PhD Thesis Guide for Quantitative data analysis Typically, quantitative survey or other types of data will be analyzed

using regression analyses in social sciences. To systematically analyze data, start with one variable at a time and work your way up from there. For any data manipulation, use the log file in SPSS or do file in Stata to keep track of your actions. Save a raw data file before you begin so that you can use it if you make a mistake. Keeping a record of your actions is handy because its something you can share with an adviser if you are having trouble and cant figure something out. Descriptive statistics: The first thing you should do is identify the mean, minimum, maximum, and standard deviation of your key variables. You should determine what your sample looks like. Bivariate relationships: After youve determined what each variable looks like on its own, start to test relationships between two variables. These can be correlations or simply cross tabulations. Cross tabulations are simply a summary of one variable by another variable. You can use more sophisticated techniques like a Chi-squared test to determine if these differences are real or statistical artefacts. A correlation takes things one step further by investigating if the variables are systematically related if an increase in value on one variable is related to an increase in value on the other. Multivariate relationships: The next step is to conduct regression analyses where you consider how more than two variables relate to one another. You should select a dependent variable (Y) and test how several independent variables (Xs) are related to it. Start with regression of your dependent variable on just one independent variable, and then add from there. You might add variables one at a time, or you might add groups of related variables at a time. When you add in multiple independent variables, you are testing each one controlling for or holding the others constant. When you put dummy variables into your models, you need to leave out one group as your reference category. Take help from a Dissertation Writers to keep a track of the data you collect and maintain other records. The specific analyses you employ will depend on your research question. These are basic models to get you started, and you should work with your adviser to identify what additional models are appropriate.

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