EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 20 9 THE FAMILY CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES July 6, 19 ! I, CORAZON C.

AQUINO, Preside n t of the Philippine s , by virtue of the power s vest e d in me by the Constitution, do her e b y order nd pro mul! t e the " mily Code of the Philippine s , s follows# TITLE I MARRIA"E Ch pt e r $. Re%uisit e s of & rri !e Arti'le $. & rri !e is spe'i l 'ontr ' t of per m n e n t union betw e e n m n nd wom n ent e r e d into in ''or d n ' e with l w for the est blish m e n t of 'on(u! l nd f mily life. It is the found tion of the f mily nd n inviol ble so'i l institution whos e n tur e , 'ons e % u e n ' e s , nd in'ide nt s re !over n e d by l w nd not sub(e't to stipul tion, e)'e pt th t m rri ! e settle m e n t s m y fi) the prope r t y rel tions durin! the m rri ! e within the limits provide d by this Code. *+, Art. ,. No m rri ! e sh ll be v lid, unles s the s e ess e n ti l re%uisite s re pre s e n t # *$- .e! l ' p 'it y of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s who mus t be m l e nd fem l e/ nd *,- Cons e n t freely !iven in the pre s e n ' e of the sole mni0in! offi'er. *+1 Art. 1. 2he form l re%uisit e s of m rri ! e *$- Authority of the sole mni0in! offi'er/ *,- A v lid m rri ! e li'ens e e)'e pt in the ' s e s provide d for in Ch pt e r , of this 2itle/ nd *1- A m rri ! e 'ere m o n y whi'h t 3e s pl ' e with the pp e r n ' e of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s befor e the sole mni0in! offi'er nd their perso n l de'l r tion th t they t 3e e ' h other s husb n d nd wife in the pres e n ' e of not less th n two witne s s e s of le! l !e. *+1 , ++ Art. 4. 2he bs e n ' e of ny of the ess e n ti l or form l re%uisit e s sh ll rend e r the m rri ! e void b initio, e)'e pt s st t e d in Arti'le 1+ re#

*,-. A defe't in ny of the ess e n ti l re%uisit e s sh ll rend e r the m rri ! e void ble s provide d in Arti'le 4+. An irre!ul rity in the form l re%uisit e s sh ll not ffe't the v lidity of the m rri ! e but the p rt y or p rtie s respon si ble for the irre!ul rity sh ll be 'ivilly, 'rimin lly nd d ministr tiv ely li ble. *nArt. +. Any m le ei!ht e e n ye r s or the impe di m e n t s nd 16, m y 'ontr or fem l e of the !e of upw r d s not und er ny of me n tion e d in Arti'les 15 ' t m rri ! e . *+4 -

Art. 7. No pres 'ribe d form or reli!ious rite for the sole mni0 tion of the m rri ! e is re%uire d. It sh ll be ne' e s s r y, howe v e r, for the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s to pp e r pers on lly before the sole mni0in! offi'er nd de'l r e in the pres e n ' e of not less th n two witne s s e s of le! l !e th t the y t 3e e ' h other s hus b n d nd wife. 2his de'l r tion sh ll be 'ont in e d in the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e whi'h sh ll be si!ne d by the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s nd their witne s s e s nd tt e s t e d by the sole mni0in! offi'er. In ' s e of m rri ! e in rti'ulo mortis, when the p rty t the point of de t h is un ble to si!n the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e , it sh ll be suffi'ient for one of the witne s s e s to the m rri ! e to write the n m e of s id p rt y, whi'h f 't sh ll be tt e s t e d by the sole mni0in! offi'er. *++ Art. 5. & rri ! e m y be sole mni0 e d by# *$- Any in'u mb e n t me m b e r of the (udi'i ry within the 'ourt8 s (urisdi'tion/ *,- Any priest, r bbi, im m, or minist er of ny 'hur' h or reli!ious se't duly ut hori0e d by his 'hur' h or reli!ious se't nd re!ist e r e d with the 'ivil re!istr r !en e r l, 'tin! within the limits of the writte n ut hority !r nt e d by his 'hur' h or reli!ious se't nd provide d th t t le st one of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s belon!s to the sole mni0in! offi'er8s 'hur'h or reli!ious se't/ *1- Any ship ' pt i n or irpl n e 'hief only in the ' s e me n tion e d in Arti'le 1$/

*4Any milit ry 'om m n d e r of unit to whi'h 'h pl in is ssi!n e d , in the bs e n ' e of the l tter, durin! milit ry oper tion, li3ewise only in the ' s e s me n tion e d in Arti'le 1,/ *+- Any 'ons ul9 !en e r l, 'ons ul or vi'e9 'ons ul in the ' s e provide d in Arti'le $:. *+7 Arti'le. 6. 2he m rri ! e sh ll be sole mni0 e d publi'ly in the 'h mb e r s of the (ud!e or in ope n 'ourt, in the 'hur' h, 'h p el or te mpl e, or in the offi'e the 'ons ul9 !en e r l, 'ons ul or vi'e9 'ons ul, s the ' s e m y be, nd not else wh e r e , e)'e pt in ' s e s of m rri ! e s 'ontr ' t e d on the point of de t h or in re mot e pl 'e s in ''ord n ' e with Arti'le ,; of this Code, or wher e both of the p rtie s re%u e s t the sole mni0in! offi'er in writin! in whi'h ' s e the m rri ! e m y be sole mni0 e d t hous e or pl 'e desi!n t e d by the m in sworn st t e m e n t to th t effe't. *+5 Art. ;. A m rri ! e li'ens e sh ll be issue d by the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the 'ity or muni'ip lity wher e either 'ontr ' tin! p rt y h bitu lly reside s , e)' e p t in m rri ! e s wher e no li'ens e is re%uir e d in ''or d n ' e with Ch pt e r , of this 2itle. *+6 Art. $:. & rri !e s betw e e n "ilipino 'iti0ens bro d m y be sole mni0 e d by 'ons ul9 !en e r l, 'ons ul or vi'e9 'ons ul of the Republi' of the Philippine s. 2he issu n' e of the m rri ! e li'ens e nd the duties of the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r nd of the sole mni0in! offi'er with re! r d to the 'elebr tion of m rri ! e sh ll be perfor m e d by s id 'ons ul r offi'i l. *5+ Art. $$. <here m rri ! e li'ens e is re%uir e d, e 'h of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s sh ll file sep r t e l y sworn ppli' tion for su'h li'ens e with the prop er lo' l 'ivil re!istr r whi'h sh ll spe'ify the followin!# *$- "ull n m e of the 'ontr ' tin! p rty/ *,- Pl 'e of birth/ *1- A!e nd d t e of birth/

*+- If previously m rrie d, how, whe n nd wher e the previous m rri ! e w s dissolve d or nnulle d/ *7- Pres e n t reside n' e nd 'iti0ens hi p/

*5- =e!re e of rel tions hip of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s/ *6- "ull n m e , reside n ' e the f ther/ *;- "ull n m e , reside n ' e the mot h e r / nd nd 'iti0ens hip of nd 'iti0ens hip of

*$:- "ull n me , reside n' e nd 'iti0ens hi p of the !u r di n or pers on h vin! 'h r ! e , in ' s e the 'ontr ' tin ! p rty h s neith e r f the r nor mot h e r nd is unde r the !e of twent y9 one ye r s. 2he ppli' nt s , their p r e n t s or !u r di n s sh ll not be re%uire d to e)hibit their reside n ' e 'ertifi' t e s in ny form lity in 'onn e ' tion with the se'urin! of the m rri ! e li'ens e . *+; Art. $,. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, upon re' eivin! su'h ppli' tion, sh ll re%uire the pres e n t ti o n of the ori!in l birth 'ertifi' t e s or, in def ult ther e of, the b ptis m l 'ertifi' t e s of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s or 'opies of su'h do'u m e n t s duly tt e s t e d by the perso n s h vin! 'ustod y of the ori!in ls. 2hes e 'ertifi' t e s or 'ertified 'opies of the do'u m e n t s by this Arti'le ne e d not be sworn to nd sh ll be e)e mp t from the do'u m e n t r y st mp t ). 2he si!n t ur e nd offi'i l title of the perso n issuin! the 'ertifi' t e sh ll be suffi'ient proof of its ut h e n ti'ity. If either of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s is un bl e to produ' e his birth or b ptis m l 'ertifi' t e or 'ertified 'opy of eithe r be' u s e of the destr u' tion or loss of the ori!in l or if it is shown by n ffid vit of su'h p rt y or of ny other perso n th t su'h birth or b ptis m l 'ertifi' t e h s not yet be e n re' eive d thou!h the s m e h s be e n re%uire d of the perso n h vin! 'ustod y ther e of t le st fiftee n d ys prior to the d t e of the ppli' tion, su'h p rt y m y furnish in lieu ther e of his 'urre n t reside n ' e 'ertifi' t e or n instru m e n t dr wn up nd sworn to before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on' er n e d or ny publi' offi'i l

*4- Civil st t u s /

ut hori0e d to d mi nis t e r o ths. >u'h instru m e n t sh ll 'ont in the sworn de'l r tion of two witne s s e s of l wful !e, settin! forth the full n me , reside n' e nd 'iti0ens hi p of su'h 'ontr ' tin! p rt y nd of his or her p re n t s , if 3nown, nd the pl 'e nd d t e of birth of su'h p rt y. 2he ne r e s t of 3in of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s sh ll be preferr e d s witne s s e s , or, in their def ult, pers on s of !ood reput tion in the provin' e or the lo' lity. 2he pres e n t ti o n of birth or b ptis m l 'ertifi' t e sh ll not be re%uire d if the p r e n t s of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s pp e r pers on lly before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on' er n e d nd swe r to the 'orre't n e s s of the l wful !e of s id p rtie s, s st t e d in the ppli' tion, or whe n the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll, by mer el y loo3in! t the ppli' n t s upon their pers on lly pp e ri n! before him, be 'onvin' e d th t either or both of the m h ve the re%uire d !e. *7: Art. $1. In ' s e either of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s h s be e n previously m rrie d, the ppli' n t sh ll be re%uire d to furnish, inste d of the birth or b ptis m l 'ertifi' t e re%uire d in the l st pre' e di n! rti'le, the de t h 'ertifi' t e of the de' e s e d spous e or the (udi'i l de'r e e of the bs olut e divor'e, or the (udi'i l de'r e e of nnul m e n t or de'l r tion of nullity of his or her previous m rri ! e . In ' s e the de t h 'ertifi' t e ' nnot be se'ur e d, the p rt y sh ll m 3 e n ffid vit settin! forth this 'ir'u ms t n ' e nd his or her 'tu l 'ivil st t u s nd the n m e nd d t e of de t h of the de' e s e d spous e . *7$ Art. $4. In ' s e either or both of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s, not h vin! be e n e m n 'i p t e d by previous m rri ! e , re betw e e n the !e s of ei!ht e e n nd twent y9 one, they sh ll, in ddition to the re%uire m e n t s of the pre' e di n! rti'les, e)hibit to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, the 'ons e n t to their m rri ! e of their f ther, mot h e r , survivin! p re n t or !u r di n, or pers on s h vin! le! l 'h r! e of the m, in the order me n tion e d . >u'h 'ons e n t sh ll be m nife s t e d in writin! by the inter e s t e d p rty, who pers on lly pp e r s before the prope r lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, or in the form of n ffid vit m d e in the pres e n ' e of two witne s s e s nd

tt e s t e d befor e ny offi'i l ut hori0e d by l w to d minist e r o ths . 2he perso n l m nife s t tion sh ll be re'ord e d in both ppli' tions for m rri ! e li'ens e , nd the ffid vit, if one is e)e' u t e d inste d, sh ll be tt ' h e d to s id ppli' tion s. *7$ Art. $+. Any 'ontr ' tin ! p rty betw e e n the !e of twent y9 one nd twe nt y9 five sh ll be obli!e d to s3 their p re n t s or !u r di n for dvi'e upon the inte nd e d m rri ! e . If the y do not obt in su'h dvi'e, or if it be unf vor bl e , the m rri ! e li'ens e sh ll not be issue d till fter thre e mont h s followin! the 'ompl e tion of the publi' tion of the ppli' tion ther efor. A sworn st t e m e n t by the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s to the effe't th t su'h dvi'e h s bee n sou!h t, to!e t h e r with the writte n dvi'e !iven, if ny, sh ll be tt ' h e d to the ppli' tion for m rri ! e li'ens e . >hould the p r e n t s or !u r di n refus e to !ive ny dvi'e, this f 't sh ll be st t e d in the sworn st t e m e n t . *7, Art. $7. In the ' s e s wher e p r e n t l 'ons e n t or p r e n t l dvi'e is nee d e d , the p rt y or p rtie s 'on' e r n e d sh ll, in ddition to the re%uire m e n t s of the pre' e di n! rti'les, tt ' h 'ertifi' t e issue d by priest, im m or minist e r ut hori0e d to sole mni0 e m rri ! e und er Arti'le 5 of this Code or m rri ! e 'ouns elor duly ''r e dit e d by the prope r !over n m e n t !e n' y to the effe't th t the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s h ve unde r ! o n e m rri ! e 'ouns elin!. " ilure to tt ' h s id 'ertifi' t e s of m rri ! e 'ouns elin! sh ll sus p e n d the issu n ' e of the m rri ! e li'ens e for period of thre e mont h s from the 'ompl e tion of the publi' tion of the ppli' tion. Issu n' e of the m rri ! e li'ens e within the prohibit e d period sh ll sub(e't the issuin! offi'er to d ministr tiv e s n' tion s but sh ll not ffe't the v lidity of the m rri ! e . >hould only one of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s ne e d p r e n t l 'ons e n t or p re n t l dvi'e, the other p rt y mus t be pres e n t t the 'ouns elin! referr e d to in the pre' e din ! p r !r p h . *nArt. $5. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll prep r e noti'e whi'h sh ll 'ont in the full n m e s nd reside n ' e s of the ppli' nt s for m rri ! e li'ens e nd other d t !iven in the ppli' tions . 2he noti'e sh ll be post e d for ten 'ons e ' u tive d ys on bulletin bo rd

outside the offi'e of the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r lo' t e d in 'ons pi'uou s pl 'e within the buildin! nd '' e s si ble to the !en e r l publi'. 2his noti'e sh ll re%u e s t ll perso n s h vin! 3nowle d ! e of ny impe di m e n t to the m rri ! e to dvis e the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r ther e of. 2he m rri ! e li'ens e sh ll be issue d fter the 'ompl e tion of the period of publi' tion. *71 Art. $6. In ' s e of ny impe di m e n t 3nown to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r or brou!h t to his tt e n tion, he sh ll note down the p rti'ul r s ther e of nd his findin!s ther e o n in the ppli' tion for m rri ! e li'ens e , but sh ll none t h e l e s s issue s id li'ens e fter the 'ompl e tion of the period of publi' tion, unles s order e d otherwis e by 'omp e t e n t 'ourt t his own inst n ' e or th t of ny inter e s t p rty. No filin! fee sh ll be 'h r! e d for the petition nor 'orre s p o n di n ! bond re%uire d for the issu n' e s of the order. *74 Art. $;. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r sh ll re%uir e the p ym e n t of the fees pres'rib e d by l w or re!ul tion s before the issu n ' e of the m rri ! e li'ens e . No other su m sh ll be 'olle't e d in the n t ur e of fee or t ) of ny 3ind for the issu n' e of s id li'ens e . It sh ll, howe v e r , be issue d free of 'h r ! e to indi!e n t p rtie s, th t is thos e who h ve no visible me n s of in'o me or whos e in'o me is insuffi'ient for their subsist e n ' e f 't est blish e d by their ffid vit, or by their o th before the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r. *7+ Art. ,:. 2he li'ens e sh ll be v lid in ny p rt of the Philippine s for period of one hundr e d twe nt y d ys from the d t e of issue, nd sh ll be dee m e d uto m t i ' lly ' n' el e d t the e)pir tion of the s id period if the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s h ve not m d e use of it. 2he e)piry d t e sh ll be st m p e d in bold 'h r ' t e r s on the f 'e of every li'ens e issue d. *7+ Art. ,$. <hen either or both of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s re 'iti0ens of forei!n 'ountr y, it sh ll be ne' e s s r y for the m before m rri ! e li'ens e ' n be obt in e d , to sub mit 'ertifi' t e of le! l ' p 'it y to 'ontr ' t m rri ! e , issue d by their resp e ' tive diplo m ti' or 'ons ul r offi'i ls. >t t el e s s pers on s or refu! e e s from other 'ountrie s sh ll, in lieu of the 'ertifi' t e of

le! l ' p 'ity herein re%uir e d, sub mit n ffid vit st tin! the 'ir'u ms t n ' e s showin! su'h ' p 'ity to 'ontr ' t m rri ! e . *77 Art. ,,. 2he m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e , in whi'h the p rtie s sh ll de'l r e th t they t 3e e 'h other s husb n d nd wife, sh ll lso st t e # *$- 2he full n m e , 'ontr ' tin! p rty/ *,- 2heir 'iti0ens hip, reside n ' e / se) nd !e nd time of e 'h h bitu l of the

reli!ion

*1- 2he d t e nd pre'is e 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e /

