UNIVERSITY OF THE EAST Recto, Manila MENDOZA, Ranielle Adrianne TTh 10:30 12:00pm CAS 502

Emilio Aguinaldo (1869 - 1964) He was 29 years old when he became Chief of State, first as head of the dictatorship he thought should be established upon his return to Cavite in May 1898 from voluntary exile in Hongkong, and then a month later as President of the Revolutionary Government that Apolinario Mabini had persuaded him should instead be instituted. Jose P. Laurel (1891 - 1939) Laurels controversial Presidency during the Japanese Occupation (1943 1945) overshadowed his achievements as legislator, jurist, writer, and administrator in the pre-war struggle for independence. He also became an associate justice of the Supreme Court. Manuel Roxas (1892 - 1948) The last president of the Philippine Commonwealth and the first president of the republic (1946 - 1948).

September 2, 2012

Manuel L. Quezon (1878-1944) He won the elections held in September 1935 to choose the head of the Commonwealth Government. It was a government made possible by the TydingsMcDuffie Law, which Quezon secured from the U.S. Quezon had emerged as the acknowledged leader of Philippine politics and possessed the kind of background and experience that appealed to Filipinos. Sergio Osmea, Sr. (1878 - 1961) He was elected Vice President of the Philippines in 1935 and succeeded Quezon to the Presidency in-exile. Osmena was a notable figure in the struggle for independence.

Elpidio Quirino (1890-1956) Being the Vice President, he took over the Presidency after Roxas death. And, he managed to retain the position after winning over Laurel in the infamous fraudtainted 1949 elections. Carlos P. Garcia (1896 - 1971) His election as Bohol representative to the National Assemblly in 1952 marked his entry into Philippine politics and public service one of the longest ever. He was again reelected as a representative. In 1931, he started the first of this three terms as governor of Bohol.

Ramon Magsaysay (1907 - 1957) He was largely famous for his success in the peace campaign. He defeated Quirino in the 1953 presidential elections by an unprecedented margin of votes. Popularly known as the guy, Magsaysay was born in Iba, Zambales. He took up mechanical engineering at UP but ended up with a commerce degree from Jose Rizal College.

Diosdado Macapagal (1910 - 1997)

He defeated Garcia in the presidential elections of November 14, 1961. Mapacagal who styled himself as the poor boy from Lubao (Pampanga) completed pre-law and Associate in Arts at UP; however, he was a law graduate of the University of Santo Tomas. He was the topnotcher of the Bar examinations in 1935.
Corazon Cojuangco Aquino (1933 - 2010) President of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992. With Salvador Laurel as running mate, she led the opposition that overthrew the authoritarian government of Marcos, who went into exile after the successful People's Power revolution of 1986. She first established a revolutionary government under the Freedom Constitution, later replaced by the Constitution of 1987, which served as the basis for reestablishing democracy. Joseph Estrada (1937 - ) President of the Philippines from 1998 to 2001. During his term in office, he was arrested and stood trial at a congressional impeachment hearing on charges of accepting bribes and corruption. While this trial was aborted when the senators voted 11 to 10 not to open incriminating evidence against him, he was ousted from power anyway as a peaceful People's Power II revolution arose and called for his resignation.

Ferdinand Marcos (1917 - 1989) Marcos entered politics with an eye to eventually capturing the presidency. In his maiden campaign in 1949, he said: Elect me your congressman now and Ill give you an Ilokano President in 20 years. He won that election and was returned thrice to Congress as Ilocos Nortes congressman. In 1959, he was elected to the Philippine Senate and in 1963, he became its president. Completing the presidential term in 1969, he won a reelection . In 1972, he declared martial law. The rest is history. Fidel V. Ramos (1928 - ) The Ramos administration has anchored its governance on the philosophy of People Empowerment as the engine to operationalize economic growth, social equity, and national solidarity. It is focusing on a five-point program: peace and stability; economic growth and sustainable development; energy and power generation; environmental protection; and a streamline democracy. Gloria MacapagalArroyo (1947 - ) She served as vice president under President Estrada and became president when he was forced to step down for malfeasance, through the People's Power II revolution. PGMA has confronted some of the same obstacles as did her father, President Diosdado Macapagal, when he tried to clean up corruption in government.