Smoking Is Good For You

SMOKING
IS
GOODFORYOU
By
DOCTORWILLIAMT.WHITBY
THISBOOK
. . .
. .
.COULDBEWORTHITSWEIGHTIN
GOLDTOYOUHEALTHWISE
. .
.EXPOSESTHEANTI-SMOKING
SCAREASTHEBIGLIEOFTHE
ZoTHCENTURY
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v
SMOKINGISGOOD
FORYOU
By
-DRWILLIAMT.WHITBY
'~ka
PublishedbyCommonSensePublications
rooOldSouthHeadRoad,BondiJunction,Sydney
CopyrightbyW .T .Whitby
TypesetbyFilmsetLimited,HongKong
PrintedbyYeeTinTongPrintingPress,HongKong
CONTENTS
Chapters
i -
.Anti - Smoki ng- Thenewreli gi on
WhyPeopleSmoke
WhySmoki ngi sGoodforYou
WhyPeopleareAgai nstSmoki ng
Persecuti onofsmokers
ModernDayPersecuti on
TheBogyofLungCancer
Bi gBrother'sCampai gn
TheNewCrusaders
TheSadFai lureoftheCampai gn
Tri ckerywi thStati sti cs
"Experts"
Anti csoftheAnti - Smokers
CanyouBeli eveaWordtheySay?
The"Passi veSmoki ng"Hoax
TheHeartBogy
Cancer- "Causes"Gal'ore
TheInnocenceofTobacco
TheCaseagai nstRadi oacti vi ty
SomeQuesti ons
Whatsmokersshoulddo
Conclusi on
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2SmokingisGoodforYou
claimedtoshowthatlungcancercasessmokemore .The
importantfact,thattheyseemtoignore,isthatmanypeople
withachestcomplaintsmokemorebecausetheyfindit
relievestheircough .Theyhavenovalidevidence,letalone
proof,forthetheory .Ratherwhatevidenceisavailablecould
meanthatsmokingcouldpreventsuchdiseasesaslung
cancerandheartdisease .
Ihaven'tspokenoutbeforebecauseIfeelthatstupidity
isthenorm.Weareallstupidinsomeways-somemore
thanothers
.Peoplewillbelieveanything .Thebiggerthe
liethemoreitwillbebelieved .Maniscalledathinking
animal,buthowillogicallyhethinks.Iftheloweranimals'
brainsperformedlikethistheywouldsoonallbeextinct .
However`nowthatthecampaignisinterferingwiththerights
andfreedomofthepeopleIthinkitistimetotakeastand
andexposethisquackeryforthehoaxthatitis
.
Itiscertainthattheselfappointed"experts"willresent
ahumble'generalpractitionerquestioningwhathasbecome
holywrit .ButIcouldnotbelessconcernedwiththeir
well-knownvindictivenessandcharacterassassination .
They'llprobably-quitefalsely-accusemeofowningshares
inatobaccocompanyorbeingintheirpayforcomingout
insupportofsTnoking .MyonlyreasonisthatIhatestupidity
and,knowingthewonderfuleffectthatsmokinghashadon
myownhealth,Iwantpeopleto'knowhowharmlessand
beneficialitreallyis .
Oneofthemostamazingthings,moreamazingeventhan
theacceptanceofthispreposteroustheory,isthespineless
acceptanceby .smokersofthebansandanticsoftheanti-
smokers..
Youmightwonderwhythesepeoplewouldconductsuch
anenormouslyexpensivecampaignonwhatis,compared
withotherdiseases,notthemajoraspectofpeople'shealth
.
Peoplewhoshouldknowtellusthatthecampaignwas
deliberatelypromotedtotakethepublic's-attentionoff
radio-activitywhich,inspiteofstrongattemptstohushit
up,hasnowbeenshownbyleadingscientiststobethemajor
causeoflungcancer .
WHYPEOPLESMOKE
Whydopeoplesmoke?Theansweria,"Becausethey
enjoyit"
.Thiscouldbethesecretoftheoppositiontoit
becausemany'peculiarpeopleareagainstpeopleenjoying
anything .
Peoplewould'hardlysmokeiftheydidn'tenjoyitorfeel
thatitdidthemgood .Fromtimeimmemorialtheyhave
beenenjoyingtobacco
.IntheAmericas,ofcourse,tobacco
wassmokedforcountlessages
.IntheWesternworld,before
tobaccowasintroduced,mankindhadbeensmokingherbs
ofvariouskindslongbeforethedawnofhistory .Poetshave
sungtobacco'spraises .Brilliantmenhavebeenaidedbyit
togivetheworldgreatliteratureandscientificdiscoveries .
SomefamousmenwhosmokedwereEinstein,Freud,
Thackeray,Darwin,RobertLouisStevenson ;Zola,Chur-
chill,Roosevelt,KingEdwardVII,KingEdwardVIII
(laterDukeofWindsor)-anditisworthnotingthatthey
alllivedtoagoodoldage .
Thackeraywrote,"Ivowanddeclarethatthecigarhas
beenoneofthegreatestcreaturecomfortsofmylife-a~~
kindcompanion,agentlestimulantandanamiableanodyne,C~
acementeroffriendship" .BishopMoorhouseofManchesterI`
said,"Ismoke,andIamabetterChristianfordoingit" .
CharlesKingsleywrotein"WestwardHo","TobaccoIaN'
loneman'scompanion,abachelor'sfriend,ahungryman'sr
:
food,asadman'scordial,awakefulman'ssleep,andachilly
man's
.fire . .
.there'snoherblikeitunderthecanopyof
heaven" .
GeneralPershing,CommanderoftheU
.S.WorldWa~I
forcesinFrance,cabledtotheSecretaryofWarinWashing-
ton,"Youaskmewhatweneedtowinthiswar
.Ianswer
you,tobacco-asmuchasbullets
.Tobaccoisasnecessary
asfood
.Weneedathousandtonsatonce"
.TheSecretary
ofWarsaid,"Tobaccohasestablisheditsclaimtoarecog-
nisedp laceinthesoldier' slife .Tomenenduringhardship
tobaccofillsaneednothingelsecansatisfy" .General
DouglasMcArthurinWorldWarIIsaid"Moneycollected
forthewareffortshouldbeusedtop urchasecigarettes" .
Overthecenturiestobaccop layedanimp ortantp artin
thesociallifeofmostcountries
.Peop lethoughtnothing
couldbemorep leasantthantalkinginacoffeehouseor
tavernwiththeirp ip es .Womentoosmokedforhundredsof
years .Amongthep easantsofmanycountriesitwas,and
stillis,commontoseethewomenfolkwiththeirclayp ip es
.
InseventeenthcenturyEnglandschoolteachersencouraged
childrentotaketheirp ip esandtobaccotoschool .Inmany
fareasterncountriestodaywomensmokecigars.Eventhe
childrensmokeandeverybodythinksitisagoodthing
.
DrC.Y.C;aldwellwroteintheBritishINAed .icalJ ournalof
26February1977thattheSemaip eop leofMalaysiastart
smokingattheageoftwowhentheygiveup breastfeeding .
Itisasortofweaning
.Thentheycontinuetosmokealltheir
lives .
Peop leofallagesandcountrieshavefoundsmoking
enjoyableandbeneficial .Isthewisdomoftheagestobe
thrownintothetrashcanatthebehestoftheanti-smoking
militants7
WHYSMOKINGISGOOD
FORYOU
Sayingthatsmokingisbeneficialwillcausesomeofthe
anti-smokingleaderstojustabouthaveaseizure . Well, that
can' tbehelp ed, foritisthetruth .
Inmymedicalp racticep atientsfrequentlytoldmethat
smokingrelievedtheircoughs . Becausethiswascontrary
towhatthetextbooks~andthelecturerssaid, Iatfirstthought
theyjustimaginedit . ButasitcontinuedovertheyearsI
begantowonderifthereweresomethinginit . Myown
exp eriencewithsmokingshowedmejusthowrightthey
were . FromchildhoodIhadahistoryofbronchitisaccom-
p aniedbymarkedwheezing
. Iwaswarnedbydoctorsnotto
smoke . InmylatethirtiesIgotsuchfrequentdisabling
attacks, sometimeswithp neumonia, thattheyseriously
interferedwithmyworkandmadeliferatherdistressing
.
Anoldcountrydoctorsaidtomeoneday, "Iusedtobelike
you
. Thensomeonep utmeontothesecret-takeup the
p ip e
. IdidandI' venever . beenbetter" .
Ihadneversmokedbecause-ofwarningsfromchest
"exp erts"butrememberingmyp atients' claims, Itookthe
olddoctor' sadvice . Thechangeinmyhealthwasmiraculous .
IntheyearssinceItookup smokingmychesttroubleshave
beenfew
. I' msureIwouldhavebeendeadlongagoifI
hadn' tsmoked . WhenIhear"exp erts"talkingorIreadtext
booksdecryingsmokinginchestconditions, Ijustsmileto
myselfandthinkhowlittletheyknow .
ThiscertainlybearsouttheclaimoftheNorthAmerican
Indianswhotoldtheearlyexp lorerstheysmokedtoease
theircoughs
. Butwho' dtakenoticeof"savages", evenif
theywereonlytellingwhattheyobserved?Musttheirwise
p racticesbescornedbecausetheywerenotcivilisedlikethe
Europ eanconquerors?LikethemIhavefoundthatwhenI
getacough, smokingwilleaseit . _
Havingpersonallyexperiencedthegreatreliefthat
smokinggivestobronchitis,Ifeltitwasmydutytohelp
others
.OverthepastfewyearsinsuitablecasesIhavebeen
advisingbronchiticandasthmaticpatientstotrysmoking
.
Inmostcasestheresultshavebeenstrikinglysuccessfuland
thesufferershavebeenmostgrateful
.Sinceitischronic
bronchitisthatprobablyleadstolungcancer,itseemsonly
reasonablethatbyprotectingthelungsinthisway,smoking
will_preventlungcancer
.
OverthepastfewyearsIhavemetquiteafewdoctors
whoalsohavefoundhowsmokinghelpstheircoughsand
thecoughsoftheirpatients
.Oneofthemtoldmehehad
writtenalettertoamedicaljournalaboutitbut,ashe
expected,itwasnotpublished.
WhenIwasyoungdoctorsoftenprescribedsmokingfor
thereliefofasthma,butthesedaysthishasgoneoutof
fashion
.ItisinterestingtoreadareportfromDrF
.E .de
W
.CayleyoftheBrightonChestClinic,E ngland,inthe
BritishMedicalJournal(i4)i
.78)inwhichhesaid,"Ithas
becomeapparentthattype3allergyiscommonerinrlon-
smokersanditisthoughtthattheeffectofsmokingmay'
produceaprotectiveliningofmucussothattheallergen
doesnotreachthebronchialmucosa
.Ihaveseentwo,
patientsthismonthwhodevelopedtypeiallergyassoonas
theygaveupsmoking
.Shouldwethereforeencourageour
asthmaticpatientstosmoke?Manychronicbronchitic
patientsfindthatthefirstcigaretteofthedayclearstheir
lungsandgetsridofalltheirsputumandtheyarefreefor
thenextfewhours"
:
Criticismoftobaccomustbemystifyingtothemillions
ofcentralandsouthAmericanIndianswhoregarditasa
giftfromthegods
.Theysmokedprobablyforthousandsof
yearsenjoyingitshealth-givingvirtues,beforepassingiton
totheWesternworld
.Itmustbeequallymystifyingtothe
millionsofIndonesia,Burma,thePhilippines,andneigh-
bouringcountries,menandwomen,youngandold,whoare
amongtheworld'sgreatestsmokers,andtothelong-lived
RussianGeorgians
.AlsotothecountlesspeopleintheArab

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inw h ic h t ob a c c op l a y sa b e ne fic ia l p a rt , t h a t is, inre l ie v ing
ne rv ousst re ss .Ina p e rsonunde rc onst a nt st re ss, t h e e xc e ss
se c re t ionofe p ine p h rine ora dre na l inist ie dt oc h ol e st e rol
e xc e ss, a c c ordingt ob ioc h e mist s, a ndc h ol e st e rol ist ie dt o
h e a rt dise a se
.Sinc e t h isst re ssist h e b igkil l e rinh e a rt
dise a se , c ount l e ssnumb e rsofsmoke rsre l ie v e t h e st re ssa nd
soe sc a p e c orona ry a t t a c ks .
It h a sb e e nsh ow nt h a t t h e re a re a ge nt sp re se nt int ob a c c o
smoke t h a t p re v e nt c a nc e r .Th e w orkofDrWe iss, w h ic h I
sh a l l me nt ionl a t e r, b e a rst h isout .
One unde nia b l e b e ne fit ofsmokingist h a t it t e ndst o
p re v e nt ob e sit y , w h ic h isc ommonl y foundinp e op l e w it h
h igh b l oodp re ssure a ndh e a rt dise a se .Th e ol dsa y ingis,
"Th e sh ort e rt h e w a ist l ine t h e l onge rt h e l ife l ine " .How
ma ny p e op l e h a v e die d, a ndw il l die , fromt h e e ffe c t sof
ob e sit y a ft e rquit t ingsmoking?Comp a re dw it h t h e mil l ions
w h odie fromov e r-e a t ingt h e numb e rofp e op l e w h odie
froml ungc a nc e rmust b e infinit e sima l l y sma l l .
Al l t h e a b ov e indic a t e st h a t smoke rsa re ge ne ra l l y more
h e a l t h y a ndt e ndt ol iv e l onge r
.Profe ssorSt e rl ing, t h e
fa mousst a t ist ic ia n, quot e sfigure ssup p l ie db y t h e U .S .
gov e rnme nt 'sNa t iona l Ce nt e rforHe a l t h St a t ist ic s(1967)
w h ic h sh ow t h a t e x-smoke rsh a dmore dise a se st h a nc urre nt
h e a v y smoke rs .
Th e fa mousp sy c h ia t rist , Wa l t e rNie nninge roft h e
Me nninge rBounda t ioriofKa nsa s, w h oisa non-smoke r,
w rot e , "Ce rt a inindiv idua l sma y l iv e l onge rb e c a use t h e y
smoke -b e c a use it re l e a se st h e irt e nsions" .
DrCh rist ia nBa rna rd, t h e fa moush e a rt t ra nsp l a nt *sur-~
ge on, t h inkssoh igh l y oft h e v irt ue soft ob a c c ot h a t h e e )
a dv ise dh isda ugh t e rt ot a ke up c iga re t t e smoking .Sh e w a s~
ov e rw e igh t a ndl ost 18kil ogra msinsixmont h s
.~
Ap a rt fromt h e p h y sic a l side , smoke rsh a v e de sc rib e dov e r01,
t h e c e nt urie sh ow t ob a c c oga v e t h e ma fe e l ingofw e l l -b e ing, s, o
b a nish e dgl ooma ndde p re ssiona ndge ne ra l l y ma de l ife ~
w ort h l iv ing.Ev e nt h e U
.S
.Surge on-Ge ne ra l 's-c ommit t e e
onsmokingb e grudgingl y a dmit st h is .
Worl da ut h orit ie sonp h a rma c ol ogy a ndp sy c h ol ogy .st a t e
WhySmokingisGoodforYou9
t ha t nic ot ine :
, R .e duc e st e nsionint he a git a t e d
.
