. If there is a mole of the substance with a volume V=M/d (M-molecular weight, d-density) pound onto particles with radius
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- r after which a new surface SV will be created, a work A=SV will be done, and the thermodynamic potential (G) will be increased by the same value G o = A = SV. If we accept that the particles have spherical form, then specific surface S is equal to their surface 4r2, divided onto the volume V=( 4r3)/3, S = (4r2) / ( 4r3)/3 =3/r, then Go =A= S V = 3M/dr (2)

The pressure P of steam, thermodynamic activity and constant K of reaction equilibrium, in which participate dispersed substance depends from the potential G0 by exponent. Therefore increasing the potential Go of liquid by the value (2) brings to growth of the pressure P of steam and constant K in exp (3 M/d r RT) once in comparison with the value for weight of substances P0, K0: P / P0= (3 / d r RT); ( 3 ) / 0 = (3 / d r RT). Therefore for example the pressure of water steam increases when the size of water drops decrease. Lets to see a mist consists of nano-drops of water with radius 1 nanometer. The tension of water =73 mJ/m2, molecular weight M = 18 10-3 kg/mole, density d=1000 kg/3. So for such drops with radius

Some phytochemical constituents and bioactivity of water and ethanolic extract of Rumex acetosella L.
D.Punsaldulam1, E.Munkhbat2, D.Otgonsuren2
2

Institute of Botany, MAS, Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS e-mail: puunaa0925_mn@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Total flavonoids, anthocyanins and hydrolysable tannins contents were determined in water and alcoholic extract in different parts of Rumex acetosella L. Antioxidant assays and brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay were followed. Maximum amount of flavonoid (59.670.4 mg/g) determined in leafs ethanolic extract, the hydrolyzable tannins - in roots ethanolic extract (94.781.45 mg/g) and the anthocyanins (0.14%) in flowers ethanolic extract. Maximum correlation occurred between hydrolyzable tannins and reducing power or antioxidant capacity (p = 0.001, R2 = 65.5% and 85.8%, p = 0.001, respectively). In preliminary result of brine shrimp assay, significant deaths of nauplii were observed only in root extracts (LD50160g/ml in ethanol and1000 g/ml in water extract). Keywords: flavonoids, anthocyanins, condensed tannins, brine shrimp assay

INTRODUCTION umex are plants distributed widely in Mongolia. Totally, 13 species are found. Some of these species are used in traditional medicine to treat several unhealthy conditions (1). Rumex plants are reported to contain anthraquinones, flavonoids (2,3), naphthalenes (4), proanthocyanidins (5,6), phloroglucinol (6). R. acetosa L. (2), R.nepalensis L. (4) showed cytotoxic activity. However, there is no enough scientific information about phytochemicals and their bioactivity of R.acetosella L. A medicinal plant book said that this plant had purgative, diuretic, antibacterial and wounds repairing activity (1). Therefore, we aimed at investigating some phenolics of R.acetosella L. and their relationship with antioxidant capacity. Many biological activities such as antioxidant activity are attributed to plant phenolics. Also, possible usage of polyphenolics as remedy for cancer treatment is extensively studied recently. In this study, brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was used to assess possible cytotoxic effect. According to J.B. Harborn (1998), this test was used to
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reveal anticancer compound - taxol, which is used in chemotherapy against cancer (7). EXPERIMENTAL Plant materials were collected in June, 2012 in flowering stage from Batnorov sum, Dornod province. After collection, plants were separated into flower, leaf, stem and root and air dried at room temperature. Extraction was done in three different conditions: 1 hour in distilled water at boiling water bath, 48 hours in distilled water and in 70% ethanol. Phytochemicals and bioactivity assays were conducted in these extracts. Brine shrimp cyst was purchased from local fish store and kept in dark, cool place. All chemicals used were analytical grade. Spectrophotometric determination of total flavonoids. Quantitative determination of flavonoids in water and ethanol extract of different parts of plants were carried out using aluminium chloride spectrophotometric method described by Ruch with slight modifications (8,9). In short, 200l of previously prepared plant extracted were mixed with same amount of AlCl3 in ethanol and final volume was made

