Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005.

1
EXERCISE # 1
1.2 Let tension in string be T, then work done by tension T = Td
Applying newtons second law on the bucket
-ii -i - ni( T r , ni ni( T ,ii li ^i i = Td
i--i - i l,ni l- ^i ,
Mg T = M |
.
|

\
|
a
g
or T =
4
3
Mg
required work done =
4
3
Mg d
li ^i i( i =
4
3
Mg d
1.4 Change in velocity =
mass
graph T F under area
=
5
) 10 ( 40 +
= 6 m/s
W
F
= AK.E. =
2
1
(5) 6
2
= 90 J
1.5 B
A
F
/////////////////////
Consider the blocks shown in the figure to be moving together due to friction between them.
The free body diagrams of both the blocks is shown below.
lii i -ii i i ii i ii iiii ^ln r r |
i i i FBD li - ii ^ r |
Work done by static friction on A is positive and on B is negative.
A -i ln ii i ,ii li ^i i ii-- nii B ~ii-- r |
2.3 (D)W = } F.ds=
ds
s
k
s
s
1
}
= kln (s/s
1
)
3.3 (C)mg
|
.
|

\
|

2
1
1
=
2
1
mv
2

2
g
=
2
v
2
v = g
4.2 P =
dt
d
(mgh)
P
act
=
5 . 0
100 10 1000
P
act
= 2000 kW P
consumption
=
25 . 0
2000
kW = 8000 kW.
4.3 At any time li -ii
v

= [(u cosu ) i

+ (u sinu gt)
j

]
P = | | j

) gt sin u ( i

cos u ). j

mg ( v . F u + u =

= mg
2
t mgu sinu
Hence, power varies linearly with time.
n iln - ii ii l(ln n ri ^i|
WORK POWER ENERGY
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 2
4.7 (D)Instantaneous power delivered = P =
v . F

= Fv
where, F f = ma
F = f + ma
P = (f + ma) v
Put f = mg
P = (mg + ma)v = m(a + g).at
F
f
a
m
v
4.8 The work done by force from time t = 0 to t = t sec. is given by shaded area in graph below.
Hence as t increases, this area increases.
Work done by force keeps on increasing.
5.1* Since ;W =
}
dr . F

Clearly for forces (A) and (B) the integration do not require any information of the path taken.
For (C) : W
c
=
}
+
+
+
) j

dy i

dx ( .
) y x (
) j

y i

x ( 3
2 / 3 2 2
=
}
+
+
2 / 3 2 2
) y x (
dy y dx x
3
Taking : x
2
+ y
2
= t
2xdx + 2y dy = dt
xdx + ydy =
2
dt
W
c
=
} }
=
2 / 3 2 / 3
t
dt
2
3
t
2 / dt
3
which is solvable.
Hence (A), (B) and (C) are conservative forces.
But (D) requires some more information on path. Hence non-conservative.
l ; W =
}
dr . F

(A) nii (B) ii -i l i i iii ri i i( ri r |

(C) l : W
c
=
}
+
+
+
) j

dy i

dx ( .
) y x (
) j

y i

x ( 3
2 / 3 2 2
=
}
+
+
2 / 3 2 2
) y x (
dy y dx x
3
x
2
+ y
2
= t
2xdx + 2y dy = dt
xdx + ydy =
2
dt
W
c
=
} }
=
2 / 3 2 / 3
t
dt
2
3
t
2 / dt
3
;i r n r |
n (A), (B) nii (C) -ii r
n (D) l i i iii ri i i( r | n r -ii r |
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 3
5.2* Only the following statements are true from definition of a conservative force.
"Its work is zero when the particle moves exactly once around any closed path".
"Its work depends on the end points of the motion, not on the path between".
l i -ii i liiii - r | r r |
" i li i li -i i ni r ni -ii ,ii li ^i i i ri ni r | "
" ; l li ^i i ^ln ln- l i li ni r i ri | "
5.3 The force is constant and hence conservative
ln r nii ;l -ii (conservative) r ,
W
1
= W
2
6.2 x = x
1
and x = x
3
are not equilibrium positions because
dx
du
= 0 at these points.
x = x
2
is unstable, as U is maximum at this point.
x = x
1
nii x = x
3
ii(-ii - ri r i l ; l i
dx
du
= 0
x = x
2
-ii; ii(-ii r i l ; l U lin- r |
6.3 The work done by man is negative of magnitude of decrease in potential energy of chain
; l>i - ln ,ii li ^i i ^ -( ,ii l ^ i ~ii-- i ri ni r |
L/4
L/2
AU = mg
2
L

