ANIMAL SCIENCE: Bouvine: cattle Equine: horses Swine (Suidae): pig Poultry: ducks, chickens, guineas Ovis: sheep

Caprae: Goat

Ruminant: more than one stomach chamber, multi stomach chambers, cud chewers,
usually split toed. Cattle, sheep, camels. Kosher Meat: meat from split hoofed animals, not pickled, devained. Has a U on the package. Tresha: bad Kosher meat cut. Shochet: the butcher that slaughters and cuts kosher meat.

Non-ruminant: pigs, ducks, chickens. Those that are not ruminants not having multi
chambered stomachs. Aging meat: leaving an animal to decompose for a week so the outer meat hardens while the inner meat grows tender.

Red Meat: pork, deer, beef, veal, sheep, mutton, lamb, goat. Mechanization: tractors and other farm equipment Domestication: taming/ controlling going on for 10,000 years. Sale barn: (2000) in the U.S, they are commissioned to sell your livestock. Direct buy: plants that buy directly from the farm. Set up so they get livestock after certain amounts of time. Packers & stockyard act-1921 Dark Meat: legs and thighs high calories. Light meat: breast very healthy meat.

1700s: wiped out bison, controlled Indians Chronic Persistent Hunger (CPH): poverty, economic instability, weather
change, famine, flood

Bovine symadintcophins: growth hormone given to increase the amount cattle

consume and increase milk production. ___________________________________________________________

Ruminants:
#1 Cattle
1. 2. 3. 4. India Brazil China U.S

number of cattle, in the world 1.35 billion

332 million 174 million 141 million 97 million

Products yielded from Cattle: Meat, Milk, Hide

#2 Sheep
1. China 2. Australia 3. India 5. US

number of sheep, in the world 1.08 billion

171 million 106 million 62 million 6 million

Products yielded by sheep: Wool, hides, meat, milk

#3 Goats
1. China 2. India U.S

Number of Goats, in the world 808 million

196 million 120 million 3 million

Products Yielded from goats: Milk, meat, mole hair, hide #4 Buffalo, number, in the world 174 million 1. India 98 million Pakistan 26 million China 23 million Products: Draft, milk, food, hide

#5 camel 1. Sudan

number, in the world 19 million 3 million

Products: Pack, transport, food, hide, milk ___________________________________________________________________

Non-ruminant
#1 Chickens
1. China 2. U.S

number, in the world 16.74 billion

4360 billion 1950 billion

Products: Meat, eggs, feathers

#2 Pig
1. China 2. U.S Products: Meat

number, in the world 960 million

438 million 60 million

3. Turkey number, in the world 260 million

1. U.S 88 million France, italy, china Products: meat, eggs, feathers

#4 ducks number, in the world 1.04

1. China 2. U.S 725 million 7 million

Products: Meat, eggs, feathers

#5 horses
1 China 2. Mexico 3. Brazil 4. U.S Products:

number, in the world 55 million

8 million 6 million 6 million 5 million

Meat, sport, transportation

#6 Donkey number, in the world 41 million

1. China 2. Ethiopia Products: draft, transportation

#7 Mules number, in the world

1. China 2. Mexico Products: Draft, transportation ____________________________________________

Vegetarian Argument:
1 acre of land filled with crops can feed many people but only one cow. Yet vegetarians take B12 (meat pills) Meat eaters supposedly have a higher sex drive. ______________________________________________________

Countries involvement in agricultures:

United States: Population, those in Agriculture, 294 million 5.9 million (2%) United Kingdom: Population, those in Agriculture, 59 million 1 million (2%) Japan: Population, 128 million Mexico: Population, 103 million those in Agriculture, 4.1 million (3%) those in Agriculture, 22.4 million (22%)

Tractors 4,760,000 Tractors 500,000 Tractors 2 million Tractors 325,000

China: Population, 1,312 billion

those in Agriculture, 851 million (65%)

Tractors 995,000

____________________________________________________________

United states food expense:

YearPercent you paid 1930- 22.7% 1950- 22% 1970-15% 1990-13% 2005-9.9% cash by government 18 billion 39.7 billion 98.9 billion 476 billion 894 billion

_______________________________________

Meat: 6.5 billion pounds in other animal meat. 110 million pounds in potted reindeer meat Largest source of food in the world: Milk: 99% coming from bovines 385 million acres in U.S that cant be plowed thats 44% of the U.S. 40% has cattle on it. ____________________________________ CPH: There are 158 children suffering from CPH Countries with near constant CPH: Africa their yearly income is 138 dollars. ______________________________

