DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES AND STATE POLICIES Principles SEC. 1. The Philippines is a democratic and republican State.

Sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from them. SEC. 2. The Philippines renounces war as an instrument of national policy, adopts the generally accepted principles of international law as part of the law of the land and adheres to the policy of peace, equality, justice, freedom, cooperation, and amity with all nations. SEC. 3. Civilian authority is, at all times, supreme over the military. The Armed Forces of the Philippines is the protector of the people and the State. Its goal is to secure the sovereignty of the State and the integrity of the national territory. SEC. 4. The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people. The Government may call upon the people to defend the State and, in the fulfillment thereof, all citizens may be required, under conditions provided by law, to render personal military or civil service. SEC. 5. The maintenance of peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and the promotion of the general welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of democracy. SEC. 6. The separation of Church and State shall be inviolable. State Policies SEC. 7. The State shall pursue an independent foreign policy. In its relations with other states the paramount consideration shall be national sovereignty, territorial integrity, national interest, and the right to self-determination. SEC. 8. The Philippines, consistent with the national interest, adopts and pursues a policy of freedom from nuclear weapons in its territory. SEC. 9. The State shall promote a just and dynamic social order that will ensure the prosperity and independence of the nation and free the people from poverty through policies that provide adequate social services, promote full employment, a rising standard of living, and an improved quality of life for all. SEC. 10. The State shall promote social justice in all phases of national development. SEC. 11. The State values the dignity of every human person and guarantees full respect for human rights. SEC. 12. The State recognizes the sanctity of family life and shall protect and strengthen the family as a basic autonomous social institution. It shall equally protect the life of the mother and the life of the unborn from conception. The natural and primary right and duty of parents in the rearing of the youth for civic efficiency and the development of moral character shall receive the support of the Government. SEC. 13. The State recognizes the vital role of the youth in nation-building and shall promote and protect their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual, and social well-being. It shall inculcate in the youth patriotism and nationalism, and encourage their involvement in public and civic affairs. Republicanism is the ideology of governing a society or state as a republic, where the head of state is appointed by means other than heredity, often through elections. The exact meaning of republicanism varies depending on the cultural and historical context. The term "republic" may indicate 'rule by many people and by law', as opposed to monarchy, or arbitrary rule by one person. Republicanism existed as an identifiable movement in the Roman Republic, where the founder of the Republic, Lucius Junius Brutus denounced the former Roman Kingdom and had the Roman people declare a solemn oath to [1] never allow amonarchy to return again. Principles of Democracy by the State Departments Bureau of International Information Programs Introduction This page contains 21 pieces in a new series of one-page primers on the fundamentals of democracy produced by the State Departments Bureau of International Information Programs. Each of these short papers is available in English, Arabic, Chinese, Dari, French, Korean, Pashto, Persian, Portuguese, Russian, and Spanish versions. Although the term is ubiquitous in today's world, explaining "democracy" can be challenging. This series provides the reader with an overview paper and then breaks down the specific elements of democratic governance into individual topics. Each

paper in the series reflects both the thinking of mainstream theorists and common practices of the many free societies now flourishing under systems of democratic governance. (1) Overview: What is Democracy? Democracy comes from the Greek word, demos, meaning people. In democracies, it is the people who hold sovereign power over legislator and government. Although nuances apply to the world's various democracies, certain principles and practices distinguish democratic government from other forms of government. Democracy is government in which power and civic responsibility are exercised by all citizens, directly or through their freely elected representatives. Democracy is a set of principles and practices that protect human freedom; it is the institutionalization of freedom. Democracy rests upon the principles of majority rule, coupled with individual and minority rights. All democracies, while respecting the will of the majority, zealously protect the fundamental rights of individuals and minority groups. Democracies guard against all-powerful central governments and decentralize government to regional and local levels, understanding that local government must be as accessible and responsive to the people as possible. Democracies understand that one of their prime functions is to protect such basic human rights as freedom of speech and religion; the right to equal protection under law; and the opportunity to organize and participate fully in the political, economic, and cultural life of society. Democracies conduct regular free and fair elections open to all citizens. Elections in a democracy cannot be facades that dictators or a single party hide behind, but authentic competitions for the support of the people. Democracy subjects governments to the rule of law and ensures that all citizens receive equal protection under the law and that their rights are protected by the legal system. Democracies are diverse, reflecting each nation's unique political, social, and cultural life. Democracies rest upon fundamental principles, not uniform practices. Citizens in a democracy not only have rights, they have the responsibility to participate in the political system that, in turn, protects their rights and freedoms. Democratic societies are committed to the values of tolerance, cooperation, and compromise. Democracies recognize that reaching consensus requires compromise and that it may not always be attainable. In the words of Mahatma Gandhi, intolerance is itself a form of violence and an obstacle to the growth of a true democratic spirit. GENERAL TREATY FOR THE RENUNCIATION OF WAR (KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT) Paris, 27 August 1928 Parties: United States of America, Australia, Dominion of Canada, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Great Britain, India, Irish Free State, Italy, New Zealand, Union of South Africa, Poland, Belgium, France, and Japan. Article I The High Contracting Parties solemnly declare in the names of their respective peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controversies, and renounce it, as an instrument of national policy in their relations with one another. Article II The High Contracting Parties agree that the settlement or solution of all disputes or conflicts of whatever nature or of whatever origin they may be, which may arise among them, shall never be sought except by pacific means. renunciation /rinnsSHn/ Noun

