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PHYTAGORAS, a Greek Philosopher, was the first to use the term Philosophy. He noted that there are three types of man: a. lover of pleasure b. lover of success c. lover of wisdom the last, according to him, is the
SUPERIOR TYPE.
DEFINITION OF PHILOSOPHY
Philosophy comes from two Greek words: philia means love sophia means wisdom Hence, Philosophy literally means
Philosophy
is the science of
love of wisdom
PHILOSOPHY consist all kinds of thinking including social sciences, natural sciences, math & religious thinking
Plato subscribe to Oligarchy (Philosopher King)
Thomas Hobbes insist on Absolute Monarchy (To control man & for man to survive) Plato Pythagoras Father of Medicine Pythagorean Theorem
METAPHYSICS
EPISTEMOLOGY
EPISTEMOLOGY ETHICS
THEODICY
LOGIC
COSMOLOGY THEODICY
is the science of the universe i.e. the space and time is a philosophical study of God
COMPONENTS OF PHILOSOPHY
LOGIC ?
- expansion &
application of K
From Greek word LOGOS (logos )which means study, reason or discourse
Thinking
Directed towards attainment of truth
Hegel
Is Logic a science or an art? It is science in so far as it not merely formulates rules for right thinking but deduces those rules from general principles based on nature of mind & truth
Logic as a SCIENCE
It is s science because it is
correct thinking
Logic as an ART
It is an Art because it guides mans reason so he can proceed with order and ease and without error in the constructive activity of making decisions, propositions, syllogism and so on. Logic is ARS ARTIUM, the art of arts because it develops & perfects the intellect
Logic as an ART Art in so far as it is directly & immediately related to performance; to the acts of the mind
Logic is an art because it trains the mind to become skillful by following the principles & guidelines.
Material Object
Refers to the content of the mind which is called the thought
Formal Object
Refers to the correctness of the
thought
Transcendental Logic
Inquiry into human knowledge for the purpose of determining what elements or factors in human thought are a priori
Symbolic Logic
An application of mathematical methods to the processes of thought; uses conventional symbols to represent terms, propositions & relations among them
Applied Logic
Logic applied to the study of the natural sciences
Natural Logic
The native power of the mind by which most persons are competent to judge correctly & reason validly about the affairs & interest of everyday life
Aristotle the founder of logic Compiles his logical works -TREATISESORGANON (Instrument)
Treatise includes Categories On Interpretation Prior Analytics Posterior Analytics Topics On Sophistical Refutation /Sophism
ORGANON
Examined & analyzed the thinking processes for the purpose of formulating laws of thought
Rehabilitation
Treatment designed to facilitate the process of recovery from injury to as normal condition as possible
Essence of Rehabilitation
Limitations of Logic
Limitations of Logic Sole object of Logic concepts, propositions, arguments, terms of syllogisms & so on