*4- 2h t the prop er m rri ! e li'ens e h s be e n issue d ''ordin! to l w, e)' e p t in m rri ! e provide d for in Ch pt e r , of this 2itle/ *+- 2h t either or both of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s h ve se' ur e d the p r e n t l 'ons e n t in ppro pri t e ' s e s / *7- 2h t either or both of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s h ve 'omplie d with the le! l re%uire m e n t re! r din! p r e n t l dvi'e in ppro pri t e ' s e s / nd *5- 2h t the p rtie s h ve ent er e d into m rri ! e settle m e n t , if ny, tt ' hin ! 'opy ther e of. *75 Art. ,1. It sh ll be the duty of the perso n sole mni0in! the m rri ! e to furnish either of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s the ori!in l of the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e referr e d to in Arti'le 7 nd to send the dupli' t e nd tripli' t e 'opies of the 'ertifi' t e not l ter th n fiftee n d ys fter the m rri ! e , to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the pl 'e wher e the m rri ! e w s sole mni0 e d. Proper re' eipt s sh ll be issue d by the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r to the sole mni0in! offi'er tr ns mi t tin! 'opies of the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e . 2he sole mni0in! offi'er sh ll ret in in his file the %u dr u pli' t e 'opy of the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e , the 'opy of the m rri ! e 'ertifi' t e , the ori!in l of the m rri ! e li'ens e nd, in prope r ' s e s , the ffid vit of the 'ontr ' tin! p rty re! r din! the sole mni0 tion of the m rri ! e in pl 'e other th n thos e me n tion e d in Arti'le 6. *76 Art. ,4. It sh ll be the duty of the lo' l 'ivil

re!istr r to prep r e the do'u m e n t s re%uir e d by this 2itle, nd to d mi nis t e r o th s to ll inter e s t e d p rtie s without ny 'h r! e in both ' s e s . 2he do'u m e n t s nd ffid vits filed in 'onn e ' tion with ppli' tions for m rri ! e li'ens e s sh ll be e)e m p t from do'u m e n t r y st mp t ). *nArt. ,+. 2he lo' l 'ivil re!istr r 'on' er n e d sh ll ent e r ll ppli' tions for m rri ! e li'ens e s filed with him in re!istry boo3 stri'tly in the order in whi'h the s me re re' eive d. ?e sh ll re'ord in s id boo3 the n me s of the ppli' n t s , the d t e on whi'h the m rri ! e li'ens e w s issue d, nd su'h other d t s m y be ne' e s s r y. *nArt. ,7. All m rri ! e s sole mni0 e d outside the Philippine s , in ''or d n ' e with the l ws in for'e in the 'ountry wher e the y wer e sole mni0 e d, nd v lid ther e s su'h, sh ll lso be v lid in this 'ountr y, e)'e pt thos e prohibite d unde r Arti'les 1+ *$-, *4-, *+- nd *7-, 1715 nd 16. *$5 <her e m rri ! e betw e e n "ilipino 'iti0en nd forei!n e r is v lidly 'elebr t e d nd divor' e is ther e ft e r v lidly obt ine d bro d by the lien spous e ' p 'it tin! him or her to re m r r y, the "ilipino spous e sh ll h ve ' p 'ity to re m r r y und er Philippine l w. *As me n d e d by @)e'utive Order ,,5Ch pt e r ,. & rri ! e s @)e mp t e d from .i'ens e Re%uire m e n t Art. ,5. In ' s e either or both of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s re t the point of de t h, the m rri ! e m y be sole mni0 e d without ne' e s sit y of m rri ! e li'ens e nd sh ll re m i n v lid eve n if the ilin! p rty subs e % u e n tl y survive s. *5, Art. ,6. If the reside n' e of either p rty is so lo' t e d th t ther e is no me n s of tr ns p or t tio n to en bl e su'h p rty to pp e r pers on lly befor e the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r, the m rri ! e m y be sole mni0 e d without ne' e s sit y of m rri ! e li'ens e . *5, Art. ,;. In the ' s e s provide d for in the two pre' e di n! rti'les, the sole mni0in! offi'er sh ll st t e in n ffid vit e)e' ut e d befor e the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r or ny other pers on le! lly ut hori0e d to d mi nis t e r o ths th t the

m rri ! e w s perfor m e d in rti'ulo mortis or th t the reside n ' e of either p rty, spe'ifyin! the b rrio or b r n ! y, is so lo' t e d th t ther e is no me n s of tr ns p or t tio n to en bl e su'h p rty to pp e r pers on lly befor e the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r nd th t the offi'er too3 the ne' e s s r y ste ps to s' e r t i n the !e s nd rel tions hip of the 'ontr ' tin ! p rtie s nd the bs e n ' e of le! l impe di m e n t to the m rri ! e . *5, Art. 1:. 2he ori!in l of the ffid vit re%uir e d in the l st pre' e din ! rti'le, to!e t h e r with the le!ible 'opy of the m rri ! e 'ontr ' t , sh ll be sent by the perso n sole mni0in! the m rri ! e to the lo' l 'ivil re!istr r of the muni'ip lity wher e it w s perfor m e d within the period of thirty d ys fter the perfor m n ' e of the m rri ! e . *5+ Art. 1$. A m rri ! e in rti'ulo mortis betw e e n p s s e n ! e r s or 'rew me m b e r s m y lso be sole mni0 e d by ship ' pt i n or by n irpl n e pilot not only while the ship is t se or the pl ne is in fli!ht, but lso durin! stopov e r s t ports of ' ll. *54 Art. 1,. A milit ry 'om m n d e r of unit, who is 'om mi s sion e d offi'er, sh ll li3ewise h ve ut hority to sole mni0 e m rri ! e s in rti'ulo mortis betw e e n pers on s within the 0one of milit ry oper tion, whet h e r me m b e r s of the r me d for'es or 'ivili ns. *54 Art. 11. & rri !e s mo n ! &uslims or mo n ! me m b e r s of the ethni' 'ultur l 'om m u ni ti e s m y be perfor m e d v lidly without the ne' e s sit y of m rri ! e li'ens e , provide d they re sole mni0 e d in ''ord n ' e with their 'usto m s , rites or pr 'ti' e s . *56 Art. 14. No li'ens e sh ll be ne' e s s r y for the m rri ! e of m n nd wom n who h ve lived to!e t h e r s husb n d nd wife for t le st five ye r s nd without ny le! l impe di m e n t to m rr y e 'h other. 2he 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s sh ll st t e the fore!oin! f 'ts in n ffid vit before ny pers on ut hori0e d by l w to d mi nis t e r o ths. 2he sole mni0in! offi'er sh ll lso st t e und er o th th t he s' e r t i n e d the %u lifi' tions of the 'ontr ' tin! p rtie s re found no le! l impe di m e n t to the m rri ! e . *57 Ch pt e r 1. Aoid nd Aoid ble & rri ! e s

'ivil de!r e e / Art. 1+. 2he followin! m rri ! e s sh ll be void from the be!innin!# *$- 2hos e 'ontr ' t e d by ny p rt y below ei!ht e e n ye r s of !e eve n with the 'ons e n t of p re n t s or !u r di n s / *,- 2hose sole mni0 e d by ny pers on not le! lly ut hori0e d to perfor m m rri ! e s unles s su'h m rri ! e s were 'ontr ' t e d with either or both p rtie s believin! in !ood f ith th t the sole mni0in! offi'er h d the le! l ut hority to do so/ *1- 2hos e sole mni0 e d without li'ens e , e)' e p t thos e 'over e d the pre' e din ! Ch pt e r/ *4- 2hos e bi! mo u s or poly! m o u s m rri ! e s not f ilin! unde r Arti'le 4$/ *+- 2hose 'ontr ' t e d throu! h mist 3 e of one 'ontr ' tin! p rty s to the identity of the other/ nd *7- 2hose subs e % u e n t m rri ! e s th t und er Arti'le +1. re void *,- Betwe e n step9 p r e n t s *1- Betwe e n l w/ nd ste p9 'hildre n/ nd 'hildre n9 in9 p re n t nd the

p re n t s 9 in9 l w doptin!

*4- Betwe e n the dopt e d 'hild/

*+- Betwe e n the survivin! spous e of the doptin! p r e n t nd the dopt e d 'hild/ *7- Betwe e n the survivin! spous e dopt e d 'hild nd the dopt e r / *5- Betwe e n n dopt e d 'hild le!itim t e 'hild of the dopt e r / *6- Betwe e n dopt e r/ nd dopt e d of the nd

'hildre n of the s m e

*;- Betwe e n p rtie s wher e one, with the inte ntion to m rr y the other, 3illed th t other pers on 8 s spous e , or his or her own spous e . *6,Art. 1;. 2he 'tion or defen s e for the de'l r tion of bsolut e nullity of m rri ! e sh ll not pre s'ribe . *As me n d e d by @)e'utive Order ,,5 nd Republi' A't No. 6+11/ 2he phr s e C?owev e r, in ' s e of m rri ! e 'elebr t e d befor e the effe'tivity of this Code nd f llin! und er Arti'le 17, su'h 'tion or defe ns e sh ll pre s'ribe in ten ye r s fter this Code sh ll t 3e n effe'tC h s bee n delet e d by Republi' A't No. 6+11 DApprove d "ebru r y ,1, $;;6E-. Art. 4:. 2he m rri ! e m y re m r ri ! e on (ud! m e n t de'l void. *nbs olut e nullity of previous be invo3e d for purpos e s of the b sis solely of fin l rin! su'h previous m rri ! e

Art. 17. A m rri ! e 'ontr ' t e d by ny p rty who, t the time of the 'elebr tion, w s psy'holo!i' lly in' p 'it t e d to 'omply with the ess e n ti l m rit l obli! tion s of m rri ! e , sh ll li3ewise be void eve n if su'h in' p 'ity be'o m e s m nife s t only fter its sole mni0 tion. *As me n d e d by @)e'utive Order ,,5Art. 15. & rri !e s betw e e n the followin! re in'est u o u s nd void from the be!innin!, whet h e r rel tions hip betw e e n the p rtie s be le!itim t e or ille!itim t e # *$- Betwe e n s' e n d n t s ny de!r e e / nd nd des' e n d n t s of

*,- Betwe e n broth e r s nd sist er s, whet h e r of the full or h lf blood. *6$ Art. 16. 2he followin! m rri ! e s sh ll be void from the be!innin! for re s o n s of publi' poli'y# *$Betwe e n 'oll t er l whet h e r le!itim t e or ille!itim t e , blood rel tive s

up to the fourth

Art. 4$. A m rri ! e 'ontr ' t e d by ny perso n durin! subsist e n ' e of previous m rri ! e sh ll be null nd void, unles s before the 'elebr tion of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e , the prior spous e h d be e n bs e n t for four 'ons e ' u tive ye r s nd the spous e pres e n t h s well9 found e d belief th t the bs e n t spous e w s lre d y de d. In ' s e of dis pp e r n ' e wher e ther e is d n! e r of de t h und er the 'ir'u ms t n ' e s set forth in

the provisions of Arti'le 1;$ of the Civil Code, n bs e n ' e of only two ye r s sh ll be suffi'ient. "or the purpos e of 'ontr ' tin! the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e unde r the pre' e di n! p r !r p h the spous e pres e n t mus t institut e su m m r y pro' e e di n ! s provide d in this Code for the de'l r tion of pre s u m p t iv e de t h of the bs e n t e e , without pre(udi' e to the effe't of re p p e r n ' e of the bs e n t spous e . *61 Art. 4,. 2he subs e % u e n t m rri ! e referr e d to in the pre' e din ! Arti'le sh ll be uto m t i ' lly ter mi n t e d by the re'ordin! of the ffid vit of re pp e r n ' e of the bs e n t spous e , unles s ther e is (ud! m e n t nnullin! the previous m rri ! e or de'l rin! it void b initio. A sworn st t e m e n t of the f 't nd 'ir'u ms t n ' e s of re p p e r n ' e sh ll be re'ord e d in the 'ivil re!istry of the reside n ' e of the p rtie s to the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e t the inst n ' e of ny inter e s t e d pers on, with due noti'e to the spous e s of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e nd without pre(udi' e to the f 't of re pp e r n ' e bein! (udi'i lly det er mi n e d in ' s e su'h f 't is disput e d . *nArt. 41. 2he ter min tion of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e referr e d to in the pre' e din ! Arti'le sh ll produ' e the followin! effe'ts# *$- 2he 'hildre n of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e 'on' eive d prior to its ter min tion sh ll be 'onsid er e d le!itim t e / *,- 2he bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prope r t y or the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p, s the ' s e m y be, sh ll be dissolve d nd li%uid t e d , but if either spous e 'ontr ' t e d s id m rri ! e in b d f ith, his or her sh r e of the net profits of the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y or 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prop er t y sh ll be forfeite d in f vor of the 'om m o n 'hildre n or, if ther e re none , the 'hildre n of the !uilty spous e by previous m rri ! e or in def ult of 'hildre n, the inno' e n t spous e / *1- =on tion s by re s o n of m rri ! e sh ll re m i n v lid, e)' e p t th t if the done e 'ontr ' t e d the m rri ! e in b d f ith, su'h don tion s m d e to s id done e re revo3e d by oper tion of l w/

*4- 2he inno' e n t spous e m y revo3e the desi!n tion of the other spous e who 't e d in b d f ith s ben efi'i ry in ny insur n' e poli'y, eve n if su'h desi!n tion be stipul t e d s irrevo' bl e/ nd *+2he spous e who 'ontr ' t e d the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e in b d f ith sh ll be dis%u lified to inherit from the inno' e n t spous e by test t e nd intes t t e su'' e s si on. *nArt. 44. If both spous e s of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e 't e d in b d f ith, s id m rri ! e sh ll be void b initio nd ll don tions by re s o n of m rri ! e nd test m e n t r y dispositions m d e by one in f vor of the other re revo3e d by oper tion of l w. *nArt. 4+. A m rri ! e m y be nnulled for ny of the followin! ' us e s , e)istin! t the time of the m rri ! e # *$- 2h t the p rty in whos e beh lf it is sou!ht to h ve the m rri ! e nnulle d w s ei!ht e e n ye r s of !e or over but below twe nt y9 one, nd the m rri ! e w s sole mni0 e d without the 'ons e n t of the p re n t s , !u r di n or perso n h vin! subs titut e p r e n t l ut hority over the p rt y, in th t order, unles s fter tt inin! the !e of twent y9 one, su'h p rty freely 'oh bit e d with the other nd both lived to!e t h e r s husb n d nd wife/ *,- 2h t either p rty w s of unsou n d mind, unles s su'h p rty fter 'omin! to re s o n, freely 'oh bit e d with the other s hus b n d nd wife/ *1- 2h t the 'ons e n t of either p rty w s obt ine d by fr ud, unles s su'h p rty fterw r d s , with full 3nowled ! e of the f 'ts 'onstitutin! the fr ud, freely 'oh bit e d with the other s husb n d nd wife/ *4- 2h t the 'ons e n t of either p rty w s obt ine d by for'e, intimid tion or undu e influen' e , unles s the s me h vin! dis pp e r e d or 'e s e d , su'h p rt y ther e ft e r freely 'oh bit e d with the other s hus b n d nd wife/ *+- 2h t either p rt y w s physi' lly in' p bl e of 'ons u m m t i n ! the m rri ! e with the

other, nd su'h in' p 'it y pp e r s to be in'ur bl e / or

'ontinu e s

nd

*1- "or ' us e s me n tion e d in nu mb e r 1 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ure d p rt y, within five ye r s fter the dis'ove r y of the fr ud/ *4- "or ' us e s me n tion e d in nu mb e r 4 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ure d p rt y, within five ye r s from the time the for'e, intimid tion or undu e influen' e dis p p e r e d or 'e s e d/ *+- "or ' us e s me n tion e d in nu mb e r + nd 7 of Arti'le 4+, by the in(ured p rt y, within five ye r s fter the m rri ! e . *65 Art. 46. In ll ' s e s of nnul m e n t or de'l r tion of bsolut e nullity of m rri ! e , the Court sh ll order the pros e ' u ti n! ttorn e y or fis' l ssi!n e d to it to pp e r on beh lf of the >t t e to t 3e ste p s to prev e n t 'ollusion betw e e n the p rtie s nd to t 3e ' re th t evide n' e is not f bri' t e d or suppr e s s e d . In the ' s e s referr e d to in the pre' e din ! p r !r p h , no (ud! m e n t sh ll be b s e d upon stipul tion of f 'ts or 'onfes sion of (ud! m e n t . *66 Art. 4;. =urin! the pend e n ' y of the 'tion nd in the bs e n ' e of de % u t e provisions in writte n !re e m e n t betw e e n the spous e s , the Court sh ll provide for the support of the spous e s nd the 'ustod y nd support of their 'om m o n 'hildre n. 2he Court sh ll !ive p r m o u n t 'onside r tion to the mor l nd m t e ri l welf r e of s id 'hildre n nd their 'hoi'e of the p r e n t with who m they wish to re m i n s provide d to in 2itle IF. It sh ll lso provide for ppropri t e visit tion ri!ht s of the other p r e n t . *nArt. +:. 2he effe'ts provide d for by p r !r p h s *,-, *1-, *4- nd *+- of Arti'le 41 nd by Arti'le 44 sh ll lso pply in the prop er ' s e s to m rri ! e s whi'h re de'l r e d b initio or nnulled by fin l (ud! m e n t unde r Arti'les 4: nd 4+. 2he fin l (ud! m e n t in su'h ' s e s sh ll provide for the li%uid tion, p rtition nd distribution of the prop er ti e s of the spous e s , the 'ustod y nd suppor t of the 'om mo n 'hildre n, nd the delivery of third pres u m p t iv e le!itime s , unles s su'h m t t e r s h d bee n d(udi' t e d in previous (udi'i l pro' e e di n ! s .

*7- 2h t either p rty w s ffli'te d with se)u lly9 tr ns mi s sibl e dise s e found to be serious nd pp e r s to be in'ur bl e. *6+ Art. 47. Any of the followin! 'ir'u ms t n ' e s sh ll 'onstitut e fr ud referr e d to in Numb e r 1 of the pre' e din ! Arti'le# *$- Non9 dis'losur e of previous 'onvi'tion by fin l (ud! m e n t of the other p rty of 'rime involvin! mor l turpitud e / *,- Con'e l m e n t by the wife of the f 't th t t the time of the m rri ! e , she w s pre!n n t by m n other th n her hus b n d / *1- Con' e l m e n t of se)u lly tr ns mi s sibl e dise s e , re! r dl e s s of its n tur e , e)istin! t the time of the m rri ! e / or *4- Con'e l m e n t of dru! ddi'tion, h bitu l l'oholis m or homo s e ) u lity or lesbi nis m e)istin! t the time of the m rri ! e . No other misre pr e s e n t t i o n or de' eit s to 'h r ' t e r , he lth, r n3, fortun e or 'h s tity sh ll 'onstit ut e su'h fr ud s will !ive !round s for 'tion for the nnul m e n t of m rri ! e . *67 Art. 45. 2he 'tion for nnul m e n t of m rri ! e mus t be filed by the followin! pers on s nd within the periods indi' t e d her ein# *$- "or ' us e s me n tion e d in nu mb e r $ of Arti'le 4+ by the p rty whos e p re n t or !u r di n did not !ive his or her 'ons e n t , within five ye r s fter tt inin! the !e of twe nt y9 one, or by the p r e n t or !u r di n or pers on h vin! le! l 'h r! e of the minor, t ny time before su'h p rty h s re ' h e d the !e of twent y9 one/ *,- "or ' us e s me n tion e d in nu mb e r , of Arti'le 4+, by the s m e spous e , who h d no 3nowle d ! e of the other 8 s ins nity/ or by ny rel tive or !u r di n or pers on h vin! le! l 'h r! e of the ins n e , t ny time before the de t h of either p rty, or by the ins n e spous e durin! lu'id interv l or fter re! inin! s nity/

All 'reditor s of the spous e s s well s of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p sh ll be notified of the pro' e e di n ! s for li%uid tion. In the p rtition, the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on whi'h it is situ t e d , sh ll be d(udi' t e d in ''ord n ' e with the provisions of Arti'les $:, nd $,;. Art. +$. In s id p rtition, the v lue of the pres u m p t iv e le!itime s of ll 'om m o n 'hildre n, 'omp u t e d s of the d t e of the fin l (ud! m e n t of the tri l 'ourt, sh ll be deliver e d in ' sh, prop er t y or sound se'uritie s, unles s the p rtie s, by mut u l !r e e m e n t (udi'i lly pprov e d , h d lre d y provide d for su'h m tters. 2he 'hildre n or their !u r di n or the trust e e of their prope r t y m y s3 for the enfor' e m e n t of the (ud! m e n t . 2he delivery of the pres u m p ti v e le!itime s her ein pres'rib e d sh ll in no w y pre(udi' e the ultim t e su'' e s si on l ri!hts of the 'hildre n ''ruin! upon the de t h of either of both of the p r e n t s / but the v lue of the prop er ti e s lre d y re' eive d und er the de'r e e of nnul m e n t or bs olut e nullity sh ll be 'onsid er e d s dv n ' e s on their le!itime . *nArt. +,. 2he (ud! m e n t of nnul m e n t or of bsolut e nullity of the m rri ! e , the p rtition nd distribution of the prope r ti e s of the spous e s nd the delivery of the 'hildre n8 s pres u m p t iv e le!itime s sh ll be re'or d e d in the ppropri t e 'ivil re!istry nd re!istrie s of prop er t y/ other wis e , the s m e sh ll not ffe't third pers on s . *nArt. +1. @ither of the forme r spous e s m y m rry ! in fter 'ompli n' e with the re%uire m e n t s of the imme di t el y pre' e di n! Arti'le/ other wis e , the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e sh ll be null nd void. Art. +4. Childre n 'on' eive d or born befor e the (ud! m e n t of nnul m e n t or bs olut e nullity of the m rri ! e unde r Arti'le 17 h s be'o m e fin l nd e)e' ut or y sh ll be 'onsid er e d le!itim t e . Children 'on' eive d or born of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e unde r Arti'le +1 sh ll li3ewise be le!itim t e .

