Euclidean

ICT in Science & Mathematics
(PS 2206)
Mathemati
cs Activity using Euclidean Software
TABLES OF CONTENT PAGE
1.0: INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………….2
2.0: WHAT IS EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE? ……………………..2

2.1: Features of Euclidean Reality Software ………………………
……2-3
2.2: The elements of the Euclidean Reality Window ……………
…….3-6
3.0: ACTIVITIY FOR CHILDREN IN PRIMARY SCHOOL USING

EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE …………………………………….
7
3.1: Constructing compound objects using the
Compound Objects Menu and Buttons …………………………
……..7-8
3.11: How to construct the geometrical
figures using the compound Object Menu
and Buttons? ……………………………………………………8-
17
3.12: How to create a comment area
or object’s name? …………………………………………….17-
19
3.13: How to hide objects? …………………………………………
20
4.0: CHILDREN’S WORKS USING THE EUCLIDEAN REALITY

SOFTWARE …………………………………………………21-23
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Mathemati
5.0: CONCLUSION ………………………………………………..24
REFERENCES …………………………………………25
1.0: INTRODUCTION
In any good instruction, teachers must adapt the materials to the

students’ needs. This principle holds for software as well. Students
have varied abilities, interests, and preferences that warrant different
teaching considerations and strategies. Therefore, teachers must
decide how to use any math software according to the children needs.
According to V. Sharp (1996:152), choosing good software is an eight-
step process: 1) know the specific software needs of your population 2) locate the
software, 3) research hardware compatibility, 4) examine the program’s contents, 5) look
at the instructional design, 6) check out how easy the program is to learn, 7) evaluate the
program in terms of consumer value and 8) investigate the technical support and cost.
There are varieties of software available in the market for mathematics
learning. Euclidean Reality Software is one of them.
2.0: WHAT IS EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE?
Euclidean Reality is a dynamic geometry builder. Euclidean is a

software to design geometric figures. With Euclidean Reality, children
can create exact figures regarding their mathematical properties,
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distort them freely, check properties such as angles and lengths, print
figures and export them in several formats, vectorial or bitmap.
Children can perform any kind of configuration in Euclidean geometry.
2.1: Features of Euclidean Reality Software
Features of Euclidean Reality software that makes it suitable for

children in mathematics learning;
• Developed by mathematicians for integrated mathematics

learning.
• Teacher instructions with reproducible activity sheets.
• Teacher can configure menus to focus pupils’ activities.
• Easy to learn and use; it is just like drawing lines with pencil,
protractor, and compass.
• Alter geometric figures on the screen which enable the pupils to
see patterns, make conjectures, and draw their own
conclusions.
• Intuitive construction of points, lines, triangles, square,
rectangles polygons, circles, cubes and other basic geometric
objects.
• The objects which are used in constructions can be hidden to
reduce screen clutter.
• The objects can be differentiating easily by using colour
properties.
2.2: The elements of the Euclidean Reality Window
The elements of the Euclidean Reality windows;

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Close Box
Toolbar
Menu Bar
Selection pointer
Complex object
Toolbar
Geometry toolbar Status bar
Drawing Window
• Drawing Window
This region is where we build and create geometric
constructions.
• Menu bar
The menu bar contains common Macintosh menus for the file
management and editing as well as Euclidian option.
• Selection pointer
The selection pointer is the primary tool for selecting menus and
building constructions. The shape of the pointer changes
according to its current operation and location.
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• Close box
The close box will be use to close the window.
• Scroll bars
Clicking in the scroll bars or on the scroll arrows moves the
contents of the drawing window vertically or horizontally.
• Toolbar
The toolbar contains tools for managing files. There are twelve
toolboxes reside on the toolbar which is illustrated below;
Copy as
image Setting
Open Save Undo
About
Open Copy as
Sample metafile Background
New Print
Redo
• Geometry Toolbar
The toolbar contains tools for building constructions.
There are twenty-one toolboxes reside on the toolbar
which is illustrated below;
Fixed point
Fixed restricted point
Intersect two lines
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Intersect lines and circle

Intersect two circles
Barycenter
Midpoint
Translated point
Homothetic/ Rotation
Project on a circle
Project on a line
Orthogonal projected
Symmetrical
Line
Segment
Orthogonal line
Parallel
Bisector
Two points vector

Vectors sum
Vectors difference
• Complex Objects Toolbar

The toolbar contains tools for building geometrical constructions.
There are twenty toolboxes reside on the toolbar which is
illustrated below:
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Pointer
Comment area
Triangle
Orthogonal triangle
Isosceles triangle
Equilateral triangle
Square
Rectangle
Circle
Parallelogram
Trapezoid
Orthogonal mark
Polygon
Cube
Circle
Tangent circle
Circle – 3 points
Directed angle
Non- directed angle

Length survey
3.0: ACTIVITIY FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN USING

EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE
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As mentioned earlier, there are a lot of activities that can be carried

out using this Euclidean reality software. Such as constructing;
• points
• transformations
• lines
• vectors
• circles
• angles
• compound objects
Constructing compound objects is the best activity that can be
introduce to children in primary school as an introduction to some
geometric figures. By using this software children can also find out
the length, angle and than work out the area and the perimeter of
each geometrical figures.
3.1: Constructing compound objects using the Compound

