Chapter 1 : Introduction to Industrial Management & Engineering

- Industrial management is a subject that involves and deals with people in industry, objects and energy leading on the way to production growth - Industrial management is the branch of engineering that deals with the creation and management of systems that integrate people and materials and energy in productive ways. Management: is the act of getting people together to accomplish desired goals and objectives using available resources efficiently and effectively. Management comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal. Engineering: profession of applying scientific principles to the design, construction, and maintenance of engines, cars, machines, etc. mechanical , civil , electrical ,chemical engineering, or aeronautical engineering . System Engineering: is defined as the art of designing and optimizing systems , starting with an expressed needs and ending up with complete set of specifications for all the system elements System science : ability to develop and use analysis technique for problem resolution System methodology : ability to swiftly from one domain to another, bring many sources of knowledge for problem solving System management: to enable successful interaction of the algorithmic and the behavior that is needed for resolution of large scale issues

Leadership: is defined as the procedure through which a person influences others in a manner which is beneficial for the organisation to achieve its goals. Common activities : Planning Organizing Directing Controlling Motivation: is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to action toward a desired goal and elicits, controls, and sustains certain goal directed behaviors. Industrial engineering approach : In carrying out various activities, the industrial engineer: gathers and analyses facts, prepares the alternative solutions taking in to consideration all the constraints both internal and external, select the best solution for implementation. Industrial engineers find a better way to make a product faster and easier in a safer & less expensive way . they examine and analyze to find better ways for problem solving System engineering phased approach : system engineering is one of many activities present in the project that aims to create system -- - The engineering of the system consists of several phases : 1-Definition: the purpose is to define the objectives of the project. The objectives are defined by close cooperation between user and the engineer. 2-Analysis: the purpose is to identify a system and procedure system specifications that can serve as basis for the system design 3-Design : the design takes the system specifications and breaks it down for smaller and smaller subsystems until the system is decomposed into recognized elements . 4-Implementation: the mean activities are equipment design, purchasing, cost and schedule control, 5-Verification: its purpose is to verify that the requirement of the system specification are satisfied

Chapter 2 : Management Systems QHSE Quality Health Safety & Environment Management System
1- Continuous improvement principles:
Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) : Deming Cycle Cycle that provides a simple but effective approach for problem solving and managing change, ensuring that ideas are appropriately tested before committing to full implementation

The four phases in the Plan-Do-Check-Act Cycle involve: Plan: Identifying and analyzing the problem. Do: Developing and testing a potential solution. Check: Measuring how effective the test solution was, and analyzing whether it could be improved in any way. Act: Implementing the improved solution fully.

2- Quality Management System ( QMS ) : The ISO 19001 Approach ISO 9001 is an international standard issued by the International Standardization Organization ( ISO ) , this standard specifies requirements for a quality management system ( QMS ) QMS : is the overall organizational structure, processes and resources needed to implement quality management and to achieve quality objectives and to provide continual improvement of the products and services that an organization provides

Chapter 3 : Engineering Analysis methods and tools

FMECA Failure Mode, Effects & Criticality Analysis Process used to determine the functions, functional failures, and failure mode of equipment; and the associated effects, severity , and frequency of each failure modes FTA Fault Tree Analysis Purpose: Reliability modeling, Root cause analysis and accident cause-consequence analysis Description :FTA is a top-down analysis technique that describes the relationship between basic events ( failures, human errors ,..), intermediate conditions ( operating modes, environmental conditions ,) and top events (incidents, accidents ) the relationship is modeled in a tree-like structure with logical AND/OR gate . PARETO Analysis A small number of causes is responsible for a large percentage of the effect usually a 20 to 80% ratio. This basic principle translates well into quality problems result from a smaller number of causes. this tool is a graphical picture of the most frequent causes of a particular problem Fishbone A fish bone diagram displays all contributing factors and their relationships to the outcome to identify areas where data should be collected and analyzed

Chapter 4 : Electric Hazards

Inadequate wiring Exposed electrical parts Wires with bad insulation Ungrounded electrical tools & systems Overloaded circuits Damaged power tools & equipment Overhead power lines All hazards are made worse in wet conditions .

Dangers of Electricity :
1- Dangerous currents and voltages : the dangerous limits of voltage and current depend on several parameters such as : contact duration, current intensity, type of current , weight of the body , entry points and frequency . 2- Physiological effects of the electrical current : perception Treshold , Muscle Ttanisation , Breath Inhibition , Heart Fibrillation Electrical Hazards : Dangers of Electrocution : Person can be electrocuted when being in contact with active conductors of different potentials ( P-P ) , ( P-T ) Danger of Fire and Explosion : Fire and Explosion Hazards take place in the case electrical energy ignition due to : 1- Short circuit : accidental contact between conductors of different phase as result : fast increase of current intensity , important overheat provoking fire and explosion . the isolation ( gain) loss can be due to : Mouses & chocks when stressing the cable Humidity , Conducting dust & Animals , # For protection : Use of fuses and circuit breaker 2- Overload : take place when there is a call of high current , an abnormal overheat is produced causing insulation deterioration leading to fire or explosion in the case of flammable or explosive atmosphere . # for protection : the consumed power must be less than the delivered power , Use of thermal relay or contactor 3- Bad contacts : At terminal or connector not well tied , the metal oxidation leads to an increase of the contact resistance which results sparking generation and an overheating . 4- Electrostatic charges : Friction

Preventing Electrical Hazards : ways of protecting workers and preventing electrical hazards are : Insulation , Grounding ,Electrical Protective devices ( GFCI ) and safe work practices .

Protection :
Overcurrent Protection : Fuses and Circuit Breakers Open/Break the circuit automatically when too much current flow through them . this is designed to protect the wiring/Equipment from overheating and possible damage not the user GFCI : Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter used in wet and other high risk areas stops the flow of electricity when there is a difference between current leaving and returning from the outlet should be tested monthly press test button then reset button Grounding : electrical system means intentionally create a low resistance path that connects to the earth this prevent the buildup of voltage that cause an electrical accident