EXERSICE SUBTOPIC 8.

1 The Generation Of Electrical Energy

hydroelectric

Solar

energy. Wind

Geothermal Tides

Nucleur

chemical(diesel) heat(burning) D. Diesel generator kinetic(gas turns the turbines) electrical energy. 3. Complete the following diagram.

1. Figure 1 shows a pie chart of various of generators that produce electricity in Malaysia. Identify each of the sectors.
Thermal

Gas turbine

Diesel

2. Complete the table below to show the changes of energy in different types of generators. Generator The changes of energy A. Thermal generator Chemical(fuel) heat(burning) kinetic (steam turns the turbines) electrical energy. B. Hydroelectric generator C. Gas turbine generator potential(stored water) kinetic(water turns the turbines) electrical energy.

Renewable Clean

4. The Figure 2 shows a type of electrical energy generator.

chemical(pure gas) heat(burning) kinetic (gas turns the turbines) electrical

Figure 2 (a) Name the type of electrical energy generator in the Figure 2. . (b) What is the source of power used ? . (c) What cause the turbine to spin ?

iii. iv. v. 8. List two disadvantages of generation of electricity using a diesel generator. i.

. (d) What is the energy changes in this type of generator ? . 5. Name the five types of generators. i. ii. iii. iv. v. 6. Give two examples of alternative sources of energy. i. ii. 7. State the sources of energy used in different power station. i. ii.

ii.

EXERSICE SUBTOPIC 8.2 Transformer

1. Figure 2 shows a transformer. Name the labelled parts.

Alternating current supply Primary coil Secondary coil

(a) (b)

State the type of transformer shown in Figure 3. State the type of current needed for this transformer.

step up transformer
Alternating current supply (c) If the input voltage is 240 V, state the output voltage of
this transformer.

720V
2. State the differences between a step up transformer and a step down transformer. Step up transformer Step down transformer (b) Has more turns in the Primary coil. than in the Secondary coil. (c) The input voltage is greater than the output voltage. P : Q : (b) What is the similarity between transformers P and Q ? (a) Name transformer P and Q. 4. Compare and contrast transformers ;

(a) Has more turns in the Secondary coil than in the Primary coil. (c) The output voltage is greater than the input voltage.

3. Figure 3 shows a transformer.

. (c) What are differences between transformers P and Q ?

.
Soft iron core

5. Figure 4 shows a transformer.

(a) i. ii. (b) (a) (b) i. ii. (c) Describe the roles of transformers in the transmission and distribution of electrical energy. i. .. ii. ... Figure 4 Label the different parts of the transformer. Name the two types of transformer. P : Q :

Figure 5 What do P and Q in the above Figure 5 represent ?

What type of transformer is shown in Figure 5 ?

(c) Which bulb will be brighter in the Figure 5 ? . (d) Name two factors that influence the voltage output in the secondary coil of the transformer.

6. The Figure 5 shows a simple transformer. 7. Diagram 6.1 shows a cellular phone battery charger and a transistor radio connected to 240 V power outlets.

50 Figure 6.1 (a) State one inference regarding the voltage of electrical power required by the two appliances. (b) A group of students carry out an experiment to study how different transformers connected to the same power supply can output different voltages of electrical power. Diagram 6.2 shows the set up of apparatus used by the students in their investigation. 50

50

40

50

30

Figure 6.3 Table 8.4 shows the readings of the voltmeter when there are 50 turns in the secondary coil. Figure6.2 They changes the number of turns in the secondary coil without changing the number of turns in primary coil and record the resulting voltmeter readings. Figure 6.3 shows the readings of the voltmeter observed by the group of students. Number of turns in Number of turns in Voltmeter reading Primary coil Secondary coil Number of turns in Primary coil Number of turns in Secondary coil Voltmeter reading Table 6.4 50 50 20 50 40 50 30

(i)

Based on Figure 6.3, record in Table 6.4, the respective readings the voltmeter when there are 40 turns and 30 turns in the secondary coil. (ii) Based on the readings in Table 6.4, draw a line graph of voltmeter reading against number of turns in secondary coil on the provided axes.

(iii) Based on line graph drawn in (ii), (a) State the relationship between the number of turns in the secondary coil and the reading of the voltmeter. (b) Predict the respective readings of the voltmeter when there are 20 turns and 10 turns in the secondary coil. Number of turns in Secondary coil 20 10 (iv) State the manipulated variable in this experiment. Voltmeter reading ( V )

(v) Make a conclusion regarding the relationship between the number of turns in the secondary coil of a transformer and the voltage of the current output by the transformer.