0Improve sc onc e nt ra t ioninpe riodsofst re ss, pa rt ic ula rly
prolonge dst re ss .
*Sa t isfie sa ne e dinpe ople whose t e mpe ra me nt ma ke s
t he mmore susc e pt ible t ha not he rst oe mot iona la rousa l
.
In197oa st udybyt he Swe dishMe dic a lR e se a rc hCounc il
prove dt ha t smokingc ount e ra c t st he de c re a se ine ffic ie nc y
t ha t t ypic a llyoc c ursinboring, monot onoussit ua t ions .A lso
in1972t he ye st a blishe dt ha t smoke rsimprove t he irpe r-
forma nc e inc hoic e sit ua t ions
.
" .I'he Fre nc hNa t iona lA ssoc ia t ionforHighwa ySa fe t y
prove dt ha t smoke rswe re more vigila nt drive rst ha nnon-
smoke rsove rlongpe riods
.Thiswa sc onfirme din1967by
Unive rsit yofSout hDa kot a worke rswhoshowe dt ha t during
a sixhourdrivingt e st non-smoke rsbe c a me more a ggre ssive
t ha nsmoke rs .I
Hut c hisona ndEmlyofMic higa nin1972re port e d
e xpe rime nt sprovingt ha t nic ot ine re duc e st he a ggre ssive ne ss,
host ilit ya ndirrit a bilit yofmonke ysa ndhuma nbe ings
; -a nd
t ha t nic ot ine he lpsra t sa ndmonke ysc ope wit hfe a ra nd
a nxie t y .'
The U .S .Surge onGe ne ra l'sre port of1964a dmit st ha t
e xpe rime nt a la ndc linic a le vide nc e c onfirmst he popula r
vie wt ha t smokingre duc e st he a ppe t it e
.Thussmoking
re duc e st he inc ide nc e ofobe sit ya ndt he mort a lit ya ssoc ia t e d
wit hit .
DrR a yFulle rofTrinit yColle ge , Dublin, re port e d(1975)
t ha t nic ot ine de c re a se s, t he se nsit ivit yt oe le c t ric shoc ksa nd
t ha t wit hgre a t e rle ve lsofnic ot ine st illhighe rle ve ls, ofshoc k
c a nbe t ole ra t e d, sugge st ingt ha t nic ot ine inc re a se sour
a bilit yt owit hst a ndpa in .
A st udybyDrF .Gynt e lbe rgofCope nha ge npublishe d
inA pril1974showe dbroa dlyt ha t pe ople smokingupt o
t e nc iga re t t e sa da y-c a nt a ke ine ve n'more oxyge nduring
e xe rc ise t ha nnon-smoke rs .Thiswouldindic a t e t ha t smoke rs
a re fit t e ra t hle t e st ha nnon-smoke rs .
Profe ssorJ .H
.BurnofOxfordwrot e in" Ne w'Sc ie nt ist " ,
toSmokingisGoodforYou
April1967,"Nicotineproduceshighlydesirableeffectsupon
thebrain"
.Hegoesontosaythatexperimentstotestthe
learningcapacityofratsafterinjectionsofnicotine,showed
animprovedperformance,paralleltotheeffectofcigarette
smokinginman,wherebyheisabletoconcentratemore
effectivelyonwork,eithermentalorphysical,whichrequires
attentionoveraperiodoftime
.Hefurtherreportedthat
fromexperimentswithanimalshefoundthatnicotine
increasesthewilltosucceedwhenfacedbytheneedto
accomplishsomedemandingtask .
Heconcludesbysaying,"Thereisagrowingbodyof
experimentalevidencetosupporttheimpressionthat
smokingcaninducetranquilityorincreaseefficiency,
accordingtocircumstances"
.
Ihavefoundthatsmokersaregenerallyhappyand
contentedpeople
.Ifeelthattheyarelesslikelytocommit
suicidethannon-smokers .
Oneofthebestexamplesofthebenefitsofsmokingthat
Icangiveisalsoapersonalone
.SomeyearsagoIdecided
tobecomeabarrister,justfortheinterestinstudyinglaw
.
Iwasstruckbytheamazingdifferencethatsmokingmade
tostudy
.WhenIstudiedmedicine,becauseofwarnirigs
fromchestspecialistsIwasanon-smoker
.WhenIstudied
lawIwasasmoker
.Ifounditsomucheasier,inspiteofa
busypractice,tostudy,toconcentrate,andtoremember,
thatIpassedtheexaminationswithhighpassesinarecord
time
.HowIwishedthatI'dsmokedwhenstudyingmedi-
cine
.I'mcertainIwouldhavefounditsomucheasier
.IP Q
regardthisasanexperimentshowingthebenefitoftobacco
.t
.n
Themainvirtueoftobaccooverothertypesofrelaxants
isitsharmlessness
.Comparedwithalcohol,evenifitwere,
."
harmful(andIamsureitisnot)itwouldbeonlyaveryrI,-O'
minoroffender
.Howmanyhavebeenkilledbydriversundert7-
.
theinfluenceoftobacco?Howmanyhomesandliveshave0
beenwreckedbyit?Howmanyhavebeenarrestedbecause
theywere,undertheinfluenceoftobacco?Howmanyhave
beentreatedinpsychiatricwards?Yettherehasbeenno
seriouscallforbansondrinkingorT
.V .adsforalcohol .
Sowhypickonpooroldtobacco?Iamnotagainstalcohol
althoughIdetest-alcoholics .
WhySmokingisGoodforYouii
Facedwiththeknownbenefitsofsmokingandthe
nebulousandimaginarydangersofsmoking,Iknowwhat
mychoicewouldbe .
Ibelievethatmillionsofpeoplewouldnotbealivetoday
iftheyhadnotsmoked
. Itprotectscountlessnumbersfrom
coronaryheartattacks . Itrelieveschesttroubles . Ifpeople
smokedmoretheywouldbehealthierandhappierandlive
longer. Ihavenohesitationinrecommendingitasahealth
measure.
WHYPEOPLEARE
AVAIl1S1SMOKING
Smokersdon'tobjecttopeoplewhodon'tsmoke,butthe
converseisnotalwaystrue
.Manynon-smokersdonotmind
peoplesmoking,butunfortunatelymostdo .Theseanti-
smokersmaybeplacedinseveralcategories
.Thereare
peoplewho,whiledislikingit,arenotactivelyagainstit,
sincetheyrecognisetherightsofothers .Therearepeople
whoactivelyhateitandtrytostopit .Someoftheseare
purelypuritans,havingareligiousbias .Somearepsy-
chological(orpsychotic)haters .Allthesepeoplewould
stillbeagainstsmokingevenifthescientificworldpro-
nouncedtomorrowthatitwasabsolutelyharmless .Thenwe
havethelargesegmentofbrainwashedpeoplewhohave
fallenforthebigliethatsmokingisharmfultohealth,
convertsbeingtheworst .Agoodproportionaremilitant
campaigners,manynowbreakingthelawsofthelandby
paintingslogansonpropertyandalsocommittingassaults
onsmokers .Themostobnoxiousarethepaidcampaigners .
Manyofthesearehighlyeducatedpeople,oftenwitha
scientificbackground .Icannotbelievesomeofthemdo
'notrealisewhataliethewholethingis,oratleasthavesome
gravedoubts .
EversincetobaccowasfirstintroducedintotheWestern
world,somepeoplehavebeenagainstit .Whyisthis?Is
theresomekindofanatavistic,fear-fearofadreadedfire
god,forgotteninthemistsofthepastbutlingeringonina
folkmemory?Perhapsitisanassociationwiththedevilwho
dwellsinhellmidstfireandsmoke .
Someoftheobjectionisreligiousinorigin .Manyreligions
havetenetsagainstsmokingalthoughtherearenoneinthe
Christianteaching.Nonetheless,manyofitssectsare
rabidlyanti-tobacco .Thisireligiousoppositionprobably
stemsfromthewell-knownpracticeofseekingthe'favourof
WhyPeopleareAgainstSmoking13
thedeitybymakingasacrifice.Thesacrificecanbeyour
eldestson,orhisforeskin,oritcanbeasheeporgoat-or
itcanbeabstemptionfromsomethingyouenjoy,likefish
oralcoholortobacco .
Thesmelloftobaccocanbeoffensivetosomepeople,like
lotsofotherthings
.Thishasbeenrecognisedovertheyears
andbeenprovidedforbyseparatecompartmentsintrains
andelsewhere
.Thishasworkedwellupuntilnow,whenthe
fanaticswillnotevenagreetosmokinginseparatecom-
partments
.Howcannon-smokersbeaffectediftheyare
separated?Howunfaircanthesepeoplebe!Manypeople
findthattherearemuchworsesmellsemanatingfromhuman
beingsthantobacco
.I tisoftenpurgatorytositnearsomeone
withbadbreathorbodyodour
.Couldtobaccosmokebeas
bad?
Weshouldrealisethatthepresentcampaign,withallits
pseudo-scientifictrappings,isonlyaflare-upoftheepide-
micsofanti-smokingplaguesthathaveoccurredthroughout
history
.Thecampaignersarethesameoldtypeswho
broughtinprohibitionofalcohol
.Whattheywantnowis
totalprohibitionoftobacco .Theninstead
.ofrumrunning
we'llhavetobaccorunningwithmobsterscontrollingthe
wholescene.Theyhaven'tlearntathingfromthefailure
oftheirpredecessors .
WhenI wasatmedicalschoolwehadtheusualcollection
ofpuritansamongthestudents
.I tisinterestingtonotethat
manyofthesestudentsarenowamongthefrontranksof
theanti-smokingdoctors
.Tothemthesmoking-lungcancerCn
scaremusthavebeenverywelcome
.I donotbelievethe0
anti-smokingpuritansarereallyinterestedinthehealthof~
;
theirfellowmen
.Alltheyareinterestedinisinstopping,
. :
themfromindulgingintheharmlessandbeneficialhabitof~
smokingwhichtheyabhorbecauseoftheirmentalmake-up
.w
I tiswellknowntopsychologiststhatacertaintypeof~
personwillgetnogreaterpleasureout
.oflifethaninpre-
ventinghisfellowsfromdoingsomethingtheyenjoy
.I t
seemstobeallthis'typeofpersonlivesfor
.Theyenjoythe
senseofpowerthattheyget,apartfromthesatisfactionin
stoppingsomeone'senjoyment .Thesearesickpeople,
sufl'ering,
.accordingtothepsychiatrists,fromsomesexual
maladjustment .
ANewYorkpsychiatrist,SamuelV
.Dunkell,isrecorded
assayingthewholethingisastrugglebetweenmachoand
puritanimages.Headded"Whenpeoplestopsmokingitis
partofacalculatedcampaignofreformofthepersonality .
Theydoitlikeareformationinreligioustermsandthey
feelthattheyhavetoconvertothers" .
Adiscerningpsychologistsagelyobserved"It'snotthe
smokethatbothersthem,it'speoplesmoking"
.Theanticsoftheanti- smokingcampaignersprovidea
largefieldforstudybypsychiatristsandpsychologists .
"Lookdear,amansmoking
.Whatutterly,disgusting
habitssomepeoplehave
."
WhyPeopleareAgainstSmokingi'5
Theremustbematerialforhundredsofdoctoraltheses
.
Thetobaccoindustryisoftenaccusedofunfairlydepicting
thesmokerasahealthynormalathletictype
. B utisn'tthis
thetruth?Oneismorelikelytoseeasoldiersmokingthan
apansyboy
. Canyouimagineinsomefuturewarsoldiers
beingforbiddentosmoke?ItwouldbethedownfallofB ig
B rother .
- - - - _ _ - - . ~_ ~
"Comeawaynow,sister . It` stimetobotherthesmokers . "
tbSmokingisGoodforYou
Convertsfromsmoking,likeconvertsofanykind,arethe
mostfanatical .Sanctimoniously,likerepentantsinnersata
revivalistmeeting,theysay,"Ihavegivenitup .Whycan't
you?"Whattheyreallymeanis"Iamnolongerenjoyingit .
Whyshouldyour"
Ihavehadtheopportunitytoexaminethesemilitant
fanaticsatclosequartersandhavefoundsomeofthemto
havesignsofmentalderangement .InfactIwouldhaveno
hesitationingivingsomeacertificateforadmissionfor
treatmentinamentalhospital .Manicdepressivetypescan
beseenwhowillprobablydevelopintoviolentmaniacsas
hasrecentlyhappened
.Amantriedtocrashhistruck
throughthegatesoftheWhiteHousetowarnthePresident
about"poison"fromcigarettes .InLosAngelesayoungman
heldahostageatgunpointonthetopofaskyscraperfortwo
andahalfhours"towarntheworldagainsttobacco"
.Other
criminalactsarebecomingcommon
.
Sowhenyoumeetamilitantanti-smokeraskyourselfif
hisoppositionisbasedonhisreligiousbackground,oris
hejustasickpersonsufferingfromsomeneurosisor
psychosisburieddeeplyinsomesexualhangup .Or,perhaps
betterstill,askhim .
PERSECUiIOl\OF
SMOKERS
Eversincetobaccowasintroducedintotheoldworldthere
havebeensporadiccampaignsagainstit,whichcontinue
rightdowntotoday .Manyofthesewerewagedbyreligious
groups,who"discovered"scripturalprohibitions .In1634
theChurchofRomeforbadeitsadherentstotaketobacco
inanyshapeorform .Severalpapalbullswereissuedover
theyears .TheGreekchurchpromulgatedadoctrinethatit
wastobaccosmokethatintoxicatedNoahandsocausedhis
naughtyconduct( ; tien .9 2 1) .In1661Berne,Switzerland,
passedalawagainsttobaccoascomingwithintheseventh
commandment(adultery) .
Allkindsoffantasticclaimsweremade .Reminiscentof
presentdayfanatics'claimswastheannouncementin166o
byanEnglishtobaccohaternamedCobbthat"fourpeople
havediedfromsmokinginaweek
.Oneofthemvoideda
bushelofsoot" .
Buteveninthosetimessmokerspuffedcalmlyon,
ignoringthefantasiesofthetobaccohaters .
Manykingsthunderedandthreatened .Althoughjustas
manywereloversoftheherb
.JamesI,whomhistory
suspectsofperversion,wasaprominenthater,evenwriting
abookontheevilsofsmoking .Thiswasansweredbythe
Jesuitswhoclaimedthatsmokingwasgoodforhealthand
morals .Jamestriedto~restrictthetobaccotradeto
.the
doctors,whoweregratefulforthislucrativeprivilege .
InEasterncountriesmanykingsoutlawedtobaccoand
inflictedthemostbarbarouspunishmentsonoffenders .
Smokerswerefirsttorturedandtheneitherbeheadedor
burntalive .In1615ShahAbbasofPersiahadatobacco
sellerburntaliveonapyremadefromhisstockoftobacco
.
Later,inamomentofidlecuriosityhetriedapipeof
tobacco .Hewassopleasedthatheimmediatelyrepealedall
l a w sa ga inst it .
TheMogul Emperor,Jeha ngir,w how a sa nopiuma ddict ,
orderedt heinfl ict ingoft hedea t hpena l t yinva riousforms
forsmoking. But noobject ionw a st na det ot heuseof
opiumofcourse .