Synthesis and their photodynamic activity of new photosensitizers for PDT

B.Bayarmaa1, Young Key Shim2
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology of MAS, Ulaanbaatar Mongolia, 2 PDT Research Institute, School of Nano Systems Engineering, Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea e-mail: bbayarma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT: The main goal of this research is to synthesize new candidates of chlorin based photosensitizers and to evaluate their the antitumor photodynamic effect. In this research we used A549 (human lung carcinoma cell). The cytotoxic activity was measured by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay, and morphological changes induced by PDT were checked by microscopy. The cytotoxic effect of photosensitizers was shown to increase depending upon the concentration of photosensitizers. New chlorin derivative photosensitizers were low toxic to tumor cells in the absence of light, while there was remarkable tumor cell death after photodynamic therapy. Keywords: photodynamic therapy, photosensitizer, tropolone, lung cancer cell

INTRODUCTION hotodynamic therapy (PDT) is relatively new method for the treatment of cancerous and nonmalignant tumors using a combination of visible or near-infrared light and a ligth -activated drug, or photosensitizer [1,2]. The photosensitizer is activated by light to produce a cytotoxic species, which in turn promotes the destruction of the target tissue [3]. In the presence of molecular oxygen, the photosensitizer elicits a photochemical reaction resulting in the production of highly a reactive species, particularly singlet oxygen [4], which is toxic to the cells in which it is produced. The behavior of the photosensitizer is thus paramount to understanding, and improving, the efficacy of the PDT-based treatments. Emphasis in the development of new photosensitizers has been placed primarily on the natural chlorins, which differ markedly from symmetric porphyrins, the former having substantially stabilized S1-energies, strong Q-absorption bands, and unique redox reactivities. Previous reports [5] suggest that the placement of

particular substituents on the chlorin parent ring may have a large influence on the photosensiting properties of the compound when used in PDT treatments. Chlorin-based photosensitizers, with a variety of substituents on the periphery of the parent ring, have been synthesized and exhibit strong absorption in the red visible region. This strong absorption allows for deeper light penetration and therefore higher efficiency for singlet oxygen generation. In addition, the ease with which these compounds can be chemically modified allows tailoring of properties such as aggregation and cellular uptake. Modification of the -position on the porphyrin or chlorin ring increases the degree of cell penetration and affords many advantageous pharmacological properties. Seven-membered cyclic compounds linked to a chlorin skeleton, such as 2-hydroxy-2,4,6-cycloheptatriene-1one, also known as tropolone (TRN), may exhibit several pharmacological advantages. The chemical structure of tropolone has been known since 1945, and contains aromatic features [6]. Lung cancer are a frequent cause of
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Synthesis and catalytic test of bimetallic Pd-Ag nanoparticle prepared by the impregnation method
Sh.Nyamdelger1, G.Burmaa1,Christian Weilach2 and Karin F ttinger2
1

Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2 Institute of Materials Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Austria e-mail:nyamdelger@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: We have synthesized mono and bimetallic catalysts (Pd,Ag, Pd-Ag, Ag-Pd) supported on -Al2O3 by the sequential impregnation method. The bimetallic catalysts were prepared with a fixed Pd loading (4 wt.%) by incipient impregnation of one metal precursor and calcination, followed by the impregnation of the second metal precursor and a second calcinations step. Obtained materials were characterized by TEM, XRD and IRAS and catalytic test measurements. The temperature programmed CO oxidation and IR results showed that the bimetallic catalysts consisted of alloyed nanoparticles and indicated that the surface mainly consists of isolated Pd atoms in a Ag matrix. The catalytic activity of the catalysts for hydrodechlorination of TCE was tested. For the pure Pd/Al2O3 catalyst, the catalytic activity was observed in the hydrodechlorination reaction of TCE. The catalytic performance of the bimetallic samples was poor under these conditions, but may be increased by changing the Pd/Ag ratio or the H2/TCE ratio e.g. during reaction. Keywords: nanoparticles; bimetallic catalysts; impregnation method; hydrodechlorination

