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MIDTERM
ELE754IEE8410 Power Electronics
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering
Ryerson University
Duration: 3 hours Instructor:
Date: October 28th, 2010 Dr. D. Xu
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Close-book test. The formula sheets are attached on pages 8 and 9.
2. Show details of derivation steps. Marks will be lost if there is no appropriate
units.
3. If doubt exists as to the interpretation of any question, you are urged to submit
with the answer paper a clear statement of any assumptions made.
4. All the ac voltages and currents are rms values unless noted otherwise.
5. Read the question carefully! Part of questions mayor may not be related.
6. Total 10 pages include cover page (this page)
Marks:
Ql. 35%_______
Q2.20%___________
Q3.30%_____________
Q4.15%._______
Student Name:_____5 _ o ~ ~ _ V \ . _ ~ _ , 0_0"",--___________
Student Number: Section Number:
Program: 0 Undergraduate 0 Graduate
Midtenn ELE754 Power Electronics October 28th, 2010
-Questions 1 (300/0)
Consider the buck converter with controller shown in Figure 1. Assume that the dc input voltage
Vd =48 V, switching frequency f..w =100 kHz, output voltage is maintained at Vo = 18 V, and the duty
cycle D is adjusted by the controller to keep the output voltage constant. The converter supplies a 50
at continuous current mode. Answer the following questions, assuming that the inductance is the
minimum inductance in 1.1).
+ id
-_L!
I
+
+
J
I
Vd
Figure 1 Buck converter with controller
1.1) Find the minimum inductance when the converter supplies a 50 in continuous current mode.
5%
10 VDiR.; !):; IMg =o J Is -=
J T I'). - r:o - ) I fiVc/
I.. -{"o - -;;;. L . V -"7 u=- 7)( r-?/) -= Ir. 6xs )1r/
1.2) Find the minimum capacitance ifthe voltage ripple must not exceed 0.5% of output voltage.
5%
f
c
1.3) Calculate the peak current in switch I d,pk
5%
, or
Page 1 of9
Midterm ELE754 Power Electronics October 28th, 2010
- 1.4) If the load resistance is increased to lOn, find the duty cycle when the output voltage is
maintained at 18V.
5%
fIJ I{=-- ,O.n. r0::' ViR -=-- lY,o = ("S,4
3.' AI 11.:: J 0 C1L0 -)
;; A,
1);;. j1'(r..iItJ). f/l#) ::: J 0 2b 5J.
Vet-Vb 4-&' -(1 -,
1.5) Use the template and draw the following waveforms. Indicate on each waveform the significant
values when the load resistance is IOn. --1- -:.- VrJ -v0 _ _ ,.. .., A
10% L. 15- _
a) the voltage waveform across the dc choke vL ' b OIL t
17
) -=- 4. t.f I MS
b) the voltage waveform across the switch v sw' If!0
c) the switch current i
d
,
d) the inductor current i
L

VL r ?oV
t---'1'--1:--r-l--L.1--1-'-.If-I, r",,-I 17l.L..-IL.f-" ' 2+6--7>t (f.lS) [,---11--1..1 -Lr.l-
,.taV -($V
Vs
>t(f.ls)
Page 2 of9
Midterm ELE754 Power Electronics October 28th, 2010
1.6) Calculate the peak-to-peak value of output voltage ripple when the load resistance is Ion.
5%
Questions 2 (20%)
An IGBT-based one quadrant chopper as shown in Figure 2 is used to power a dc motor, where the
motor armature winding resistance R =0.2n and winding inductance L 0.5 mHo The input dc
voltage Vd =200 V, the switching frequency f'CW 2000Hz, the duty cycle of the chopper D 0.3 and
The armature constant of the dc motor Ka <1> =0.98V Irad/sec and the motor runs at 500rpm. Answer the
following questions.
G
D
I
Figure 2 One quadrant chopper with a dc motor load
2.1) Determine the converter operation mode
5%
rD,
L::.
-o:z :=:-.1.. rWl.r
+0 Vl =1)"Is :::;. 0, r yo, 3 =. 0 frfls t (
Tvn
i
h'/ 22 15(0 A
-)
fc, 4. -to I b
Page 3 of9
Midterm ELE754 Power Electronics October 28th, 2010
2.2) Find the armature current ripple, AI 0
5%
2.3) Calculate the average (dc) armature voltage Vo,dc and average (dc) armature current Io,dc'
5%
2.4) Sketch to scale the waveforms of Vo and i
o
' indicating the peak values.
5%
... t
ill
D ~ s
.fJff.t{;)JOA:.......... \T..... .
o ~ s
ms
Page 4 of9
Midterm ELE754 Power Electronics
October 28th, 2010
Questions 3 (20%)
Consider the three-phase full bridge diode rectifier shown in Figure 3. Assume that the line-to-line
voltage is 208V (rms), and the frequency is 60Hz. The load current Id 20 A. All the diodes are ideal.
Answer the following questions.
+p
D'S
D
-N
Figure 3 Three phase diode rectifier
3.1) Using the waveform template below, draw the voltage waveform of v
pn
' v
Nn
' Vd and i
a