Sha hSefiofPersia w a sa virt uosoinpunishment s . He
a dopt edt heha ppypra ct iceofpouringmol t enl ea ddow nt he
t hroa t sofsmokers .
In1634t heCza rofRussia ordereda compl et eba non
t oba cco . Fort hefirst offencew hippingw a sprescribed. For
t hesecond,t ort ure,exil et oSiberia ordea t h . Peopl ew ho
snuffedt oba ccoha dt heirnosescut off . In1700Pet ert he
Grea t t rieda pipeforhimsel f. Heenjoyedit somuchhe
revokeda l l Russia nl a w sa ga inst t oba cco . In1724Pope
Benedict XIIIdidl ikew isea ndrevokeda l l pa pa l bul l s .
Ot herkingsorderedt ha t smokers'pipesbeforcibl yt hrust
st emfirst t hrought heirnoses . But event heseha rshpena l t ies
didnot st oppeopl eenjoyingt heirfriendt oba cco .
Int heEa st erncount ries,w hil et oba ccosmokersw ere
subject edt osuchhorribl epunishment s,smokingofha shish
orpot w a sa l l ow ed,event het a kingofopium . Now t ha t
government commit t eesinsomecount riesha verecom-
mendedt ha t pot bedecrimina l ised,t hew heel ha st urned
ful l circl e .
"Why can't we do that?"
Persecution of smokers i9
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inMarch1976,"Come .Letuspickonsmokers .I tisagood
healthysport" .W hatacenturyw eliv ein!
I nthemedicalw orldthepersecutionisw orstofall .Young
doctorsdarenotsmokeforfearofoffendingtheirseniors .
Andstudentsw ouldberunningagrav eriskofbeinginthe
examiner'sblackbookifhew ere,asheusuallyis,ananti-
smoker.I 'llgiv eanillustrationofhow farthingsgo .I w as
intheofficeofafamousspecialistinoneofLondon's
hospitals,w henhisassistantcameinandremindedhimthat
adecisionhadtobemadeonchoosiiigayounggraduateto
behisresident .Thechiefaskedw hothelikelycandidates
w ere .Theassistantsaid"SmithandJones .Theyareequally
goodanditw ouldbehardtochoose ."Thechiefasked,"Do
theysmoke?"OnbeingtoldthatJonesdidandSmithdidn't
hesaid,"I 'llhav eSmith"
.Theluckymanw ouldbecomethe
chief'ssuccessorinduetime
.Theunluckyonew ouldspend
therestofhisdaysinthedoldrumsaofmedicine .I know
manydoctorsw hosupportmystandbuttheydarenot
speakoutbeliev ing(how rightly)theyw illbev ictimisedin
theircareers
.Butiftheyhav en'tthecouragetostandupand
speakouttheyw illfindthatnotonlyw illtheyev entuallybe
unabletogettobaccobutprobablyalsofindtheirScotch
banned .Tobaccotoday .Alcoholtomorrow !
Theattitudeofmostdoctorstotheir'patientsisbecoming
quitelaughable
.Likelittlegodstheybullytheirpatients-
oftenquiterudely .Manyev enrefusetoseepatientsagain
iftheydon'tgiv eupsmoking .Theyv eryoftenembarrass
thembysmellingtheirbreathstoseeifthey .candetectthe
faintestsmelloftobacco .Nursesareoftenjustasbad .I
recentlydheardofsomeoldfirstw arnurses,w how ere
accustomedtosmokingfor6oyearsormore,hav ingtocreep
intothetoiletsoftheirv eterans'homeinordertohav ea
cigarette,forfearoffthenursingstaff
.Justw hatharmcould
smokingdotheseoldladiesintheireighties?I hav ejustread
areportthatsmokinghasbeen-bannedinpublictoiletsin
Minnesota
.Dothepolicekeeppeopleunderobserv ation
w hilsttheyareinthetoilets?
Theblackesthourin-theU .S .campaignw asw henthe
?5fl1112642
ModernDayPersecution23
"IthinkIcansmellsomething .
rChicagopolicewereorderedtoarrestsmokersonthepublic
transitsystem . Mostpeoplewereunawaretheywerebreaking
anylaw,andwereincredulouswhenarrested . Somethought
thepolicewerehavingsomesortofjoke. Manywomenwho
protestedweredraggedscreamingtojail
. Therewasno
questionofjusttakingnamesandaddressesandissuinga
ticketasforparkingoffences . No. Likedesperatecriminals
theyhadtobetakentojail . Thosewhohadenoughmoney
withthemwereallowedbail,butmany . who
. hadn'thadto
stayinjailuntiltheyappearedincourt. Onewoman,ona
shopping-expedition,wasonherwayhometowelcomethe
childrenhomefromschool . Thekidswonderedwhere
`mom'was
. Shespentthenightinjail . Thishappenedina
countrywhichcallsitselfenlightened-theLand-,ofthe
Free. Thepeopleof`RussiaandChinamustjustabout

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THEBOGYOF
LUNGCANCER
OnfirsthearingthereportoftheRoyalCollegeofPhysi-
cianstheaveragesmokerisstunnedandisreadytothrow
awayhiscigarettes,sodeadlyisthescaremadetosound .
Butifheisapersonofaboveaveragecommonsense,he
willhavesecondthoughtsandtakeanotherlook
.
Fromthewaythecampaignerstalkonewouldthinkthat
justabouteverysecondpersoninthecommunitygetslung
cancer
. ButeventheCollegeinitsreport(thoughthisis
notmentionedbythecampaigners)says,"On1yaminority
ofeventheheaviestsmokersgetlungcancer",and,"Most
smokerssuffernoimpairmentofhealthorshorteningoflife" .
Inactualfact,comparedwithotherdiseasesitisrare . Your
chanceofgettingitislessthanbeinghitbyanautomobile .
Weshouldrealisetoothatmostpeoplewhogetitareover
6oyearsold .
Fromtimetotimeoverthepastthreehundredyears
smokinghasbeendenouncedwithoutanyproofasbeing
harmful . Thishasoccurredinwaves . Ahundredyearsago,
longbeforethelungcancerscare,thepagesofmedical
journalswerefilledwithlettersforandagainstsmoking
. Itis
notanewthingforsmokingtobethewhippingboyof
medicine .
Whatistheircasethistime? Itisbasedpurelyonstatistics
andweknowhowmisleadingtheycanbe
. Onemightask
whytheydidn'tcollectstatisticsforothersuspectedcar-
cinogenic(cancercausing)agentsinsteadofjustsinglingout
theoldfavouritesuspect . EventhefamousDrpoll,'who
firstclaimedacorrelationbetweensmokingandlungcancer,
pointedoutthatsmokingwasnottheonlymajorcause
. With
typicallackofcandourthecampaignersomittomention
this
. Tothemsmokingistheonlycause . However,aswe
shallsee,itdoesnotappeartobeacauseatall
. Canonebe
k
26Smok ingisGoodforYou
excusedforask ingwhytheyhaven'tbeenabletoinduce
authenticlungcancerinlaboratoryanimals?Afterall,the
acceptedcarcinogenicagentsproducethismosteasily .But
nottobacco .
Sincethemedicalworld,inspiteofthemanywonderful
advances,isstillinastateofdark nessregardingcancerand
itscause,itisreallypresumptiousofanyonetosaythatsome
onethingisthecause
.Therearemanysuggestedagents,
notablyradio-activityandsmog.I thasbeenpointedoutthat
lungcancerwasrarebeforethesebecamesoprevalent
.I n
manycountriescompulsoryx-rays,aformofradio-activity,
were-carriedoutonthepublicannually
.I twasn'tuntilsome
scientistsprovidedepidemiologicaldataimplicatingthese
x-raysincausingcancerthatthepracticehaslargelyfaded
out
.Howmanylungcancerswerecausedbythesex-rays?
Wemustrememberthatlungcancerarisesirithepartofthe
bodysubjectedtothesecompulsoryx-rays
.I nadditionto
thisthereareallsortsofgasesandpoisonsbeingreleasedinto
theenvironment,manyofthemprovencancercausers .There
aresomanylik elyagents,butno,thepuritanssay,itis
smok ing,somethingthathasbeenusedforcenturieswithout
anyapparentharm.Cancermaynotbeduetoanyexternal
agentatall .ProfessorR .BurchoftheUniversityofLeedsis
oftheopinionthatlungcancerisduetospontaneousmuta-
tionsintissuecellsandhasnothingtodowithsmok ing
.
Whycan'tthemedicalk now-it-alls'bealittlemodestand
honestandadmitthattheyareinthedark aboutcancer?
Nodoubttherewillbeabreak throughbeforelongand
someonewilldiscoverthemechanismsofitscause,andits
curemadesimplelik ehavingashotofpenicillin .Untilthat
dayallwecandoisguess .Andthisiswhatthesmok ing
hypothesisis,aguess-andmany .leadingscientistssay,a
badguess.
Foratheorytobeacceptedscientifically,ithastobe
provedinaccordancewithrigorousscientificrequirements .
Firstlythesuspectedagentmustbeisolated,and-then,when
used.-inlaboratoryexperiments,theidenticaldiseaseitis
allegedtocausemustbereproduced .Thistheanti-smok ers
2501112646
TheBogyofLungCancer2
. 7
havecompletelyfailedtodo,eventhoughcountlessexperi-
mentshavebeencarriedoutformanyyears . I nspiteofall
this,thesepeoplehavenohestitationinsayingthattheir
theoryhasbeen"proved"
. Realscientistsmustlaughwhen
doctorsspeakofmedical"science" .
Manypeople,whoareperhapsnotclearthinkers,don't
realisethedistinctionbetweenevidenceandproof. They
oftenacceptacasenotrealisingthatevidenceitselfisnot
proof. ThisisLynchlaw
. I fevidencewereprooftherewould
benoneedforajurytodecideiftheevidenceamountedto
proof. Theonlyevidence(ifyoucancallitevidence)that
theanti-smokershaveisastatisticalrelationshipwhich
theyclaimtendstoshowthatlungcancerpatientssmoke
more. I twouldbesurprisingiftheydidn'tbecausemany
peoplewithalungconditiontendtosmoketoeasethecough .
Acourtofsciencewouldthrowtheircaseoutthedoor
.
Evenacourtoflaw,wherethestandardofproofisnotso
high,wouldthrowitoutverysmartly,nodoubtwithacid
remarksfromthejudge,whowouldnotevenallowittogo
tothejury
.
Someremarks-fromscientistsofreputeshowingthe
falsenessofthetheorymaybeofinterest .
ProfessorM
. B . Rosenblatt,New . YorkMedicalCollege
said,"I tisfancifulextrapolation-notfactualdata . "Healso
said,"Theunscientificwayinwhichthestudywasmade
bothersusmost . Thecommitteeagreedfirstthatsmoking
causeslungcancerandthentheysetouttoproveitstatist-
ically. "_
W. C
. Hueper,formerHeadoftheNationalCancer
lnstituteofSwitzerland,-"Scientifica
. llyunsoundand
sociallyirresponsible" .
ProfessorR
. Burch,UniversityofLeeds,-"Linkingof
smQkingandlungcancerisduetoelementarylapsesin
scientificlogic
. Theirexcessivezealleadstomethodological
shortcuts,spuriousarguments,prematureconclusionsand
sacrificeofthetruth
. Smokinghasnoroleinlungcancer. "
SirRonaldFisher(anon-smoker)-"Thetheorywill
eventuallyberegardectasacatastrophicandconspicuous
howler" .
DrR. H . Mole(1z977)BritishMedicalResearchCouncil-
"'Evidenceinuraniumminerspermitstheexclusionof
smokingasamajorcausalagent" .
DrRonaldOkun,DirectorofClinicalPathology,Los
Angeles,-"AsascientistI#indnopersuasiveevidencethat
cigarettesmokingcauseslungcancer. (Congressional
Committee) .
ProfessorCharlesH . Hine,UniversityofCalifornia,-
"Afteryearsofintensiveresearchnocompoundincigarette
smokehasbeenestablishedasahealthhazard" .
DrB . '. S . Dijkstra(1977),UniversityofPretoria-"The
`naturalexperiment'(referringtoriseinlungcancerwhen
peoplesmokedlessjshowsconclusivelythatthehypothesis
hastobeabandoned" .
DrHiramLangston,ProfessorofSurgery,Universityof
Illinois,says,"Inadditiontoclinicalobservationsrefuting
thehypothesis,thereexistsstrongevidencethatlungcancer
hascrestedandisturningdown . Thustheriseandfallof
thisdiseaseisabiologicalphenomenonratherthanacon-
sequenceofanyactiononourpart" .
Fearisthekeytothewholecampaign . Manydoctors
themselveshavebeenscaredintostopping-smoking
. Natu-
rallytheyarehostiletothQsewhodon'tgiveupandgoon
enjoyingthepleasuretheyhavedeniedthemselves
. The
campaignersclaimthatioo,ooodoctorshavegivenup
smoking. Itisworthnotingthattherehasbeennochange
inthedeathrateofdoctors .
Evenifthestatistics-arenotbiased,assomescientists
claim,itdoesn'tmeanathing . Itonlymeanswhatwealready
know,andwhatshouldn'tsurpriseusonebit,thatpeople
withchesttroublessmoketogetrelief .
iJIGBROTH. i. . i~S
CAMPAIGN
InthesixtiestheU . S . Governmentwasunderstrong
attackbytheanti-uraniumforces,asitstillis,becauseof
theeffectsofradiationonthehumanbody . Thegovernment
becameveryworriedindeedwhensomescientistsofnote
publishedreportsclaimingthatlungcancer,whichhadbeen
ratheruncommonearlier,wasbeingcausedbyradiation
fromatomictestsandpowerplants
. Itsownexpertssecretly
informedthegovernmentthattheyagreedwiththis . Now
thegovernmentwasinaspot . Withabigsectionofthe
publicalreadyupinarmsaboutradiationtheycouldn't
affordtheseadversereports . Ontheotherhand,inviewof
thethreatofattackfromRussiaandChinatheycouldn't
cutdownontheatomicweaponsprogram .
Inthemiddleofthisdilemmathegovernmenthadagreat
strokeofluck
. DoctorsDollandHillofEnglandpublished
areportinwhichtheyclaimedstatisticsshowedthatlung
cancerpatientsweremorelikelytobesmokersthannot .
(Thisreportwasbasedpurelyonstatistics,withnoother
evidence) . Herewasthegovernment'sbigchance . Itdidn't
hesitate . Itseizedonthistheoryinabigway
. DollandHill
spokemerelyof"correlation",thatis,relationship
. Without
anyhesitationthe'SurgeonGeneral'scommitteesubstituted
theword"causation"asbeingmorepositiveandofcourse,
morefear-inspiring . Theyhadnomedicalorscientific
groundswhateverforthisstep . Hadtheyinmindthe
maxim,"Thebiggerthelie,themorepeople-willbelieve
it?"Iamreliablyinformedbypeoplewhoshouldknowthat
acampaignwasdeliberatelylaunched,withtheaidofthe
healthdepartment,totaketheblameoffradiationandlay
itatthedooroftobacco . Noexpensewastobespared ;and
millionsandmillionsofdollarshavebeenspentononeof
thegreatestandmostdeceitfulcampaignsinhistory . A
, .~~
....._. .. ..
.
., _ ; ~. .. .. ..~
~
~
"
.