Objects Menu and Buttons
The Compound objects menu contains the tools related with

constructing geometric figures in Euclidean.
Such as;
• a circle
• a triangle
• an orthogonal triangle
• an isosceles triangle
• an equilateral triangle
• a square
• a rectangle
• a parallelogram
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• a trapezoid ( trapezium)
• an orthogonal mark
• a polygon
• a cube
3.11: How to construct the geometrical figures using the

compound Object Menu and Buttons?
• Constructing a circle:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Circle, or click on
Circle button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
• Drag a region on the sheet by sliding the mouse pointer
while keeping the left button down and then release it.
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• The colour of the circle and points can be changed by

double-clicking them and choose the desired colour then
click ok.
• The size and position of the circle can be altered by left
clicking any of the two points and then slide the mouse.
• Constructing a triangle:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Triangle, or click
on Triangle button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
while keeping the left button down and then release it..
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• The colour of the triangle and points can be changed by
double-clicking them and choose the desired colour then
click ok.
• The size and position of the triangle can be altered by left
clicking any of the points and then slide the mouse.
• Constructing an Orthogonal triangle:

• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Orthogonal
Triangle, or click on Orthogonal Triangle button in Complex
Objects Toolbar.
• The colour of the Orthogonal triangle and points can be
changed by double-clicking them and choose the desired
colour then click ok.
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• The size and position of the Orthogonal triangle can be
altered by left clicking any of the points and then slide the
mouse.
• Constructing an Isosceles triangle:

• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Isosceles
Triangle, or click on Isosceles Triangle button in Complex
Objects Toolbar.
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• The colour of the Isosceles triangle and points can be

changed by double-clicking them and choose the desired
colour then click ok.
• The size and position of the Isosceles triangle can be altered
by left clicking any of the points and then slide the mouse.
• Constructing an Equilateral triangle:

• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Equilateral
Triangle, or click on Equilateral Triangle button in Complex
Objects Toolbar.
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• The colour of the Equilateral triangle and points can be

changed by double-clicking them, choose the desired colour
and then click ok.
• The size and position of the Equilateral triangle can be
altered by left clicking only two of the based points and then
slide the mouse.
• Constructing a rectangle:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Rectangle, or
click on Rectangle button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
• The colour of the rectangle and points can be changed by

double-clicking them, choose the desired colour and then
click ok.
• The size and position of the Rectangle can be altered by left
clicking only three of the points and then slide the mouse.
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• Constructing a parallelogram:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Parallelogram, or

click on Parallelogram button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
• The colour of the parallelogram and points can be changed

by double-clicking them, choose the desired colour and then
click ok.
• The size and position of the Parallelogram can be altered by
left clicking only three of the points and then slide the
mouse.
• Constructing a trapezoid (trapezium):
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• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Trapezoid, or
click on Trapezoid button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
• The colour of the Trapezoid and points can be changed by

click ok.
• The size and position of the Trapezoid can be altered by left
clicking any of the points and then slide the mouse.
• Constructing an Orthogonal mark:
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• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Orthogonal mark,
or click on Orthogonal mark button in Complex Objects
Toolbar.
while keeping the left button down then release it.
• The colour of the Orthogonal mark and points can be

changed by double-clicking them, choose the desired colour
and then click ok.
• The size and position of the Orthogonal mark can be altered
by left clicking any of the points and then slide the mouse.
• Constructing a Polygon:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Polygon, or click
on Polygon button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
• Choose the number of sides you need to construct and click
ok.
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• The colour of the Polygon and points can be changed by

click ok.
• The size and position of the Polygon can be altered by left
clicking only two of the specified points only and then slide
the mouse.
• Constructing a Cube:
• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Cube, or click on
Cube button in Complex Objects Toolbar.
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• The
colour of the Cube and points can be changed by double-
clicking them, choose the desired colour and then click ok.
• The size and position of the Polygon can be altered by left
clicking only three of the specified points only and then slide
the mouse.
Attention: The Complex Objects Toolbar also can be used in construction all the
geometric figures above as a short cut.
3.12: How to create a comment area or object’s name?
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• Go to Edit Menu and choose Create a comment area, or click

the Comment area button in the Complex Objects Toolbar.
• Drop on the drawing sheet by left clicking, a dialog box will
appear.
• Enter the comment and click ok.
• To change the comment, just double click it.