2
m
g
4
L
= 3 mg
8
L
W =
8
mg 3
6.5 The two springs have different spring constants. Also energy remains conserved during the motion as no
friction is prestent.
6.8 (B)Apply COE; mgx=
2
1
kx
2
x = 2mg/k
6.9* U = 3x + 4y
a
y
=
m
F
y
=
( )
m
x / U c c
= 3
a
x
=
m
F
y
=
( )
m
y / U c c
= 4 a

= 5 m/s
2
Let at time 't' particle crosses y-axis
then 6 =
2
1
( 3) t
2
t = 2 sec.
Along y-direction :
Ay =
2
1
( 4) (2)
2
= 8
particle crosses y-axis at y = 4
At (6, 4) : U = 34 & KE = 0
At (0, 4) : U = 16 KE = 50
or,
2
1
mv
2
= 50 v = 10 m/s while crossing y-axis
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 4
6.10 From conservation of energy +i -ii
K.E. + P.E. = E or i K.E. = E
2
1
kx
2
K.E. at x =
k
E 2
is
E
2
1
k
|
.
|

\
|
k
E 2
= 0
The speed of particle at x =
k
E 2
is zero.
x =
k
E 2
i i i i r |
EXERCISE # 2
PART - I
7. When the cart maximally compresses the spring net force on cart is up the incline and its speed is zero.
^i i, l- ^ i lin- il n ^ n ^i i lii-i n li + i n ri^i nii i i ri ^i|
8. Case-I :Ground is smooth :
force on each block is same Kx
0
in the same direction, hence friction between them is zero. Hence,
work done by friction on block A, B or system is zero.
Case-II : Ground is rough :
f
1
kx
0
A
f
1
kx
0
B
f
2
Obviously, workdone by friction on block A is negative. Since values of f
1
and f
2
are unknown, hence workdone by
frictino on block B can't be determined.
9. Because the acceleration of wedge is zero, the normal reaction exerted by wedge on block is
N = mg cos37 .
The acceleration of the block is g sin 37 along the incline and initial velocity of the block is v = 10 m/s
horizontally towards right as shown in figure.
10. Minimum work done to accelerate the truck from speed 0 to v and from v to 2v are
- i i 0 v n nii v 2v n -(ln l n- l ^ i r
AW
1
=
2
1
mv
2