INTRODUCTION nvironmental pollution by polychlorinated aromatic (PCA) and aliphatic (PCAl) species is of great concern today. Such compounds are distributed widely throughout the world due to their diverse use. Such compounds can be released into water, soil and air from household or industrial facilities. The options of their disposal related to incineration, pyrolysis, biological treatment and catalytic oxidation are associated with drawbacks of high toxic emissions such as dioxins, low rate of reaction and high energy cost [Beteley, 2011]. The most challenging method for recycling and dechlorination of such compound is conversion to ecologically friendly derivatives. On the other hand, catalytic dechlorination and hydrogenation are methods of choice for detoxication and recycling of halogenorganic

waste [Gentsler,2008]. These are: 1. Hydrogenation leads to complete conversion of original organic compound to its non harmful derivative in mild condition 2. Selective reaction take place during recycling allowing dechlorination of chlorinated organic compounds of different concentration. 3. During hydrogenation no secondary toxic compounds (e.g. chlorine NOx, phosgene and dioxin) will be produced 4. No energy needed during catalytic convertion For the establishment of method for hydrogenation of chloroaromatic compounds, an establishment of catalytic system fulfilling condition for stable catalysator with high activity is of utmost importance. Noble metals are very active for the hydrodechlorination of chlorine organic compounds producing fully

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Spectroscopic study and implications for biological reactive oxygen space sensing of the inorganic DMSO/POCl3 reaction with BODIPY
N.Amgalan1, 2, Taehong Jun2, Kang Mun Lee2, HyuDavid G.Churchill2
1

Department of General and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, NUM, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, 2 Molecular Logic gate Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, Republic of Korea e-mail: n_amgalan@num.edu.mn

ABSTRACT: The reaction of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) species with DMSO and POCl 3 to afford the 2chloro,6-methylsulfido derivatives [1]. Systems underwent reaction to give the 4,4-difluoro-2-chloro-6-methylsulfido-8(C4H3X)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (Compounds 2a-2d). The species were characterized completely by NMR (1H, 13 C) and X-ray diffraction. Keywords: BODIPY; Sulfido; Sulfur oxidation; Fluorescence; DMSO.

INTRODUCTION

asic fluorescent properties of fluorescent probe are heavily dependent on the fluorophore, that is selected as the main skeleton of the fluorescent probe.In our case, the choice of difluoroboradiaza-s-indacenes, commonly denoted boron-dipyrromethene dyes (FBODIPY)reflects the thinking that this class of compounds would act as a very efficient fluorescent label and that the surrounding decoration might act as the recognition sites for many different analytes. Furthermore, the optical properties can be tuned to an incredible large extended by modifying the pyrrole core,the central meso-position and the boron substituents. BODIPY is a fluorescent probe for indexing lipid peroxidation and antioxidant efficacy in model membrane systems and living cells, with excellent characteristics; emission in the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum, with good spectral separation of the monoxidized (595 nm) and oxidized (520 nm) forms [1]. Herein, we report the facile synthesis and properties of a new BODIPY dye bearing a methylthioether group. Compounds 1a, 1b, 1c, and 1d have been previously reported by this research group [2]. Sulfide substitutions can become chemically oxidized species and give rise to discrete valence
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state increases; subsequent fluorescence or colorimetric changes may ensure. The novel 4difluoro-2-chloro-6-methylsulfido-1,3,5,7-8-phenyl4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene was synthesized with DMSO/POCl3.

