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Adult education ESOL instructors are all regularly. “Persistent” students, therefore,
too familiar with the ongoing ebb and flow of manage their language learning through self-
students who pass through their classrooms. directed study away from the ESL program
With attrition rates near 70% in many programs, when they must “stop out,” and return to class
an “examination of the process learners go when they are able.
through in deciding to stay or leave a program The challenge facing educators with
and the many factors that influence them” respect to this new perspective on student
(Garner, as quoted in Belzer 1998) are at the persistence is to find ways to:
core of much research and discussion on the
• h
elp students identify the negative forces that
topic of student persistence. This article offers
make it difficult for them to attend class;
some strategies that instructors can implement
in their programs to address the persistence of • p
rovide students with strategies to deal with
their students. But first, we will define student those negative forces so that they can stay in
persistence. school as long as possible;