TITLE II LE"AL SEPARATION Art. ++. A petition for le! l sep r ti on m y be filed on ny of the followin! !roun d s # *$- Repe t e d physi' l violen' e or !rossly busive 'ondu' t dire't e d ! ins t the petitione r, 'om mo n 'hild, or 'hild of the petitione r/ *,- Physi' l violen' e or mor l pres s ur e to 'omp el the petitione r to 'h n! e reli!ious or politi' l ffili tion/ *1- Atte mp t of respo n d e n t to 'orrupt or indu' e the petitione r, 'om mo n 'hild, or 'hild of the petitione r, to en! ! e in prostitution, or 'onniv n' e in su'h 'orruption or indu' e m e n t / *4- "in l (ud! m e n t sent e n 'i n! the respon d e n t to imprison m e n t of mor e th n si) ye r s, eve n if p rdo n e d / *+- =ru! ddi'tion or h bitu l the respon d e n t / *7- .esbi nis m respon d e n t / or l'oholis m of of the

homo s e ) u lit y

*5- Contr ' tin! by the respo n d e n t of subs e % u e n t bi! mo u s m rri ! e , whet h e r in the Philippine s or bro d/ *6- >e)u l infidelity or perver sion/ *;- Atte mp t by the respon d e n t of the petition e r/ or ! ins t the life

*$:Ab ndon m e n t of petitione r by respon d e n t without (ustifi ble ' us e for mor e th n one ye r. "or purpos e s of this Arti'le, the ter m C'hildC sh ll in'lude 'hild by n tur e or by doption. *; Art. +7. 2he petition for le! l sep r tio n sh ll be denie d on ny of the followin! !round s # *$- <here the !!riev e d p rty h s 'ondon e d the offens e or 't 'ompl in e d of/ *,- <here the !!riev e d p rty h s 'ons e n t e d to the 'om mi s sion of the offens e or 't

'ompl in e d of/ *1- <her e ther e is 'onniv n' e betw e e n the p rtie s in the 'om mi s sion of the offens e or 't 'onstit utin! the !roun d for le! l sep r tion/ *4- <here both p rtie s h ve !iven !round for le! l sep r tio n/ *+- <here ther e is 'ollusion betw e e n the p rtie s to obt in de'r e e of le! l sep r ti on/ or *7<her e the pres'ription. *$:: 'tion is b rre d by

le! l sep r tion, the provisions of Arti'le 4; sh ll li3ewis e pply to the support of the spous e s nd the 'ustod y nd support of the 'om m o n 'hildre n. *$:+ Art. 71. 2he de'r e e of le! l sep r tion sh ll h ve the followin! effe'ts# *$- 2he spous e s sh ll be entitle d to live sep r t e l y from e 'h other, but the m rri ! e bonds sh ll not be sever e d/ *,- 2he bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p sh ll be dissolve d nd li%uid t e d but the offendin! spous e sh ll h ve no ri!ht to ny sh r e of the net profits e rn e d by the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p, whi'h sh ll be forfeite d in ''or d n ' e with the provisions of Arti'le 41*,-/ *1- 2he 'ustod y of the minor 'hildre n sh ll be w r d e d to the inno' e n t spous e , sub(e't to the provisions of Arti'le ,$1 of this Code/ nd *4- 2he offendin! spous e sh ll be dis%u lified from inheritin! from the inno' e n t spous e by inte st t e su'' e s si on. &oreove r, provisions in f vor of the offendin! spous e m d e in the will of the inno' e n t spous e sh ll be revo3e d by oper tion of l w. *$:7 Art. 74. After the fin lity of the de'r e e of le! l sep r tio n, the inno' e n t spous e m y revo3e the don tions m d e by him or by her in f vor of the offendin! spous e , s well s the desi!n tion of the l tter s ben efi'i ry in ny insur n' e poli'y, eve n if su'h desi!n tion be stipul t e d s irrevo' bl e. 2he revo' tion of the don tions sh ll be re'or d e d in the re!istrie s of prope r t y in the pl ' e s wher e the prop er ti e s re lo' t e d. Alien tion s, liens nd en'u m b r n ' e s re!ist e r e d in !ood f ith before the re'ordin! of the 'ompl int for revo' tion in the re!istrie s of prope r t y sh ll be resp e ' t e d . 2he revo' tion of or 'h n ! e in the desi!n tion of the insur n ' e ben efi'i ry sh ll t 3e effe't upon writte n notifi' tion ther e of to the insure d. 2he 'tion to revo3e the don tion unde r this Arti'le mus t be brou!h t within five ye r s from the time the de'r e e of le! l sep r tio n be'o m e fin l. *$:5 -

Art. +5. An 'tion for le! l sep r tio n sh ll be filed within five ye r s from the time of the o''urr e n ' e of the ' us e . *$:,Art. +6. An 'tion for le! l sep r tio n sh ll in no ' s e be tried befor e si) mont h s sh ll h ve el ps e d sin'e the filin! of the petition. *$:1Art. +;. No le! l sep r tio n m y be de'r e e d unles s the Court h s t 3e n ste p s tow r d the re'on'ili tion of the spous e s nd is fully s tisfied, des pit e su'h efforts, th t re'on'ili tion is hi!hly improb bl e . *nArt. 7:. No de'r e e of le! l sep r tion sh ll be b s e d upon stipul tion of f 'ts or 'onfe s sion of (ud! m e n t . In ny ' s e, the Court sh ll order the pros e ' u tin ! ttorn e y or fis' l ssi!n e d to it to t 3e ste ps to prev e n t 'ollusion betw e e n the p rtie s nd to t 3e ' re th t the evide n' e is not f bri' t e d or suppr e s s e d . *$:$ Art. 7$. After the filin! of the petition for le! l sep r tion, the spous e s sh ll be entitled to live sep r t el y from e ' h other. 2he 'ourt, in the bs e n ' e of writte n !r e e m e n t betw e e n the spous e s , sh ll desi!n t e either of the m or third pers on to d minist e r the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prope r t y. 2he d ministr t or ppoint e d by the 'ourt sh ll h ve the s m e power s nd dutie s s thos e of !u r di n und er the Rules of Court. *$:4 Art. 7,. =urin! the pend e n ' y of the 'tion for

Art. 7+. If the spous e s should re'on'ile, 'orre s p o n di n ! (oint m nife s t tion unde r o th duly si!ne d by the m sh ll be filed with the 'ourt in the s m e pro'e e di n ! for le! l sep r tion. *nArt. 77. 2he re'on'ili tion referr e d to in the pre' e di n! Arti'les sh ll h ve the followin! 'ons e % u e n ' e s # *$- 2he le! l sep r tion pro' e e di n ! s , if still pendin!, sh ll ther e b y be ter mi n t e d t wh t e v e r st ! e / nd *,- 2he fin l de'r e e of le! l sep r tio n sh ll be set side, but the sep r tio n of prope r t y nd ny forfeitur e of the sh r e of the !uilty spous e lre d y effe't e d sh ll subsist, unles s the spous e s !re e to revive their forme r prop er t y re!i me . 2he 'ourt8 s order 'ont inin! the fore!oin! sh ll be re'or d e d in the prope r 'ivil re!istrie s. *$:6 Art. 75. 2he !r e e m e n t to revive the forme r prop er t y re!i me referr e d to in the pre' e di n! Arti'le sh ll be e)e' ut e d und er o th nd sh ll spe'ify# *$- 2he prop er ti e s to be 'ontribut e d the restor e d re!i me / *,- 2hose to be ret ine d prop er ti e s of e ' h spous e / nd s ne w to

RI"HTS AND O#LI"ATIONS #ET$EEN HUS#AND AND $IFE Art. 76. 2he hus b n d nd wife re obli!ed to live to!e t h e r , obs e rv e mut u l love, resp e ' t nd fidelity, nd rend e r mut u l help nd suppor t. *$:; Art. 7;. 2he husb n d nd wife sh ll fi) the f mily domi'ile. In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , the 'ourt sh ll de'ide . 2he 'ourt m y e)e m p t one spous e from livin! with the other if the l tter should live bro d or ther e re other v lid nd 'omp ellin! re s o n s for the e)e m p ti on. ?owev e r, su'h e)e m p tio n sh ll not pply if the s m e is not 'omp ti bl e with the solid rity of the f mily. *$$: Art. 5:. 2he spous e s re (ointly respon si ble for the suppor t of the f mily. 2he e)pe n s e s for su'h suppor t nd other 'on(u! l obli! tions sh ll be p id from the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y nd, in the bs e n ' e ther e of, from the in'o me or fruits of their sep r t e prop er ti e s . In ' s e of insuffi'ien' y or bs e n ' e of s id in'o me or fruits, su'h obli! tions sh ll be s tisfied from the sep r t e prope r ti e s . *$$$ Art. 5$. 2he m n ! e m e n t of the hous e h ol d sh ll be the ri!ht nd the duty of both spous e s . 2he e)pe n s e s for su'h m n ! e m e n t sh ll be p id in ''or d n ' e with the provisions of Arti'le 5:. *$$+ Art. 5,. <hen one of the spous e s ne!le' t s his or her duties to the 'on(u! l union or 'om mi t s 'ts whi'h tend to brin! d n! e r , dishonor or in(ury to the other or to the f mily, the !!riev e d p rt y m y pply to the 'ourt for relief. *$$7 Art. 51. @ither spous e m le!itim t e profe s sion, o''up 'tivity without the 'ons e n t l tt er m y ob(e't only on v mor l !round s . In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , de'ide whet h e r or not# *$- 2he ob(e'tion is prop er/ y e)er'is e ny tion, busine s s or of the other. 2he lid, serious, nd the nd 'ourt sh ll

sep r t e d

*1- 2he n me s of ll their 3nown 'reditor s, their ddr e s s e s nd the mo u n t s owin! to e 'h. 2he !r e e m e n t of reviv l nd the motion for its pprov l sh ll be filed with the 'ourt in the s me pro' e e di n ! for le! l sep r tio n, with 'opies of both furnishe d to the 'reditor s n me d ther ein. After due he rin!, the 'ourt sh ll, in its order, t 3e me s u r e to prot e ' t the inter e s t of 'reditors nd su'h order sh ll be re'ord e d in the prope r re!istrie s of prop er ti e s . 2he re'ordin! of the orderin! in the re!istrie s of prop er t y sh ll not pre(udi' e ny 'reditor not liste d or not notified, unles s the debt or9 spous e h s suffi'ient sep r t e prope r ti e s to s tisfy the 'reditor8 s 'l im. *$;+ , $:6 TITLE III

*,- Benefit h s o''urr e d to the f mily prior to the ob(e'tion or ther e f t e r . If the ben efit ''ru e d prior to the ob(e'tion, the resultin! obli! tion sh ll be enfor' e d ! ins t the sep r t e prope r t y of the spous e who h s not obt ine d 'ons e n t . 2he fore!oin! provisions sh ll not pre(udi' e the ri!hts of 'reditor s who 't e d in !ood f ith. *$$5 TITLE IV PROPERTY RELATIONS #ET$EEN HUS#AND AND $IFE Ch pt e r $. Gene r l Provisions Art. 54. 2he prop er t y rel tions hip betw e e n hus b n d nd wife sh ll be !over n e d in the followin! order# *$- By m rri ! e settle m e n t s e)e' u t e d befor e the m rri ! e / *,- By the provisions of this Code/ *1- By the lo' l 'usto m. *$$6Art. 5+. 2he futur e spous e s m y, in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s , !r e e upon the re!i me of bsolut e 'om m u ni t y, 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p of ! ins, 'ompl e t e sep r tion of prop er t y, or ny other re!i me . In the bs e n ' e of m rri ! e settle m e n t , or whe n the re!i me !r e e d upon is void, the syst e m of bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prop er t y s est blish e d in this Code sh ll !over n. *$$; Art. 57. In order th t ny modifi' tion in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s m y be v lid, it mus t be m d e befor e the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e , sub(e' t to the provisions of Arti'les 77, 75, $,6, $1+ nd $17. *$,$Art. 55. 2he m rri ! e settle m e n t s nd ny modifi' tion ther e of sh ll be in writin!, si!ne d by the p rtie s nd e)e' u t e d before the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e . 2hey sh ll not pre(udi' e third pers on s unles s the y re re!ist e r e d in the lo' l 'ivil re!istr y wher e the m rri ! e 'ontr ' t is re'ord e d s well s in the prop er re!istrie s of prope r ti e s . *$,, Art. 56. A minor who ''or din! to l w m y 'ontr ' t m rri ! e m y lso e)e' ut e his or nd

her m rri ! e settle m e n t s , but they sh ll be v lid only if the perso n s desi!n t e d in Arti'le $4 to !ive 'ons e n t to the m rri ! e re m d e p rtie s to the !re e m e n t , sub(e't to the provisions of 2itle IF of this Code. *$,: Art. 5;. "or the v lidity of ny m rri ! e settle m e n t e)e' u t e d by pers on upon who m sent e n ' e of 'ivil interdi'tion h s be e n pronou n ' e d or who is sub(e't to ny other dis bility, it sh ll be indispe n s bl e for the !u r di n ppoint e d by 'omp e t e n t 'ourt to be m d e p rt y ther e t o. *$,1 Art. 6:. In the bs e n ' e of 'ontr r y stipul tion in m rri ! e settle m e n t , the prop er t y rel tions of the spous e s sh ll be !over n e d by Philippine l ws, re! r dl e s s of the pl ' e of the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e nd their reside n ' e . 2his rule sh ll not pply# re liens/

*$- <her e both spous e s

*,- <ith resp e ' t to the e)trinsi' v lidity of 'ontr ' t s ffe'tin! prope r t y not situ t e d in the Philippine s nd e)e' ut e d in the 'ountry wher e the prope r t y is lo' t e d/ nd *1- <ith resp e ' t to the e)trinsi' v lidity of 'ontr ' t s ent e r e d into in the Philippine s but ffe'tin! prop er t y situ t e d in forei!n 'ountr y whos e l ws re%uir e differe nt form litie s for its e)trinsi' v lidity. *$,4 Art. 6$. @veryt hin! stipul t e d in the settle m e n t s or 'ontr ' t s referr e d to in the pre' e di n! rti'les in 'onsid er tion of futur e m rri ! e , in'ludin! don tion s betw e e n the pros p e ' tive spous e s m d e ther ein, sh ll be rend e r e d void if the m rri ! e does not t 3e pl 'e. ?oweve r, stipul tions th t do not dep e n d upon the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e s sh ll be v lid. *$,+ Ch pt e r ,. =on tions by Re s on of & rri ! e Art. 6,. =on tion s by re s o n of m rri ! e re thos e whi'h re m d e befor e its 'elebr tion, in 'onside r tion of the s m e , nd in f vor of one or both of the futur e spous e s . *$,7Art. 61. 2hes e don tion s re !over n e d by the rules on ordin r y don tion s est blish e d in

2itle III of Boo3 III of the Civil Code, insof r s the y re not modified by the followin! rti'les. *$,5 Art. 64. If the future spous e s !re e upon re!i me other th n the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prop er t y, the y ' nnot don t e to e 'h other in their m rri ! e settle m e n t s mor e th n one9 fifth of their pres e n t prop er t y. Any e)' e s s sh ll be 'onside r e d void. =on tions of future prope r t y sh ll be !over n e d by the provisions on test m e n t r y su'' e s si on nd the form litie s of wills. *$1: Art. 6+. =on tion s by re s o n of m rri ! e of prop er t y sub(e't to en'u m b r n ' e s sh ll be v lid. In ' s e of fore'los ur e of the en'u m b r n ' e nd the prope r t y is sold for less th n the tot l mo u n t of the obli! tion se'ur e d, the done e sh ll not be li ble for the defi'ien' y. If the prop er t y is sold for mor e th n the tot l mo u n t of s id obli! tion, the done e sh ll be entitled to the e)' e s s . *$1$ Art. 67. A don tion by re s o n of m rri ! e m y be revo3e d by the donor in the followin! ' ses# *$- If the m rri ! e is not 'elebr t e d or (udi'i lly de'l r e d void b initio e)' e p t don tion s m d e in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s , whi'h sh ll be !over n e d by Arti'le 6$/ *,- <hen the m rri ! e t 3e s pl ' e without the 'ons e n t of the p r e n t s or !u r di n, s re%uire d by l w/ *1- <hen the m rri ! e is done e 't e d in b d f ith/ nnulled, nd the

!ive e 'h other on the o'' sion of ny f mily re(oi'in!. 2he prohibition sh ll lso pply to pers on s livin! to!e t h e r s husb n d nd wife without v lid m rri ! e . *$11 Ch pt e r 1. >yst e m of Absolut e Comm u ni t y >e'tion $. Gener l Provisions Art. 66. 2he bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prope r t y betw e e n spous e s sh ll 'om m e n ' e t the pre'is e mo m e n t th t the m rri ! e is 'elebr t e d . Any stipul tion, e)pr e s s or implied, for the 'om m e n ' e m e n t of the 'om m u ni t y re!i me t ny other time sh ll be void. *$4+ Art. 6;. No effe't s of the durin! the m ' s e of (udi'i w iver of ri!hts, sh r e s nd bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prope r t y rri ! e ' n be m d e e)'e pt in l sep r ti on of prop er t y.