________________________________________

Companion Animals. 59 family dogs 75 million house cats Pet food industry: Brings in 1 billion + a year. 3 million tons produced every year. Event animals like rodeo, barrel racing, herding, shows, races ect these animals go to the vet more often than others. _________________________

U.S Sales:
Agriculture makes 241 million a year State amount made 1. California 2. Texas 3. Iowa 31.8 mil 16.5 mil 14.6 mil

Livestock makes 123,481 million State Amount made 1. Texas 11.1 mil 2. California 8.6 mil 3. Nebraska 7.3 mil _______________________________________

Top selling (U.S) Ag commodities in order:

#1 Cattle, 47,296 million dollars a year State dollar amount made yearly 1. Texas 7.5 mil 2. Nebraska 6.4 mil 3. Kansas 6.0 mil #2 Dairy products, 27,368 million dollars made a year

State 1. California 2. Wyoming 3.New york

Dollar amount made yearly. 5.3 mil 3.6 mil 1.9 mil

#3 chickens (broilers), 20,446 million dollars made a year State Dollar amount made yearly. 1. Georgia 2.8 mil 2. Arkansas 2.7 mil 3. Alabama 2.4 mil #4 Hogs #10 Eggs #14 Turkey #23 Horses ______________________________________ Pounds of beef sold a year: State number of cattle pounds India 332 million cattle not for eating 0 Brazil 174 mil 16.2 billion pounds China 141 mil 13.7 billion pounds U.S 97 mil 26.2 billion pounds, #1 in production sales World wide: 1,352 mil 130 billion pounds Consumption of beef per year: State pounds consumed 1. Argentina 124 pounds 2. Uruguay 120 pounds 3. U.S 95 pounds Total 23 billion pounds

Texas fact: (#1) feed yard state is Texas. In 1999 there were 144 feed yards in Texas. US Dairy facts: 99% of the milk in the U.S comes from cows, 1% comes from goats.

225 million dairy cattle in the world:

1. India-38 million 2. Europe-26million 3. Brazil 5. U.S-9 million

Produce made per year 481 million tons of milk:

Europe U.S India 119 million tons a year 73 million tons a year 31 million tons a year

World Average per year in poundage-4860 per cow. Israel: 22,000 U.S: 19,929 There is very little trade in milk but there is trade in milk products such as cheese, yogurt and powdered milk. _______________________________________________________ History of horses: domesticated 5,000 years ago. Brought from spain to the U.S. Donkey from Africa, domesticated in Egypt before horses. 3% of U.S recreation expense is used in horse industry TX: of the horses in TX are used in? 10% RACING 28% SHOW 23%Recreation 18% rodeo & other cattle: Domesticated in the stone age their were 4 types.

Two were: Bos indicus: humped cattle- Brahman Bos Taurus: cattle like angus, Herefords

Poultry: 21 billion dollar U.S industry

Chickens came from Asia. U.S consumption of chicken has tripled. SHEEP: not very popular in the U.S, originated in Europe came with colonists. Provide hide, meat and wool and are hardier than cattle. Swine: came from china. ______________________ Red meat Production every year 265 million tons of beef and pork= 50 billion tons of meat produced. Top processing plant states for the following: Cattle Pigs lambs Kansas Iowa Colorado Nebraska N. Carolina Iowa Texas Colorado Companies that Age meat: 1. Tyson 2. Cargill 3. conagra 4. Smithfield Byproducts + offal = Head, hide, shanks, internal organs. Dressing percentage= carcass weight/live weight * 100. DP on the following: Hogs 70-72% Cattle 60% Sheep 50%

Fatter animals= higher dressing percentage except when removing skin. Heavily muscled: High dressing percentage

Is it a hide or skin?
Skin is less than 30 lbs Hide is more than 30 lbs
Animal Byproducts 1 billion made a year in animal fecal matter. Soaps Lubricants Candles Cosmetics Paints Waxes Inks Sausage cases

_____________________ Kosher meat: 100 million dollars of Kosher meat sold a year. ____________________________ What is meat? Composition= muscles, lean, fat, bone, connective tissue. Muscle bundle, M. fiber, myofibril, myofilliments. Myosin & actin. 65-75% water, 15-20% protein, 2-12% fat, 1% minerals that being fat solubles and ect World intake from meat:
16% calories 37% protein 45% Fat

_________________________ Byproducts: Egg: byproduct of a chicken, yoke 17% protein, white 5% protein.

Milk: colostrums= antibiotics for calves + casein= protein only found in milk.