I fy out h inkt h isisrough w h a t w il l it b e l ike w h e nt h e y
findout t h a t it ' sra dio- a c t iv it y t h a t c a use s4 c ngc a nc e r
."
b l a c k
.c urt a inw a sdra w nov e rt h e h a rml e ssa ndb e ne fic ia l
pra c t ic e ofsmoking
.
Th e b e a ut y oft h e sc h e me ist h a t noone c a nprov e it
.
How c a nt h e y ?Gov e rnme nt sdon' t usua l l y l e a v e t h e mse l v e s
ope nt oe xposure
.But st il l t h ingsdol e a kout a ndnow a
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BigBrother'sCampaign33
of this .Mostof themseemtohavealogic-tightcompart-
mentinthebrainmakingitimpossiblef orthemtoquestion
thetheory .Manyof thembecomequiteenragedwhen
talkingof smoking-muchmoreenragedthanaboutalcohol
orheroin,themiseryof whichseemstoleavethemunmoved .
Peoplef inditdif f icultandextremelypainf ultogiveup
theirf avouritetheory .I tof tenmeanslossof f ace .Perhapsit
istheirunconsciousdoubtingof thetheorythatmakesthem
sobitter .Likethef lateartherstheyjustwon'tf acereality .
Realscientistsmustbeappalledwhendoctorswhoaccept
thisnonsenseref ertomedicineasascientif icdiscipline .
Whatclaimcanithavetobescientif icwhenI havebeen
abusedbymanyof themf ordaringtoaskf orscientif ic
proof ?Yes
.Thedoctorshavebeenbrainwashedlikethe
restof thepublic .
WehaveseenhowtheChineseinKoreaweresosuccessf ul
withtheirbrainwashing .Manyprisoners,whowereloyal
andreasonablyintelligentAmericans,wereindoctrinated
withanti-Americanviews .Theadvertisingindustryknows
thealmostunbelieveablepowerof -incessantlyrepeated
advertising .Theanti-smokershavelearnedf romallthis
andwehavethenever-endingcampaignwithitsadvertising,
itspamphletsandgovernmentorderedwarnings .
Whowouldhavebelievedonlyaf ewyearsagothatit
wouldbepossibletoconvertsuchnumbersinalmostevery
walkof lif e-doctors,judgesandpoliticians,andf illthem
,vithsuchintoleranceandpoison?Theextentof thebrain-
washingintheU .S
.hasamazedobservers,makingthem
askif theimmensepainstakingandskilf ulexercisewas
organisedbysomespecialagencysetupbythegovernment,
perhapsasanexperimentinmindbendingf ortimetocome
.
I f allthemillionsspentonthereatcamaihadbeen
- sentonrewerwouldh veacuref orcancer
toda
S urelythepeopleresponsiblef orthisdeceitf ulcampaign
shouldbepunished.I twillbeanevengreatercrimeif they
arenot .
THENEWCRUSADERS
Intheirfanaticalcampaigningthedo-goodersoutdothe
mosthot-gospellingsectsofthefundamentalreligionsof
today
.justasthefundamentalistsdependonthefearof
imaginaryhellfire,thezealotsdependonthefearofequally
imaginarybodilydiseasesofdirevarieties .Fearisthekey .
Thereisnodoubtabigsectionofthepublichasbeenupset
bytheharrowingscarestories .Recentlyawoman,acigarette
smoker,whowasexpectingherfirstbaby,heardatalkbya
campaigningdoctorwho,eventhoughthereisnovalid
evidence,predictedthatchildrenbornofsmokingmothers
wouldhaveallsortsofdefectsanddeformities .AnEnglish
studyin1958claimedahighermortalityrateamonginfants
bornofsmokingmothers
.B utseverallaterstudiesreported
therewasnodifference .Thepoorwomanwasinastateof
fearandworryforsomemonthsuntilaperfectlyhealthy
babywasborn .Surelylawsshouldbepassedtomakethis
sortofthingseverelypunishable .
AnattempthasbeenmadeinEnglandtogetpregnant
womentoquitsmokingbyascarethat15oobabiesdieayear
becauseofsmokingmothers .Statisticiansarequitehorrified
bythisunscientificclaim .Ithasbeenpointedoutthatlate
pregnancyisnotimetoplaceawomanundertheadditional
stressofgivingupsmoking .
Ithasbeenclaimedthatyoungpeoplearebeingscaredso
muchthattheyareby-passingcigarettes-formarihuana .A
drugsquadofficerrecentlygaveevidencebeforeagovern-
mentinquiryondrugsthatwhenitwasscarce-probablya
deliberately,ccausedscarcity-potsmokerswentontoheroin .
Itisworthnotingthattheincreaseindrugusehasgonehand
inhandwiththeanti-smokingcampaign .
Peoplewhohavebeenorderedoffsmokingbytheir
doctorsrungreathealthrisks .Itsometimescanbetant-
2501112654
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~~ ~ ~~ ~
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~ -
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~
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~ ~ ~
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~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~
~ ~~~ ~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~
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~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ~~~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~ ~ ~~
~~ ~~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~~ ~
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~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~~ ~~

~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~ ~~~ ~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~~~
thesakeofpreservingthemfromasingleevilwhichthe
enthusiastshappentoholdinspecialhorroranddislike
. B ut
freedomhasalwaysbeenmostpowerfullythreatened,not
byconsciencelesstyrants,butbythosewhodesperatelywish
todousgood"
.
Thecampaignismainlyrunbysalarieddoctors,especially
ofgovernmenthealthdepartments,doctorswhowittinglyor
unwittingly,areworkingtobringfreedoctorsunderthe
controlofB igB rother
. Cantheyreallybesurprisedifmany
freedoctorsheartilydespiseanddetestthemandtreatwhat
theysaywithgreatsuspicion?
0
THESADFAIA.rUREOF
THECAMPAIGN\
Withallthemulti-milliondollargovernmentbackingthe
campaignershavetofacethesadfactthatthecampaignhas
failed .Althoughthepublicgenerallyisnotawareofthis,the
failurehasbeenadmittedrecentlybymanygovernments .
Theymayhavewonoverthepoliticians,theymayhavewon
oversomeofthedoctors(Inspiteoftheclaimsoftheantis
itissurprisingthenumberofdoctorswhostillsmoke),but
theyhavenotwonoverthepeople .Peoplearesmokingmore
thanever .
Thebanoncigaretteadvertisinghasbeenacomplete
failure
.IntheUnitedStates,EnglandandAustraliaadver-
tisingwasremovedfromT.V .andradiowithoutanyeffect .
InItalyasimilarbanwasintroducedin1963
.By1977
consumptionwasupby35percent .
InNorwayalladvertisingwasbannedin1963
.By1977
consumptionwasupbyover5percent .
The`FrenchMinisterforHealthannouncedin1978that
afterthebanonT.V
.,radioandotheradvertising,con-
sumptionhadincreased .Itseemsthatpeoplearedetermined
tosmoke,eventhoughtheyhavehadincessantwarnings,so
theonlywayBigBrotherwillstopthemistobringin
completeprohibitionoftobacco .Eventhenthey'llprobably
tobaccogrowinthebackgarden .
Whyhasthegreatcampaignfailed?Theanswer,itseems,
isbecauseofthehealthyscepticismofthepublic .Perhaps
theyhaveaninbuiltcommonsensethatisresistanttohum-
buggery .Perhapstheyaretoomindfulofthepainfulhistory
ofboo-boosandvoltefacesofthe"experts" .Coulditbethat
theyjustresentBigBrotherinterferingwiththeirfreedom?
.Orcoulditbethattheyarejustbeginningtosee,behind
theBlackCurtain,theviewsofnotedscientistsridiculing
thewholecampaign?BigBrotherhasapparentlyforgotten
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TheSadFailureoftheCampaign43
Califanorepeatsthegreatcanardthat300,000peopledied
in1977fromsmoking
.Thisisprobablythegreatestofall
theliesofthecampaignandwhenpeoplerealiseitforwhat
itisitwilldothecampaignmoreharmthananyoftheother
lies
.Thereisnottheslightestproof,scientificorotherwise,
forthisfantasticclaim
.Infactthereisnoproofthatone
singlepersondiedbecauseofsmoking,letalone300,000 .
EitherCalifanoknewitwasalie,orhecarelesslyallowed
himselftobedeceived .
Califano,speakingonthewarningthatoverhalfofthe
peoplewhoworkedwithasbestosmaydieoflungcancer
causedbyit,offeredthemthiscomfort,"Don'tsmoke"
.No
doubthewouldsaythesametoapopulationdoomed
irremediablytolungcancerafteranatomicattack
.
Butnotevervoneisbehindhim
.PresidentCarterspeak-
ingonCalifanosaid,"Itisnothisresponsibilitytotell
Americancitizenswhether,theycansmokeornot" .Askedif
hewouldhave
.theWhiteHousestaffsetanationalexample
onsmoking,her
.eplied,"No,sir",TheGovernorofNorth
Carolina,JamesB
.HuntJr .metPresidentCartertodiscuss
Califano'snewcampaignandwastoldbyCarter,"No
statementshouldbemadeagainstsmokingunlesswehave
proof"
.Howaboutthat?So,accordingtothis,thecam-
paignersshouldnotbesayingonewordagainstsmoking
becausetheymostcertainlyhaven'ttheslightestiotaof
proof
.AstatementissuedfromtheWhiteHousecontained
thefollowingcomment
:"Theprogrammightmakeoutcasts
ofsmokers .Sucheffortsaredoomedtofailure
.Theultimate
effortofgovernmentshouldbetoprovideindividualcitizens
knowledge
.inorderforthemtomakeinformeddecisions"
.
HoraceR
.Kornegay,PresidentoftheTobacco"Institute,
toldacongressionalcommitteethatCalifano'sprogramis
unj ustifiedbothscientificallyandasamatterofpublicpolicy
.
Hechargeshimwithinitiativestocoerce,repressandtamper
withpersonalbehaviourandindividualfreedom" .Heaccuses
himofusing"aseriesoffactualinaccuraciesandscientifically
unsupportablefiguresandestimates" .
Themediawasn'ttoohappyaboutthecampaign
.The
AlbuquerqueJournal :"Whatthiscountrreallneedsisan
aencKtorotectpeoplerdmtegovernmenttnts
torotectthemfromtemsecTes-
NIetworne,rscaster,av;-inl:le_ y ,referringtoC alifano,
said,"Withallthezealofareformedsinner,heisopening
abigdeterminedcampaigntogetevery onetostopsmoking" .
KenC arolaninthe"Sunday Trentonian"reported,"I
havelongconsideredJosephC alifanothemostdangerous
manintheC arteradministration . ThisweekIamproved
right . . . . .
. Smokingisfarlessdangeroustothehealthof
thisRepublicthanthefrighteningpowersthatJoseph
C alifanoistry ingtoassumeoverourprivatelives" .
TRICKERYWITH
STATISTICS
Th e a n t i - s m o k e r s ' c a s e r e s t s s o l e l y o n s t a t i s t i c s . In t e l l i g e n t
pe o pl e h a ve c o m e t o l o o k (x1s t a t i s t i c s wi t h s us pi c i o n ,
s o m e t h i n g by - wh i c h "y o uc a n pr o ve a n y t h i n g "
. Th e o l d
s a y i n g i s ,"Li e s ,da m n e dl i e s a n ds t a t i s t i c s "
. At f i r s t s i g h t
m a n y pe o pl e a r e i m pr e s s e dby a n i m po s i n g s l a bo f g r a ph s ,
but s o o n di s c o ve r h o wus e l e s s t h e y a r e i n pr o vi n g a n y t h i n g
.
St a t i s t i c i a n s t h e m s e l ve s a r e t h e f i r s t t o a dm i t t h i s
. St a t i s t i c s
i n t h e m s e l ve s a r e us e f ul i n f o r m a t i o n i f c o l l e c t e dwi t h o ut
bi a s ,but a s t h e g r e a t s t a t i s t i c i a n Pr o f e s s o r Yul e o n c e s a i d,
"Yo uc a n ' t pr o ve a n y t h i n g by t h e m "
. Am e r i c a n s t a t i s t i c i a n s
a t t a c k e ds m o k i n g s t a t i s t i c s be c a us e o f wh a t t h e y t e r m e d
s e l e c t i o n bi a s
. Th e y po i n t e do ut t h a t t h e pe o pl e s e l e c t e df o r
t h e s ur ve y s we r e by n o m e a n s r e pr e s e n t a t i ve o f t h e po pu-
l a t i o n . Eve n t h e U
. S
. Sur g e o n Ge n e r a l c o n c e de dt h a t t h e
s e ve n m a jo r s ur ve y s us e df o r t h e 1964r e po r t we r e n o t
de s i g n e dt o r e pr e s e n t t h e U
. S . po pul a t i o n
. So m e s t a t i s t i c i a n s
po i n t o ut t h a t ,f a c e dwi t h t h e we l l k n o wn bul l y i n g a n d
h e c t o r i n g o f m a n y a n t i - s m o k i n g do c t o r s ,pa t i e n t s m a y be
a f r a i dt o g i ve t r ut h f ul a n s we r s r e g a r di n g t h e i r s m o k i n g
h a bi t s
. Th e Ro y a l Co l l e g e o f Ph y s i c i a n s di da s ur ve y o f
do c t o r s ,a m i n o r i t y o f t h e po pul a t i o n
. Dr Di jk s t r a s h o ws t h a t
o n l y 68pe r c e n t o f t h e do c t o r s a n s we r e dt h e que s t i o n n a i r e
.
St a t i s t i c i a n s wi l l n o t n o r m a l l y de a l wi t h que s t i o n n a i r e s wi t h Ln
m o r e t h a n 2pe r c e n t o f f a i l ur e s t o a n s we r
. He r e o ve r 30~
,- ,- : pe r c e n t f a i l e dt o a n s we r -
Ma n y ,a n t i - s m o k i n g do c t o r s a r e o n l y t o o pr o n e t o g i ve t h e r Q
c a us e o n a de a t h c e r t i f i c a t e a s l un g c a n c e r wh e n t h e y do n ' t r ),
k n o wf o r s ur e ,a n dt h e s e c e r t i f i c a t e s a r e "s t a t i s t i c s "
. Th e o n l y
c e r t a i n wa y t o di a g n o s e l un g c a n c e r i s by a ut o ps y a n di t ' s
o f t e n di f f i c ul t e ve n t h e n . But o n l y a f e wa ut o ps i e s a r e do n e
.
Pr o f e s s o r Ro s e n bl a t t wr o t e i n e Me di c a l Sc i e n c e (1965)
"Aut o ps y r e c o r ds s h o wt h a t m o r e t h a n 25pe r c e n t o f c a n c e r s
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~ ~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~
~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~~~
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~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~
~~~~~~~~~~
,
YEARS
~ YEARs
a ,
$
ytARS
C
TrickerywithSta tis tics 47
I
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~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~
~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~
~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~~~~ ~~~~~ ~~ ~~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~
~
~~ ~~~~~~
~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~
~~~~~~ ~~~ ~
~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~
~~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
~
~~ ~~ ~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~
~~~~~~~~~~~~
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~~ ~
~~ ~~~~~~~~~ ~~ ~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~
~~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ ~~~-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
foraskingwhytheydidn'tgatherstatisticsontherelation-
shipoflungcancertoexposurefrom,manyotheragents
whichhavebeensuggestedascausal
. H oweveritisdifficult
todeterminetheexposurehistorytomostpollutantswhile
itiseasytoaskpeopleiftheysmokeornot
.