<hen the w iver t 3e s pl ' e upon (udi'i l sep r tion of prop er t y, or fter the m rri ! e h s bee n dissolve d or nnulle d, the s me sh ll pp e r in publi' instru m e n t nd sh ll be re'ord e d s provide d in Arti'le 55. 2he 'reditor s of the spous e who m d e su'h w iver m y petition the 'ourt to res'ind the w iver to the e)t e n t of the mo u n t suffi'ient to 'over the mo u n t of their 'redits. *$47 Art. ;:. 2he provisions on 'o9 owner s hi p sh ll pply to the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y of prope r t y betw e e n the spous e s in ll m t t e r s not provide d for in this Ch pt e r . *n>e'tion ,. Propert y <h t Constitut e s Comm u ni t y

*4- Upon le! l sep r tio n, the done e bein! the !uilty spous e / *+- If it is with resolut or y 'ondition 'ondition is 'omplie d with/ nd the

Art. ;$. Unless other wis e provide d in this Ch pt e r or in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s , the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y sh ll 'onsist of ll the prop er t y owne d by the spous e s t the time of the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e or '%uire d ther e f t e r . *$;5 Art. ;,. 2he followin! sh ll be e)'lud e d from the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y# *$- Proper t y '%uir e d durin! the m rri ! e by !r t uitou s title by either spous e , nd the fruits s well s the in'o me ther e of, if ny, unles s it is e)pr e s sly provide d by the donor, test t or or !r nt or th t they sh ll form p rt

*7- <hen the done e h s 'om mi t t e d n 't of in!r titu d e s spe'ified by the provisions of the Civil Code on don tions in !en e r l. *$1, Art. 65. @very don tion or !r nt of !r t uitou s dv n t ! e , dire't or indire't, betw e e n the spous e s durin! the m rri ! e sh ll be void, e)' e p t mod e r t e !ifts whi'h the spous e s m y

of the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y/ *,- Proper t y for pers on l nd e)'lusive use of either spous e . ?oweve r, (ewelry sh ll form p rt of the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y/ *1- Proper t y '%uir e d before the m rri ! e by either spous e who h s le!itim t e des' e n d n t s by forme r m rri ! e , nd the fruits s well s the in'ome , if ny, of su'h prop er t y. *,:$ Art. ;1. Proper t y '%uire d durin! the m rri ! e is pres u m e d to belon! to the 'om m u ni t y, unles s it is prove d th t it is one of thos e e)'lud e d ther efro m. *$7:>e'tion 1. Ch r! e s Absolut e Comm u ni t y nd Obli! tions of the

s the y h ve redoun d e d to the ben efit of the f mily/ *6- 2he v lue of wh t is don t e d or pro mis e d by both spous e s in f vor of their 'om m o n le!itim t e 'hildre n for the e)'lusive purpos e of 'om m e n ' i n ! or 'ompl e tin! profe s sion l or vo' tion l 'ours e or other 'tivity for self9 improve m e n t / *;- Ante9 nupti l debt s of either spous e other th n thos e f llin! unde r p r !r p h *5- of this Arti'le, the support of ille!itim t e 'hildre n of either spous e , nd li bilities in'urre d by either spous e by re s o n of 'rime or %u si9 deli't, in ' s e of bs e n ' e or insuffi'ien' y of the e)'lusive prope r t y of the debt or9 spous e , the p ym e n t of whi'h sh ll be 'onside r e d s dv n' e s to be dedu' t e d from the sh r e of the debt or9 spous e upon li%uid tion of the 'om m u ni t y/ nd *$:- @)pen s e s of liti! tion spous e s unles s the suit is !roundl e s s . betw e e n the found to be

Art. ;4. 2he bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prope r t y sh ll be li ble for# *$- 2he suppor t of the spous e s , their 'om mo n 'hildre n, nd le!itim t e 'hildre n of either spous e / howe v e r, the suppor t of ille!itim t e 'hildre n sh ll be !over n e d by the provisions of this Code on >uppor t/ *,- All debt s nd obli! tion s 'ontr ' t e d durin! the m rri ! e by the desi!n t e d d ministr t or9 spous e for the ben efit of the 'om m u ni t y, or by both spous e s , or by one spous e with the 'ons e n t of the other/ *1- =ebts nd obli! tions 'ontr ' t e d by either spous e without the 'ons e n t of the other to the e)te n t th t the f mily m y h ve be e n ben efite d/ *4- All t )e s, liens, 'h r ! e s nd e)pe n s e s , in'ludin! m (or or minor rep irs, upon the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y/ *+- All t )e s nd e)pe n s e s for mer e pres e r v tio n m d e durin! m rri ! e upon the sep r t e prop er t y of either spous e use d by the f mily/ *7- @)pe ns e s to en bl e either spous e to 'om m e n ' e or 'ompl e t e profes sion l or vo' tion l 'ours e , or other 'tivity for self9 improve m e n t / *5- Ante9 nupti l debt s of either spous e insof r

If the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y is insuffi'ient to 'over the fore!oin! li bilities, e)'e pt thos e f llin! und er p r !r p h *;-, the spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n' e with their sep r t e prop er ti e s . *$7$ , $7, , $71 , ,:, 9 ,:+ Art. ;+. <h t e v e r m y be lost durin! the m rri ! e in ny ! me of 'h n' e , bettin!, swe e p s t 3 e s , or ny other 3ind of ! mblin!, whet h e r per mitt e d or prohibite d by l w, sh ll be borne by the loser nd sh ll not be 'h r! e d to the 'om m u ni t y but ny winnin!s ther efro m sh ll form p rt of the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y. *$74 >e'tion 4. Owner s hip, Administr tive , @n(oym e n t nd =isposition of the Comm u ni t y Propert y Art. ;7. 2he d mi nis tr tion nd en(oym e n t of the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y sh ll belon! to both spous e s (ointly. In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , the hus b n d 8 s de'ision sh ll prev il, sub(e't to re'our s e to the 'ourt by the wife for prope r re me d y, whi'h mus t be v iled of within five ye r s from the d te of the 'ontr ' t imple m e n ti n ! su'h de'ision.

In the eve nt th t one spous e is in' p 'it t e d or other wis e un ble to p rti'ip t e in the d ministr tion of the 'om mo n prop er ti e s , the other spous e m y ss u m e sole power s of d ministr tion. 2hes e power s do not in'lude disposition or en'u m b r n ' e without ut hority of the 'ourt or the writte n 'ons e n t of the other spous e . In the bs e n ' e of su'h ut hority or 'ons e n t , the disposition or en'u m b r n ' e sh ll be void. ?oweve r, the tr ns ' tion sh ll be 'onstr u e d s 'ontinuin! offer on the p rt of the 'ons e n ti n! spous e nd the third perso n, nd m y be perfe't e d s bindin! 'ontr ' t upon the ''e p t n ' e by the other spous e or uthori0 tion by the 'ourt before the offer is withdr w n by either or both offerors. *,:7 Art. ;5. @ither spous e m y dispos e by will of his or her inter e s t in the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y. *nArt. ;6. Neither spous e m y don t e ny 'om m u ni t y prope r t y without the 'ons e n t of the other. ?oweve r, either spous e m y, without the 'ons e n t of the other, m 3 e mod e r t e don tions from the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y for 'h rity or on o'' sions of f mily re(oi'in! or f mily distr e s s . *n>e'tion +. =issolution of Absolut e Commu ni t y Re!i me Art. ;;. 2he bs olut e 'om m u ni t y ter mi n t e s #

*,- <hen the 'ons e n t of one spous e to ny tr ns ' tion of the other is re%uire d by l w, (udi'i l uthori0 tion sh ll be obt in e d in su m m r y pro' e e di n !/ *1- In the bs e n ' e of suffi'ient 'om m u ni t y prop er t y, the sep r t e prope r t y of both spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the suppor t of the f mily. 2he spous e pres e n t sh ll, upon prope r petition in su m m r y pro' e e di n !, be !iven (udi'i l ut hority to d minist e r or en'u m b e r ny spe'ifi' sep r t e prop er t y of the other spous e nd use the fruits or pro'e e d s ther e of to s tisfy the l tt er8 s sh r e . *$56 Art. $:$. If spous e without (ust ' us e b n d o n s the other or f ils to 'omply with his or her obli! tion s to the f mily, the !!riev e d spous e m y petition the 'ourt for re' eive r s hi p, for (udi'i l sep r tio n of prop er t y or for ut hority to be the sole d ministr t or of the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y, sub(e't to su'h pre' u tion r y 'onditions s the 'ourt m y impos e . 2he obli! tion s to the f mily me n tion e d in the pre' e di n! p r !r p h refer to m rit l, p r e n t l or prope r t y rel tions. A spous e is de e m e d to h ve b n d o n e d the other whe n her or she h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! without inte ntion of retur nin!. 2he spous e who h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! for period of thre e mont h s or h s f iled within the s me period to !ive ny infor m tion s to his or her wher e b o u t s sh ll be prim f 'ie pres u m e d to h ve no intention of returnin! to the 'on(u! l dwellin!. *$56 >e'tion 7. .i%uid tion Comm u ni t y Asset s nd .i bilities of the Absolut e

*$- Upon the de t h of either spous e / *,- <hen sep r tion/ ther e is de'r e e is of le! l or

*1- <hen the m rri ! e de'l r e d void/ or

nnulle d

*4- In ' s e of (udi'i l sep r tio n of prope r t y durin! the m rri ! e und er Arti'les $14 to $16. *$5+ Art. $::. 2he sep r tio n in f 't betw e e n hus b n d nd wife sh ll not ffe't the re!i me of bs olut e 'om m u ni t y e)' e p t th t# *$- 2he spous e who le ve s the 'on(u! l home or refus e s to live ther ein, without (ust ' us e , sh ll not h ve the ri!ht to be suppor t e d /

Art. $:,. Upon dissolution of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y re!i me , the followin! pro' e d u r e sh ll pply# *$- An invent or y sh ll be pre p r e d , listin! sep r t e l y ll the prope r ti e s of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y nd the e)'lusive prope r ti e s of e 'h spous e . *,- 2he debt s nd obli! tions of the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y sh ll be p id out of its ss e t s . In ' s e of insuffi'ien' y of s id ss e t s , the

spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n' e with their sep r t e prope r ti e s in ''or d n ' e with the provisions of the se'ond p r !r p h of Arti'le ;4. *1- <h t e v e r re m i n s of the e)'lusive prop er ti e s of the spous e s sh ll ther e f t e r be deliver e d to e 'h of the m. *4- 2he net re m i n d e r of the prope r ti e s of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y sh ll 'ons tit ut e its net ss e t s , whi'h sh ll be divide d e%u lly betw e e n hus b n d nd wife, unles s differe n t proportion or division w s !r e e d upon in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s , or unles s ther e h s be e n volunt r y w iver of su'h sh r e provide d in this Code. "or purpos e of 'omp u tin ! the net profits sub(e't to forfeitur e in ''ord n ' e with Arti'les 41, No. *,- nd 71, No. *,-, the s id profits sh ll be the in're s e in v lue betw e e n the m r3 e t v lue of the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y t the time of the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e nd the m r3 e t v lue t the time of its dissolution. *+- 2he pres u m p t iv e le!itime s of the 'om mo n 'hildre n sh ll be deliver e d upon p rtition, in ''or d n ' e with Arti'le +$. *7- Unless otherwis e !re e d upon by the p rtie s, in the p rtition of the prop er ti e s , the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on whi'h it is situ t e d sh ll be d(udi' t e d to the spous e with who m the m (ority of the 'om m o n 'hildre n 'hoos e to re m i n. Children below the !e of seve n ye r s re dee m e d to h ve 'hos e n the mot h e r , unles s the 'ourt h s de'ide d otherwis e . In ' s e ther e in no su'h m (ority, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide, t 3in! into 'onsid er tion the bes t inter e s t s of s id 'hildre n. *nArt. $:1. Upon the m rri ! e by de t h, the sh ll be li%uid t e d in the the settle m e n t of the est ter mi n tion of the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y s m e pro' e e di n ! for t e of the de' e s e d .

ter mi n t e d m rri ! e sh ll be void. >hould the survivin! spous e 'ontr ' t subs e % u e n t m rri ! e without 'ompli n' e with the fore!oin! re%uir e m e n t s , m n d t o r y re!i me of 'ompl e t e sep r tio n of prop er t y sh ll !over n the prope r t y rel tions of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e . *nArt. $:4. <hen e v e r the li%uid tion of the 'om m u ni t y prop er ti e s of two or mor e m rri ! e s 'ontr ' t e d by the s m e pers on before the effe'tivity of this Code is ' rrie d out simult n e o u sl y, the resp e ' tive ' pit l, fruits nd in'o me of e 'h 'om m u ni t y sh ll be det er mi n e d upon su'h proof s m y be 'onsid er e d ''ordin! to the rules of evide n' e . In ' s e of doubt s to whi'h 'om m u ni t y the e)istin! prope r ti e s belon!, the s me sh ll be divide d betw e e n the differe nt 'om m u ni ti e s in proportion to the ' pit l nd dur tion of e 'h. *$6; Ch pt e r 4. Con(u! l P rtn e r s hi p of G ins >e'tion $. Gener l Provisions Art. $:+. In ' s e the futur e spous e s !r e e in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s th t the re!i me of 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p ! ins sh ll !over n their prop er t y rel tions durin! m rri ! e , the provisions in this Ch pt e r sh ll be of supple m e n t r y ppli' tion. 2he provisions of this Ch pt e r sh ll lso pply to 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p s of ! ins lre d y est blish e d betw e e n spous e s befor e the effe'tivity of this Code, without pre(udi' e to vest e d ri!hts lre d y '%uir e d in ''ord n ' e with the Civil Code or other l ws, s provide d in Arti'le ,+7. *nArt. $:7. Under the re!i me of 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p of ! ins, the hus b n d nd wife pl 'e in 'om mo n fund the pro'e e d s , produ' t s , fruits nd in'ome from their sep r t e prope r ti e s nd thos e '%uire d by either or both spous e s throu! h their efforts or by 'h n' e , nd, upon dissolution of the m rri ! e or of the p rt n e r s hi p, the net ! ins or ben efits obt ine d by either or both spous e s sh ll be divide d e%u lly betw e e n the m, unles s otherwis e !re e d in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s . *$4, -

If no (udi'i l settle m e n t pro'e e di n ! is institut e d, the survivin! spous e sh ll li%uid t e the 'om m u ni t y prope r t y either (udi'i lly or e)tr 9 (udi'i lly within si) mont h s from the de t h of the de' e s e d spous e . If upon the l ps e of the si) mont h s period, no li%uid tion is m d e , ny disposition or en' u m b r n ' e involvin! the 'om m u ni t y prop er t y of the

Art. $:5. 2he rules provide d in Arti'les 66 nd 6; sh ll lso pply to 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p of ! ins. *nArt. $:6. 2he 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p sh ll be !over n e d by the rules on the 'ontr ' t of p rt n e r s hi p in ll th t is not in 'onfli't with wh t is e)pr e s sl y det er mi n e d in this Ch pt e r or by the spous e s in their m rri ! e settle m e n t s . *$45 >e'tion ,. @)'lusive Proper t y of @ 'h >pous e Art. $:;. 2he followin! sh ll be the e)'lusive prop er t y of e ' h spous e # *$- 2h t whi'h is brou! ht to the m rri ! e his or her own/ *,- 2h t whi'h e 'h '%uire s m rri ! e by !r t uitou s title/ durin! s the

Art. $$1. Propert y don t e d or left by will to the spous e s , (ointly nd with desi!n tion of det er mi n t e sh r e s , sh ll pert in to the done e 9 spous e s s his or her own e)'lusive prop er t y, nd in the bs e n ' e of desi!n tion, sh r e nd sh r e li3e, without pre(udi' e to the ri!ht of ''r e tion whe n prope r. *$+: Art. $$4. If the don tion s re onerou s , the mo u n t of the 'h r ! e s sh ll be borne by the e)'lusive prop er t y of the done e spous e , whe n e v e r the y h ve bee n dv n ' e d by the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p of ! ins. *$+$ Art. $$+. Retire m e n t ben efits, pensions , nnuitie s, !r t uitie s, usufru't s nd simil r ben efits sh ll be !over n e d by the rules on !r t uitou s or onerou s '%uisitions s m y be prop er in e ' h ' s e . *n>e'tion 1. Con(u! l P rtn e r s hi p Proper t y Art. $$7. All prope r t y '%uir e d durin! the m rri ! e , whet h e r the '%uisition pp e r s to h ve be e n m d e , 'ontr ' t e d or re!ist e r e d in the n me of one or both spous e s , is pres u m e d to be 'on(u! l unles s the 'ontr r y is prove d. *$7: Art. $$5. 2he followin! p rt n e r s hi p prop er ti e s # re 'on(u! l

*1- 2h t whi'h is '%uir e d by ri!ht of rede m p t i o n, by b rt er or by e)'h n ! e with prop er t y belon!in! to only one of the spous e s / nd *4- 2h t whi'h is pur'h s e d with e)'lusive mon e y of the wife or of the hus b n d . *$46 Art. $$:. 2he spous e s ret in the owner s hip, poss e s si on, d mi nis tr tion nd en(oym e n t of their e)'lusive prope r ti e s . @ither spous e m y, durin! the m rri ! e , tr nsf e r the d mi nis tr tion of his or her e)'lusive prop er t y to the other by me n s of publi' instru m e n t , whi'h sh ll be re'ord e d in the re!istr y of prop er t y of the pl 'e the prop er t y is lo' t e d. *$15 , $76 , $7; Art. $$$. A spous e of !e m y mort ! ! e , en'u m b e r , lien t e or other wis e dispos e of his or her e)'lusive prop er t y, without the 'ons e n t of the other spous e , nd pp e r lone in 'ourt to liti! t e with re! r d to the s me . *nArt. $$,. 2he lien tion of ny e)'lusive prop er t y of spous e d mi nis t e r e d by the other uto m t i ' lly ter mi n t e s the d ministr tion over su'h prope r t y nd the pro' e e d s of the lien tion sh ll be turne d over to the owner9 spous e . *n-

*$- 2hose '%uire d by onerou s title durin! the m rri ! e t the e)pe n s e of the 'om m o n fund, whet h e r the '%uisition be for the p rt n e r s hi p, or for only one of the spous e s / *,- 2hose obt ine d from the l bor, indus tr y, wor3 or profes sion of either or both of the spous e s / *1- 2he fruits, n t ur l, industri l, or 'ivil, due or re'eive d durin! the m rri ! e from the 'om m o n prope r t y, s well s the net fruits from the e)'lusive prope r t y of e 'h spous e / *4- 2he sh r e of eithe r spous e in the hidde n tre s ur e whi'h the l w w r d s to the finder or owner of the prop er t y wher e the tre s ur e is found/ *+- 2hose '%uire d throu! h o''up tion su'h s fishin! or huntin!/ *7- .ivesto'3 e)istin! upon the dissolution of

the p rtn e r s hi p in e)'e s s of the nu mb e r of e 'h 3ind brou!h t to the m rri ! e by either spous e / nd *5- 2hos e whi'h re '%uir e d by 'h n' e , su'h s winnin!s from ! mblin! or bettin!. ?oweve r, loss e s ther efro m sh ll be borne e)'lusively by the loser9 spous e . *$+1 , $+4 , $++, $+;Art. $$6. Propert y bou!h t on inst llme n t s p id p rtly from e)'lusive funds of either or both spous e s nd p rtly from 'on(u! l funds belon!s to the buye r or buyer s if full owner s hi p w s vest e d befor e the m rri ! e nd to the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p if su'h owner s hi p w s vest e d durin! the m rri ! e . In either ' s e, ny mo u n t dv n ' e d by the p rt n e r s hi p or by either or both spous e s sh ll be reimb ur s e d by the owner or owner s upon li%uid tion of the p rtn e r s hi p. *nArt. $$;. <hen e v e r n mo u n t or 'redit p y bl e within period of time belon! s to one of the spous e s , the sums whi'h m y be 'olle't e d durin! the m rri ! e in p rti l p ym e n t s or by inst ll me n t s on the prin'ip l sh ll be the e)'lusive prop er t y of the spous e . ?oweve r, inter e s t s f llin! due durin! the m rri ! e on the prin'ip l sh ll belon! to the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p. *$+7 , $+5 Art. $,:. 2he owner s hip of improve m e n t s , whet h e r for utility or dor n m e n t , m d e on the sep r t e prope r t y of the spous e s t the e)pe n s e of the p rt n e r s hi p or throu! h the 'ts or efforts of either or both spous e s sh ll pert in to the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p, or to the ori!in l owner9 spous e , sub(e't to the followin! rules# <hen the 'ost of the improv e m e n t m d e by the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p nd ny resultin! in're s e in v lue re mor e th n the v lue of the prope r t y t the time of the improve m e n t , the entire prop er t y of one of the spous e s sh ll belon! to the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p, sub(e't to reimb ur s e m e n t of the v lue of the prop er t y of the owner9 spous e t the time of the improv e m e n t / otherwis e , s id prope r t y sh ll be ret in e d in owner s hi p by the owner9 spous e , li3ewise sub(e' t to reimb ur s e m e n t of the 'ost of the improv e m e n t . In either ' s e, the owner s hi p of the entire prop er t y sh ll be vest e d upon the

reimb ur s e m e n t , whi'h sh ll be m d e t the time of the li%uid tion of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p. *$+6 >e'tion 4. Ch r! e s Upon the Con(u! l P rtn e r s hip nd Obli! tions of