EXPERIMENTAL
General Considerations. All chemicals used herein were used as received from commercial suppliers (Aldrich, Acros, and Junsei companies). The synthetic details for the preparation of the dipyrromethanes and for the BODIPY systems follow literature methods [2].1H and 13C NMR spectra were acquired using a BrukerAvance 300 or 400 MHz spectrometer. TMS was used as an internal standard. 1H and 13C NMR spectral signals were calibrated internally by the respective protio impurity or carbon resonance of the CDCl 3 (1H NMR: 7.24; 13C NMR: 77.0) or CD2Cl2 solvent (1H: 5.32, 13C: 53.8). C, H, N elemental analyses were measured using a Vario EL III CHNS elemental analyzer. High resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry was performed on a VG AUTOSPEC ULTIMA by the research support staff at KAIST. This instrument possesses a tri sector double focusing magnetic sector analyzer and was operated at a resolution of 80,000. To introduce the desired

Study of biological activity compounds in some Mongolian medicinal plants

S.Bayaraa, J.Batkhuu, A.Bayanmunkh, L.Khurelbaatar
Drug research institute e-mail:sb0330@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: The aim of this study is to investigate biological activity compounds in Mongolian traditional medicinal plants, such as Vaccinium Vitisidaea L., Iris tenufolia Pall., Oxytropis pseudoglandulos and Ribes diacanthum Pall. We were determined total flavonoid, total coumarin, tannin and saponin by method of Mongolian National Pharmacopeia [1] and antibacterial activity by paper-disk method [2]. Content of biological activite compounds in plant raw material were: 1.25-7.40% of total flavonoids, 2.06-4.13% of total coumarins, 2.13-6.30% of tannins and 2.80-4.71% saponins in plants and 43.43-233.58 mg% of total flavonoids and 4.00-752.66 mg% of total coumarins in extracts of plants. Vaccinium Vitisidaea L., Iris tenufolia Pall. and Oxytropis pseudoglandulos have antibacterial activity. But Ribes diacanthum Pall. was not determine antibacterial acitivity. Keywords: Vaccinium Vitisidaea L., Iris tenufolia Pall., Oxytropis pseudoglandulos, Ribes diacanthum Pall, antibacterial acitivity

INTRODUCTION he kidney diseases are increasing year by year in our country. In traditional medicine many plants used for treatment of kidney diseases. The biological activity of all compounds and antibacterial activity of the extract of Vaccinium Vitisidaea L., root of Iris tenufolia Pall., herb of Oxytropis pseudoglandulos and Ribes diacanthum Pall have been done. In literature, those plants are rich in phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and phenoilic acids, which exhibit wide range of biological effects including antioxidant and antibacterial activity.

and saponin were determined by method of Mongolian National Pharmacopeia, MNS 4163:2009, MNS 4166:1993 and MNS 4441:1997[1]. Vaccinium Vitisidaea L. was extracted with water (1:10), Ribes diacanthum was extracted in water (1:5), Iris tenufolia and Oxytropis pseudoglandulos were extracted with ethanol 70%. (1:10). Extract of Iris tenufolilia, Oxytropis pseudoglandulos was concentrated to 1g/ml, 0.5g/ml (respectively). Extracts of Vaccinium Vitisidaea L. and Ribes diacanthum were not concentrated. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Content of biological activity compounds in plants are shown in Table1.
Table1. Content of biological activity compounds in plant raw material

EXPERIMENTAL Medicinal plants were harvested in 2011 from Bogd-Kan Uul and Chingeltei Uul. We studied leaves of Vaccinium Vitisidaea L., roots of Iris tenufolia Pall., herb of Oxytropis pseudoglandulos and herb of Ribes diacanthum Pall. Anticbacterial activity of extracts was evualuated by paper-disk method of Kirby Bauer [2].Total flavonoid, total coumarin, tannin
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Study biological activity of alkaloid protopine

