IPPOKRATIS KARAKOTSOGLOU

B323X ASSIGNMENT TASK 4EXAMPLES OF SIGNAL PROCESSING ELEMENTS Discussing two examples of measurements systems one with a signal processing element. A.

The output of the LM335 temperature sensor is an analog voltage which requires further processing by a signal processing element.

Going back to task 2 of the previous week the measurement system is a temperature sensor of an ADSL device that requires digital display of the environmental temperature. This could be done on a display panel in front of the chassis or sent over the net to specified location.

Analog temperature

Signal Conditioning

ADC

Microcontroller 8051

For this purpose we need to take the output of LM335 and feed it to an analog to digital converter (ADC0848) for digital conversion and then feed the output to a 8051 microcontroller.

Figure 1: The ADC 8048 converter

We know that the LM335 produces 10 mV for every degree of temperature change (1 Kelvin). The ADC0848 has 8-bit resolution with a maximum of 256 (2^8 steps) We can therefore condition Vin of the ADC0848 to produce a Vout of 2560 mV (2.56 V) for full-scale output. To do this we need to set Vref=2.56V of the ADC0848. In this case we can digitize the whole temperature range as monitored by LM335. See the table 1 below: Temp Celcius 0 1 2 3 30 150 0 10 20 30 300 1500 Vin(mV) Vout(D7-D0) 0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 0010 0000 0011 00001 1110 1001 0110

Table 1: Temperature conversion to digital format

The output (D7-D0) from the ADC0848 can be fed to a microcontroller 8051 pins (0-7) see below figure 2. The LM336-2.5 is used to overcome any fluctuations in the power supply.

Figure 2: Interfacing LM335 with an ADC0848 and ADC0848 with an 8051

B.

Remote temperature transmitter without signal processing.

Again, referring to the measurement system I used in task 2 one week before, I will replace the LM335 sensor with a remote temperature transmitter that sends the temperature of a thermistor sensor by flashing a led. The number of flashes is proportional to the temperature and is of course slow enough to count them. Temperature will be twice the number of flashes. For this system a thermistor is required to sense the temperature and a 555 timer. The actual temperature is two times the number of flashes in 60 seconds. The thermistor is a two terminal semiconductor device that varies its electric resistance with temperature but not linearly. This system can be used for devices requiring monitoring for extreme temperatures and can be implemented easily within such a system and connected to a led placed on the chassis for visual inspection.

Figure 3. Remote temperature transmitter

References
Selecting and using Thermistors for Temperature Control. Available: http://www.ilxlightwave.com/appnotes/AN%202%20REV01%20Selecting%20and%20Using% 20Thermistors%20for%20Temperature%20Control.pdf

Precision Temperature sensor. Available: http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LM335.html#Overview LM135/LM235/LM335 Precision Temperature sensors. Available: http://www.national.com/ds/LM/LM135.pdf. ADC0844/ 8-Bit Microprocessor Compatible A/D Converter with Multiplexer Option. Available: http://www.national.com/ds/DC/ADC0844.pdf. CMOS Timer: Available: http://www.national.com/mpf/LM/LMC555.html#Overview Sensor interfacing and signal conditioning: Available: http://www.thecrankshaft.info/2009/08/sensor-interfacing-and-signal.html