Oftenwhatareclaimedtobestatisticsareonlyfigures
drawnoutofthinairandnotstatisticsatall . In1965the
ChairmanofanorganisationcallingitselftheNational
l. nter-AgencyCouncilonSmokingandH ealth,whowasa
layman,claimedthatcigaretteswereresponsiblefofbetween
t25aoooand300,00oexcessdeathsayearintheU
. S . There
weregreatnewspaperheadlinesalloverthecountry
. Alittle
lateragovernmentofficialwasquotedassayingthatsmoking
;wasresponsibleforatleast125,000prematuredeathsa
iyear. Whenaskedforhissource,hegavetheChairmanof
AgencyCouncil
. TheChairmanwasaskedlaterata'con-
gressionalhearinghowhecamebythisfigure
. H eanswered,
"Fromthegovernment". Butinspiteofthiscomical
contretemps,theantisarestillusingthe300,000figure .
Amusinglyenough,withtypicallackofimagination,they
havethesamefigureseveryyearfrom1965toz97~ . They
stillrefusetosayhowtheyarrivedattheinventionofthis
mythicalfigure .
MiltonB . Rosenblatttolda1969congressionalcommittee,
"Thewidelypublicisedaccusationsofhundredsofthousands
ofdeathscausedbycigarettes,andofshorteningoflifea
specificnumberofminutespercigarette . smoked,arefanciful
extrapolationsandnotfactualdata . "
Well,somuchforstatistics
. N)
Ct1
C)
~
~
~
v
G
"EXPER1S"
Expertsmaybeself-appointed-theyveryoftenare-or
theymaybepeoplewhohaveacademicqualificationsand
havebeenrecognisedashavingdonespecialworkintheir
lields .Buttheymayhaveallthequalificationsintheworld .
andyetnothavethebasiccommonsensetogive .alogical
opinion .Theoldsayingisplentyofbrainsbutnosense .A
manmayhaveastringofdegreesaslongasyourarmand
stillbesadlylackingincommonsense .Thisisquitecommon,
eventhoughtheymaynotbeamajoritysincemostpeople
whogainhigherdegreesarebrilliantmen .Stillthisminority
oftenhasalottosaybutitisoftensheernonsense .
Someexpertsmaybeunconsciouslybiasedbecauseof
deepprejudicesduetoupbringing,orconvictionssodeeply
embeddedthatnothingcanshiftthem .Leavingallthis
aside,everydayweseeexperts,whohavethesameexperi-
enceandknowledge,givingopposingopinionsonjustabout
everytopicunderthesun .
Apopularillustfationofexpertsdifferingistheargument
forandagainstseatbeltsinautomobiles
.Adepartmental
expert(howdoesonebecomeaseatbeltexpert?)claimsthat
seatbeltshavesavedsoandsomanylives .Howcanhereally
know?Otherexpertssaythatforeverycasewhereaseatbelt
hasapparentlysavedalifethereisaboutanequalnumber
whereithascausedthedriverorapassengertobetrapped
andsquashedbytheenginecomingback,orburnttodeath,
ordrowned .Whomarewetobelieve?Theonlyscientific
testwouldbeforBigBrothertohavetoocardriverswear-
ingseatbeltstorunheadonintoaiooonotwearingseatbelts
andseewhathappens .ThisisanotherexampleofBig'
Brother'sinterferenceinamatteronwhichthereiswidely
conflictingopinion .
Scienceandmedicine-arejusttwofieldsfullofexamples
52SmokingisGoodforSrou
throughhistoryofexpertsdiffering,oftenwithunbelievable
heatandbitterness .Inthefieldofeconomicstheopposing
opinionsoftheleadingschoolsofthoughtaretheaccepted
stateofthings .
Itiscommonplacetosee"findings"publishedinmedical
journalsandthenforotherresearcherscarryingoutthesame
experimenttoobtainquitedifferentfindings .Thishappens
allthetime
.Itisnotunknownforenthusiasticresearchers
tofakeresults .Therehavebeenseveralscandalsinvolving
this,withsomemedicaljournalsrefusingtoacceptfurther
workfromsomeresearchers .Aftermanyyearsofrealising
that"findings"reportedinmedicaljournalsaresooften
wrong,Inowfinditissafernottobelieveanyofthemuntil
theyarereallyproven .Perhapsonlyhalfofthese"findings"
haveanybasis .
Whendoctorsclaimthatmedicineisasciencewemust
realisethataboutninetypercentofacceptedbeliefsand
teachingshavenotbeenprovenaccordingtotherigorous
requirementsofscientificproof.
Thepresentdisputeonthesafetyordangerofusing
uraniumproductsisengagingscientistsofhighstandingin
diametricallyoppositeviews
.Ontheonehandwehave
leadingphysicistssaythereisno,orverylittle,danger .
Menofequallyhighstandingsayitisextremelydangerous
.
Thereisadisputeoverthesafetylevelofradiation .Some
havesetitatafigurewhichotherssayistwothousandtimes
toohigh
.Whomarewetobelieve?
Inmedicinewhatisconsideredholywritoneyearis
rejectedthenext
.Oftenyesterday'sheresyisacceptedtoday .
WhenIwasastudentmanybeliqfs,sincerejected,wereheld
inviolable .Hadwequestionedthemourchancesofpassing
wouldhavebeenslim .Yettodaytheyareconveniently
forgotten.Icouldgivemanyexamplesbutwillsufficeby
againmentioningcompulsorychestx-rays.Peoplewere
forcedtohavetheseeveryyearunderthreatoffines .Then
certainscientistsfoundthattheywerecausingcancers .The
publicisawareofthesevoltefacesandisoftenscepticalof
medicaldoctrines .Theprofessionhasonlyitselftoblame
2501112672
c`Experts"53
forthis,becausethesedoctrineswereacceptedwithout
adequateinvestigation .
IdonotwanttogivetheimpressionthatIam"knocking"
themedicalprofession . Iamnot
. WhatIamstressingis
that,inspiteofthewonderfuladvancesinmedicine,itis
stillinadeepstateofdarknessregardingmanysubjects .
Butthisisnoexcuseforhalf-bakedtheoriesbeingaccepted
asproved
. Andoneexampleofthesehalf-bakedtheoriesis
thesmoking-lungcancertheory . "
Justbecauseachestspecialistseesmanycasesofthis
diseasedoesn'tmeanthatheisabletosaywhatthecauseis .
Achestsurgeon,onmyexpressingdoubtsaboutthesacred
theory,saidratherheatedly,"Ifyou'dseenasmanycases
oflungcancerasIhave,you'dhavenodoubtthatsmoking
causesit"
. Iwasstruckbythestrangelogicofthis . Ifhe's
seenamillioncases,itwouldn'tnecessarilymeanathingas
tocause . Butthisistypicaloftheirthinking
.
Ithinkthesmoking-lungcancertheorywillbeanotherof
thebooboos,perhapsthegreatestofall,whichitwilltake
theprofessionalongtimetolivedown .
Inviewofthenotoriousconflictsofopinionsamongthe
experts,wisepeopledon'tacceptthemtooreadily
. Sowhen
some"expert"tellsusofthe"danger"ofsmokingletus
expressahealthyscepticism .
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AnticsoftheAnti-Smokers55
Someofthebrainwashedarenowputtingupnoticesin
theirhomessayingbluntly"NoSmoking" .Theunfortunate
guest,whosmokesandhasnopriornoticeofithasthechoice
ofwalkingoutorsufferingthe"hosts"inhospitality .
Onefamilyofanti-smokershaveanoticesayingthat
guestsmaysmokeprovidingtheyexhaleintoaplasticbag .
Adogtrainingclubinviteddogownerstocomeandhave
theirdogstrainedinapublicpark .Aboutthefirstthingthe
trainersaidtotheassembledownerswas,"Nosmokingis
allowedasthedogscan'tbetrainedproperlyiftheirowners
smoke" .Didanyoneeverhearsuchrot?Nodoubtthe
trainerwasahaterofsmokingandlostnoopportunity,like
hisbrethren,ofstrikingablow .
Atelevisioncoverageshowedtheorganisersofananti-
smokingleaguehandingoutcansofspraypaintandinciting
theirmemberstogoarounddefacingcigaretteadvertise-
mentsandwritingoffensivesignsonpremisesofpro-
smokers
.
PhilL .WrightofDenverhasmarketedananti-smoker's
sprayfordrenchingsmokers .Heclaimshehassprayed
dozensofdinersandtheirmealsinrestaurants,andclaims
hehassold30,000cans .
ANewYorkwomancarriesapairoflongscissorstosnip
offcigarsandcigarettes .
Somebodyisgoingto,getbadlyhurt .
InArizonatheanti-smokingmilitantsbamboozledthe
legislatureintopassinglawsprohibitingsmokinginvarious
publicplaces .Theysoldtheirargumentsolelyonemotional
issues,littleregardbeinggiventothetruth .Theydraggeda
childbeforethelawmakerstotestifythathewasupsetby
tobaccosmokeinthegrocerystoreandsocouldnotbuy
foodforhissickparents .Theyalsobroughtalongpeoplewho
testifiedthattheirillnesseswerecausedbytobaccosmoke
.
Sometobacconistsemployedapublicrelationsmanto
representthem .Thissoincensedtheanti-smokersthatthey
launchedapersonal-crusadeagainstthemanandhisfamily .
Hiswifeanddaughtersweresubjectedtofoulabuseand
garbagewasdumpedonhislawn .
Theyhaveadoptedthetacticsoftheprohibitionistswho
gaveAmericathei8thamendment-totalprohibitionof
alcohol,fromwhichittookthecountryatleastageneration
torecoverafteritsrepeal
.Nowtheyharrasspeoplewho
smokeinpubliceventhoughtheyarenotinprohibitedareas
.
Therehavebeencountry-wideprotestsfromlawenforce-
mentofficersaskingiftheyaretodevotescarcemanpowerto
catchsmoking"criminals"whentheyhavemorethan
enoughtodoalreadywithseriousmatters
.Someenviron-
mentalistshavepointedtothepollutionoftheenvironment
withcountless"NoSmoking"signs
.
Americannewspapershavecommentedacidlyonthe
anti-smokinglaws
.Forexample :
"Thepublicsmokingbillwouldsetadangerousprecedent
intheextensionofsocialisticcontrolsoverthealready
oppressedruggeddindividual
.Wherewouldthenextmoveof
thisintrepidlittlebanofauthoritarianscome,ifthey
succeededinthisjoylessendeavour"?BruceWilkinson,
Denver"Post" .
"Thisisagoodexampleofthetyrannyoftheminority
.
Alittlegroupofwilfulpersons,representingnoopinionbut
theirown,hasrenderedthegreatsmokingpublichelpless
andcontemptible
."WilliamSafire,NewYork"Times"
.
"It'sonethingtolegislateconductfortheprotectionof
society-torestrictbehaviourthatendangersthelife,health
orsafetyofothers
.Itisquiteanothertolegislateagainst
conductthatmerelyannoys
.Hardlyanyonecanavoid
annoyingsomebodyelseoccasionally
."Editorial,Boulder
"Camera" .
"Thesenonsmokerscouldgetsopowerfulthatoneday
they'dhaveallofusbeforefiringsquadsandnotallowthe
traditionalcourtesyofalastcigarette,onthegroundsthat
itisharmfultoourhealth
."Editorial,Flint"Journal"
.
Inseveralcitiesrestaurantshavebeenforcedtosetaside
non-smokingsections
.Onehotelfoundthatthesectionhad
beenusedbyonlytwooutofonethousandguests
.Another
gotsevenrequestsbynon-smokersoutof39,000guests
.All
thisputstherestaurantsJtogreatexpenseinconstruction
2501112676
AnticsoftheAnti-Smokers57
andextrastaff
.Itisnotsurprisingthattheyhavehadto
increasecharges
.AFloridarestaurantownerwhowasforced
bythenewlawtoprovideaseparatearea,saidrecently,
"Nobodywantstositinthisnewarea" .
Itallmakesyoufeellikereachingforthepestspraycan .
' C ? fficer
.Idesnandyouarrestthiscriminalforsmoking
."
CANYOUBELIEVE
AWORDTHEYS`rAY?
Ifthesmoking-lungcancertheoryhadanymeritwhy
shoulditbenecessaryforthecampaignerstostooptothe
deceitforwhichthecampaignhasbecomesonotorious?
Oneofthemostbarefacedliestheyhaveputoveristhe
phoneyscareof"passivesmoking"whichhasbeenadmitted
evenbymanyleadinganti-smokingdoctorstobeunfounded .
Findingtheywerenotdoingmuchgoodscaringsmokers,
theytriedtogetsupportfrom'non-smokers
. Theyrealised
thatnon-smokerswerenotworriedaboutsmokersgetting
their"justdeserts",butiftheycouldbemadetoworry
abouttheirownhealththiswouldhelpthecampaign
. They
wantedpeopletobeafraidtobenearsmokers
. Althoughthe
scarehasbeencompletelyexposedasphoney,themore
fanaticalstillpersistinit
.
Int97onewspaperheadlinestoldtheworldthatsome
doctorshadproducedlungcancerindogsbyexposureto
cigarettesmoke
. Thefactsarethattheirpaperwasrejected
bytherespectedNewEnglandMedicalJournal
. Theythen
triedtheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation
. Their
paperwasagainrejected
. Thereasonsgivenwerethatit
"didnotmeasureuptoacceptablescientificstandards"
.
That'swhattheythoughtofthem
. Theyfinallygotit
publishedinanotherjournal
. Butithadbeenchangedin
wordandsubstancesothatitcompletelyfailedtobearout
theoriginalclaimsthatmadetheheadlinenews
. Aformer
presidentoftheAmericanCollegeofPathologiststermed
theexperiment"suspect",andsaidthatthephotomicro-
graphspublished-"areinconclusiveoftheexistenceofany
cancer" . TheU
. S. TobaccoInstituterequestedanimpartial
reviewofthedatabyapanelofindependentscientists
. This
wasrefused .
ProfessorSterling,thefamousstatistician,wantedtocheck
2501112678
CanyouBelieveaWordtheySay?59
thedataofthesedoctors,buttheyrefusedtomakethis
available .Sterlingremarkedthatbytheirrefusal"theyhave
impugnedthecredibilityoftheirownclaims" .
Thefactisthatnoneofthelaboratoryandpathological
"evidence"advancedbytheanti-smokerscanstandupto
examination,andthestatistical"evidence"islefttostand
alone.-
The"Lancet",oneoftheworld'sleadingmedicaljournals,
inJ anuary1 97 r,tooktotasktheR oyalCollegeofP hysicians,
thefountainheadoftheanti-smokers,andaccusedthemof
jugglingwithstatistics
.Itsaidthatthiswas"morelikely
todestroythereader'sfaithinstatisticsthanconvincehim
thatsmokingisdangerous" .
TheBritishscientist,'R .Mole ;BritishMedicalJ ournal,
Sept1 7 ,1 97 7 )criticizedthefamousDrGofmanforrnisinter-
pretingfiguresgivenbyscientistsinvestigatingtheeffects
ofsmokingonthelungs .Hesaid,"Ifthereportedevidence
hastobemisrepresentedinthiswaytomakeacase,then
thecaseislikelytobeworthless" .