• To change the position of the comment, click once on the area
and then slide the mouse.
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• To change the colour of the comment text, go to Edit Menu

and choose Change colour.
• We can modify the

object’s name by double clicking on to the object.
3.12: How to modify the objects’ properties?
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We can access to one object’s properties by double-clicking on it or
clicking on the Edit menu and choose properties. Then we can modify
some specific properties such as pencil width and style.
3.13: How to hide objects?
Edit/Hide allows you to hide objects but doesn't destroy them: notice
that once hidden, an object can't be accessed any more (unless
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canceling the hide command by typing Ctrl+Z). This function is useful
to erase some construction lines.
4.0: CHILDREN’S WORKS USING THE EUCLIDEAN

REALITY SOFTWARE
Firstly, I introduced this software to two children with different ages. I

explained to them on how to deal with this software and what activities
that they can do using it. Secondly, I gave them a chance to construct
any shapes that they want. And then, I asked them to name/identify
the shapes that they have created, state the properties of those
shapes. After that I asked them to choose any shapes that they want,
find out the length, angle and than work out the perimeter and area.
The instruction;
1) YOU ARE FREE TO CONSTRUCT ANY SHAPES THAT YOU WANT
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2) THAN, NAME AND IDENTIFY THE SHAPES
3) AFTER THAT, STATE THE PROPERTIES OF EACH SHAPES

How many sides does each of these figures have?
How many angles are they in each figure?
How many right angles are there in each figure?
4) FIND OUT THE ANGLE, LENGTH OF ANY SHAPES THAT YOU WANT
5) LASTLY, WORK OUT THE PERIMETER AND THE AREA.
Student 1
Age: 8 years old

Level: Darjah 3
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This child was able to name the geometrical shape that he has created
but in Malay. He stated only a few properties of the shapes by referring
to the objects that he created. He could find out the length of the
shapes.
Student 2
Age: 11
Level : Darjah 5
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This child was able to do what I asked her to do; she really enjoyed doing this activities.
This child was very creative compare to the 1st child. She could identify all the shapes
that she has created and state the properties of each shape. Moreover, she able to find out
the length using this software in order to find the perimeter and area of the geometrical
shapes.
5.0: CONCLUSION
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Overall, with Euclidean Reality, children can create exact figures
regarding their mathematical properties, distort them freely, check
properties such as angles and lengths, print figures and export them in
several formats, vectorial or bitmap. However, the software should not
substitute the standard curriculum but rather should complement it on
a regular basis. And teacher must decide how to use this math
software according to the children needs. By using this program in a
very creative way you can produce memorable and interesting
presentations which actually do enhance the learning experience of the
children. But children require time with the computer to develop their
skills and thought process with it, they need to be able to discuss the
‘computer action’ with peers and a teacher and ‘computer action’
needs to be regular.
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REFERENCES
Leask, M & Meadows, J., (2000). Teaching and Learning ICT in the primary school. New
Fatter Lane, London: Routledge Flamer.
Sharp, V, (1996). Computer Education for Teachers (2nd Edition). USA: Brown and
Benchmark Publishers.
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ICT in Science & Mathematics

1.0: INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………….2

2.0: WHAT IS EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE? ……………………..2

2.2: The elements of the Euclidean Reality Window ……………

3.0: ACTIVITIY FOR CHILDREN IN PRIMARY SCHOOL USING

4.0: CHILDREN’S WORKS USING THE EUCLIDEAN REALITY

5.0: CONCLUSION ………………………………………………..24

In any good instruction, teachers must adapt the materials to the

2.0: WHAT IS EUCLIDEAN REALITY SOFTWARE?

Euclidean Reality is a dynamic geometry builder. Euclidean is a

2.1: Features of Euclidean Reality Software

Features of Euclidean Reality software that makes it suitable for

• Developed by mathematicians for integrated mathematics

2.2: The elements of the Euclidean Reality Window

The elements of the Euclidean Reality windows;

Geometry toolbar Status bar

Open Save Undo

Intersect lines and circle

Two points vector

• Complex Objects Toolbar

Non- directed angle

3.0: ACTIVITIY FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN USING

As mentioned earlier, there are a lot of activities that can be carried

3.1: Constructing compound objects using the Compound

The Compound objects menu contains the tools related with

3.11: How to construct the geometrical figures using the

• The colour of the circle and points can be changed by

• Constructing an Orthogonal triangle:

• Constructing an Isosceles triangle:

• The colour of the Isosceles triangle and points can be

• Constructing an Equilateral triangle:

• The colour of the Equilateral triangle and points can be

• The colour of the rectangle and points can be changed by

• Go to Compound objects Menu and choose Parallelogram, or

• The colour of the parallelogram and points can be changed

• Constructing a trapezoid (trapezium):

• The colour of the Trapezoid and points can be changed by

• Constructing an Orthogonal mark:

• The colour of the Orthogonal mark and points can be

• Drag a region on the sheet by sliding the mouse pointer

• The colour of the Polygon and points can be changed by

3.12: How to create a comment area or object’s name?

• Go to Edit Menu and choose Create a comment area, or click

• Enter the comment and click ok.

• To change the comment, just double click it.

• To change the colour of the comment text, go to Edit Menu

• We can modify the

3.12: How to modify the objects’ properties?

3.13: How to hide objects?

4.0: CHILDREN’S WORKS USING THE EUCLIDEAN

Firstly, I introduced this software to two children with different ages. I

2) THAN, NAME AND IDENTIFY THE SHAPES

3) AFTER THAT, STATE THE PROPERTIES OF EACH SHAPES

5) LASTLY, WORK OUT THE PERIMETER AND THE AREA.

Age: 8 years old

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