Benefits of HVDC for System Interconnection

Giacomo Cordioli
1 11-2008

Energy Sector

Dietmar Retzmann

Karl Uecker
Power Transmission Division

E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

G lobal Trends
2 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re

CO2 Reduction Green Energy Megacities Security of Supply

Power Transmission Division

Development of Power Systems

Extensions of Interconnected Systems

Increased Power Exchange among the Interconnected Systems Transmission of large Power Blocks over long Distances (Hydro, Wind * and Solar Energy) Renewable Energy Resources at favorable Locations *
* A big Issue for Grid Developments in all Countries * A big Issue for Grid Developments in all Countries
3 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

High-Voltage Direct Current

HVDC
High-Power DC Transmission Systems

11-2008

E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

Power Transmission Division

Advanced Power Transmission Systems HVDC High-Voltage DC Transmission: It makes P flow

HVDC Classic with 500 kV up to 4,000 MW* HVDC Bulk with 800 kV for 5,000 MW* up to 7,200 MW** HVDC PLUS (Voltage-Sourced Converter VSC) HVDC can be combined with FACTS V-Control included 800 kV for minimal Line Transmission Losses

HVDC-LDT Long-Distance Transmission B2B The Short Link

Back-to-Back Station Submarine Cable Transmission Long-Distance OHL Transmission

AC

AC

AC
DC Cable

AC

AC
DC Line

AC

* LTT = Light-Triggered Thyristor up to 4 kA ** ETT = Electrically-Triggered Thyristor up to 4.5 kA

5 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

Options of HVDC Interconnections

Can be connected to long AC Lines

a) c)

b) c)
a) Back-to-Back Solution b) HVDC Long-Distance Transmission c) Integration of HVDC into the AC System
6 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

Stability Functions of FACTS and HVDC a)

P
G~
Loads Loads

~ ~

Loads

G~

G~

b)
G~

+/- P
Loads

G~

a) FACTS: Voltage / Load-Flow Control (one Direction only) & POD b) HVDC Back-to-Back or Long-Distance Transmission: Voltage / Bidirectional Power-Flow Control, f-Control & POD
7 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

ask 1 ecurity
of Power Supply
8 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

New DC Cable Link Neptune RTS, USA

Safe and reliable Power Supply for Megacities: Firewall for Blackout Prevention
Customer: End User: Neptune RTS Long Island Power Authority (LIPA) Location: Project

New Jersey: Sayreville Long Island: Duffy Avenue

Atlantic Ocean

Development: Supplier: Transmission: Power Rating:

NTP-Date: PAC: Consortium

07/2005 07/2007

Siemens / Prysmian Sea Cable 500 kV 600/660 MW monopolar 23 km Land Cable

9 11-2008 E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

Transmission Dist.: 82 km DC Sea Cable

Neptune HVDC: 660 MW Full Power Delivery in Trial Operation 2 Weeks ahead of Schedule Blackout in New York City June 27, 2007
Neptune HVDC successfully supported Long Islands Power Supply 700,000 Households could be saved

New Jersey: Sayreville

Long Island: Duffy Avenue

385,000 People without Electricity in Manhattan and Bronx: Subway broke down, Traffic Lights out of Operation up to 1 hour Power Outage
10 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

ask 2 ustainability
of Power Supply
11 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

Basslink HVDC: remote Infeed of Green Energy

Hydro Plants for: Base Load and Pump Storage

Benefits of HVDC: Clean Energy CO2 Reduction

flexible

Plus Wind Power

2005
no additional Thermal Plants

Cost Reduction fuzzy

Covering Base and Peak-Load Demands 11-2008 12 E T PS MT/Re

12

11-2008

E T PS SL/Re

Power Transmission Division

Sustainability in Transmission HVDC in India: East-South Interconnector and Ballia-Bhiwadi DC versus AC

2009 *2,500 MW 2,500 MW

800 km

2 x 3-ph AC 400 kV 1 x +/- 500 kV

Example of HVDC Ballia-Bhiwadi:

India

1,450 km

too long for 400 kV AC

Reduction in CO2: 688,000 tons p.a. through 37 % less Transmission Losses at*
13 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re

2,000 MW 2003
Power Transmission Division

Siemens received an Order for the Worlds first 800 kV UHV DC in China Southern Power Grid
Commercial Operation: 2009 Pole 1
1,418 Km