Art. $,$. 2he 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p sh ll be li ble for# *$- 2he suppor t of the spous e , their 'om m o n 'hildre n, nd the le!itim t e 'hildre n of either spous e / howe v e r, the suppor t of ille!itim t e 'hildre n sh ll be !over n e d by the provisions of this Code on >uppor t/ *,- All debt s nd obli! tion s 'ontr ' t e d durin! the m rri ! e by the desi!n t e d d ministr t or9 spous e for the ben efit of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p of ! ins, or by both spous e s or by one of the m with the 'ons e n t of the other/ *1- =ebts nd obli! tions 'ontr ' t e d by either spous e without the 'ons e n t of the other to the e)te n t th t the f mily m y h ve ben efit e d/ *4- All t )e s, liens, 'h r ! e s , nd e)pe n s e s , in'ludin! m (or or minor rep irs upon the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prope r t y/ *+- All t )e s nd e)pe n s e s for mer e pres e r v tio n m d e durin! the m rri ! e upon the sep r t e prope r t y of either spous e / *7- @)pe ns e s to en bl e either spous e to 'om m e n ' e or 'ompl e t e profes sion l, vo' tion l, or other 'tivity for self9 improve m e n t / *5- Ante9 nupti l debt s of either spous e insof r s the y h ve redoun d e d to the ben efit of the f mily/ *6- 2he v lue of wh t is don t e d or pro mis e d by both spous e s in f vor of their 'om m o n le!itim t e 'hildre n for the e)'lusive purpos e of 'om m e n ' i n ! or 'ompl e tin! profe s sion l or vo' tion l 'ours e or other 'tivity for self9 improve m e n t / nd *;- @)pe ns e s of liti! tion spous e s unles s the suit !roundl e s s . betw e e n the is found to

If the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p is insuffi'ient to 'over the fore!oin! li bilities, the spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n' e with their sep r t e prope r ti e s . *$7$ Art. $,,. 2he p ym e n t of perso n l debt s 'ontr ' t e d by the husb n d or the wife before or durin! the m rri ! e sh ll not be 'h r ! e d to the 'on(u! l prope r ti e s p rt n e r s hi p e)'e pt insof r s they redou n d e d to the ben efit of the f mily. Neither sh ll the fines nd pe'u ni r y inde m ni tie s impos e d upon the m be 'h r ! e d to the p rtn e r s hi p. ?oweve r, the p ym e n t of perso n l debt s 'ontr ' t e d by either spous e before the m rri ! e , th t of fines nd inde mni ti e s impos e d upon the m, s well s the support of ille!itim t e 'hildre n of either spous e , m y be enfor' e d ! ins t the p rt n e r s hi p ss e t s fter the respon si bilities enu m e r t e d in the pre' e di n! Arti'le h ve be e n 'over e d, if the spous e who is bound should h ve no e)'lusive prope r t y or if it should be insuffi'ient/ but t the time of the li%uid tion of the p rtn e r s hi p, su'h spous e sh ll be 'h r! e d for wh t h s bee n p id for the purpos e bove9 me n tion e d . *$71 Art. $,1. <h t e v e r m y be lost durin! the m rri ! e in ny ! me of 'h n' e or in bettin!, swe e p s t 3 e s , or ny other 3ind of ! mblin! whet h e r per mitt e d or prohibite d by l w, sh ll be borne by the loser nd sh ll not be 'h r! e d to the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p but ny winnin!s ther efro m sh ll form p rt of the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prope r t y. *$74 >e'tion +. Administr tion of the Con(u! l P rtn e r s hip Propert y Art. $,4. 2he d mi nis tr tion nd en(oym e n t of the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p sh ll belon! to both spous e s (ointly. In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , the husb n d 8 s de'ision sh ll prev il, sub(e' t to re'our s e to the 'ourt by the wife for prope r re me d y, whi'h mus t be v iled of within five ye r s from the d te of the 'ontr ' t imple m e n ti n ! su'h de'ision. In the eve nt th t one spous e is in' p 'it t e d or other wis e un ble to p rti'ip t e in the

d ministr tion of the 'on(u! l prope r ti e s , the other spous e m y ss u m e sole power s of d ministr tion. 2hes e power s do not in'lude disposition or en'u m b r n ' e without ut hority of the 'ourt or the writte n 'ons e n t of the other spous e . In the bs e n ' e of su'h ut hority or 'ons e n t , the disposition or en'u m b r n ' e sh ll be void. ?oweve r, the tr ns ' tion sh ll be 'onstr u e d s 'ontinuin! offer on the p rt of the 'ons e n ti n! spous e nd the third perso n, nd m y be perfe't e d s bindin! 'ontr ' t upon the ''e p t n ' e by the other spous e or uthori0 tion by the 'ourt before the offer is withdr w n by either or both offerors. *$7+ Art. $,+. Neither spous e m y don t e ny 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prope r t y without the 'ons e n t of the other. ?oweve r, either spous e m y, without the 'ons e n t of the other, m 3 e mod e r t e don tions from the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prop er t y for 'h rity or on o'' sions of f mily re(oi'in! or f mily distre s s . *$54 >e'tion 7. =issolution of Con(u! l P rtn e r s hi p Re!i me Art. $,7. ter mi n t e s # 2he 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p

*$- Upon the de t h of either spous e / *,- <hen sep r tion/ ther e is de'r e e is of le! l or

*1- <hen the m rri ! e de'l r e d void/ or

nnulle d

*4- In ' s e of (udi'i l sep r tio n of prope r t y durin! the m rri ! e und er Arti'les $14 to $16. *$5+ Art. $,5. 2he sep r tio n in f 't betw e e n hus b n d nd wife sh ll not ffe't the re!i me of 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p, e)' e p t th t# *$- 2he spous e who le ve s the 'on(u! l home or refus e s to live ther ein, without (ust ' us e , sh ll not h ve the ri!ht to be suppor t e d / *,- <hen the 'ons e n t of one spous e to ny tr ns ' tion of the other is re%uire d by l w, (udi'i l uthori0 tion sh ll be obt in e d in su m m r y pro' e e di n !/

*1- In the bs e n ' e of suffi'ient 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prope r t y, the sep r t e prope r t y of both spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the suppor t of the f mily. 2he spous e pres e n t sh ll, upon petition in su m m r y pro' e e di n !, be !iven (udi'i l ut hority to d minist e r or en'u m b e r ny spe'ifi' sep r t e prope r t y of the other spous e nd use the fruits or pro' e e d s ther e of to s tisfy the l tt er8 s sh r e . *$56 Art. $,6. If spous e without (ust ' us e b n d o n s the other or f ils to 'omply with his or her obli! tion to the f mily, the !!riev e d spous e m y petition the 'ourt for re' eive r s hi p, for (udi'i l sep r tio n of prop er t y, or for ut hority to be the sole d ministr t or of the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prop er t y, sub(e' t to su'h pre' u tion r y 'onditions s the 'ourt m y impos e . 2he obli! tion s to the f mily me n tion e d in the pre' e di n! p r !r p h refer to m rit l, p r e n t l or prope r t y rel tions. A spous e is de e m e d to h ve b n d o n e d the other when he or she h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! without inte ntion of retur nin!. 2he spous e who h s left the 'on(u! l dwellin! for period of thre e mont h s or h s f iled within the s me period to !ive ny infor m tion s to his or her wher e b o u t s sh ll be prim f 'ie pres u m e d to h ve no intention of returnin! to the 'on(u! l dwellin!. *$75 , $;$ >e'tion 5. .i%uid tion of the Con(u! l P rtn e r s hip Asset s nd .i bilities

'%uisition of prop er t y or for the v lue of his or her e)'lusive prope r t y, the owner s hip of whi'h h s be e n vest e d by l w in the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p. *4- 2he debt s nd obli! tions of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p sh ll be p id out of the 'on(u! l ss e t s . In ' s e of insuffi'ien' y of s id ss e t s , the spous e s sh ll be solid rily li ble for the unp id b l n' e with their sep r t e prop er ti e s , in ''or d n ' e with the provisions of p r !r p h *,- of Arti'le $,$. *+- <h t e v e r re m i n s of the e)'lusive prop er ti e s of the spous e s sh ll ther e f t e r be deliver e d to e 'h of the m. *7- Unless the owner h d bee n inde mnified from wh t e v e r sour' e , the loss or det erior tion of mov bl e s use d for the ben efit of the f mily, belon!in! to either spous e , eve n due to fortuitous eve nt , sh ll be p id to s id spous e from the 'on(u! l funds, if ny. *5- 2he net re m i n d e r of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prope r ti e s sh ll 'onstit ut e the profits, whi'h sh ll be divided e%u lly betw e e n hus b n d nd wife, unles s differe n t proportion or division w s !r e e d upon in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s or unles s ther e h s be e n volunt r y w iver or forfeitur e of su'h sh r e s provide d in this Code. *6- 2he pres u m p t iv e le!itime s of the 'om mo n 'hildre n sh ll be deliver e d upon the p rtition in ''or d n ' e with Arti'le +$. *;- In the p rtition of the prope r ti e s , the 'on(u! l dwellin! nd the lot on whi'h it is situ t e d sh ll, unles s otherwis e !re e d upon by the p rtie s, be d(udi' t e d to the spous e with who m the m (ority of the 'om m o n 'hildre n 'hoos e to re m i n. Children below the !e of seve n ye r s re dee m e d to h ve 'hos e n the mot h e r , unles s the 'ourt h s de'ide d other wis e . In ' s e ther e is no su'h m (ority, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide, t 3in! into 'onsid er tion the bes t inter e s t s of s id 'hildre n. *$6$ , $6, , $61 , $64 , $6+ Art. $1:. Upon the ter mi n tion of the m rri ! e by de t h, the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prop er t y sh ll be li%uid t e d in the s m e pro' e e di n ! for the settle m e n t of the est t e of the de' e s e d .

Art. $,;. Upon the dissolution of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p re!i me , the followin! pro'e d ur e sh ll pply# *$- An invent or y sh ll be pre p r e d , listin! sep r t e l y ll the prop er ti e s of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p nd the e)'lusive prop er ti e s of e 'h spous e . *,- Amount s dv n ' e d by the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p in p ym e n t of pers on l debt s nd obli! tions of either spous e sh ll be 'redit e d to the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p s n ss e t ther e of. *1- @ 'h spous e sh ll be reimb ur s e d for the use of his or her e)'lusive funds in the

If no (udi'i l settle m e n t pro'e e di n ! is institut e d, the survivin! spous e sh ll li%uid t e the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prop er t y either (udi'i lly or e)tr 9 (udi'i lly within si) mont h s from the de t h of the de' e s e d spous e . If upon the l ps e of the si)9 mont h period no li%uid tion is m d e , ny disposition or en'u m b r n ' e involvin! the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p prope r t y of the ter min t e d m rri ! e sh ll be void. >hould the survivin! spous e 'ontr ' t subs e % u e n t m rri ! e without 'ompli n' e with the fore!oin! re%uir e m e n t s , m n d t o r y re!i me of 'ompl e t e sep r tio n of prop er t y sh ll !over n the prope r t y rel tions of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e . *nArt. $1$. <hen e v e r the li%uid tion of the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p prope r ti e s of two or mor e m rri ! e s 'ontr ' t e d by the s m e pers on before the effe'tivity of this Code is ' rried out simult n e o u sl y, the resp e ' tive ' pit l, fruits nd in'o me of e 'h p rtn e r s hi p sh ll be det e r mi n e d upon su'h proof s m y be 'onsid er e d ''ordin! to the rules of evide n' e . In ' s e of doubt s to whi'h p rt n e r s hi p the e)istin! prop er ti e s belon!, the s me sh ll be divide d betw e e n the differe nt p rtn e r s hi p s in propor tion to the ' pit l nd dur tion of e 'h. *$6; Art. $1,. 2he Rules of Court on the d ministr tion of est t e s of de' e s e d pers on s sh ll be obs e rv e d in the ppr is l nd s le of prope r t y of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p, nd other m t t e r s whi'h re not e)pr e s sl y det e r mi n e d in this Ch pt e r . *$65 Art. $11. "rom the 'om m o n m s s of prope r t y suppor t sh ll be !iven to the survivin! spous e nd to the 'hildre n durin! the li%uid tion of the invent orie d prope r t y nd until wh t belon!s to the m is deliver e d/ but from this sh ll be dedu' t e d th t mo u n t re' eive d for suppor t whi'h e)' e e d s the fruits or rents pert inin! to the m. *$66 Ch pt e r +. >ep r tion of Propert y of the >pous e s nd Administr tion of Commo n Propert y by One >pous e =urin! the & rri !e Art. $14. In the bs e n ' e of n e)pr e s s

de'l r tion in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s , the sep r tion of prop er t y betw e e n spous e s durin! the m rri ! e sh ll not t 3e pl 'e e)' e p t by (udi'i l order. >u'h (udi'i l sep r tion of prop er t y m y either be volunt r y or for suffi'ient ' us e . *$;: Art. $1+. Any of the followin! sh ll be 'onsid er e d suffi'ient ' us e for (udi'i l sep r tion of prop er t y# *$- 2h t the spous e of the petition e r h s be e n sent e n ' e d to pen lty whi'h ' rrie s with it 'ivil inter di'tion/ *,- 2h t the spous e of the petition e r h s be e n (udi'i lly de'l r e d n bs e n t e e / *1- 2h t loss of p re n t l uthority of the spous e of petitione r h s be e n de'r e e d by the 'ourt/ *4- 2h t the spous e of the petition e r h s b n d o n e d the l tter or f iled to 'omply with his or her obli! tions to the f mily s provide d for in Arti'le $:$/ *+- 2h t the spous e !r nt e d the power of d ministr tion in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s h s bus e d th t power/ nd *7- 2h t t the time of the petition, the spous e s h ve be e n sep r t e d in f 't for t le st one ye r nd re'on'ili tion is hi!hly improb bl e . In the ' s e s provide d for in Numb e r s *$-, *,nd *1-, the pres e n t t io n of the fin l (ud! m e n t ! ins t the !uilty or bs e n t spous e sh ll be enou ! h b sis for the !r nt of the de'r e e of (udi'i l sep r tion of prop er t y. *$;$ Art. $17. 2he spous e s m y (ointly file verified petition with the 'ourt for the volunt r y dissolution of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p of ! ins, nd for the sep r ti on of their 'om m o n prop er ti e s . All 'reditors of the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or of the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p of ! ins, s well s the pers on l 'reditors of the spous e , sh ll be liste d in the petition nd notified of the filin! ther e of. 2he 'ourt sh ll t 3e me s u r e s to

prot e ' t the 'reditor s nd other perso n s with pe'u ni r y inter e s t . *$;$ Art. $15. On'e the sep r tion of prope r t y h s be e n de'r e e d , the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p of ! ins sh ll be li%uid t e d in 'onfor mit y with this Code. =urin! the pend e n ' y of the pro' e e di n ! s for sep r tion of prop er t y, the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p sh ll p y for the suppor t of the spous e s nd their 'hildre n. *$;, Art. $16. After dissolution of the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p, the provisions on 'ompl e t e sep r tion of prop er t y sh ll pply. *$;$ Art. $1;. 2he petition for sep r tio n of prop er t y nd the fin l (ud! m e n t !r ntin! the s me sh ll be re'ord e d in the prope r lo' l 'ivil re!istrie s nd re!istrie s of prope r t y. *$;1 Art. $4:. 2he sep r tio n of prope r t y sh ll not pre(udi' e the ri!hts previously '%uire d by 'reditor s. *$;4 Art. $4$. 2he spous e s m y, in the s m e pro' e e di n ! s wher e sep r tion of prope r t y w s de'r e e d , file motion in 'ourt for de'r e e revivin! the prope r t y re!i me th t e)ist e d betw e e n the m before the sep r tion of prope r t y in ny of the followin! inst n' e s # *$- <hen the 'ivil interdi'tion ter min t e s / *,- <hen the bs e n t e e spous e re pp e r s /

*7- <hen the spous e s who h ve sep r t e d in f 't for t le st one ye r, re'on'ile nd resu m e 'om m o n life/ or *5- <hen fter volunt r y dissolution of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y of prop er t y or 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p h s bee n (udi'i lly de'r e e d upon the (oint petition of the spous e s , the y !r e e to the reviv l of the forme r prop er t y re!i me . No volunt r y sep r tion of prop er t y m y ther e f t e r be !r nt e d . 2he reviv l of the forme r prop er t y re!i me sh ll be !over n e d by Arti'le 75. *$;+ Art. $4,. 2he d mi nis tr tion of ll 'l ss e s of e)'lusive prop er t y of either spous e m y be tr nsf e rr e d by the 'ourt to the other spous e # *$- <hen one spous e be'o m e s the !u r di n of the other/ *,- <hen one spous e is (udi'i lly de'l r e d bs e n t e e / n

*1- <hen one spous e is sent e n ' e d to pen lt y whi'h ' rrie s with it 'ivil interdi'tion/ or *4- <hen one spous e be'o m e s (usti'e or is in hidin! s n 'rimin l ' s e. fu!itive from ''us e d in

If the other spous e is not %u lified by re s o n of in'o mp e t e n ' e , 'onfli't of inter e s t , or ny other (ust ' us e , the 'ourt sh ll ppoint suit bl e pers on to be the d ministr t or . *nCh pt e r 7. Re!ime of >ep r tion of Proper t y Art. $41. >hould the futur e spous e s !r e e in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s th t their prope r t y rel tions durin! m rri ! e sh ll be !over n e d by the re!i me of sep r ti on of prop er t y, the provisions of this Ch pt e r sh ll be suppl e t or y. *,$, Art. $44. >ep r tion of prop er t y m pres e n t or futur e prop er t y or both. tot l or p rti l. In the l tt er prop er t y not !r e e d upon s sep pert in to the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y. y refer to It m y be ' s e, the r t e sh ll *,$1 -

*1- <hen the 'ourt, bein! s tisfied th t the spous e !r nt e d the power of d mi nis tr tion in the m rri ! e settle m e n t s will not ! in bus e th t power, ut hori0 e s the resu m p ti on of s id d ministr tion/ *4- <hen the spous e who h s left the 'on(u! l home without de'r e e of le! l sep r tion resu m e s 'om mo n life with the other/ *+- <hen p re n t l uthority is (udi'i lly restor e d to the spous e previously deprive d ther e of/

Art. $4+. @ 'h spous e sh ll own, dispos e of, poss e s s , d minist e r nd en(oy his or her own

sep r t e est t e , without ne e d of the 'ons e n t of the other. 2o e 'h spous e sh ll belon! ll e rnin! s from his or her profes sion, busine s s or industr y nd ll fruits, n t ur l, industri l or 'ivil, due or re' eive d durin! the m rri ! e from his or her sep r t e prope r t y. *,$4 Art. $47. Both spous e s sh ll be r the f mily e)pe n s e s in proportion to their in'o me , or, in ' s e of insuffi'ien' y or def ult ther e of, to the 'urre nt m r3 e t v lue of their sep r t e prop er ti e s . 2he li bilities of the spous e s to 'reditors for f mily e)pe n s e s sh ll, howev e r, be solid r y. *,$+ Ch pt e r 5. Propert y <ithout & rri ! e Re!ime of Unions

the 'om mo n 'hildre n or their des' e n d n t s , e 'h v ' n t sh r e sh ll belon! to the resp e ' tiv e survivin! des' e n d n t s . In the bs e n ' e of des' e n d n t s , su'h sh r e sh ll belon! to the inno' e n t p rty. In ll ' s e s , the forfeitur e sh ll t 3e pl 'e upon ter mi n tion of the 'oh bit tion. *$44 Art. $46. In ' s e s of 'oh bit tion not f llin! und er the pre' e din ! Arti'le, only the prop er ti e s '%uir e d by both of the p rtie s throu! h their 'tu l (oint 'ontribution of mon e y, prope r t y, or indus tr y sh ll be owne d by the m in 'om mo n in proportion to their resp e ' tiv e 'ontributions . In the bs e n ' e of proof to the 'ontr r y, their 'ontributions nd 'orre s p o n di n ! sh r e s re pres u m e d to be e%u l. 2he s m e rule nd pre s u m p t i o n sh ll pply to (oint deposit s of mon e y nd evide n' e s of 'redit. If one of the p rtie s is v lidly m rrie d to not h e r , his or her sh r e in the 'o9 owner s hip sh ll ''ru e to the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p e)istin! in su'h v lid m rri ! e . If the p rty who 't e d in b d f ith is not v lidly m rrie d to not h e r , his or her sh ll be forfeite d in the m n n e r provide d in the l st p r !r p h of the pre' e di n! Arti'le. 2he fore!oin! rules on forfeitur e sh ll li3ewise pply eve n if both p rtie s re in b d f ith. *$44 2I2.@ A 2?@ "A&I.H Ch pt e r $. 2he " mily s n Institution