10%
o 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
o 90 180 270 360 450 540 630 720
Page 5 of9
ELE754 Power Electronics
October 28th 2010
3.2) Calculate the average value of dc voltage, V
5% d,avg
3.3) Calculate the rms value of fundamental component la!'
5%
J(.I/;.tI,( -:;;o.1-6I,( "'" I-t'J:1
7bll
3.4) Find the AC side overall power factor.
5%
3.5) Calculate the input active power from ac side. (Marks will be lost if you use = Vd,avg xld)
5%
RYl :: J;; V"L- I ttt ceslfr =- n'I' 208 f: (.r rqf; x roY> i? 0 s: 6(ftt: II)
or J2;U
t
L-li\' Pi -I 20t 'I- (6.]2 ;< =- f, blrlC'W
Page 6 of9
Midterm ELE754 Power Electronics October 28th, 2010
Questions 4 (15%)
4.1) For a three-phase diode rectifier with inductive load in Figure 3, explain why the AC side current
has no triplen (such as 9
th
, 15
th
, 21
s
t, etc.) harmonics. Explain the reason from the current paths for
triplen harmonics.
5%
oAi, t"M fft'p(e.{l "jJ.r)/lflftl{ 4, are ,'17 ;JhaJf2.
@ {VOte! rref..frai it. hut Cl>l1l1ecftc;{ to <; W!J
ThW7 5 flO fat:h {or -fYrflen hCtrlJ1
tJ
l'//C --5' no
h(Aim 0 n,c Cltrtllcr
4.2) For a DC motor driven by full-bridge converter, explain the reason why unipolar PWM generate
less torque ripple (less mechanical noise).
5%

(j) TI.e I' bfJ("I PjJtv1 t;pIferak<, hi)t,e r /'tJl(Yloh ic 1/.t1oJjt' ( o.,.f;Ie '"'I,
r U 0 - A
-fo b7fp.,) lor T P S fl'>?lA(fev r/.H'<}" 9'1'
Q Ti..e 4armon{( CfA""'!- M'ff. r f"'''''' (h Sinp.(i't-r -tk
n
hrO(;r OhpJ->
tM. (,,04 /(?c/u{;fiVa /OOtcJ,) t;"'-ch 4.b or _ >mcd(ey (uf/r'/tf r;/r!(L
tv LLcS) (!4reud -? (1?5$ {uJrell1 Ililk -'> Ytt>fce" ('II/e
4.3) What are the main reasons of using transformers in the switch mode DC power supplies, su& as ;
fly-back converters and forward converters.
5%
rfte (Yle( f f1 fMf>
@ Provic/l. ffPW!'1J 'fwi "'1.:1/ or Qh10,() ou-rc!;
G(Jerafe m...lt,pt 17ttT(ft1.5
(j) CitCt"ge ct..rft"f (p'/d -h, rtMuce !Aft;}
Of cflvicfl 7
Page 7 of9
Midterm ELE754/EE8410 Power Electronics October 28, 2010
Page 1 of 7
ELE754 POWER ELECTRONICS
Formula Sheet for Midterm
Buck Converter
Continuous current mode Discontinuous current mode
d o
DV V =
( )
d
LB o
o
V
I I D
D
V
max , 4
1
2
2
+
=
( )
( )
s
o
s
o d
L
T D
L
V
DT
L
V V
I =

