ailerons

extend from about the midpoint of each wing outward to the tip and move in opposite directions to create aerodynamic forces that cause the airplane to turn

alternating current (AC)

alternators produce this first, and then convert is to direct current (DC)
on light airplanes, electrical energy is supplied by a 14- or 28- volt direct-current system, which usually is powered by this

alternator

anmeter

used to monitor the electrical current in amperes within the system

a stabilator normally uses this kind of tab to provide you with a control "feel" similar to what you experience with an elevator

anti servo

biplanes

airplanes with a double set of wings

mixes the incoming air with fuel and delivers it to the combustion chamber
this system is designed to eleminate ice by routing air across a heat source before it enters the carburetor
occurs due to the effect of fuel vaporization and decreasing air pressure in the venturi which causes a sharp temperature drop in the carburetor

carburetor

carburetor heat

carburetor ice

climb propeller

a propeller with a low blade angle; provides the best performance for takeoff and climb

constant speed propeller

compared to a fixed pitch prop, this one is much more effecient landing gear employing a rear mounted wheel
opening these creates a larger path for air to escape from the engine compartment increasing the cooling airflow

conventional landing gear

cowl flaps

cruise propeller

a propeller with a high blade angle; more adapted to high speed cruise and high altitude flight
airplanes equipped with cowl flaps may have this gauge; provides a direct temp. reading from one of the cylinders

cylinder head temperature gauge

detonation

an uncontrolled, explosive ignition of the fuel/air mixture within the cylinders combustion chamber
this technique is normally used to help steer the airplane during ground opperation; tip of the rudder pedals pushed all the way down

differential braking

direct current (DC)

alternators produce alternating current (AC) first, then convert it into this second

disc brakes

the typical training airplane uses these kind of brakes on the main wheels
in this system, the oil in contained in a seperate tank and circulated through the engine by pumps

dry-sump system

elevator

attached to the back of the horizontal stabilizer

this part of the airplane consits of the vertical stabilizer and the horizontal stabilizer the primary function of this vital airplane part is to provide power to turn the propeller
a reference specially assigned to the individual plane by the faa and can be accessed by the pilot during all flight operations located between the engine compartment and the cockpit, not only protects the occupants, but also serves as a mounting point for the engine

empennage

engine

faa approved flight manuals (AFM)

firewall

fixed gear

this type of gear always remains extended and has the advantage of simplicity and low cost
blade angle is selected on the basis of what is best for the primary function of the airplane, and cannot be changed by the pilot

fixed pitch propeller

flaps

extend outward from the fuselage to the midpoint of each wing. cause drag
in almost all reciprocating airplanes, the continuous energy-creating processis referred to as this

four stroke operating cycle

fuel injection

offers lower fuel consumption, increased HP, lower opeating temps, and longer engine life

fuel pressure gauge

the fuel pump system usually includes this which can be helpful in detecting fuel pump malfunctions; located in the cockpit located on the instrument panel, where they are usually grouped with engine monitoring gauges; measures fuel

fuel quantity gauge

fuel selector valve

allows you to select fuel from various tanks

removes moisture and other sediments that might be in the fuel system
these are usually located in the wings, contain a vent which allows air pressure inside the tank to remain the same as that outside tank

fuel strainer

fuel tanks

fuel-pump system

usually found in low-wing airplanes, where the fuel tanks may be located below the engine houses the cabin and/or cockpit which contains seats for the occupants and controls for the airplane

fuselage

gravity feed system

this system makes fuel flow by gravity from fuel tanks to the engine steadies the airplane, trim tabs are attached to this part
you control the operation of the magnetos from the cockpit with this

horizontal stabilizer

ignition switch

intake port

the outside air enters the induction system through this which is located at the front of the engine compartment

magneto

a self-contained, enginedriven unit that supplies electrical current to the spark plugs located on either side of the fuselage; used first to touch down before the third
controls the entire electrical system, the airplane's ignition system is independent of the electrical system

main wheels

master switch

mixture

controls the fuel/air ratio

monocoque

this design uses the skin to support almost all inmposed loads. this structure can be very strong, but cannot tolerate any dents or deformation of the surface

monoplanes

airplanes with a single set of wings

nosewheel

when the third LG wheel is located on the nose, it is called this provides a direct indication of the oil system operation
normally located near the oil pressure gauge, measures how hot or cold the oil is

oil pressure gauge

oil temperature gauge

oleo strut

normally referred to as an ____ ____ this type of shock uses a piston enclosed in a cyllinder with oil and compressed air to absorb the bumps and jolts encountered during landing/taxi operations

open truss

aircaft employing this structure can be indentified by the clearly visible struts amd wire-braced wings
a reference that contains the same info as the POH/AFM excpet for precise weight and balance data and optional equipment specific to a particular airplane

pilots information manual (PIM)

pilots operating handbook (POH)

most of the pertinent info about a particular make/model of an airplane can be found here

powerplant

in small airplanes, this part includes both the engine AND the propeller

preignition

detonation can often lead to this problem

mounted on the front of the engine, translates the rotating force of the engine into a forward-acting force called thrust

propeller

propeller control

used to change the pitch of the propeller; the blue knob in the cockpit
since the larger output of the turbine engine is not required in most general aviation training airplanes, a form of the more economical, but still very reliable, this engine type is used this type of landing gear is designated to streamline the airplanbe by allowing the landing gear to be stowed inside the structure during cruising flight

reciprocating engine

retractable gear

rudder

attached to the back of the vertical stablizer and can be used to move the nose of the airplane left or right
this system uses a sub structure riveted to the airplane's skin to maintain the shape of the airplane and increase its strength

semi monocoque

stabilator

some empennage designs use a one-piece horizontal stabilizer called this

most modern aircraft use a form of this _________ _______ structure known as monocoque or semimonocoque construction

stressed skin

supercharger

compresses the incoming air using a pump driven by the engine

tailwheel

equipped with conventional landing gear are sometimes reffered to as ____wheel airplanes
controls engine speed by regulating the amount of fuel and air mixture that flows into the cylinders

throttle

tricycle gear

this deisgn gets its name by the two main wheels and a nose wheel
most commonly used on training airplanes; lessens the resistance of the back pressure you feel on the controls most larger passenger carrying airplanes use a form of this kind of engine, which is relatively costly, but extremely powerful

trim tab

turbine engine

turbocharger

more efficient than a supercharger because it pressurizes the air using a mechanism driven by engine exhaust gases, which would otherwise be vented overboard

vapor lock

in a fuel pump equipped airplane, running a tank completely dry may allow air to enter the fuel system and cause this condition

vertical stabilizer

also called the "fin" of the airplane

in this system, all of the oil is carried in a sump which is an integral part of the engine
are contoured to take maximum advantage of this force, may be attached to the top, middle, or lower portion of the fuselage

wet-sump system

wings