S.Javzan 1, Y.Jamyansan1, R.I.Alexandrova2, D.S.Bae3 , Ch.W.Nho4
Institute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, MAS, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2 Institute of Experimental Pathology and Parasitology, BAS, Sofia, Bulgaria 3 Department of Biology Education, College of Education, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 3 4 Functional food Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Gangneung, Republic of Korea e-mail: S_Javzan@yahoo.com ABSTRACT: Protopine is an isoquinoline alkaloid contained in plants in northeast Asia. In this study, we investigated whether protopine derived from H. erectum L could suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in murine macrophages (Raw-264.7cells). Protopine was found to reduce nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) production by LPS-stimulated Raw-264.7 cells, without a cytotoxic effect. Pretreatment of Raw 264.7cells with protopine reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These inhibitory effects were caused by blocking phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAP kinases) and also blocking activation of a nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kB). Also cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of the protopine on tumour (LSCC-SF-Ms29, LSR-SF-SR) and nontumour (L 929, MDBK) cells were evaluated. The maximal nontoxic concentrations (MNC) as well as concentrations required to reduce cell viability by 50% (CC50) at 24h and 48h were determined using the trypan blue dye exclusion test. Comparable CC 50 (24h) data were obtained for protopine (25M; 92 M) and mytomycin C (24 M30 M) for LSCC-SF (Ms29) and LSR-SF(SR) cells, respectively. In MNC the alkaloid decreased the proliferation of LSCC-SF-Ms29, MDBK and L929 by 58, 42, 19 and 21%, respectively. The alkaloid was much less toxic and cytostatic for cells from L929 and MDBK as compared to cells from tumour lines. The compound inhibited the colony-forming ability of tumour cells in a dose dependent manner. In doses 0.001 M the protopine blcked the colony-forming capacity of normal murine-marrow cells. Keywords: Hypecoum erectum; protopine, cytotoxic, antiproliferative, inflammation activity
1

INTRODUCTION ypecoum erectum L. belongs to the family Hypecoaceae in which belongs only one genus. The genus Hypecoum is represented by three species in Mongolian flora. H. erectum is widely spread in Khentei, Khangai, Mongol Daurian, Middle Khalkha, Mongolian Altai, East Mongolia and East Gobi regions [1]. Russian scientist have been found nine isoquinoline alkaloids from H.erectum [2.3], but only protopine has been isolated the same from species of Mongolian origin [4]. We have been some alkaloids (protopine, allocryptopine, oxyhydrastinine,
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coridamine, hypecorine, hypecorinine, berberine) from H.erectum grown in Mongolia, 5 of which named by us as 8-oxyhunnemanine, 8-oxyallocryptopine, tautomer of hyperectine, 8-oxyprotopine A, 8-oxyprotopine B, were found to be as novel natural compounds. Elucidation of the structures of 8oxyhunnemanine, 8-oxyallocryptopine, 8oxyprotopine C, 8-oxyprotopine D allowed us to conclude about the existence of a new group of naturally occurring 8-oxyprotopine alkaloids [5]. In the traditional medicine of Tibet and Mongolia the plant is named bar ba da and has been used for many years due for as

Study on the washability of Baganuur coal by using float sink test

A.Ariunaa1, G.Tsatsral1, J.Narangerel2, R.Erdenechimeg1, J.Dugarjav1, B.Purevsuren1, S.Jargalmaa1
1

Institiute of Chemistry and Chemical Technology MAS, 2 Mining Research Laboratory, MRAM

ABSTRACT: The wash ability of coal sample from seam number 4 of Baganuur deposit, which is located in NyalgaChoir basin, was studied. The proximate and ultimate analyses of the sample were done by standard methods. The sample was crushed and pulverized in order to obtain 3 fractions with particle sizes of 3-1.5mm, 1.5-1.0mm and 1.00.63mm. Heavy liquids were obtained by dissolving different amounts of ZnCl 2 salt in water. The liquids having <1.3; 1.3-1.4; 1.4-1.5; 1.5-1.6; 1.6-1.7; 1.7-1.8 and >1.8g/cm3 densities were used for float sink test of the fractions. Float sink test was done by using Russian standard GOST 4790-93. Results of the proximate and ultimate analyses showed that the coal has Vdaf=47.0%, Ad=13.3%, Cdaf=70.53%. According to the coal classification, the coal belongs to the B2 class of brown coal. Yields and ash contents of the fraction with 3-1.5mm, 1.5-1.0mm particle size were 51.8 and 7.7%, 46.6% and 7.4% respectively, when for the separation was used heavy liquid with 1.4g/cm 3 density. In general, it can be concluded that the Baganuur coal belongs to the category of coals with very poor washability. Keywords: ash, coal washability, float sink test