2
1
m(0)
2
=
2
1
mv
2
and (nii) AW
2
=
2
1
m(2v)
2

2
1
m(v)
2
=
2
3
mv
2
AW
1
< AW
2
The component of velocity of the block normal to the incline is v sin 37. Hence the displacement of the block
normal to the incline in t = 2 second is
S = v sin 37 2 = 10
5
3
2 = 12 m.
The work done by normal reaction
W = mg cos 37 S = 100
5
4
12 = 960 J
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 5
11. Acceleration as shown in the graph can be converted into force by multiplying with m = 3 kg. Therefore
area under the curve (F x curve) is
li n ^ i -(i i m = 3 kg ^ ii - l(ln n n r | n ( > (F x ( >) l, -i i
[
2
1
2 12] + [4 12] = 60 J.
15. Let F the force with which man pulls the block.
Fv = 500 F = 50 N
(F - mg) v = 100
solving m = 4 kg
16. As long as the block of mass m remains stationary, the block of mass M released from rest comes down by
K
Mg 2
(before coming it rest momentanly again).
Thus the maximum extension in spring is
x =
K
Mg 2
................. (1)
for block of mass m to just move up the incline
kx = mg sin u + mg cos u ................. (2)
2Mg = mg
5
3
+
4
3
mg
5
4
or M =
5
3
m Ans.
18. System is block & string. Applying work energy theorem on system
i nii -i li r , li i +i - ,ii
(200)10 10g(R R cos60) =
2
1
(10)v
2
2(200 10 5) = v
2
v =
300
=
3 10
.
20.
The above graphs show v t graph from a t graph & Then v
2
t graph, which are self explanatory.
21. As ; W
ext
= A(ME) ; ME = Mechanical energy.
Mechanical energy will keep on increasing upto the instant the W
ext
is positive, which will happen till there
is no compression in the spring. First the spring gets extended to a maximum and after which the exten-
sion decreases upto the natural length. After that there is a compression in the spring, results in a ve
external work (so as to move the end of spring at constant speed u).
Hence maximum energy stored is at the natural length.
& ME
max
=
2
1
mv
2
At the natural length v = 2u, since the block is moving at this instant at a speed u with respect to the other
end of the spring.
Hence ME
max
=
2
1
m(2u)
2
= 2mu
2
.
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 6
l W
ext
= A(ME) ; ME = il i +i
ili +i , W
ext
ii-- ri n ni r | i l (ri il-n rini r ri l- ^ - i; ii i ri r | r l- ^
lin- iln ri ni r | nii i - l(-ni i-i i; n - ri ni r | ; in l- ^ - i ; ii i ri
r | lii--( ir i ~ii-- r | (;l l- ^ l n ^ln i u ln r |).
n i-i i; - l- ^ - ^ lrn +i lin- r |
n ME
max
=
2
1
mv
2
i-i i; v = 2u , l i ; -ii l- ^ l i -i u i ^lnii r |
n ME
max
=
2
1
m(2u)
2
= 2mu
2
.
22.
2
1
k
2
0
x +Mgh =
2
1
k(x
0
+h)
2
+ 0
h =
k
Mg 2
2x
0
Maximum downward displacement = [
k
Mg 2
2x
0
]
25. Free body diagram of block is as shown in figure.
From work-energy theorem
i i FBD li - liii ^i r i +i -
W
net
= AKE
or (40 20)s = 40
s = 2m
Work done by gravity is
^ -( ,ii li i
20 2 = 40 J
and work done by tension is
ni( ,ii li i
40 2 = 80 J
28. Maximum extension will be at the moment when both masses stop momentarily after going down. Applying
W-E theorem from starting to that instant.
lin- i n ri ^i i i i i in - -ili n r | ii ; l-iln n i i -
k
f
k
i
= W
gr.
+ W
sp
+ W
ten
.
0 0 = 2 M.g.x +
|
.
|

\
|

2
Kx
2
1
+ 0
x =
K
Mg 4
System will have maximum KE when net force on the system becomes zero. Therefore
li i ri ni li i ^ln i lin- ri ^i| n
2 Mg = T and nii T = kx
x =
K
Mg 2
Hence KE will be maximum when 2M mass has gone down by
K
Mg 2
.
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 7
n ^ln i lin- ri ^i 2M -i
K
Mg 2
l(-iiln ri ni r |
Applying W/E theorem (i +i - )
k
f
0 = 2Mg.
K
Mg 2

2
2 2
K
g M 4
. K
2
1
k
f
=
2
2 2
K
g M 2
Maximum energy of spring =
2
K
Mg 4
. K
2
1
|
.
|