Art. $45. <hen m n nd wom n who re ' p 'it t e d to m rry e 'h other, live e)'lusively with e 'h other s hus b n d nd wife without the ben efit of m rri ! e or und er void m rri ! e , their w ! e s nd s l rie s sh ll be owne d by the m in e%u l sh r e s nd the prope r t y '%uire d by both of the m throu! h their wor3 or indus tr y sh ll be !over n e d by the rules on 'o9 owner s hi p. In the bs e n ' e of proof to the 'ontr r y, prop er ti e s '%uire d while they lived to!e t h e r sh ll be pres u m e d to h ve be e n obt ine d by their (oint efforts, wor3 or indus tr y, nd sh ll be owne d by the m in e%u l sh r e s . "or purpos e s of this Arti'le, p rt y who did not p rti'ip t e in the '%uisition by the other p rt y of ny prope r t y sh ll be de e m e d to h ve 'ontribut e d (ointly in the '%uisition ther e of if the forme r 8 s efforts 'onsist e d in the ' re nd m int e n n ' e of the f mily nd of the hous e h ol d. Neither p rty ' n en'u m b e r or dispos e by 'ts inter vivos of his or her sh r e in the prop er t y '%uir e d durin! 'oh bit tion nd owne d in 'om mo n , without the 'ons e n t of the other, until fter the ter mi n tion of their 'oh bit tion. <hen only one of the p rtie s to void m rri ! e is in !ood f ith, the sh r e of the p rt y in b d f ith in the 'o9 owner s hi p sh ll be forfeite d in f vor of their 'om m o n 'hildre n. In ' s e of def ult of or w iver by ny or ll of

Art. $4;. 2he f mily, bein! the found tion of the n tion, is b si' so'i l institution whi'h publi' poli'y 'herish e s nd prot e ' t s . Cons e % u e n t l y, f mily rel tions re !over n e d by l w nd no 'usto m, pr 'ti' e or !r e e m e n t destr u' tive of the f mily sh ll be re'o!ni0 e d or !iven effe't. *,$7 , ,$6 Art. $+:. " mily rel tions in'lude thos e # *$*,*1the Betwe e n Betwe e n Amon! full or h husb n d nd wife/ p re n t s nd 'hildre n/ broth e r s nd sister s , whet h e r of lf9 blood. *,$5 -

Art. $+$. No suit betw e e n me m b e r s of the s me f mily sh ll prosp e r unles s it should pp e r from the verified 'ompl int or petition th t e r n e s t efforts tow r d 'ompr o mi s e h ve be e n m d e , but th t the s me h ve f iled. If it is shown th t no su'h efforts were in f 't m d e , the s m e ' s e mus t be dis mis s e d . 2his rules sh ll not pply to ' s e s whi'h m y not be the sub(e't of 'ompr o mi s e unde r the Civil Code. *,,, Ch pt e r ,. 2he " mily ?ome Art. $+,. 2he f mily home , 'onstitut e d (ointly by the husb n d nd the wife or by n un m r ri e d he d of f mily, is the dwellin! hous e wher e the y nd their f mily reside, nd the l nd on whi'h it is situ t e d . *,,1 Art. $+1. 2he f mily home is dee m e d 'onstitut e d on hous e nd lot from the time it is o''upi e d s f mily reside n' e . "rom the time of its 'ons tit ution nd so lon! s ny of its ben efi'i rie s 'tu lly reside s ther ein, the f mily home 'ontinu e s to be su'h nd is e)e m p t from e)e' ution, for'ed s le or tt ' h m e n t e)'e pt s her ein ft e r provide d nd to the e)t e n t of the v lue llowe d by l w. *,,1 Art. $+4. 2he ben efi'i rie s of re# f mily home

*4- "or debt s due to l bore r s , me ' h ni' s, r'hit e ' t s , builder s, m t e ri l me n nd other s who h ve rend e r e d servi'e or furnish e d m t e ri l for the 'onstr u' tion of the buildin!. *,41 Art. $+7. 2he f mily home mus t be p rt of the prop er ti e s of the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p, or of the e)'lusive prop er ti e s of either spous e with the l tter8 s 'ons e n t . It m y lso be 'onstitut e d by n un m r ri e d he d of f mily on his or her own prop er t y. Nevert h el e s s , prope r t y th t is the sub(e' t of 'ondition l s le on inst llme n t s wher e owner s hi p is res erv e d by the vendor only to !u r n t e e p ym e n t of the pur'h s e pri'e m y be 'onstitut e d s f mily home . *,,5 , ,,6 Art. $+5. 2he 'tu l v lue of the f mily home sh ll not e)' e e d, t the time of its 'onstitution, the mo u n t of the thre e hundr e d thous n d pes os in urb n re s , nd two hundr e d thous n d pes os in rur l re s , or su'h mo u n t s s m y her e f t e r be fi)ed by l w. In ny eve nt, if the v lue of the 'urre n' y 'h n ! e s fter the doption of this Code, the v lue mos t f vor bl e for the 'onstitution of f mily home sh ll be the b sis of ev lu tion. "or purpos e s of this Arti'le, urb n re s re de e m e d to in'lude 'h rt e r e d 'ities nd muni'ip litie s whos e nnu l in'o me t le st e%u ls th t le! lly re%uire d for 'h rt e r e d 'ities. All other s re dee m e d to be rur l re s . *,1$ Art. $+6. 2he f mily home m y be sold, lien t e d , don t e d , ssi!n e d or en'u m b e r e d by the owner or owner s ther e of with the writte n 'ons e n t of the pers on 'onstitutin! the s me , the l tt er8 s spous e , nd m (ority of the ben efi'i rie s of le! l !e. In ' s e of 'onfli't, the 'ourt sh ll de'ide . *,1+ Art. $+;. 2he f mily home sh ll 'ontinu e des pit e the de t h of one or both spous e s or of the unm r ri e d he d of the f mily for period of ten ye r s or for s lon! s ther e is minor ben efi'i ry, nd the heirs ' nnot

*$- 2he hus b n d nd wife, or n un m r ri e d pers on who is the he d of f mily/ nd *,- 2heir p r e n t s , s' e n d n t s , des' e n d n t s , broth e r s nd sister s , whet h e r the rel tions hip be le!itim t e or ille!itim t e , who re livin! in the f mily home nd who dep e n d upon the he d of the f mily for le! l support. *,,7 Art. $++. 2he f mily home sh ll be e)e mp t from e)e' u tion, for'e d s le or tt ' h m e n t e)' e p t# *$- "or nonp ym e n t of t )e s/ *,- "or debt s in'urre d prior to the 'onstitution of the f mily home / *1- "or debt s se' ur e d by mort ! ! e s on the pre mi s e s before or fter su'h 'onstit ution/ nd

p rtition the s me unles s the 'ourt finds 'omp ellin! re s o n s ther efor. 2his rule sh ll pply re! r dl e s s of whoev e r owns the prop er t y or 'onstitut e d the f mily home . *,16 Art. $7:. <hen 'reditor whos e 'l ims is not mo n ! thos e me n tion e d in Arti'le $++ obt ins (ud! m e n t in his f vor, nd he h s re s o n bl e !round s to believe th t the f mily home is 'tu lly worth mor e th n the m )i mu m mo u n t fi)ed in Arti'le $+5, he m y pply to the 'ourt whi'h rend e r e d the (ud! m e n t for n order dire'tin! the s le of the prop er t y und er e)e' u tion. 2he 'ourt sh ll so order if it finds th t the 'tu l v lue of the f mily home e)' e e d s the m )i mu m mo u n t llowe d by l w s of the time of its 'onstitution. If the in're s e d 'tu l v lue e)' e e d s the m )i mu m llowe d in Arti'le $+5 nd results from subs e % u e n t volunt r y improve m e n t s introdu' e d by the perso n or pers on s 'onstit utin! the f mily home , by the owner or owner s of the prop er t y, or by ny of the ben efi'i rie s, the s me rule nd pro' e d ur e sh ll pply. At the e)e' u tion s le, no bid below the v lue llowe d for f mily home sh ll be 'onsid er e d . 2he pro' e e d s sh ll be pplied first to the mo u n t me n tion e d in Arti'le $+5, nd then to the li bilities unde r the (ud! m e n t nd the 'ost s. 2he e)' e s s , if ny, sh ll be deliver e d to the (ud! m e n t debt or. *,45 , ,46 Art. $7$. "or ben efits of f this Ch pt e r , the ben efi'i ry purpos e s of v ilin! of the mily home s provide d for in pers on m y 'onstitut e , or be of, only one f mily home . *n-

Art. $74. Children 'on' eive d or born durin! the m rri ! e of the p r e n t s re le!itim t e . Children 'on' eive d s result of rtifi'i l inse mi n tion of the wife with the sper m of the hus b n d or th t of donor or both re li3ewise le!itim t e 'hildre n of the hus b n d nd his wife, provide d, th t both of the m ut hori0e d or r tified su'h inse mi n tio n in writte n instru m e n t e)e' ut e d nd si!ne d by the m before the birth of the 'hild. 2he instru m e n t sh ll be re'ord e d in the 'ivil re!istry to!e t h e r with the birth 'ertifi' t e of the 'hild. *++ , ,+6 Art. $7+. Children 'on' eive d nd born outside v lid m rri ! e re ille!itim t e , unles s otherwis e provide d in this Code. *nArt. $77. .e!itim ' y of 'hild m y impu! n e d only on the followin! !roun d s # be

*$- 2h t it w s physi' lly impos si bl e for the hus b n d to h ve se)u l inter'our s e with his wife within the first $,: d ys of the 1:: d ys whi'h imme di t e l y pre' e d e d the birth of the 'hild be' u s e of# * - the physi' l in' p 'it y of the husb n d to h ve se)u l inter'our s e with his wife/ *b- the f 't th t the husb n d nd wife wer e livin! sep r t el y in su'h w y th t se)u l inter'our s e w s not possible/ or *'- serious illness of the husb n d , whi'h bsolut ely prev e n t e d se)u l inter'our s e / *,- 2h t it is prove d th t for biolo!i' l or other s'ientifi' re s o n s , the 'hild 'ould not h ve bee n th t of the husb n d , e)' e p t in the inst n' e provide d in the se'on d p r !r p h of Arti'le $74/ or *1- 2h t in ' s e of 'hildre n 'on' eive d throu! h rtifi'i l inse mi n tio n, the writte n ut hori0 tion or r tifi' tion of either p r e n t w s obt in e d throu! h mist 3 e , fr ud, violen' e , intimid tion, or undu e influen' e . *,++ Art. $75. 2he 'hild sh ll be 'onside r e d le!itim t e lthou! h the mot h e r m y h ve de'l r e d ! ins t its le!itim ' y or m y h ve be e n sent e n ' e d s n dult e r e s s . *,+7 -

Art. $7,. 2he provisions in this Ch pt e r sh ll lso !over n e)istin! f mily reside n' e s insof r s s id provisions re ppli' ble. *n2I2.@ AI PA2@RNI2H AN= "I.IA2ION Ch pt e r $. .e!itim t e Childre n Art. $71. 2he fili tion of 'hildre n m y be by n t ur e or by doption. N tur l fili tion m y be le!itim t e or ille!itim t e . *n-

Art. $76. If the m rri ! e is ter min t e d nd the mot h e r 'ontr ' t e d not h e r m rri ! e within thre e hundr e d d ys fter su'h ter mi n tion of the forme r m rri ! e , the s e rules sh ll !over n in the bs e n ' e of proof to the 'ontr r y# *$- A 'hild born before one hundr e d ei!hty d ys fter the sole mni0 tion of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e is 'onside r e d to h ve be e n 'on' eive d durin! the forme r m rri ! e , provide d it be born within thre e hundr e d d ys fter the ter min tion of the forme r m rri ! e / *,- A 'hild born fter one hundr e d ei!hty d ys followin! the 'elebr tion of the subs e % u e n t m rri ! e is 'onside r e d to h ve be e n 'on' eive d durin! su'h m rri ! e , eve n thou! h it be born within the thre e hundr e d d ys fter the ter min tion of the forme r m rri ! e . *,+; Art. $7;. 2he le!itim ' y or ille!itim ' y of 'hild born fter thre e hundr e d d ys followin! the ter mi n tion of the m rri ! e sh ll be prove d by whoev e r lle!e s su'h le!itim ' y or ille!itim ' y. *,7$ Art. $5:. 2he 'tion to impu! n the le!itim ' y of the 'hild sh ll be brou!h t within one ye r from the 3nowle d ! e of the birth or its re'ordin! in the 'ivil re!ist e r, if the husb n d or, in prop er ' s e , ny of his heirs, should reside in the 'ity or muni'ip lity wher e the birth too3 pl ' e or w s re'or d e d. If the hus b n d or, in his def ult, ll of his heirs do not reside t the pl 'e of birth s define d in the first p r !r p h or wher e it w s re'ord e d , the period sh ll be two ye r s if the y should reside in the Philippine s/ nd thre e ye r s if bro d. If the birth of the 'hild h s bee n 'on' e l e d from or w s un3now n to the hus b n d or his heirs, the period sh ll be 'ount e d from the dis'ove r y or 3nowle d ! e of the birth of the 'hild or of the f 't of re!istr tion of s id birth, whi'hev e r is e rlier. *,71 Art. $5$. 2he heirs of the hus b n d m y impu! n the fili tion of the 'hild within the period pres 'ribe d in the pre' e din ! rti'le only in the followin! ' s e s #

*$- If the husb n d should died before the e)pir tion of the period fi)ed for brin!in! his 'tion/ *,- If he should die fter the filin! of the 'ompl int without h vin! desist e d ther efro m/ or *1- If the 'hild w s born hus b n d . *,7, fter the de t h of the

Ch pt e r ,. Proof of "ili tion Art. $5,. 2he fili tion of le!itim t e 'hildre n is est blish e d by ny of the followin!# *$- 2he re'ord of birth pp e rin ! in the 'ivil re!ist e r or fin l (ud! m e n t / or *,- An d mis sion of le!itim t e fili tion in publi' do'u m e n t or priv t e h ndwritt e n instru m e n t nd si!ne d by the p rent 'on' e r n e d . In the bs e n ' e of the fore!oin! evide n' e , the le!itim t e fili tion sh ll be prove d by# *$- 2he ope n nd 'ontinuou s poss e s sio n of the st t u s of le!itim t e 'hild/ or *,- Any other me n s llowe d by the Rules of Court nd spe'i l l ws. *,7+ , ,77 , ,75 Art. $51. 2he 'tion to 'l im le!itim ' y m y be brou! ht by the 'hild durin! his or her lifetime nd sh ll be tr ns mi t t e d to the heirs should the 'hild die durin! minority or in st t e of ins nity. In thes e ' s e s , the heirs sh ll h ve period of five ye r s within whi'h to institut e the 'tion. Art. $54. .e!itim t e 'hildre n sh ll h ve the ri!ht# *$- 2o be r the surn m e s of the f the r nd the mot h e r , in 'onfor mit y with the provisions of the Civil Code on >urn m e s / *,- 2o re'eive support from their p r e n t s , their s' e n d n t s , nd in prope r ' s e s , their broth e r s nd sister s , in 'onfor mit y with the provisions of this Code on >upport/ nd *1- 2o be entitle d to the le!itim t e nd other

su'' e s si on l ri!hts !r nt e d to the m by the Civil Code. *,74 Ch pt e r 1. Ille!itim t e Children Art. $5+. Ille!itim t e 'hildre n m y est blish their ille!itim t e fili tion in the s me w y nd on the s m e evide n' e s le!itim t e 'hildre n. 2he 'tion mus t be brou! ht within the s m e period spe'ified in Arti'le $51, e)'e pt whe n the 'tion is b s e d on the se'on d p r !r p h of Arti'le $5,, in whi'h ' s e the 'tion m y be brou! ht durin! the lifetime of the lle!e d p r e n t . *,6; Art. $57. Ille!itim t e 'hildre n sh ll use the surn m e nd sh ll be und er the p re n t l ut hority of their mot h e r , nd sh ll be entitled to support in 'onfor mit y with this Code. 2he le!itime of e 'h ille!itim t e 'hild sh ll 'onsist of one9 h lf of the le!itime of le!itim t e 'hild. @)'ept for this modifi' tion, ll other provisions in the Civil Code !over nin! su'' e s si on l ri!hts sh ll re m i n in for'e. *,65 Ch pt e r 4. .e!itim t e d Children Art. $55. Only 'hildre n 'on' eive d nd born outside of wedlo'3 of p r e n t s who, t the time of the 'on' e p tion of the forme r, wer e not dis%u lified by ny impe di m e n t to m rr y e 'h other m y be le!itim t e d . *,7; Art. $56. .e!itim tion sh ll t 3e pl 'e by subs e % u e n t v lid m rri ! e betw e e n p re n t s . 2he nnul m e n t of void ble m rri ! e sh ll not ffe't the le!itim tion. *,5: Art. $5;. .e!itim t e d 'hildre n sh ll en(oy the s me ri!ht s s le!itim t e 'hildre n. *,5, Art. $6:. 2he effe'ts of le!itim tion sh ll retro ' t to the time of the 'hild8s birth. *,51 Art. $6$. 2he le!itim tion of 'hildre n who died before the 'elebr tion of the m rri ! e sh ll ben efit their des' e n d n t s . *,54Art. $6,. .e!itim tion m y be impu! n e d only by thos e who re pre(udi' e d in their ri!hts, within five ye r s from the time their ' us e of 'tion ''ru e s . *,5+ -

2I2.@ AII A=OP2ION Art. $61. A perso n of !e nd in poss e s si on of full 'ivil ' p 'ity nd le! l ri!hts m y dopt, provide d he is in position to suppor t nd ' re for his 'hildre n, le!itim t e or ille!itim t e , in 3ee pin! with the me n s of the f mily. Only minors m y be dopt e d , e)'e pt in the ' s e s whe n the doption of pers on of m (ority !e is llowe d in this 2itle. In ddition, the dopt e r mus t be t le st si)te e n ye r s older th n the perso n to be dopt e d , unles s the dopt e r is the p r e n t by n t ur e of the dopt e d , or is the spous e of the le!itim t e p r e n t of the pers on to be dopt e d . *,5 , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $64. dopt# 2he followin! pers on s m y not

*$- 2he !u r di n with resp e ' t to the w rd prior to the pprov l of the fin l ''oun t s rend e r e d upon the ter mi n tion of their !u r di n s hi p rel tion/ *,- Any pers on who h s bee n 'onvi't e d of 'rime involvin! mor l turpitud e / *1- An lien, e)'e pt # * - A forme r "ilipino 'iti0en who see 3s dopt rel tive by 'ons n ! ui nity/ to