INTRODUCTION oal is the most important mineral resource of Mongolia. Total geological resource of coal in the country has been estimated approximately 163 billion tones and the number can be increased in future. Approximately half of this resource is low rank coal or brown coals. Due to high moisture and ash contents, low rank coals have a limited application in the industrial use, especially in gasification and liquefaction plants. Upgrading of low rank coals is an important step for further processing of coal. Purpose of the research was to determine a possibility to reduce ash content of Baganuur coal through dense medium separation.

EXPERIMENTAL Baganuur coal deposit, which belongs to the Nyalga-Choir basin, is located at 110 km to the south east from Ulaanbaatar in the Central economic region of Mongolia. In 1988 Central
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geological expedition (B.Chuluun and L.Monkhtogoo) has estimated total geological resource of the coal as 713 million tonnes [1,2]. Proximate analyses. Mongolian National Standards (MNS) were used for proximate analyses; moisture (MNS 655-72), ash (MNS 652-72), volatile matter (MNS 654-72), calorific value (MNS 669-72), sulphur content (MNS 656-72). Ultimate analyses. Contents of C, H, N, O elements of the sample were determined by using CHN analyser of the Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Russia. Float sink test procedure. In laboratory condition, coal washability is determined by GOST 4790-93 standard. Fractions with particle sizes of 3-1.5mm, 1.5-1.0mm and 1.0-0.63mm were separated by float sink test procedure into sub-fractions with densities having <1.3; 1.31.4; 1.4-1.5; 1.5-1.6; 1.6-1.7; 1.7-1.8 and >1.8g/cm3. Heavy liquids were obtained by dissolving different amounts of ZnCl2 salt in

Study on biological activity of Hyoscyamus niger L. grown in Mongolia

J.Irekhbayar1, G.Davaakhuu1, S.Odontuya2, Burm-Jong Lee3
1

School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, NUM, Mongolia 2 Central Geological Laboratory, Mongolia 3 Department of Biomedical Chemistry, Inje University, Obang-Dong, Gimhae, 621-749, South Korea e-mail: oogii_1881@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: This study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, hepatoprotective effects of the aerial parts of Hyoscyamus niger L. grown in Mongolia. The ethanol crude extract of H.niger L. was suspended in water and consequently fractionated with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butyl alcohol. All of the fractions were examined for their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities by using DPPH and MTT assays, respectively. Hexane fraction showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity at concentration of 50 g/mL by 87.36% with the IC 50 value of 18.16 g/mL. MTT results showed that ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated significant cytotoxicity against A549 cell line, with values of 90.47% at 48 h (50 g /mL). The water fraction notably protected HepG2 cells against the cytotoxicity of t-BHP than EGCG. H.niger L. is an important medicinal plant and reported to be used for the treatment of various ailments. Keywords: Hyoscyamus niger L., antioxidant, cytoxicity

INTRODUCTION he genus Hyoscyamus belongs to the family Solanaceae, which comprises a group of some 50 species all over the world. One of them (Hyoscyamus niger L.) is distributed in Mongolia [1, 2]. It is used extensively as a sedative and pain killer and is specifically used for pain affecting the urinary tract, especially when due to kidney stones. Its sedative and antispasmodic effect makes it a valuable treatment for the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, relieving tremor and rigidity during the early stages of the disease [3]. The plant is used internally in the treatment of asthma, whooping cough, motion sickness, Menieres syndrome, tremor in senility or paralysis and as a pre-operative medication [4]. H.niger L. reduces mucous secretions, as well as saliva and other digestive juices. Externally, it is used as an oil to relieve painful conditions such as neuralgia, dental and rheumatic pains