= A 1
( )
( )
s
o
s
o d
L
T
L
V
DT
L
V V
I
1
A =

= A
( ) 1
8
s
o s
o
T D
L
V
C
T
V = A
( )
o d
LB o
V
V V
I I
D
o

=
max , 4

) 1 (
2
D D
L
V T
I
d s
LB
= , and
L
V T
I
d s
LB
8
max .
=
Boost Converter
Continuous current mode Discontinuous current mode
D
V
V
d
o

=
1
, ( ) D I I
L o
= 1
( )
( )

max , 27
4
max , 27
4
2
d
OB o
OB o
o
V
I I
I I D
V
+
=
( )
( )
s
d o
s
d
L
T D
L
V V
DT
L
V
I

= = A 1
max ,
1
27
4
OB
o
d
o
I
I
V
V
D
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
( ) ( )
2
1
2
and 1
2
D D
L
V T
I D D
L
V T
I
o s
OB
o s
LB
= = ,
L
V T
I
d s
LB
8
max ,
= ,
L
V T
I
d s
OB
27
2
max ,
=
One quadrant chopper with RL load

1
1
and
1
1
min max

t
t
t
t
s
on
s
on
T
t
d
T
t
d
e
e
R
V
I
e
e
R
V
I
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) | | ( ) t n nD
n
V
t n nD
n
V
DV t v
n
d
n
d
d o
e t
t
e t
t


=

=
+ + =
... 3 , 2 , 1 ... 3 , 2 , 1
sin 2 cos 1 cos 2 sin
One quadrant chopper with RLE load, or two quadrant chopper with RLE load
Continuous current mode
Discontinuous current mode (only for one
quadrant chopper)
d d
s
on
avg o
DV V
T
t
V = =
,

d
s
x s
d
s
on
avg o
DV E
T
t T
V
T
t
V =

+ =
,

R
E V
I
avg o
avg o

=
,
,

R
E V
I
avg o
avg o

=
,
,


1
1
max
R
E
e
e
R
V
I
s
on
T
t
d

t
t

|
|
.
|

\
|

=

t
on
t
d
e
R
E V
I 1
max

Midterm ELE754/EE8410 Power Electronics October 28, 2010
Page 2 of 7
0
1
1
min
>

=
R
E
e
e
R
V
I
s
on
T
t
d
t
t

)
`

|
.
|

\
|

+ =

t t
t
on on
t
d
t
x
e
E
E V
e t I 1 1 ln , 0
min

Forward and flyback converter
d o
V
D
D
N
N
V

=
1
1
2
for flyback converter
d o
DV
N
N
V
1
2
= for forward converter
DC motor drives
a
a
a a a t
E
dt
di
L i R v + + = for armature circuit
dt
di
L i R v
f
f f f f
+ = for field circuit
m a a
K E e u =
a a e
i K T u =
dt
d
J T T T
m
L m e
e
+ = = , where J is the moment of inertia.
Power Factor, THD and distortion factor
Distortion factor
s
s
I
I
DF
1
=
1
2
1
2
THD
s
s s
I
I I
=
Power factor DPF DF
I
I
PF
s
s
= =
1
1
cos
1
2
cos
THD 1
1
PF
+
=
Diode rectifier with inductive load
Single phase diode rectifier with inductive load Three phase diode rectifier with inductive load
s s d
V V V 90 . 0
2 2
= =
t

LL LL avg d
V V V 35 . 1
2 3
,
= =
t

d
T
d
T
s rms s
I dt I
T
dt i
T
I = |
.
|

\
|
= |
.
|

\
|
=
} }
0
2
0
2
,
1 1

d d rms a
I I I 816 . 0
3
2
,
= =
( )
|
.
|

\
|
+ + + = ... 5 sin
5
1
3 sin
3
1
sin
4
t t t I t i
d s
e e e
t
for single phase
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
(

+ + + = ... 13 sin
13
1
11 sin
11
1
7 sin
7
1
5 sin
5
1
sin
3 2
t t t t t I t i
d a
e e e e e
t
for 3-phase
Single phase diode rectifier with capacitive load
s
d
b
V
V
2
arcsin = u
b p
u t u =
( ) ( ) | | ( ) 0 and , cos cos 2
1
= + =
f d b d b s
s
d
i V V
L
i u u u u u
e

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