2010 Pole 2

5,000 MW +/- 800 kV DC

Yunnan-Guangdong

Reduction in CO2
14 11-2008

versus local Power Supply with Energy-Mix

E T PS MT/Re Power Transmission Division

32.9 m tons p.a. by using Hydro Energy and HVDC for Transmission

Worlds biggest and longest 800 kV UHV DC Transmission Project State Grid Corporation of China
Siemens received an Order for the Fulong Converter Station HVDC Transformers & Thyristor Valves with new 6-inch Thyristors
Leshan
Sichuan Power Grid

Xiangjiaba-Shanghai
Shanghai
Wuhan
Nanhui

Chongqing

Xiangjiaba Xiluodu left

Xiangjiaba
Xiluodu-Zh

uzhou Xiluodu left Xiluodu right Xiluodu rightXiluodu-Zhe xi

Changsha
970km

Zhexi

Zhuzhou

km 1728

2,071 Km

Commercial Operation: 2011

Guangdong

6,400 MW +/- 800 kV DC

Reduction in CO2
15 11-2008

versus local Power Supply with Energy-Mix

E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

41 m tons p.a. by using Hydro Energy and HVDC for Transmission

More Power out of the Grid

plus CO2 Reduction Prospects of Grid Extension and System Interconnection

16 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

HVDC & FACTS Overview of Functions & Ranking

Impact on System Performance

Principle
Variation of the Line Impedance: Series Compensation

Devices
FSC
(Fixed Series Compensation)

Scheme
Load Flow Stability

Voltage Quality

TPSC
(Thyristor Protected Series Compensation)

Influence: *
no or low small medium strong

TCSC
(Thyristor Controlled Series Compensation)

MSC/R

* Based on Studies
& practical Experience Voltage Control: Shunt Compensation

(Mechanically Switched Capacitor / Reactor)

SVC
(Static Var Compensator)

** = SVC PLUS

STATCOM **
(Static Synchronous Compensator)

Load-Flow Control E T PS SL/Re 17 11-2008 11-2008

HVDC B2B, LDT HVDC PLUS VSC UPFC

(Unified Power Flow Controller)

E T PS MT/Re

Power Transmission Division

HVDC & FACTS Overview of Functions & Ranking

System A

System B

System C

System D

System E

System F

Risk

Barrier

Risk of Spread of Voltage Collapse Limitation of Faults SCP *

Barrier

Control of

** Classic or PLUS
HVDC LDT ** B2B ** GPFC FACTS

Power Flow

Voltage

Power Spread of Swing Voltage Damping Collapse Barrier Barrier

TCSC

SVC** SVC**

SCCL

Risk

* SCP = Short-Circuit Power (System MVA)

18 11-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

China: over 104 GW * of additional HVDC

Transmission Capacity are expected between 2008 and 2019
1. Hami C. China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018 2. Xiangjiaba Shanghai 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2011 3. Xiluodu Hangzhou 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015 4. Xiluodu Guangdong 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2013 5. Jinsha River II East China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2016 6. Jingping Sunan 800 kV, 7200 MW, 2012 7. Jinsha River II East China 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2019 8. Jinsha River II Fujian 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2018 9. Nuozhadu Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2015 10. Jinghong Thailand 3000 MW, 2013 11. Yunnan Guangdong 800 kV, 5000 MW, 2009
10 Bangkok Hainan Xizang Xinjiang Gansu Inrfar Mongolia 1 Ningxia Qinghai Sichuan & Chongqing Beijing Hebei 15 16 Shandong Shanxi 20 18 14 13 Tianjin Liaoning Heilongjiang 12 Jilin

12. Hulunbeir Shenyang 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2009 13. B2B NE North (Gaoling) 500 kV, 1500 MW, 2008 14. Humeng Jinan (Shandong) 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015 15. North Shaanxi Shandong 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2011 16. Ningxia Shandong 660 kV, 2 x 4000 MW, 2010 17. Baoji Deyang 500 kV, 3000 MW, 2010 18. Mongolia Beijing 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2010 19. Xiluodu Hunan 660 kV, 4000 MW, 2011 20. Irkutsk (Russia) Beijing 800 kV, 6400 MW, 2015

Yunnan

Henan Jiangsu 17 Anhuj Shaanxi Shanghai 2 Hubai Zheijang 3 Jiangxi 5 19 Hunan 6 7 Fujian Guizhou 8 4 11 Guangdong Taiwan 9 Guangxi

* Options for further Projects > 7 GW

19 11-2008 10-2008 E T PS SL/Re MT/Re Power Transmission Division

The Vision: DC Energy Highway why not in Europe too ?

Connecting:
Wind Power Hydro Plants Solar Fields

Conclusions

2020 20

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E E T PS SL/Re T PS MT/Re

Power Transmission Division