Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Hydrology
Rational: To provide an understanding of the circulation of water and its constituents through the hydrologic cycle; hydrologic data collection and analysis. Catalogue Description: Components of hydrologic cycle: rainfall, infiltration and surface runoff; hydrologic transport; statistical methods in hydrology: frequency analysis; hydrologic data collection; forecasting and flood analysis
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I. Introduction 1. Hydrology, hydrological cycle 2. Water balance equations II. Meteorological Factors in Hydrology 1. Temperature, humidity, wind speed 2. Evaporation and evapotranspiration
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III. Physical Hydrology 1. Precipitation processes, measurement and spatial averaging of precipitation 2. Hyetographs 3. Missing and inconsistent data, double mass curve method of adjustment 4. Storm characterization, Intensity Duration Frequency (IDF) curves 5. Snow fall and its measurement 6. Infiltration, percolation and interflow
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IV. Surface Runoff and Hydrograph Analysis 1. Rainfall-runoff correlation and rating curves 2. Peak flow estimation using empirical methods 3. The rational method and its limitations 4. Stream gauging; different methods of streamflow measurement 5. Hydrographs 6. Unit hydrographs and their limitations 7. Changing unit hydrograph duration, S-curve and synthetic unit hydrograph method 8. Derivation of unit hydrographs from storms
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V. Probability and Frequency Analysis 1. Frequency and probability concepts 2. Histograms, risk and reliability, recurrence interval 3. Estimation of extreme events VI. Ground Water 1. Occurrences and distribution of ground water aquifers, aquicludes and artesian wells 2. Water wells and their types 3. Wells and their classification 4. Well hydraulics 5. Pumps for the water well