TheBritishMedicalR esearchCouncilingathering
statisticsonsmokingfoundtoitssurprisethatinhalersof
cigarettesgotlesslungcancerthannon-inhalers,theopposite
towhatwasexpected .Thiswouldmakeonethinkthat
cigaretteshadnothingtodowithlungcancerforobviously,
iftheyhad,thentheinhalersshouldbeaffectedmore .
Howeverthissurprisingandinconvenientfindingwasnot
publicised
.Itwasnotevenmentionedinitsreport .When
theysurveyedthesmokinghabitsofBritishdoctors,not
surprisinglytheyavoidedaskingthemwhethertheyinhaled
ornot.SirR onaldFisher,commentingonthissaid,"The
statisticianshadtheembarrassingchoicebetweenfrankly
avowingthatthestrikingandunexpectedresultoftheir
inquirywasclearlycontrarytothetheorytheyadvocated,or
totakethetimidandunsatisfactorycourseofsayingaslittle
aspossibleaboutit" .,
Wehavealreadydiscussedtherathercomicalantics
connectedwiththeclaimfromtheNationalInter-agencyon
SmokingandHealthwhenstatisticsjustarosefromthinair .
6oSmokingisGoodforYou
Whenimmenselystrongsolutionsofso-called"tar"from
cigaretteswererepeatedlyappliedtotheskinsoflaboratory
animals,itwasclaimedthataformofskincancerwas
produced
.Butthepeopleconcernedwerecarefultoconceal
thefactthattheamountofthis"tar"wouldbeequivalent
toamansmokinguptotoo,ooocigarettes,aday
.They
forgottootomentionthatmanysubstancesharmlessto
man,eventeaandeggs,canproducecancerinanimalsif
appliedtotheskin
.Nonethelessthisclaimisbeingusedby
theantisrightuptotoday .
DrHiramLangston,ChiefofSurgery,ChicagoT
.B .
Sanatorium,toldaU
.S .senatehearingin1965,"Theneed
forhonestresearchinseekingananswertotheunsolved
problemoflungcancercannotbeside-steppedmerely
becauseanapparentstatisticalassociationhasspotlighteda
convenient,thoughprobablyinnocentsuspect"(My'italics)
.
ProfessorK
.AlexanderBrownlee,UniversityofChicago,
toldthecommitteethattheanti-smokers'claimofanasso-
ciationbetweensmokingandlungcancer,inspiteofthe
factsagainst
.it,wasa"splendidexampleofthetechnique
offlatlydenyingtheexistenceofanyinconvenientfactif
youcannotexplainitaway"
.
Thesetwoscientists,ineffect,calledthecampaigners
liars
.*Ofcoursetheirstatementsdidnotmaketheheadlines
.
Onewouldexpectpeoplewithlesshidetobesetbackby
allthis,buttheyseemtotakeit
.intheirstride .Theyspeak
of"irrefutablefacts",asifthesehadbeenproved,when
theyknowfullwellthattheyhaven't
.
Therearesomanycriticsofthetheory,'physicians,
scientistsandstatisticians,recognisedauthoritiesintheir
owncountriesandinternationally,thatitisimpossibletolist,
letalonequotethemexceptforthefewImention
.Yetthe
campaignerssaythetheoryisuniversallyaccepted
.Inaletter
tbametropolitannewspaperImentionedthatnumerous
reputablescientisthadcondemnedtheirtheory
.Theheadof
acancerbodywrotealetterofreplysayingthatmycharge
wasnonsense
.Surelyifhewereatallwellreadhemusthave
knownofthesepeople
.Itseemsintheirbooktheydon'texist
.
2501112680
C
I
anYouBelieveaWordtheySay?61
Anothernewspaperpublishedastatementbymethat
DrMoleoftheBritish .NledicalResearchCouncilhadwritten
intheBritishMedicalJc,urnalofSept17th1977,"'I 'hereis
nowevidenceinlungcancerinuraniumminerswhich
permitstheexclusionofsmokingasamajorcausalagent"
(Hisexactwords)
.Thefollowingdayanotherpaperrana
statementfromtheleaderoftheanti-smokingforcessaying,
"DrMoledidnotsaythisatall" .Eventhoughitisinthe
journalinblackandwhiteforalltoread!Thisisquite
typicaloftheunhesitatingwaythesepeopletellthemost
barefaceduntruths
.I tislikesayingthatblackiswhite .
Adeceitfulgimmickfavouredbythecampaignersis
picturesof"blacklungs"whichsmokersareallegedto
develop.Thereisnosuchthingasasmoker'slung
.The
eminentpathologist,DrSheltonC .Sommers,Columbia
Hospital,NewYork,inevidencebeforeacongressional
inquirysaid,"I tisnotpossible,grosslyormicroscopically,
orinanywayknowntome,todistinguishbetweenthelung
ofasmokerandanon-smoker .
Findingscontrarytotheirtheoryarehushedup
.DrA .
Stewart,whowithfellowscientistsMancusoandKneale
foundagreatincreaseincancerofthelungandotherorgans
amongworkersattheU .S .government'splutoniumplantin
Hanford,Wash
.,saidthatofficialsweretryingtocoverup
theirfindings .
Thepresshasbeenagreatallyinspreadingphoneyanti-
smokingstories .Americalnewspaperspublishedaheadline
storythatemphysemacost$i .smillionduetosmoking
basedonfiguresbyDrR .Freeman
.DrFreemanthenmade
astatementthathehadnotgivensmokingasthereason
.
Hisdisclaimerwasnotgivenmuchpublicity .
I n1975greatscareheadlinesappearedfollowingpublica-
tionbytheNationalCenterforHealthStatisticsshowinga
5
.2percentincreaseinthecancerdeathrate
.Thenews-
papersfoundnumerous"experts"whothunderedat
smoking.Laterasadfacedofficialadmittedthefigurewasa
mistake,dueto"codingerrors"
.Needlesstosaythenews-
papersdidnothaveheadlinesaboutthisadmission
.
Ihavealreadymentionedtheselectionbiasusedin
obtainingstatistics .Asstatisticsaretheonlythingonwhich
theirtheoryisbased,ifthesearenothonesttheyhave
nothingatalltostandon .
Arathercomicalefforttodiscreditsmokingreboundedto
theirdiscomfortwhentheyhadanarticlepublishedsaying
thatthelastfourkingsofEnglanddiedfromsmoking .I
soonpointedoutinanewspaperarticlethat,exceptfor
GeorgeVI,whohadscarletfeverasachildwhichlefthim
withheartdamage,theyalllivedtoagesmuchgreaterthan
theaverage
.Isaidthatinmyopiniontheylivedsolong
becausethevdidsmoke .
Afavouritestuntofthecampaignersistoputonatestof
carbonmonoxide(CO)fromcigarettesshowinghighread-
ings.Thelaypeoplewhoseethisdon'trealisethatthisis
completelymisleading,althoughanyonewithascientific
trainingassociatedwithshowingit,mustknowit,andhow
deceitfulitis
.Recentlyonehealthdepartmentestimated
(guessed)thatcigarettescausesoandsomanythousandsof
"It'stheinediawantingthesmokingdeathsforthe~
comingyear .Hurryupandspinit
."~
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seemsthatthecampaignerswhohaveliedshouldbe
punishedfortheirdeceit .Afteralltheyaredoinggreat
harm .Onecouldforgivetheirfatuitybutnottheirdis-
honestv_ . .
Thetrickeryofthecampaignersmakesuswonderifwe
canbelieveonewordtheysay .
Onethingthatyoucanbeabsolutelycertainofisthat
anyhand-outtothemediafromthecampaignerswillbe
quiteuntrue .Infactifyouareabettingmanyoucansafely
betvourbottomdollaronit .Itwouldbewhatiscalledin
racingcirclesa"racecoursecertainty" .
1EPASSIVESMOKING
H
O
AX
Evenmoreurgentthanexposingthesmoking-lungcancer
theoryasfalseisthedebunkingofthe"passivesmoking"
scare
. Itisthisreallylaughableclaimthatthemorefanatical
oftheanti-smokershavereliedontogetpublicsupportand
togetpoliticianstobansmokingintrainsandbusesand
elsewhere
. Ifthiscanbeshowntheutternonsensethatitis,
thenthereisnohealthreasonforbanningsmokingany-
where
. AndIfeelthatthiscanbeverveasilvshown
.
Thequestionis-whatevidencehavethey?Andthe
answeris-j ustnoneatall
. Thewholepieceofnonsensewas
startedbyaformerheadoftheU
. S
. healthservice, apublic
servant
. Outofthebluehemadeapublicpronouncement
thatpeopleinaroomorinatrainorsooncouldhavetheir
healthharmedbybreathingsmokefromanearbysmoker
.
Whenchallengedhehadtobeatahastyretreat, admitting
thattherewerenogroundsforsayingthisotherthanthatit
"wasunpleasant"
. ButtheWorldHealthOrganisationofthe
UnitedNationstookitupandissuedareportthatpassive
smokingcouldbeharmful
. Itwasallsuppositionwithout
anysolidbasis-infactwhatonewouldexpectfromthe
servantsoftheeffeteU . N.
Severalscientistsofinternationalstandingcarriedout
testsshowingthecompletelackoffoundationforthisr, j
fiction . ProfessorH
. SchievelbeinoftheUniversityofCn
Munich, whowasamemberofW
. H. O
. 'sexpertcommittee~
onsmokingandhealth, carriedoutafullinvestigationand+-,
saidtherewasnoevidenceofathreattohealth
. Professor~
'AviadooftheUniversityofPennsylvaniasaid, "Fromthec*'
measurementofcarbonmonoxidelevelsindoorsandnicotine~
absorbedbysmokers, wecanconcludethatsmokingin
publicplacesdoesnotconstituteahealthhazardtonon-
smokers
. ProfessorKlosterkotter, UniversityofEssen, said
.~,.~~
. .
.x . : .x :
.~ ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.~
I
66 Smoking is Good for You
it was "definitely impossible" for passive smoking to impair
health . Professors Hinds and First of Harvard University
(1975) carried out tests and said the alleged danger was
"out of the question" . Some other scientists who debunked
the claim are Professors S
. Hyden, F . Epstein, O . Gsell and
E . Wynder.
Dr P
. Harke (1970) carried out an ex periment in which
150 cigarettes were smoked on a machine in a room 25 by
3 o by 8 feet, and also investigated levels in cars in laboratory
ex periments . He found no harmful levels .
We should realise that carbon monox ide (CO) which is
the basis of the scare is normally found in the air .
Dr Helmut Wakeham wrote in "Preventive Medicine"
Dec 1977 that the carbon monox ide in environmental
tobacco smoke does not represent a health hazard. Only one
hundredth of a per cent in the air comes from cigarettes,
which is infinitesimal . He described an "ex treme" ex peri-
ment carried out in which 2 z person were crowded into a 12
by 15 foot room with an 8 foot roof which was sealed . They
were ex posed for over an hour to the smoke of go cigarettes
and 2 cigars . Even under these ex treme and abnormal
conditions the average CO in their blood was only 2
.6 per
cent, substantially below the 4 per cent recommended by
W.H .O .
L. S
. Jaffe (Annals of New York Academy of Sciences
t 97o) did research and found that the total contribution of
cigarette smoke to the atmospheric CO was so negligible
that he gave no percentage estimate .
I n 1955 CC
.P
. Yaglous carried out an ex periment in which
24 cigarettes were smoked per hour in a room 16 by z o by 9 .
He reported that the CO concentration was much too low
to affect non-smokers even when the room was filled with
bluish smoke . I n normal conditions it would be impossible
for smokers to produce so much smoke .
R.E . Eckardt et al (Archives of Environmental Health
1972) submitted monkeys for 2 years to two to seven times
the max imum safety level of CO as laid down by the U .S .
Environmental Safety Protection Agency . They found no
250111268 6
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THEHEARTBOGY
Facedwiththefailureofthelungcancerscare,theanti-
smokers,cannyfellowsthattheyare,thoughtitwouldbea
goodthingtohavesomethinguptheirsleevesforthetime
whenthetheorywouldbecompletelybowledout .Theycon-
trivedtheclaimthatsmokingcausescoronaryheartdisease .
Nowtheyareleavingthesinkingshipforthemorepro-
ductivefieldofheartdiseasesincethisismuchmore
common .Butlikelungcancerthereisnotascrapofcon-
vincingevidenceforit .
ProfessorPhilipWyattwroteintheLancet(March1974),
"Cautionmustbetakenbeforewitchhuntsarestarted
condemningthoseindividualswhosmoke .Historically,
witchhuntshaveusuallydonelittletosolveproblems ; they
merelyaddtotheconfusion" .
TheU.S
.S urgeonGeneral'sreportof1962said'that,
"Althoughthecausativeroleofcigarettesmokingindeaths
fromcoronaryheartdiseaseisnotproven,thecommittee
considersitmoreprudenttoassumeacausativemeaning"
.
Thismeansitisnotproven .Theyjustassumeit .I sn'tthis
typicalofthem?
Mostofthestartlingclaimsbyvariousheartfoundations
turnouttobemerely"estimates"or"guesstimates" .Any- . .
bodycanmakeanestimate .Onecouldjustaseasilyestimate
thatto,ooopeoplediedbecausetheyhavequitsmoking .
Rememberingthedubiousstatisticsandthemisrepresenta-
tionwehavehadwiththelungcancerclaims,wecanexpect
arepetition
.Thecampaignersagaindependentirelyon
statistics .Howeverithasbeenpointedoutthatthefigures
ofthevariousstatisticalstudiesshowinexplicablevariations
andareoftenindirectconflict,makinguswonderifthey
canbetakenseriously .Forinstancethemuchquoted
Frami
.nghamstudyshowedthatnon-smokersgotmore
2501112690
The Heart Bogy 71
coronary disease than ex-smokers
. Does this mean that it
is safer to smoke and give up than never to smoke at all?
It's quite comical really. '
One of the latest claims of the campaigners is that since
many doctors quit smoking, the death rate from coronary
heart disease in the profession has shown a big drop
. This
claim has greatly impressed many people, but not surprising-
ly it has been shown to be in direct conflict with the facts
.
Professor Carl Seltzer, Harvard University School of Public
Health, has stated that studies show no consistent pattern of
changes in cigarette smoking to explain coronary heart
mortality
. In fact a5 per cent reduction of smoking among
British doctors led to no change in death rates
. He concludes
by pointing out that no agent in cigarette smoke has been
shown to cause coronary heart disease
. Dr Henry I. Russek
points out in "Internal Medicine News" Feb 1978 that the
average age and incidence of coronary deaths among doctors
was the same in 1975 as in 1955
. So by cutting down smok-
ing doctors have not in fact saved themselves from coronary
attacks
. Perhaps if they had continued to smoke there would
not be such a great disproportion of alcoholics, drug addicts
and suicides in the profession.
Many authorities consider that
., coronary heart disease,
like lung cancer, is a familial disease
. Read and co-workers
(Lancet Feb 5 1977) reported that in a study they found that
the disease rate was higher in men whose relatives had been
affected by it
. Dr Joan Slack (Lancet Dec 2 1977) found that
the risk for men was 5
.2 times that of the general population
if a male first degree relative had died from coronary heart
disease.