*b- One who see 3s to dopt the le!itim t e 'hild of his or her "ilipino spous e / or *'- One who is m rrie d to "ilipino 'iti0en nd se e3 s to dopt (ointly with his or her spous e rel tive by 'ons n ! ui nity of the l tt er. Aliens not in'lude d in the fore!oin! e)' e p tion s m y dopt "ilipino 'hildre n in ''or d n ' e with the rules on inter9 'ountr y doption s s m y be provide d by l w. *,6 , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $6+. ?usb n d nd wife mus t dopt, e)' e p t in the followin! ' s e s # (ointly

*$- <hen one spous e se e3 s to ille!itim t e 'hild/ or

dopt his own

Art. $6;. Adoption sh ll h ve the followin! effe't s# *$- "or 'ivil purpos e s , the dopt e d sh ll be de e m e d to be le!itim t e 'hild of the dopt e r s nd both sh ll '%uire the re'ipro' l ri!ht s nd obli! tion s risin! from the rel tions hip of p r e n t nd 'hild, in'ludin! the ri!ht of the dopt e d to use the surn m e of the dopt e r s / *,- 2he p r e n t l ut hority of the p r e n t s by n t ur e over the dopt e d sh ll ter mi n t e nd be vest e d in the dopt e r s , e)'e pt th t if the dopt e r is the spous e of the p r e n t by n tur e of the dopt e d , p r e n t l ut hority over the dopt e d sh ll be e)er'is e d (ointly by both spous e s / nd *1- 2he dopt e d sh ll re m i n n inte st t e heir of his p r e n t s nd other blood rel tive s. *1;*$- , *1- , P= 7:1Art. $;:. .e! l or intes t t e su'' e s si on to the est t e of the dopt e d sh ll be !over n e d by the followin! rules# *$- .e!itim t e nd ille!itim t e 'hildre n nd des' e n d n t s nd the survivin! spous e of the dopt e d sh ll inherit from the dopt e d , in ''or d n ' e with the ordin r y rules of le! l or inte st t e su'' e s sio n/ *,<hen the p rents, le!itim t e or ille!itim t e , or the le!itim t e s' e n d n t s of the dopt e d 'on'ur with the dopt e r , they sh ll divide the entire est t e , one9 h lf to be inherit e d by the p r e n t s or s' e n d n t s nd the other h lf, by the dopt e r s / *1- <hen the survivin! spous e or the ille!itim t e 'hildre n of the dopt e d 'on'ur with the dopt e r s , the y sh ll divide the entire est t e in e%u l sh r e s , one9 h lf to be inherit e d by the spous e or the ille!itim t e 'hildre n of the dopt e d nd the other h lf, by the dopt e r s . *4- <hen the dopt e r s 'on'ur with the ille!itim t e 'hildre n nd the survivin! spous e of the dopt e d , the y sh ll divide the entire est t e in e%u l sh r e s , one9 third to be inherit e d by the ille!itim t e 'hildre n, one9 third by the survivin! spous e , nd one9 third by the dopt e r s /

*,- <hen one spous e se e3 s to dopt the le!itim t e 'hild of the other. *,; , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $67. In ' s e hus b n d nd wife (ointly dopt or one spous e dopt s the le!itim t e 'hild of the other, (oint p re n t l ut hority sh ll be e)er'is e d by the spous e s in ''or d n ' e with this Code. *,; , @. O. nd P= 7:1Art. $65. 2he followin! m y not be dopt e d #

*$- A perso n of le! l !e, unles s he or she is 'hild by n tur e of the dopt e r or his or her spous e , or, prior to the doption, s id perso n h s bee n 'onsist e n tly 'onside r e d nd tre t e d by the dopt e r s his or her own 'hild durin! minority. *,- An lien with whos e !over n m e n t the Republi' of the Philippine s h s no diplom ti' rel tions/ nd *1- A perso n who h s lre d y bee n dopt e d unles s su'h doption h s be e n previously revo3e d or res'ind e d. *1: , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1Art. $66. 2he writte n 'ons e n t of the followin! to the doption sh ll be ne' e s s r y# *$- 2he pers on to be !e or over, dopt e d , if ten ye r s of

*,- 2he p r e n t s by n tur e of the 'hild, the le! l !u r di n, or the prope r !over n m e n t instru m e n t lit y/ *1- 2he le!itim t e nd dopt e d 'hildre n, ten ye r s of !e or over, of the doptin! p re n t or p r e n t s / *4- 2he ille!itim t e 'hildre n, ten ye r s of !e or over, of the doptin! p r e n t , if livin! with s id p r e n t nd the l tt er8 s spous e , if ny/ nd *+- 2he spous e , if ny, of the perso n doptin! or to be dopt e d . *1$ , @. O. ;$ nd P= 7:1-

to the *+- <hen only the dopt e r s survive, sh ll inherit the entire est t e / nd the y

doption.

*7- <hen only 'oll t er l blood rel tive s of the dopt e d survive, then the ordin r y rules of le! l or inte st t e su'' e s si on sh ll pply. *1;*4- , P= 7:1Art. $;$. If the dopt e d is minor or otherwis e in' p 'it t e d , the doption m y be (udi'i lly res'ind e d upon petition of ny pers on uthori0 e d by the 'ourt or prope r !over n m e n t instru m e n t l 'tin! on his beh lf, on the s m e !round s pres 'rib e d for loss or susp e n sio n of p r e n t l ut hority. If the dopt e d is t le st ei!ht e e n ye r s of !e, he m y petition for (udi'i l res'ission of the doption on the s m e !roun d s pres 'ribe d for disinhe ritin! n s' e n d n t . *4: , P= 7:1Art. $;,. 2he dopt e r s m y petition the 'ourt for the (udi'i l res'ission of the doption in ny of the followin! ' s e s # *$- If the dopt e d h s 'om mi t t e d ny 'onstitutin! !round for disinhe ritin! des' e n d n t / or 't

2he 'ourt sh ll ''or din!ly order the me n d m e n t of the re'ords in the prope r re!istrie s. *4, , P= 7:12I2.@ AIII >UPPOR2 Art. $;4. >uppor t 'ompris e s everyt hin ! indispe n s bl e for sust e n n ' e , dwellin!, 'lothin!, me di' l tt e n d n ' e , edu' tion nd tr ns p or t tio n, in 3ee pin! with the fin n'i l ' p 'ity of the f mily. 2he edu' tion of the perso n entitle d to be suppor t e d referr e d to in the pre' e din ! p r !r p h sh ll in'lude his s'hoolin! or tr inin! for some profe s sion, tr d e or vo' tion, eve n beyon d the !e of m (ority. 2r ns por t tio n sh ll in'lude e)pe n s e s in !oin! to nd from s'hool, or to nd from pl 'e of wor3. *,;: Art. $;+. >ub(e't to the provisions of the su'' e e di n ! rti'les, the followin! re obli!ed to suppor t e 'h other to the whole e)t e n t set forth in the pre' e din ! rti'le# *$- 2he spous e s / *,- .e!itim t e s' e n d n t s nd des' e n d n t s /

*,- <hen the dopt e d h s b n d o n e d the home of the dopt e r s durin! minority for t le st one ye r, or, by some other 'ts, h s definitely repudi t e d the doption. *4$ , P= 7:1Art. $;1. If the dopt e d minor h s not re ' h e d the !e of m (ority t the time of the (udi'i l res'is sion of the doption, the 'ourt in the s m e pro' e e di n ! sh ll reinst t e the p r e n t l ut hority of the p r e n t s by n tur e , unles s the l tter re dis%u lified or in' p 'it t e d , in whi'h ' s e the 'ourt sh ll ppoint !u r di n over the perso n nd prop er t y of the minor. If the dopt e d perso n is physi' lly or me n t lly h ndi' p p e d , the 'ourt sh ll ppoint in the s m e pro' e e di n ! !u r di n over his pers on or prope r t y or both. Iudi'i l res'ission of the doption sh ll e)tin!uis h ll re'ipro' l ri!ht s nd obli! tions betw e e n the dopt e r s nd the dopt e d risin! from the rel tions hi p of p r e n t nd 'hild. 2he dopt e d sh ll li3ewise lose the ri!ht to use the surn m e s of the dopt e r s nd sh ll resu m e his surn m e prior

*1- P re nt s nd their le!itim t e 'hildre n nd the le!itim t e nd ille!itim t e 'hildre n of the l tt er/ *4- P re nt s nd their ille!itim t e 'hildre n nd the le!itim t e nd ille!itim t e 'hildre n of the l tt er/ nd *+- .e!itim t e broth e r s nd sist er s, whet h e r of full or h lf9 blood. *,;$ Art. $;7. Brothe r s nd sist er s not le!itim t el y rel t e d, whet h e r of the full or h lf9 blood, re li3ewise bound to suppor t e 'h other to the full e)t e n t set forth in Arti'le $;4, e)'e pt only whe n the nee d for suppor t of the broth e r or sister, bein! of !e, is due to ' us e imput bl e to the 'l im n t 8 s f ult or ne!li!e n' e . *,;$ Art. $;5. In ' s e of le!itim t e s' e n d n t s /

des' e n d n t s , whet h e r le!itim t e or ille!itim t e / nd broth e r s nd sist er s, whet h e r le!itim t el y or ille!itim t el y rel t e d, only the sep r t e prope r t y of the pers on obli!e d to !ive suppor t sh ll be nsw e r bl e provide d th t in ' s e the obli!or h s no sep r t e prope r t y, the bs olut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rtn e r s hi p, if fin n'i lly ' p bl e , sh ll dv n ' e the suppor t, whi'h sh ll be dedu' t e d from the sh r e of the spous e obli!e d upon the li%uid tion of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or of the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p. *nArt. $;6. =urin! the pro'e e di n ! s for le! l sep r tion or for nnul m e n t of m rri ! e , nd for de'l r tion of nullity of m rri ! e , the spous e s nd their 'hildre n sh ll be suppor t e d from the prop er ti e s of the bsolut e 'om m u ni t y or the 'on(u! l p rt n e r s hi p. After the fin l (ud! m e n t !r ntin! the petition, the obli! tion of mut u l suppor t betw e e n the spous e s 'e s e s . ?owev e r, in ' s e of le! l sep r tion, the 'ourt m y order th t the !uilty spous e sh ll !ive suppor t to the inno' e n t one, spe'ifyin! the ter ms of su'h order. *,;, Art. $;;. <hen e v e r two or mor e perso n s re obli!e d to !ive support, the li bility sh ll devolve upon the followin! pers on s in the order her ein provide d# *$- 2he spous e / *,- 2he des' e n d n t s in the ne r e s t de!r e e / *1- 2he s' e n d n t s in the ne r e s t de!r e e / nd *4- 2he broth e r s nd sister s . *,;4 Art. ,::. <hen the obli! tion to !ive suppor t f lls upon two or mor e perso n s , the p ym e n t of the s m e sh ll be divide d betw e e n the m in proportion to the resour' e s of e ' h. ?oweve r, in ' s e of ur!e n t nee d nd by spe'i l 'ir'u ms t n ' e s , the (ud!e m y order only one of the m to furnish the suppor t provision lly, without pre(udi' e to his ri!ht to 'l im from the other obli!ors the sh r e due from the m. <hen two or mor e re'ipie nt s t the s m e time 'l im suppor t from one nd the s m e pers on le! lly obli!ed to !ive it, should the l tt er not h ve suffi'ient me n s to s tisfy ll

'l ims , the order est blis h e d in the pre' e din ! rti'le sh ll be followed, unles s the 'on'urr e n t obli!e e s should be the spous e nd 'hild sub(e't to p re n t l ut hority, in whi'h ' s e the 'hild sh ll be preferr e d. *,;+ Art. ,:$. 2he mo u n t of suppor t, in the ' s e s referr e d to in Arti'les $;+ nd $;7, sh ll be in proportion to the resour ' e s or me n s of the !iver nd to the ne' e s si ti e s of the re'ipient. *,;7 Art. ,:,. >uppor t in the ' s e s referr e d to in the pre' e din ! rti'le sh ll be redu' e d or in're s e d proportion t e l y, ''or din! to the redu'tion or in're s e of the ne' e s si ti e s of the re'ipie nt nd the resour' e s or me n s of the pers on obli!e d to furnish the s m e . *,;5 Art. ,:1. 2he obli! tion to !ive suppor t sh ll be de m n d b l e from the time the pers on who h s ri!ht to re' eive the s m e ne e d s it for m int e n n ' e , but it sh ll not be p id e)'e pt from the d t e of (udi'i l or e)tr 9 (udi'i l de m n d . >uppor t pend e n t e lite m y be 'l ime d ''or d n ' e with the Rules of Court. in

P ym e n t sh ll be m d e within the first five d ys of e 'h 'orre s p o n di n ! mont h or whe n the re'ipient dies, his heirs sh ll not be obli!e d to return wh t he h s re' eive d in dv n' e . *,;6 Art. ,:4. 2he perso n obli!e d to !ive suppor t sh ll h ve the option to fulfill the obli! tion either by p yin! the llow n' e fi)ed, or by re' eivin! nd m int i nin! in the f mily dwellin! the pers on who h s ri!ht to re' eive support. 2he l tt er ltern tiv e ' nnot be v iled of in ' s e ther e is mor l or le! l obst 'l e ther e t o. *,;; Art. ,:+. 2he ri!ht to re' eive support unde r this 2itle s well s ny mon e y or prop er t y obt ine d s su'h suppor t sh ll not be levied upon on tt ' h m e n t or e)e' ution. *1:, Art. ,:7. <hen, without the 3nowle d ! e of the pers on obli!ed to !ive support, it is !iven by str n ! e r , the l tter sh ll h ve ri!ht to 'l im the s m e from the forme r , unles s it pp e r s th t he ! ve it without intention of bein! reimb ur s e d . *,$74 -

re und er p re n t l Art. ,:5. <hen the perso n obli!ed to suppor t not h e r un(ustly refus e s or f ils to !ive suppor t whe n ur!e ntly nee d e d by the l tter, ny third pers on m y furnish support to the ne e d y individu l, with ri!ht of reimb ur s e m e n t from the pers on obli!ed to !ive support. 2his Arti'le sh ll p rti'ul rly pply when the f ther or mot h e r of 'hild und er the !e of m (ority un(ustly refus e s to support or f ils to !ive suppor t to the 'hild whe n ur!e ntly ne e d e d . *,$77 Art. ,:6. In ' s e of 'ontr ' t u l support or th t !iven by will, the e)' e s s in mo u n t beyon d th t re%uire d for le! l suppor t sh ll be sub(e' t to levy on tt ' h m e n t or e)e' ution. "urther m o r e , 'ontr ' t u l suppor t sh ll be sub(e't to d(us t m e n t whe n e v e r modifi' tion is ne' e s s r y due to 'h n ! e s of 'ir'u ms t n ' e s m nife s tly beyo n d the 'ont e m pl tion of the p rtie s. *n-

uthority. *1$$ -

Art. ,$,. In ' s e of bs e n ' e or de t h of either p r e n t , the p re n t pre s e n t sh ll 'ontinu e e)er'isin! p re n t l ut hority. 2he re m r ri ! e of the survivin! p r e n t sh ll not ffe't the p r e n t l ut hority over the 'hildre n, unles s the 'ourt ppoint s not h e r perso n to be the !u r di n of the pers on or prope r t y of the 'hildre n. *nArt. ,$1. In ' s e of sep r tio n of the p r e n t s , p r e n t l ut hority sh ll be e)er'is e d by the p r e n t desi!n t e d by the Court. 2he Court sh ll t 3e into ''oun t ll relev n t 'onsid er tion s , esp e 'i lly the 'hoi'e of the 'hild over seve n ye r s of !e, unles s the p r e n t 'hos e n is unfit. *nArt. ,$4. In ' s e of de t h, bs e n ' e or uns uit bility of the p re n t s , subs titut e p r e n t l ut hority sh ll be e)er'is e d by the survivin! !r nd p r e n t . In ' s e sever l survive, the one desi!n t e d by the 'ourt, t 3in! into ''oun t the s m e 'onside r tio n me n tion e d in the pre' e din ! rti'le, sh ll e)er'is e the ut hority. *1++ Art. ,$+. No des' e n d n t sh ll be 'omp ell e d, in 'rimin l ' s e , to testify ! ins t his p r e n t s nd !r n d p r e n t s , e)' e p t whe n su'h testi mo n y is indispe n s bl e in 'rime ! ins t the des' e n d n t or by one p r e n t ! ins t the other. *1$+ Ch pt e r ,. >ubstitut e Authority nd >pe'i l P re nt l

TITLE IX PARENTAL AUTHORITY Ch pt e r $. Gene r l Provisions Art. ,:;. Pursu n t to the n tur l ri!ht nd duty of p r e n t s over the perso n nd prope r t y of their une m n 'i p t e d 'hildre n, p re n t l ut hority nd respon si bility sh ll in'lude the ' rin! for nd re rin! the m for 'ivi' 'ons'iou s n e s s nd effi'ien' y nd the develop m e n t of their mor l, me n t l nd physi' l 'h r ' t e r nd well9 bein!. *nArt. ,$:. P re nt l ut hority nd respon si bility m y not be renou n' e d or tr nsf e rr e d e)' e p t in the ' s e s uthori0 e d by l w. *1$1 Art. ,$$. 2he f ther nd the mot h e r sh ll (ointly e)er'is e p r e n t l ut hority over the pers on s of their 'om m o n 'hildre n. In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , the f the r8 s de'ision sh ll prev il, unles s ther e is (udi'i l order to the 'ontr r y. Children sh ll lw ys obs erv e resp e ' t nd rever e n ' e tow r d s their p re n t s nd re obli!e d to obe y the m s lon! s the 'hildre n

Art. ,$7. In def ult of p r e n t s or (udi'i lly ppoint e d !u r di n, the followin! pers on sh ll e)er'is e subs tit ut e p re n t l uthority over the 'hild in the order indi' t e d # *$- 2he survivin! !r n d p r e n t , Art. ,$4/ s provide d in

*,- 2he olde st broth e r or sister, over twe nt y9 one ye r s of !e, unles s unfit or dis%u lified/ nd *1- 2he 'hild8s 'tu l 'ustodi n, over twe nt y9 one ye r s of !e, unles s unfit or dis%u lified. <hen e v e r the !u r di n over ppoint m e n t or the prop er t y of the (udi'i l 'hild

be'o m e s ne' e s s r y, the s m e order of prefer e n ' e sh ll be obs erv e d. *14; , 1+$ , 1+4 Art. ,$5. In ' s e of foundlin!s, b n d o n e d ne!le 't e d or bus e d 'hildre n nd other 'hildre n simil rly situ t e d , p r e n t l uthority sh ll be entru s t e d in su m m r y (udi'i l pro' e e di n ! s to he d s of 'hildre n8 s home s , orph n ! e s nd simil r institutions duly ''re dit e d by the prop er !over n m e n t !e n ' y. *1$4 Art. ,$6. 2he s'hool, its d mi nis tr t or s nd te ' h e r s , or the individu l, entity or institution en! ! e d in 'hild re sh ll h ve spe'i l p re n t l ut hority nd respon si bility over the minor 'hild while unde r their sup er vision, instru'tion or 'ustod y. Authority nd respon si bility sh ll pply to ll ut hori0e d 'tivities whet h e r inside or outside the pre mi s e s of the s'hool, entity or institution. *14; Art. ,$;. 2hose !iven the uthority nd respon si bility unde r the pre' e di n! Arti'le sh ll be prin'ip lly nd solid rily li ble for d m ! e s ' us e d by the 'ts or omission s of the une m n 'i p t e d minor. 2he p r e n t s , (udi'i l !u r di n s or the pers on s e)er'isin! subs titut e p r e n t l ut hority over s id minor sh ll be subsidi rily li ble. 2he resp e ' tiv e li bilities of thos e referr e d to in the pre' e din ! p r !r p h sh ll not pply if it is prove d th t they e)er'is e d the prop er dili!en' e re%uir e d unde r the p rti'ul r 'ir'u ms t n ' e s . All other ' s e s not 'over e d by this nd the pre' e di n! rti'les sh ll be !over n e d by the provisions of the Civil Code on %u si9 deli'ts. *nCh pt e r 1. @ffe't of P re nt l Authority Upon the Persons of the Children Art. ,,:. 2he p re n t s nd thos e e)er'isin! p r e n t l uthority sh ll h ve with the resp e ' t to their une m n 'i p t e d 'hildre n on w rds the followin! ri!hts nd duties# *$- 2o 3ee p the m in their 'omp n y, to suppor t, edu' t e nd instru't the m by ri!ht

pre' e p t nd !ood e) mpl e , nd to provide for their upbrin!in! in 3ee pin! with their me n s / *,- 2o !ive the m love nd ffe'tion, nd 'ouns el, 'omp ni o n s hi p und er s t n di n !/ dvi'e nd