[3, 4]. This is a very poisonous plant that should be used with great caution, and only under the supervision of a qualified practitioner [4, 5]. The seeds are used in Tibetan medicine, they are said to have a bitter, acrid taste with a neutral and poisonous potency. Anthelmintic, antitumor and febrifuge, they are used in the treatment of stomach/intestinal pain due to worm infestation, toothache, inflammation of the pulmonary region and tumours [4]. To the best of our knowledge, there are no published reports on the biological activities of the extracts of H.niger L. grown in Mongolia. Therefore, the present study was conducted. EXPERIMENTAL Plant material. The aerial parts of H.niger L. were gathered from Selenge aimag, Mongolia in July, 2010. Similarly, soil was taken from the same place. Voucher specimens have been dried separately in room temperature.

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Use of modifed zeolites for chromium removal from tannery wastewater

D.Batgerel1, S.Erkhembayar2, E.Anudari1, G.Ariunzul3
1 2

School of Chemistry and Chemical Enjineering, NUM, School of Civil Enjineering and Architecture, MUST, 3 Energy Resources LLC e-mail:dgerelee-2005@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT: Adsorption of heavy metal ions specifically, Cu (II), Zn (II), As (V) and Cr (VI) from waste water by modified zeolite was evaluated. The modified zeolite was synthesized previously by dehydroxylation of low grade at 450C and reacted hydrothermally with 2-4 M NaOH solution at 100C for 2 h. The adsorption capacity decreased in the order Cu(II) > Zn(II) > As(V)>Cr(VI) ions. Almost complete adsorption was achieved for Cr(VI) was 91% and 52.3% at pH 7.0 and 8.4, respectively. The results also showed that the grain size of the modified zeolite has a little effect on the adsorption capacity. The experimental data was compared with two adsorption isotherms, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The experimental results showed a good agreement with the Langmuir plots .

Keywords: Chromium, Adsorption, Zeolite, Modification, Tannery Wastewater

INTRODUCTION eolites are well known for their ion exchange capacity. The role of zeolites in the conversion of solid and liquid Tannery wastes into environmentally acceptable products has also been demonstrated. Modified zeolites are useful because of their controlled and known physico-chemical properties relative to that for natural zeolites. The focus of the present study was evaluation of the effectiveness of the modified zeolites in their NH4 forms for removal of chromium from water over a wide range of pH. A similar reaction is possible for adsorption of chromium onto zeolites, where terminal aluminol or silanol hydroxyl groups develop at the edges of the zeolite particle. EXPERIMENTAL Adsorbent. Natural zeolite was provided by the deposits of Tragabtsav and Urgun, Mongolia. The zeolite was synthesized previously by

calcining of law grade for 4 h in air at 450C and reacted hydrothermally with 2-4 M NaOH solution at 100C for 2 h. The obtained gel was filtered first, then washed till pH 10, afterwards, the product was dried at 100C for 24 h. The produced zeolite is characterized as average particle size of 1-5 mm. Batch Adsorption Experiments. The pH values of the solutions were adjusted from 1 to 11 with 0.5 M NaOH and 0.5 M HClO4 and measured with a pH meter. The pH value of solution was kept at a specific value during the experiments using a pH controller. The liquid samples were filtered after adsorption for metal ions analysis by FEC. Adsorption Capacity. The adsorbents (0.25 g) were left in contact with 100 mL of each of Cr solutions in the range of 50-5 mg L-1 with the initial pH value of 10 for 30 min. The amount of metal ions adsorption onto the zeolite can be calculated by: Qe=(Ci-Ce)/S where, qe is the metal ions adsorbed onto the zeolite (mg g -1), Ci

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