Some authorities consider that blood grouping plays a
large part in this disease
. Kesteloot et al (Lancet April .2
1977) found that people with blood groups A and AB had a
28 percent higher death rate than people in groups B and O
.
But the role of stress seems to be more important
. It is
well known that people who get this disease are special
types of people who have been termed "stress subjects"
.
When a person is under a stress the body liberates an excess
2501112691

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SmokingisGoodforYou
:In1968theLegalMedicalInstituteofSantiago,Chile,
madeastudyoft4ooautopsyrecords
.Nosignificant
associationbetweencigarettesandheartdiseasewasshown
.
InSwedenin1970astudywasdoneonidentical*twins
inthecountry'sstatisticalrecordstoseeifwhereonetwin
smokedandtheotherdidn't,thenon-smokingtwinlived
longer
.Itwasfoundthattherewasnodifference .A similar
studywasdoneinDenmarkwiththesameresults .
DrA ncelKevsoftheUniversityofMinnesotashowedthat
instudiesintheU
.S .andsixothercountriestherewasno
relationshipbetweensmokingandcoronaryheartdisease
exceptintheU .S .Butthisiswhatonewouldexpectsince
lifeintheU
.S .isaratracewithpeoplelivingunderhigher
tensionsandstresses .TheLancet(Feb21976)commenting
onthesefiguresnotedtheincidenceofcoronarydisease
tendedtobedirectlyrelatedtothepopulatiori'sserum
cholesterol
.Thehigherthecholesterol,asintheU
.S .the
highertheincidenceofthedisease .
Theredoesnotseemmuchdoubtthattheimportant
factorsincoronaryheartdiseasearecholesterolandstress .
A ninterestingreportbyPollock(BritishMedicalJournal
1974,33,522)whichhasbeenconfirmedbyothers,isthat
afterasurgicaloperationthereisahigherincidenceof
deepveinthrombosisinnon-smokers
.Toescapethisoften
fatalcomplicationonewouldbewisetosmoke
.
Ihavenodoubtthatsmoking,bykeepingthemusclesof
thevesselwallsinpropertone,tendstopreventarterio-
scleroticchangeswhichareassociatedwithheartdiscase
andhighbloodpressureandstrokes .
DrWilliamEvans,CardiacDepartment,LondonHospital,
saidiecently"Thechargethatsmokingcausesheartdisease'
iswhollyunfounded"
.
Someeminentmedicalscientistswhohaverejectedthe
smoking-heartdiseaseclaimare :
DrCampbellMoses,Director,A mericanHeartA sso-
ciation .-
DrRonaldOkun,DirectorClinicalPathology,LosA ngeles .
ProfessorR .Burch,UniversityofLeeds
2501112694
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~~~~
CANCER-"CAUSES"
GA. i r e < J ' . Z.
E
Afte r allthe ye ar sofr e se ar chbybr i lli antme n,although
the r e se e mstobe some fai ntsi gnofli ghtatthe e ndofthe
tunne l,cance r r e mai nsamyste r y . Y e tthi sse r i ouschalle nge
tothe humanr ace doe snotse e mtobe ve r yhi ghi nthe
pr i or i ti e sofgove r nme nts .
Whydosome pe ople ge tcance r andothe r snot?Itse e ms
thatpe ople di ffe r i nthe i r susce pti bi li tyandi mmuni ty . Iti s
we llknownthatsome pe ople ar e mor e susce pti ble tosome
di sor de r s . Thi sappe ar stobe be cause ofthe i r ge ne ti cmake -
up . Ane xample ofthi si sthe e ffe ctofalcohol . Austr ali an
abor i gi nals,for i nstance ,ar e ve r ysusce pti ble toalcohol,
whi lstEur ope ansthr oughthousandsofye ar sofhe r e di ty
appe ar tohave de ve lope dace r tai namountofr e si stance . The
unfor tunate abor i gi nalsar e thr e ate ne dasar ace be cause of
i t . Inthe same wayce r tai ni ndi vi dualsmaybe mor e
susce pti ble tocance r .
Manythi ngshave be e nsugge ste dascar ci noge ns-age nts
whi chcause cance r . The yar e toonume r oustome nti oni n
totali tyasjustaboute ve r ythi ngunde r the sunhasbe e n
suspe cte d .
Radi oacti vi tyfr omatomi cbombsandpowe r plantsand
ur ani ummi ni ngi shi ghonthe li stofsuspe cts . Radi oacti vi ty
hasbe e nr e ce ntlyfoundtobe gi ve noffbyor di nar ycoali n
coalfi r e dpowe r plants . Radi oacti vi tyfr omcompulsor yche st
x-r ayswasfoundtobe causi ngcance r andthe pr oce dur e
i snowve r yse nsi blyfadi ngout . Eve nyour favour i te T . V .
se tmaybe gi vi ngoffr adi oacti vi ty
.
Smog-ai r polluti onfr omi ndustr yandautomobi le
e xhausts,i salsohi ghonthe li st . Hundr e dsofi ndustr i al
poi sonsar e affe cti ngwor ke r si nplantsandar e alsogi ve noff
i ntothe e nvi r onme nt . The r e ar e thousandsofne wche mi cals
e ve r yye ar ,some ofwhi chhave . be e nfoundtobe car ci no-
2501112698
Cancer-"Causes"Galore79
genic
.Manyhavenotyetbeentestedforsafety .Dioxin,
whichhasbeencalledthemostpoisonoussubstanceknown
toman,iswellknownafterthecalamityinItaly
.Wenow
findthatthissubstanceisusedallovertheworldandthat
cansofithavebeenburiednearcitiesfordisposal,butno
doubtthecanswillsoonerodeandescapeintotheenviron-
ment .Howmuchhasalreadyescaped?
TheRoyalCollegeofPhysiciansinitsearlydeliberations
consideredthattwopossiblecausesoflungcancerwere
smokingandpollution
.Theydecidedtocarryoutsurveys
onthesepossiblecauses
.Theycarriedoutthecigarette
surveyfirst,perhapsbecauseitwaseasier
.Theyappearedto
sosellthemselvesonsmokingthattheydidn'tseemtowant
todoanyfurthersurvey
.F inallyafteriryearsofdelaythey
carriedoutthesurveyonpollution
.Buttheyfoundthat
thesubjectwasratherbeyondthemasitwassocomplex .
Thefindingswererathervague
.A irpollution` isfreq uently
excusedinthereportasnotbeingasimportantascigarettes
.
Theywerereallyincapableofdealingwithsoformidiblea
task,andweareleftasmuchinthedarkasbefore
.In
A mericathepositionwasputmoresuccinctly .The1972
reporttoCongressonenvironmentalpollutioneffectsstated,
"Thecontributionofcommunitypollutiontocanceris
unknown
.Theroleofpollutionincausingcancercannotbe
q ualitivelyassessed"
.Inotherwordstheysaytheydon't
knowhowmuchcanceriscausedbyairpollution
.Wedo
knowthattheBritishgovernmentadmitsthatin1952over
4,00odeathswerecausedinLondonalonebysmog .
TheU.S
.governmentmadeastartlingannouncementin
A pril1978whenitwarnedthat,ofthe8toitmillionpeople
whoworkedwithasbestosduringandjustafterWorldWar
II,overhalfmaydieoflungcancerorotherrelateddiseases
causedbytheasbestos
.(YetCalifanocallssmokingpublic
healthenemynumberone)
.Butitisnotonlythesewhoare
in .danger .A sbestosisnowusedjustabouteverywhere
includingbuildings
.Ittendstofalloffasadustontopassers-
byaswellasworkers
.Exposuredoesnothavetoveryclose
orprolonged
.Justafewoftheminutefibresinhaledcan
2501112"1"6 99
piercethelungtissueandlodgethere . I ttakes1 5 to3 5 y ears
forcancertodevelopfromthefibres
. Agovernmentofficial
saidthatoneinfiveworkersinasbestoswilldiefromlung
cancer
. Howmany ofthegeneralpublic?Allthistiesin
withthegreatincreaseintheincidenceoflungcancersince
1 945
.
. Theenormity oftheasbestosplaguedoesnoty etseemto
havesunkintothepublic'smind . Whenthey really realise
thepositiontherewillbeanenormousoutcry . I nanattempt
toforestallthisoutcry theauthoritiesareshamelessly . putting
outthefairy talethatthemillionswhoaregoingtodieof
lungcancerfromasbestosgotitbecausethey smoked . I s
therenolimittotheirdeceit?I stherenolimittothecredulity
ofthepublicifthey swallowthis?
Somescientistssay thatradioandtelevisioncouldbe
contributingtocancer . Thewavesfromtheseareclosely
relatedtox-ray s . Sincecountlessstationsarechurningout
"Urgentordersfromhighup . We'vegottocomeupwith
somefairy talethatthe . 5 millionwhoaregoingtodie
fromlungcancerfroric . asbestosreally gotitfrom
smoking . "
25 01 1 1 . ` 7 00
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~ ~ ~~~~~ ~ ~~
causedbyviruses .
Otherthingsthathavebeenconsideredincludediet,
hormones,pollensrepeatedlyaffectingthelung,andmany
otheragents.
Alcoholhasbeensuggestedsinceitcontainsavarietyof
complexcompoundsofpossiblecarcinogenicy . Mostsmokers
drinkalcohol .
Lastlythereistobacco,=thesubjectofall . theheatand
fire,whichwillbediscussedinthenextchapter .
>
2501112702
THEINNOCENCEOF
TOBACCO
Whatisthecaseagainsttobacco?Theanswer,itseems,is
nothing-apartfromanallegedstatisticalrelationship,that
isifwecanbeliev ethestatistics .Wehav ealreadyseenhow
littlewecanrelyonstatistics .Therelationshipatthemost
isonlyapparent,becausemanylungcancersufferers,like
mostpeoplewithchestaffections,smoketoeasetheircoughs
.
Toblamesmokingforthecancerisputtingthecartbefore
thehorse .
SirRonaldFisherwrote,"Thesupposedeffect,lung
cancer,isreallythe : .causeofthesmoking .Incipientcancer
oraprecancerous'conditionwithchronicinflammationis
afactorininducingthesmokingofcigarettes" .
Thecampaignerswouldhav eus'believ ethatsmoking
causesthedeathofjustaboutev erysecondsmoker .Butthe
R
.oyal'CollegeofP hysicians,themainsupporterofthescare,
admitsinitslatestreportthat"onlyaminorityofev enthe
heav iestsmokersdev eloplungcancer"andthat"manydo
sopartlybecauseofaninheritedabnormality'-' .Thereport
admitsthatlungcancerismorefrequentinfamiliesof
patientswiththedisease .It .alsosays,"Mostsmokerssuffer
noimpairmentofhealthorshorteningof : lifeasaresultof
smoking" .-In-; ` v iew-of= a1 lthisonemust,, : believ ethatthe
claimsofthecampaignersare .v astlyex aggex ated .
,we-mustrealisethat Iung .cancertslargely : adiseaseof
,_
oldage .Mostcasesare'c~ v er
; ,bo,nomatterhow~ longthey
smokedorhown3uch,orwhethertheysmokedatall .`
If'smoking,cs
.useslungcancerwhy-doonlyav erysmall
minorityof+ smokersgetit?Ifitwerethev irulent` agentitis .
madeout-tobe,-whydon't
.moresmokersget-it?'We ._ must .
.consider~ allthepeoplewhogetitand ; whohav e .x iev er
smoked : We,frequentlyhearo non-smokingrelativ es-and
friendswhogef"it
.'Why-aretheworld'~ : ; heav iestsmokers
2501 1 1 2703
thepeoplewholivelongest?InRussianGeorgiathepeople
areperhapstheheaviestsmokersintheworld,yettheyhave
therecordoflivingthelongest
. . Manyofthemlivetowell
overahundred . Onewomanwasfoundattheageof140to
havesmokedtwopacksofcigarettesadayallherlife . The
SemaipeopleofMalaysiasmokefromearlychildhood .
DrCalwellreportsintheBritishMedicalJournal(Febab
1977)thatinarecentx-raysurveyiZ,ooowereexamined
andnotoneshowed-lungcancer. TheEskimosarevery
heavysmokersandlungcancerisunknown .
ProfessorAviadoreportsthatwhiletheaveragetarand
nicotinecontentofFilipinocigarettesis200to500percent
higherthanU . S . cigarettes,theincidenceoflungcanceris
only6percentofthatintheU . S .
Dr0 . Parkashwrites(Respiration19?7)"Inspiteofthe
enormousincreaseintobaccoconsumptionduring_thepast
decadeandhalf,therehasnot'been',any . increase . inthe
frequencyoflungcancer. DrJ . R . _Belcner,LondonChest
Hospitalpointsout(BritishJournalofDiseasesoftheChest
Oct1977)thatthecancerrateisfalling
. Thiscannotbedue
topeoplequittingsmoking,hesays,sincethefallbeganas
farbackas ;r95o,beforethecampaignscaredpeopleinto
quitting.
Researchershavefailedto
. inducelaboratoryanimalsto
getauthenticlungcanceraftermanyyearsofforcingthem
tosmoke . Wemayaskwhy,whentherecognisedcarcino=
genicagents,many~ofwhicharein-rtheairwe`breathe,can
soreadilyproducecancerinanimais. ~',snaokingcannot .
Plutoniuminalmostinfinitesimal'amount6 . breathedinby,
beagledogs'causedcancerin'ioo-percentofcases . Professor
.
..
Passey,professorofexperimentalpathology,Universityof
Leeds,experimentedwithtatsforfive
. ~ears
. Onegroup
inhaledcigarettesmoke
. Another,thecontrolgroup did-not .
Notoneofthesmokingratsdevelopedcancer
;"butoneof
thenon-smokersdid
. Thiscouldbesigriificant . There-haver~
beenclaimsbytheanti-smokersthatlungcancers_havebeen-
produced. . The,se'clai
. msareeitherentirelydiscreditedby
scientists,orareatthevebesti_entirelydoubtful . One
i
.
.
_2501112704
TheInnocenceofTobacco85
researcherclaimedthathesucceededbutitwasfoundtobe
quitedifferentfromauthenticlungcancer,andthatfurther-
moreoneofthescientificrequirements,thatitcouldbe
transplanted,couldnotbemet .Reallyitwouldnotbe
surprising,consideringthecountlessanimalsthathavebeen
torturedinthiswayovermanymanyyears,ifanoccasional
lungcancerhadbeenproduced .Thereisnoscientificproof
ofany,somethingthatisreallyevidenceoftheharmlessness
oftobacco .
In1964theU.S .TobaccoResearchCouncilconducted
astudyof3 ,0 0 0 lungstak enatautopsyforatypicalmetaplasia
whichisaconditionoftenprecedinglungcancer .The
researchersfoundthattherewasnodifferencebetween
smok ersandnon-smok ers .InGermanyin1964astudywas
madeofa6,oooautopsyrecords
.Itwasfoundthat .therewas
nosignificantrelationshipbetweensmok i.ngandlungcancer .
Itreallyseemsthatitisdecided-byyourgeneswhenyou
arebornwhetheryouwillgetlungcancerandthatsmok ing
willnotmak eanydifference .