The formal rejection of something, typically a belief, claim, or course of action. A document expressing renunciation. Synonyms abnegation - renouncement - waiver - repudiation The Constitution establishes the Philippines as a "democratic and republican State", where "sovereignty resides in the people and all government authority emanates from the Renunciation of war; Although International Law makes some distinction between a just and an unjust war, state practice until the conclusion of World War I had generally disregarded that distinction and maintained war as a legitimate means of resolving disputes or increasing the power of the state. Recognized methods for resolving disputes peacefully did exist, however; under the Covenant of the League of Nations, for example, member states promised to utilize such methods before resorting to war. Formal rejection of war as a means of national policy for settling controversies came in 1928 with the conclusion of the Kellogg-Briand Pact. Titled the General Treaty for the Renunciation of War, the Kellogg-Briand Pact obligated signatories to abandon force in favor of negotiation, Arbitration, mediation, or other methods of settling disputes peacefully. Although the signatories renounced war with each other, the Kellogg-Briand Pact still permitted war for Self-Defense, for collective enforcement of international obligations, between signatories and nonparty states, and against a signatory that had derogated its obligations under the treaty by going to war.
5 Principles of Republicanism: 1. Low Taxes Today, taxes are simply too high. Individuals and businesses pay too much of what they earn to the government. Our high tax rates continue to inhibit economic growth and are indicative of government that operates too often and too expensively outside of its role and responsibility. Charlotte and Mecklenburg County have the highest taxes in the 9 southern states. This is completely unacceptable. 2. Limited Government Simply put, government is too big and too intrusive in our lives. As Republicans, we believe that the role and responsibilities of government are limited. A perfect example of this is the fact that while the population of Charlotte increased 60% from 1995 2009, the City Budget increased by a whopping 150%. This is completely unacceptable and we intend to get this fixed. 3. Promote Free Enterprise We hold that the private sector is the ONLY segment of our society that creates real jobs and real wealth for Americans. The private sector, operating under free enterprise principles is the ONLY way that our country creates the opportunity that give Americans a pathway to prosperity. Anything that inhibits free enterprise is unacceptable. 4. Individual Liberty and Personal Freedom Since the American Revolution, generations of Americans have paid the ultimate sacrifice to promote, preserve, protect and defend the things that we hold as most sacred freedom and liberty. 5. Constitutional Ideals and Values The Constitution lays out for us in amazing detail the ideals and values upon which this country, the greatest country in the history of humankind, was built. We are against any and every thing that is not in accordance with the United States Constitution.
Supremacy of Civilian Authority Over Military Authority (Sec. 3, Art. II) This is inherent in a republican state like the Philippines and it was impliedly provided in our past constitutions. Because of our experience in martial law rule, however, the framers of our 1987 Constitution deemed it proper to make a clear expression of this policy.

What is supremacy of civilian authority over the military? Relevant answers: What are the manifestation of supremacy of civilian over military? and his staff went on record expressing no confidence in the civilian leadership of the military, including What are manifestion of civilian supremacy over military? . -The president of the Republic of the Philippine declared as a civilian therefore occupies the highest position What authority does the president have over the military? Everything, and Everybody. It his war and his military. Why is civilian authority at all times supreme over the military? \n Because civilian authority, in a democracy, comes from the people voting.\n While military Who gives the president authority over the military? The countries Minister of defence Relevant answers:

What is the meaning of civilian supremacy? Refers to the supremacy of elected civilian public officials over the military. The elected What are the manifestation of supremacy of civilian over military? and his staff went on record expressing no confidence in the civilian leadership of the military, including How is civilian authority manifestated? How? I try to explain. I think it is manifestated with useless wrong things like the TV, News, Advertisments, Induced Rules who people belief and Goverments aka Countrys and Idiots. Who can help? Z Which is supreme between civilian authority and military authority during times of martial law? It is written in Art II Sec 3 that Civilian authority is at all times supreme over the military What is a civilian? A civilian is a person who does not (or who has ceased to) take active part in hostilities