Regular Verbs base call clean look talk end wait kiss wash live love beg sin

play stay cry study die tie Notes: 1. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /p, s, k, f/ sounds 2. Pronunciation differences in past/past participle after /t, d/ sounds -s form calls cleans looks talks ends waits kisses washes lives loves begs sins plays stays cries studies dies ties past called cleaned looked talked ended waited kissed washed lived loved begged sinned played stayed cried studied died tied past participle called cleaned looked talked ended waited kissed washed lived loved begged sinned played stayed cried studied died tied -ing form calling cleaning looking talking ending waiting kissing washing living loving begging sinning playing staying crying studying dying tying *6 *6 *1 *1 *2 *2 *3 *3 *4 *4 *5 *5 notes

3. Spelling and pronunciation differences in -s form after /s, sh, ch, z/ sounds 4. Dropping of "silent e" with -ing endings 5. Doubled consonants after "short" vowel sounds 6. Spelling differences when "y" is preceded by a consonant

Irregular Verbs base -s form past past participle -ing form

cut fit hit let put quit set shut split upset

cuts fits hits lets puts quits sets shuts splits upsets

cut fit hit let put quit set shut split upset

cut fit hit let put quit set shut split upset

cutting fitting hitting letting putting quitting setting shutting splitting upsetting

burst cast cost hurt

bursts casts costs hurts

burst cast cost hurt

burst cast cost hurt

bursting casting costing* hurting

spread

spreads

spread

spread

spreading

knit

knits

knit/knitted

knit/knitted

knitting

sit spit

sits spits

sat spat/spit

sat spat/spit

sitting spitting

begin swim

begins swims

began swam

begun swum

beginning swimming

ring sing spring

rings sings springs

rang sang sprang

rung sung sprung

ringing singing springing

cling fling sling sting swing wring

clings flings slings stings swings wrings

clung flung slung stung swung wrung

clung flung slung stung swung wrung

clinging flinging slinging stinging swinging wringing

hang

hangs

hung/hanged**

hung/hanged

hanging

drink shrink stink

drinks shrinks stinks

drank shrank stank

drunk shrunk stunk

sinking shrinking stinking

think

thinks

thought

thought

thinking

bring

brings

brought

brought

bringing

buy seek fight

buys seeks fights

bought sought fought

bought sought fought

Buying Seeking Fighting

catch teach

catches teaches

caught taught

caught taught

Catching Teaching

creep keep sleep sweep weep

creeps keeps sleeps sweeps weeps

crept kept slept swept wept

crept kept slept swept wept

Creeping Keeping Sleeping Sweeping Weeping

bleed breed feed flee lead speed

bleeds breeds feeds flees leads speeds

bled bred fed fled led sped/speeded

bled bred fed fled led sped/speeded

Bleeding Breeding Feeding fleeing leading speeding

meet

meets

met

met

meeting

bend lend

bends lends

bent lent

bent lent

bending lending

send spend

sends spends

sent spent

sent spent

sending spending

deal feel kneel

deals feels kneels

dealt felt knelt

dealt felt knelt

dealing feeling kneeling

dream

dreams

dreamt/dreamed

dreamt/dreamed

dreaming

mean

means

meant

meant

meaning

spill

spills

spilt/spilled

spilt/spilled

spilling

build

builds

built

built

building

burn

burns

burnt/burned

burnt/burned

burning

hold

holds

held

held

holding

sell tell

sells tells

sold told

sold told

selling telling

find grind wind

finds grinds winds

found ground wound

found ground wound

finding grinding winding

break choose freeze speak steal wake weave

breaks chooses freezes speaks steals wakes weaves

broke chose froze spoke stole woke wove

broken chosen frozen spoken stolen woken woven

breaking choosing freezing speaking stealing waking weaving

arise drive ride rise write

arises drives rides rises writes

arose drove rode rose wrote

arisen driven ridden risen written

arising driving riding rising writing