Theanti-smok ersspeak of"tar"incigarettes .P eoplewill
probablybe-surprisedtok nowafterallthetalk aboutit,
thatthereis-nosuchthing
.Whatthecall"tar"isacon-
veniencetermusedforsmoFe"conensatecoledby
la
tinnowarensmok ing .
meto s
~
Bypaintingthiscondensateininunenselstrongconcen-
trationsonesnsonucesQmve~ cz~ k ~ ts_inuceaform
o .1nis
mansmong10 0 0 0 'c~ t_arettesina
~
beproduce reaset .tcancercan
:
M
is
DG]
~ z~ `
ar~ o
many
stoman,or2nstanceeggyolk -and
Wek nowthatthefingersof~
.heavysrriok e~ s`areoften
stainedfromthe ."tar"
.O nernightthink that~ ifnitv~ 'eree
carcinogenic,,therewoulddbecasesafcancerofthefingers
.'
cessful .
. : ~
.y._
soutionsoftea.Itisaso.importanttonotethatthetype.of
cancerproducedinmiceinthiswayisnotthetypefound
inthe~ lung .Attemptstoproducecancer_inanimals .by
pt~ ~ ttiri~ : `the~ concenateintp"the~ h
: rigs"# ~ vere"qu~ f~ e'unsuc-
250 111270 5
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~

~
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~

~

~~~
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THECASEAGAINST
RADIOACTIVITY
Thecaseagainstradioactivityissostrongthatitmustbe
regardedasthenumberonesuspect .
TheBritishMedicalResearchCouncilin1957reported
'thatthedeathratefromlungcancerin1955hadmorethan
doubledsince1945 . Diditescapethemthat1945wasthe
yearoftheatombomb?Thatradioactivitycausescanceris
wellestablished . Itisveryeasytoinducecancerinanimals
andmanbyexposure,toit
. Experimentsshowthatvirtually
alltypesofcancerareinduciblebyit . Testsondogsinhaling
almost'infinitesimalamountsofplutonium,oneofthe
uranium
. group,resultedinroopercentcancers,butnone
inthecontrols . Radioactivityissodangerousthatstrictrules
havebeenlaiddownforworkersintheindustry,buteven
sothereareagreatnumberofcasescausedbyitamong
workers . AsIhavesaidbefore,priortotheadventofthe
atomicbomblungcancerwasrelativelyrare . Sincethebomb
andtestsandatomicpowerplants,withanincreasein
uraniummining ;therehasbeenasteeprise . In1945the
deathrateforlungcancerinEnglandformenwas-about
50opermillion . In196 5it-wasi176 .
Somepeoplewilldisputethatthelungcancerratein-
creasedsosuddenlyafter1945andwillclaimthatit,was
rising . beforethis .
. Howeversomescientistsholdthatprior
ta
. 1945,when,pathologistsbecame,alertedtothe-increasing
incidence,thefigures,areveryunreliable,sothatno_one
really . knows . Wedo'knowthatitisonlysinceabout1945
thatwecanputmorerelianceinthefigures . Andtherehas
certainlybeenaverysteeprise .
= P rofessorSterra . glassoftheU niversityofP ittsburghcited
evidenceshowing
. thatthelungdiseasedeathrateincreased
one
:hundredtimesinthestatesofNewYorkandNew
Mexico . Hesaidin075," Wearenowgettingtheeffectsof
" F ol l ow ingnuc l e a rb l a st st h e re isa gre a t inc re a se ina l l
formsofc a nc e r,b ut w e know ,fromre ve l a t iononh igh ,
t h a t l ungc a nc e risc a use db y smoking . "
P
e a rl ie ruse inNe va da a ndt h e P a c ific ofnuc l e a r-a c t ivit y "
.
U. S
. gove rnme nt re port ssh ow e dfigure sl e a dingt ot h e
a ssumpt iont h a t ra dioa c t ivit y ma y c a use upt o5o,ooode a t h s
e a c h y e a rint h e Unit e dSt a t e s
. Th e se re port ssh ow t h a t t h e
numb e rofl ungc a nc e rsinura niummine rsw a sinproport ion
t o . t h e a mount ofra dia t ion
. Th e se a re gove rnme nt figure s
(Oc c upa t iona l DivisionofP ub l ic He a l t h Se rvic e sU
. S . ,
quot e db y Joh nGofma na ndArt h urTa mpl in1970)
.
. F ol l ow ingnuc l e a rb l a st st h e re isa ninc re a se ina l most a l l
kindsofc a nc e r
. P ra c t ic a l l y e ve ry one a gre e sw it h t h is
. But
t h e inc re a se inl ungc a nc e ra c c ordingt ot h e ze a l ot sisdue t o
smoking.
2501112710
TheCaseagainstRadioactivity91
Whenuraniumminersbegantogetlungcancersome
know-italldoctorssaid,"Ah,yes .Duetosmoking" .But
sooneventheyhadtoadmitthattheexcessiveamountof
casesborenorelationshiptothesmokinghabitsofthe
miners .Manycaseswerenon-smokers .Itseemsthatthe
forcesofdarknessaredoingtheirbesttohushthisup .Due
tothiscriminalattitudehowmanypeoplehavebeenallowed
togetlungcancer'inthiswaywhenadequateprecautions
mighthavebeentakentopreventit?Wenowhearthatthe
campaignersaremakingoutthattherealcauseofthese
miners'lungcancerswassmoking
.Don'ttheyevergiveup?
DrR
.Mole,oftheBritishMedicalResearchCouncil,
wroteintheBritishMedicalJournalofSeptemberz7th
1977,"Thereisnowevidenceinlungcancerinuranium
minerswhichpermitstheexclusionofsmokingasamajor
causalagent" .Comingfromsuchahighauthoritythiscould
hardlyhavedealtaworseblowtotheanti-smokers .No
wondertheydenyitwithsobarefacedlies .
AstartlingreportbyWagoneretal(Proceedingsofthe
ztthInternationalCancerConference)showsthatinIndian
uraniumminerstherehasbeenanincreaseof300percent
inlungcancer,andtheseminersrarelysmoke .Dowereally
needmoreevidence?
BritishscientistsManusco,StewartandKnealerecently
reported"anunusuallyhighincidenceofcanceramong
Americanworkersexposedtosupposedlysafelevelsof
radiation" :Theyfoundcancerofthelungandotherorgans .
O neoftheresearcherssaidthatofficialsweretryingtocover
upt1eirfindings ."Noonewantstohearourfindingsand
tlieyaretryingtoshutitupbymakingitappearfalse" .
itwasdiscoveredthatBritishmigrantsgoing,totheU .S .,
Canada ;-Australiaandothercountriesgotlungcancermuch
more'thanthelocalpeople .Theyhaveamuchhigherdeath
ratefrom.itthanmigrantsfromothercountries .InSouth
AfricaforinstancetherateforBritishmigrantswasnearly
doublethatformigrantsfromothercountries
.Whydon't
diese'~geti~?-TheRoyalCollegeofPhysicianswaspuzzled
,~iyt~ .isandspeculatedthattheremustbe-a"BritishBactor"
2501112711
involved .Whatisthis"BritishFactor"?
WemustrememberthatBritainis,orwas,thesmokiest
countryintheworld .Forcenturiescoalsmokecoveredthe
country .Andforcenturiesthissmokehasbeendoingits
deadlyworkonthepeople .
Asurprisingandverysignificantfindingwasmadeby
scientistsEisenbudandPetrow(Science144(1964)288)
thatordinarycoalburntinpowerplantsgaveoffradio-
activityfromtheimpuritiesinthecoal, .Alsothatitwasmuch
moretoxicthanthatfromatomicpowerplants .I sthisthe
"BritishFactor"?Onemustthinkso .Forcenturiesthe
Britishpeoplehavebeenexposedtothisradioactivityfrom
thousandsofcoalfired'plants .I tseemsreasonabletobelieve
thattheyhavebeenaffectedtosomedegreenotonlyby
lungcancerbutmoreimportantlybygeneticmutations,
withthesemutationspassedonthroughgenerations,sothat
thedescendantswouldbemoreproneto-lungdiseases
includinglungcancer .
Soitisnotsurprisingthatthemigrantsgotmorelung
cancer .Theymayhavebeenaffectedtosomeextentdirectly
bythisformofradioactivityuptothetimetheyleftEngland
.
I nadditiontheyprobablyhadcancersusceptiblegenesfrom
theirancestors .Peoplehaveoftenaskedwhyitisthatonlya
minorityofpeopleget :lungcancerandthemajoritydonot .
Theanswertothisseemstobethatthosewhogetithave
ageneticsusceptibility .
ThehighincidenceoflungdiseasesinEnglandhadbeen
blamedon"smoke"longbeforeitwasdiscoveredthatthis
smokewas-radioactive .Thedeathratefrombronchitisin
Englandin1957was87perzoo,ooomencomparedwith
only2 .8perroo,ooointheUnitedStates .Thisdiscrepancy
isremarkable .The"BritishFactor"wasbusilyatwork .
Englandhasthehigl,iestlungcancerdeathrateintheworld,
6oto70perroo,oooasagainstU .S .3 0 .to40 .
TheRoyalCollegeofPhysiciansratherfeebly .explained
themuchlowerlungcancerdeathrateinthe-TJ .S .asdueto
the,tendencyofAmericanstosmokelessofeachhcigarette
.
Tt,maybearguedthatthe .
.amountofradioactivi,tyfrom
2501112712
f
TheCaseagainstRadioactivity93
coalsmokef oundbyEisenbudandPetrowwasinsmall
amountsandthatitwaswithinthelimitsof saf etylaid
downbythe"experts" . B utthetestsmadebythesescientists
wasona"clean"powerplantwithspecialf lyashcontrol
apparatusf orcuttingdownpollution
. justimaginethe
enormousamountsreleasedovertheyearsf romthemulti-
tudeof powerplantsinEnglandbef oreattemptsweremade
to*makethem"clean" . Alsoitisimportanttoconsider
whethertheamountof radioactivityemittedinthisway,
althoughclaimedtobesmall,isreallysaf e . Wehavealready
discussedtheclashof viewsof the"experts"onsaf ety .
DrK. Okamoto,aphysicistinSydney,wroterecently
("Australian"Oct121977),"Inthelongtermthecoalf ired
powerplantspollutetheair. radioactivelymuchmorethan
nuclearpowerplants"
. Sothemottoof theanti-smokers
shouldbe,"Don'tsmokeanddon'tbreatheeither" .
Anexampleof howexpertsareinthedarkisthelatest
evacuationof theislandof B ikini . Af terthetesttherethe
peoplewerenotallowedtoreturnf ormanyyears,whenthe
expertspronounceditsaf e . Now,af teronlyashortperiod
theyaref oundtobesuf f eringf romtheef f ectsof radio-
activityandhavebeen . againevacuated .
Theexpertslaiddowncertainf iguresasa"saf elevel"
f orpeopleintheU . S . Thensuddenly-in1977theU
. S
.
government'sEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyreducedthe
saf emaximumwholebodydosagef rom5oomilliremsto
25milliremsf orannualexposureof thepubliclivingnear
nuclearpowerstations-thatis,20timeslower,andto
5milliremsf ortherestof thepublic . Sowhatwasheldto
besaf ein1976washeldto_be20timestoodangerousin
1977
. Whoknows,theymayreduceit,byaotimesagainnext
year. Somescientistsarecallingf orareductionbyaf actor
of zooorather-thanamere20 . Itjustshowsthatthescientists
themselvesareip,thedark . Sowhocansaythattheamount
of radioactivitythattheB ritishpeoplehavebeensubjected
toallthistimewasnotsuf f icienttocausegraveharm
. We
haveseenthatbronchitiswas,much . moreprevalentin
Englandthaninothercountries . Of thethousandsdoomed
2501112713
tolungcanceralargenumbersmokedtogetrelieffrom
theircoughs,andthe"wisemen"saythisisthecauseofthe
cancers .
I'llprobably. bebrandedan"anti-uranium"lobbyistfor
sayingnastythingsabouturanium
. Iamreallyforuranium
andamonrecordtothiseffect . B utImaintainthatitshould
beproducedonlyifitcanbemadesafetohandleanduse
.
Somepeople-maysaythatisaprettybig"if" .
Tosumup,foragespeoplehavesmokedwithoutany
knownilleffects
. Withtheadventoftheatomicbomb,lung
cancerbecameprevalent . Atthesametimesmog,withits
radio-activityfromcoalsmoke,becamemoreoverwhelming
andthelungcancerratecontinuedtorise
. Therewasnot
onlyadirecteffect,butalso,theeffectofradiationfor
centurieshadmadecertainindividualsmoresusceptible .
Herewehaven't,justsomevague . agentliketheso-called
"tar"in
. cigarettes
. Wehaveawellestablishedkillerofgreat
potency
. Whyshouldpeopleignoretheobvious?
Afinalthought . Canwebelieveincoincidences?The
coincidencethattheatomicbombwasfollowedbyahigh
riseinlungcancer. Thecoincidencethatwhenitbecame
knownthaturaniumwascausinglungcaricer,thesmoking-
lungcancertheorywassuddenlypromotedintosucha
giganticcampaign.
2501112714
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Whatsmokersshoulddo97
Hopefullytheywouldthenchangetheirattitudeandadvise
theirpatientstosmokefortheirhealth'ssake.
Itissaidthateveryevilhassomegood . Onegoodthing
theanti-smokingcampaignhasdoneistofinallyshow
tobacco'scomplete-harmlessnesstohealth . Forthe-past
twentyyearsormorefranticeffortshave-beenmadeto
proveitharmful,and,asthesehavecompletelyfailed,its
harmlessnessmustnowbeaccepted
.
Ifsmokerswouldonlystirthemselvestheycouldhave
thisridiculoustheorylaughedtooblivion .
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too
.SmokingisGoodforYou
andremarkablelongevityincommunitiesthatareheavy
smokers .Ifthistheoryiscorrectonewouldbejustifiedin
chargingtheanti-smokerswithkillingthousandsofpeople
byscaringthemintoquittingsmoking .
Iconfidentlypredictthattherewillsoonbeavolte
facebythemedicalprofessionandtheywillonceagain
advisetheirpatientstosmokeasapreventivemeasure .
Ihavenodoubtatallthatifmorepeoplesmokedthere
wouldbeahealthier,happieraridmorelonglivedpopulation .
Finally
.IwanttostressthatIamnoturginganyone~to
smoke.Sincethisbookis .devotedtothevirtuesandharm-
Iessnessofsmoking,youshouldreadtheanti-smokingcase,
eventhoughIthinkitisfalse,andweightheprosandcons
beforemakingyourdecision .Therearethreepossibilities .
Firstly,thatsmokingisasdeadlyasthecampaignersclaim .
Thisistoopreposteroustodiscuss
.Secondly,thatthere
couldbesomedegreeofrisk,eventhoughIdon'tbelieve
it :Thishastobeoutweiglitedbytheknownbenefitsof
tobacco .Thirdly,thatitisabsolutelysafe,whichIfeelis
thetrueposition .
Iwishyouhappysmoking .
2501112720
ALEGALLYQUALIFIEDPHYSICIAN
ANDSURGEONOFOVER3oYEARS
EXPERIENCETELLSHOWSMOKING
KEEPSPEOPLEHEALTHYAND
EXPOSESTHEANTI-SMOKINGTHEORY
ASYETANOTHEROFTHEMANY
FAUXPASOFMEDICINE
2501112721

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