*1- 2o provide the m with mor l nd spiritu l !uid n ' e , in'ul' t e in the m hone s t y, inte !rity, self9 dis'ipline, self9 reli n' e , industr y nd thrift, stimul t e their inter e s t in 'ivi' ff irs, nd inspire in the m 'ompli n' e with the duties of 'iti0ens hi p/ *4- 2o furnish the m with !ood nd wholes o m e edu' tion l m t e ri ls, supe rvis e their 'tivities, re're tion nd ss o'i tion with other s , prot e ' t the m from b d 'omp n y, nd preve n t the m from '%uirin! h bits detri me n t l to their he lth, studi e s nd mor ls/ *+- 2o repr e s e n t the m in ll m t t e r s their inter e s t s / *7- 2o de m n d obe die n' e / from the m ffe'tin! nd

resp e ' t

*5- 2o impos e dis'ipline on the m re%uire d unde r the 'ir'u ms t n ' e s /

s m y be nd

*6- 2o perfor m su'h other dutie s s re impos e d by l w upon p re n t s nd !u r di n s . *1$7 Art. ,,$. P re nt s nd other pers on s e)er'isin! p r e n t l ut hority sh ll be 'ivilly li ble for the in(uries nd d m ! e s ' us e d by the 'ts or omissions of their une m n 'i p t e d 'hildre n livin! in their 'omp n y nd und er their p re n t l uthority sub(e' t to the ppro pri t e defen s e s provide d by l w. *,$6:* ,nd *4- Art. ,,,. 2he 'ourts m y ppoint !u r di n of the 'hild8s prop er t y or !u r di n d lite m whe n the bes t inter e s t s of the 'hild so re%uire s. *1$5Art. ,,1. 2he p r e n t s or, in their bs e n ' e or in' p 'it y, the individu l, entity or institution e)er'isin! p re n t l ut hority, m y petition the prop er 'ourt of the pl 'e wher e the 'hild reside s , for n order providin! for dis'iplin ry me s u r e s over the 'hild. 2he 'hild sh ll be

entitled to the ssist n ' e of 'ouns el, either of his 'hoi'e or ppoint e d by the 'ourt, nd su m m r y he rin! sh ll be 'ondu' t e d wher ein the petitione r nd the 'hild sh ll be he r d. ?oweve r, if in the s m e pro' e e di n ! the 'ourt finds the petitione r t f ult, irres p e ' tive of the merits of the petition, or when the 'ir'u ms t n ' e s so w rr nt , the 'ourt m y lso order the depriv tion or susp e n sio n of p rent l ut hority or dopt su'h other me s u r e s s it m y de e m (ust nd prop er. *1$6 Art. ,,4. 2he me s u r e s referr e d to in the pre' e di n! rti'le m y in'lude the 'om mi t m e n t of the 'hild for not mor e th n thirty d ys in entities or institutions en! ! e d in 'hild ' re or in 'hildre n8 s home s duly ''re dit e d by the prop er !over n m e n t !e n ' y. 2he p r e n t e)er'isin! p re n t l ut hority sh ll not interfer e with the ' re of the 'hild whe n e v e r 'om mi t t e d but sh ll provide for his suppor t. Upon prope r petition or t its own inst n' e , the 'ourt m y ter mi n t e the 'om mi t m e n t of the 'hild whe n e v e r (ust nd prop er. *1;$ Ch pt e r 4. @ffe't of P re nt l Authority Upon the Propert y of the Children Art. ,,+. 2he f ther nd the mot h e r sh ll (ointly e)er'is e le! l !u r di n s hi p over the prop er t y of the une m n ' i p t e d 'om mo n 'hild without the ne' e s si t y of 'ourt ppoint m e n t . In ' s e of dis !r e e m e n t , the f the r8 s de'ision sh ll prev il, unles s ther e is (udi'i l order to the 'ontr r y. <her e the m r3 e t v lue of the prop er t y or the nnu l in'ome of the 'hild e)' e e d s P+:,:: :, the p r e n t 'on' e r n e d sh ll be re%uire d to furnish bond in su'h mo u n t s the 'ourt m y det e r mi n e , but not less th n ten per 'ent u m *$:J- of the v lue of the prop er t y or nnu l in'o me , to !u r n t e e the perfor m n ' e of the obli! tion s pres'rib e d for !en e r l !u r di n s . A verified petition for pprov l of the bond sh ll be filed in the prope r 'ourt of the pl ' e wher e the 'hild reside s , or, if the 'hild reside s in forei!n 'ountr y, in the prop er 'ourt of the pl ' e wher e the prop er t y or ny

p rt ther e of is situ t e d . 2he petition sh ll be do'3e t e d s su m m r y spe'i l pro'e e di n ! in whi'h ll in'ide nt s nd issue s re! r din! the perfor m n ' e of the obli! tions referr e d to in the se'on d p r !r p h of this Arti'le sh ll be he r d nd resolve d. 2he ordin r y rules on !u r di n s hi p sh ll be mer ely suppl e t or y e)'e pt whe n the 'hild is und er subs tit ut e p re n t l uthority, or the !u r di n is str n ! e r , or p rent h s re m r ri e d, in whi'h ' s e the ordin r y rules on !u r di n s hi p sh ll pply. *1,: Art. ,,7. 2he prope r t y of the une m n 'i p t e d 'hild e rn e d or '%uire d with his wor3 or industr y or by onerou s or !r t uitou s title sh ll belon! to the 'hild in owner s hi p nd sh ll be devot e d e)'lusively to the l tter8 s support nd edu' tion, unles s the title or tr nsf e r provide s otherwis e . 2he ri!ht of the p r e n t s over the fruits nd in'o me of the 'hild8s prop er t y sh ll be limite d prim rily to the 'hild8s suppor t nd se'ond rily to the 'olle'tive d ily nee d s of the f mily. *1,$ , 1,1 Art. ,,5. If the p rents entr us t the m n ! e m e n t or d mi nis tr tion of ny of their prop er ti e s to n une m n 'i p t e d 'hild, the net pro' e e d s of su'h prope r t y sh ll belon! to the owner. 2he 'hild sh ll be !iven re s o n bl e mont hly llow n' e in n mo u n t not less th n th t whi'h the owner would h ve p id if the d mi nis tr t or were str n ! e r , unles s the owner, !r nt s the entire pro'e e d s to the 'hild. In ny ' s e , the pro'e e d s thus !ive in whole or in p rt sh ll not be 'h r! e d to the 'hild8s le!itime . *1,, Ch pt e r +. >usp e n si on P re nt l Authority Art. ,,6. P re nt l per m n e n t l y# or 2ermin tion of

uthority

ter mi n t e s

*$- Upon the de t h of the p re n t s / *,- Upon the de t h of the 'hild/ or *1- Upon e m n 'i p tion of the 'hild. *1,5 -

Art. ,,;. Unles s subs e % u e n tl y revive d by fin l (ud! m e n t , p re n t l uthority lso ter mi n t e s # *$- Upon *,- Upon doption of the 'hild/ ppoint m e n t of !en e r l !u r di n/

2he susp e n si on or depriv tion revo3e d nd the p re n t l uthority ' s e filed for the purpos e or in pro' e e di n ! if the 'ourt finds th t ther efor h s 'e s e d nd will not be *11 -

m y be revive d in the s m e the ' us e repe t e d .

*1- Upon (udi'i l de'l r tion of b n d o n m e n t of the 'hild in ' s e filed for the purpos e / *4- Upon fin l (ud! m e n t of 'omp e t e n t 'ourt dives tin! the p rt y 'on' e r n e d of p re n t l ut hority/ or *+- Upon (udi'i l de'l r tion of bs e n ' e or in' p 'it y of the perso n e)er'isin! p re n t l ut hority. *1,5 Art. ,1:. P re nt l uthority is sus p e n d e d upon 'onvi'tion of the p re n t or the pers on e)er'isin! the s me of 'rime whi'h ' rrie s with it the pen lt y of 'ivil inter di'tion. 2he ut hority is uto m t i' lly reinst t e d upon servi'e of the pen lt y or upon p rdon or mn e s t y of the offend e r . *11: Art. ,1$. 2he 'ourt in n 'tion filed for the purpos e in rel t e d ' s e m y lso susp e n d p r e n t l uthority if the p r e n t or the perso n e)er'isin! the s me # *$- 2re t s the 'hild with e)' e s sive h rs h n e s s or 'ruelty/ *,- Gives the 'hild 'orruptin! order s, 'ouns el or e) m pl e / *1- Comp els the 'hild to be!/ or *4- >ub(e't s the 'hild or llows him to be sub(e't e d to 'ts of l s'ivious n e s s . 2he !roun d s enu m e r t e d bov e re dee m e d to in'lude ' s e s whi'h h ve result e d from 'ulp bl e ne!li!e n ' e of the p re n t or the pers on e)er'isin! p r e n t l uthority. If the de!r e e of serious n e s s so w rr n t s , or the welf r e of the 'hild so de m n d s , the 'ourt sh ll deprive the !uilty p rt y of p rent l ut hority or dopt su'h other me s u r e s s m y be prope r unde r the 'ir'u ms t n ' e s .

Art. ,1,. If the pers on e)er'isin! p r e n t l ut hority h s sub(e't e d the 'hild or llowe d him to be sub(e' t e d to se)u l bus e , su'h pers on sh ll be per m n e n t l y deprive d by the 'ourt of su'h ut hority. *nArt. ,11. 2he pers on e)er'isin! subs titut e p rent l uthority sh ll h ve the s m e ut hority over the perso n of the 'hild s the p rents. In no ' s e sh ll the s'hool d mi nis tr t or, te ' h e r of individu l en! ! e d in 'hild ' re e)er'isin! spe'i l p r e n t l ut hority infli't 'orpor l punis h m e n t upon the 'hild. *nTITLE X EMANCIPATION AND A"E OF MAJORITY Art. ,14. @m n'ip tion t 3e s pl ' e by the tt in m e n t of m (ority. Unles s other wis e provide d, m (ority 'om m e n ' e s t the !e of twe nt y9 one ye r s. @m n'ip tion lso t 3e s pl 'e# *$- By the m rri ! e of the minor/ or *,- By the re'or din! in the Civil Re!ist er of n !r e e m e n t in publi' instru m e n t e)e' u t e d by the p re n t e)er'isin! p r e n t l ut hority nd the minor t le st ei!ht e e n ye r s of !e. >u'h em n 'ip tion sh ll be irrevo' bl e . *1;5 , 1;6 , 4:: , 4:$ Art. ,1+. 2he provisions !over nin! e m n 'i p tion by re'or d e d !re e m e n t sh ll lso pply to n orph n minor nd the perso n e)er'isin! p re n t l ut hority but the !r e e m e n t mus t be pprov e d by the 'ourt before it is re'ord e d. *nArt. ,17. @m n'ip tion for ny ' us e sh ll ter mi n t e p re n t l ut hority over the perso n nd prope r t y of the 'hild who sh ll the n be %u lified nd respo n sibl e for ll 'ts of 'ivil life. *4$, Art. ,15. 2he nnul m e n t or de'l r tion of

nullity of the m rri ! e of minor or of the re'ord e d !re e m e n t me n tion e d in the fore!oin!. Arti'les ,14 nd ,1+ sh ll revive the p re n t l ut hority over the minor but sh ll not ffe't 'ts nd tr ns ' tion s th t too3 pl 'e prior to the re'ordin! of the fin l (ud! m e n t in the Civil Re!ist er. *nTITLE XI SUMMARY JUDICIAL PROCEEDIN"S IN THE FAMILY LA$ Ch pt e r $. Pref tor y Provisions Art. ,16. Until modified by the >upr e m e Court, the pro'e d u r l rules provide d for in this 2itle sh ll pply s re! r d s sep r tion in f 't betw e e n hus b n d nd wife, b n d o n m e n t by one of the other, nd in'ide nt s involvin! p re n t l ut hority. *nCh pt e r ,. >ep r tion in " 't Art. ,1;. <hen husb n d nd wife re sep r t e d in f 't, or one h s b n d o n e d the other nd one of the m see 3s (udi'i l ut hori0 tion for tr ns ' tion wher e the 'ons e n t of the other spous e is re%uir e d by l w but su'h 'ons e n t is withh el d or ' nnot be obt ine d, verified petition m y be filed in 'ourt lle!in! the fore!oin! f 'ts. 2he petition sh ll tt ' h the propos e d de e d, if ny, e mb o d yi n ! the tr ns ' tion, nd, if none, sh ll des'rib e in det il the s id tr ns ' tion nd st t e the re s o n why the re%uire d 'ons e n t ther e t o ' nnot be se'ur e d . In ny ' s e, the fin l dee d duly e)e' ut e d by the p rtie s sh ll be sub mi t t e d to nd pprov e d by the 'ourt. *nArt. ,4:. Cl ims for d m ! e s by either spous e , e)'e pt 'osts of the pro'e e di n ! s , m y be liti! t e d only in sep r t e 'tion. *nArt. ,4$. Iurisdi'tion over the petition sh ll, upon proof of noti'e to the other spous e , be e)er'is e d by the prop er 'ourt uthori0e d to he r f mily ' s e s , if one e)ists, or in the re!ion l tri l 'ourt or its e%uiv l e n t sittin! in the pl 'e wher e either of the spous e s reside s . *nArt. ,4,. Upon the filin! of the petition, the 'ourt sh ll notify the other spous e , whos e

'ons e n t to the tr ns ' tion is re%uire d, of s id petition, orderin! s id spous e to show ' us e why the petition should not be !r nt e d , on or before the d t e set in s id noti'e for the initi l 'onfer e n ' e . 2he noti'e sh ll be ''o m p ni e d by 'opy of the petition nd sh ll be serve d t the l st 3nown ddr e s s of the spous e 'on' e r n e d . *nArt. ,41. A prelimin r y 'onfer e n ' e sh ll be 'ondu' t e d by the (ud!e perso n lly without the p rtie s bein! ssist e d by 'ouns el. After the initi l 'onfer e n ' e , if the 'ourt de e m s it useful, the p rtie s m y be ssist e d by 'ouns el t the su'' e e di n ! 'onfer e n ' e s nd he rin! s . *nArt. ,44. In ' s e of non9 pp e r n ' e of the spous e whos e 'ons e n t is sou!h t, the 'ourt sh ll in%uire into the re s o n s for his f ilure to pp e r , nd sh ll re%uire su'h pp e r n ' e , if possible. *nArt. ,4+. If, des pit e ll efforts, the tt e n d n ' e of the non9 'ons e n ti n! spous e is not se'ur e d, the 'ourt m y pro'e e d e) p rt e nd rend e r (ud! m e n t s the f 'ts nd 'ir'u ms t n ' e s m y w rr n t . In ny ' s e , the (ud!e sh ll end e v o r to prot e ' t the inter e s t s of the non9 pp e ri n! spous e . *nArt. ,47. If the petition is not resolve d t the initi l 'onfer e n ' e , s id petition sh ll be de'ide d in sum m r y he rin! on the b sis of ffid vits, do'u m e n t r y evide n' e or or l testi mo ni e s t the sound dis'r e tion of the 'ourt. If testi mo n y is nee d e d , the 'ourt sh ll spe'ify the witne s s e s to be he r d nd the sub(e't9 m t t e r of their testi mo ni e s , dire'tin! the p rtie s to pres e n t s id witne s s e s . *nArt. ,45. 2he (ud! m e n t of the 'ourt sh ll be imme di t e l y fin l nd e)e' ut or y. *nArt. ,46. 2he petition for (udi'i l ut hority to d minist e r or en'u m b e r spe'ifi' sep r t e prop er t y of the b n d o ni n ! spous e nd to use the fruits or pro' e e d s ther e of for the suppor t of the f mily sh ll lso be !over n e d by thes e rules. *nCh pt e r 1. Authority In'ident s Involvin! P re nt l

Art. ,4;. Petitions filed und er Arti'les ,,1,

,,+ nd ,1+ of this Code involvin! p r e n t l ut hority sh ll be verified. *nArt. ,+:. >u'h petitions sh ll be verified nd filed in the prope r 'ourt of the pl ' e wher e the 'hild reside s . *nArt. ,+$. 'ourt sh bs e n ' e entities ut hority Upon the filin! of the petition, the ll notify the p r e n t s or, in their or in' p 'ity, the individu ls, or institutions e)er'isin! p re n t l over the 'hild. *n-

Preside n t . =one in the City of & nil , this 7th d y of Iuly, in the ye r of Our .ord, ninet e e n hundr e d nd ei!ht y9 seve n.

Art. ,+,. 2he rules in Ch pt e r , here of sh ll lso !over n su m m r y pro' e e di n ! s unde r this Ch pt e r insof r s the y re ppli' bl e. *nCh pt e r 4. Other & tter s >ub(e't to >um m r y Pro'e e di n ! s Art. ,+1. 2he fore!oin! rules in Ch pt e r s , nd 1 her e of sh ll li3ewise !over n sum m r y pro' e e di n ! s filed und er Arti'les 4$, +$, 7;, 51, ;7, $,4 nd $,5, insof r s the y re ppli' ble. *n2I2.@ FII "INA. PROAI>ION> Art. ,+4. 2itles III, IA, A, AI, AIII, IF, FI, nd FA of Boo3 $ of Republi' A't No. 167, otherwis e 3nown s the Civil Code of the Philippine s, s me n d e d , nd Arti'les $5, $6, $;, ,5, ,6, ,;, 1:, 1$, 1;, 4:, 4$, nd 4, of Preside n ti l =e're e No. 7:1, otherwis e 3nown s the Child nd Houth <elf r e Code, s me n d e d , nd ll l ws, de'r e e s , e)e' u tiv e order s, pro'l m t i on s , rules nd re!ul tions , or p rts ther e of, in'onsist e n t here wit h re here b y repe l e d. Art. ,++. If ny provision of this Code is held inv lid, ll the other provisions not ffe't e d ther e b y sh ll re m i n v lid. Art. ,+7. 2his Code sh ll h ve retro ' tive effe't insof r s it does not pre(udi' e or imp ir vest e d or '%uir e d ri!hts in ''or d n ' e with the Civil Code or other l ws. Art. ,+5. 2his Code sh ll t 3e effe't one ye r fter the 'ompl e tion of its publi' tion in news p p e r of !en e r l 'ir'ul tion, s 'ertified by the @)e'utive >e're t r y, Offi'e of the