\
|
=
K
g M 8
2 2
l- ^ i lin- +i =
2
K
Mg 4
. K
2
1
|
.
|

\
|
=
K
g M 8
2 2
Therefore Maximum spring energy = 4 maximum K.E.
n l- ^ i lin- +i = 4 lin- ^ln +i
When K.E. is maximum x =
K
Mg 2
.
^ln +i lin- r x =
K
Mg 2
.
Spring energy (l- ^ +i ) =
2
2 2
K
g M 4
. K .
2
1
=
2
2 2
K
g M 2
i.e. (D) is wrong.
ii n (D) ^n r |
PART - II
1.
2
1
mv
2
=
2
1
kx
2
2
1
m
m
k

2
3
2
|
.
|

\
|
=
2
1
kx
2
x =
3
2
=
u cos

cos u =
5
3
u = 53
2. Applying work-energy theorem between A and B.
A nii B - i i -
3m
3
m
37
2
1
mV
B
2

2
1
mV
A
2
= W
gravity
+ W
friction
2
1
mV
B
2

2
1
mV
A
2
= W
^-(
+ W
iii

2
1
mV
B
2

2
1
m (136) = mg(3 + 3 sin 37) mg cos 37 x 3

2
V
2
B

2
136
= 48 12 V
B
= 4 m/s
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 8
3. Area under Px graph =
}
dx p
=
dx v
dt
dv
m
}
|
.
|

\
|
=
}
v
1
2
dV mv
=
v
1
3
3
mv
(
(

=
3 7
10

(v
3
1)
from graph ; area =
2
1
(2 + 4) 10 = 30
Px ^ i i i -i i =
}
dx p
=
}
dt
dv
mv
dx =
}
v
1
2
dV mv
=
v
1
3
3
mv
(
(

=
3 7
10

(v
3
1)
^ i ; -i i =
2
1
(2 + 4) 10 = 30

3 7
10

(v
3
1) = 30
v = 4 m/s
ALITER : oS dfYid
from graph ^ i
P = 0.2 x + 2
or i mv
dx
dv
v = 0.2 x + 2
or i mv
2
dv = (0.2 x + 2) dx
Now integrate both sides, i i n -i
}
v
1
2
dv mv =
}
+
10
1
dx ) 2 x 2 . 0 (
v = 4 m/s.
4. As string does no work on the ball, energy conservation can be applied.
l -i ^ i ; ii i ri ni r n i -ii i^ n r |
2
1
mV
2
= mg (L L cos

u)
V = ) cos 1 ( L g 2 u
on putting values V = 10 m/s
-i i V = 10 m/s
6. From work energy theorem i i + i i ^ln l i +i - ^i
for upward motion
2
1
m (16)
2
= mgh + W (work by air resistance)
for downward motion i i i ^ln l
2
1
m (8)
2
= mgh W
2
1
[(16)
2
+ (8)
2
] = 2 gh or h = 8 m
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 9
EXERCISE # 3
1.1 The displacement of A shall be less than displacement L of block B.
Hence work done by friction on block A is positive and its magnitude is less than mgL.
And the work done by friction on block B is negative and its magnitude is equal to mgL.
Therefore workdone by friction on block A plus on block B is negative its magnitude is less than mgL.
Work done by F is positive. Since F> 2mg, magnitude of work done by F shall be more than 2mgL.
A i l(-ii i B l(-ii L - ri^i| i A ii i ,ii li ^i i ii-- r i ;i l-ii mgL
- r| i B ii i ,ii li ^i i ~ii-- r i ;i l-ii mgL i r | ;l i A i
B ii i ,ii li ^i i ~ii-- r | ;i l-ii mgL - r |
F ,ii li i ii-- r | l F > 2mg , F ,ii li ^i i i l-ii 2mgL li ri ^i
EXERCISE # 4
PART - I
1. Power iln P = F

. V

= FV
F = V |
.
|

\
|
dt
dm
= V
)
`

dt
volume ( d

)
`

dt
( d n i
= density i-(
= V
)
`

dt
volume ( d

)
`

dt
) ( d n i
= V (AV)
= AV
2
Power iln P = AV
3
or P o V
3
Alternate Solution oS dfYid gy
Power output is proportional to number of molecular striking the blades per unit time [which depends on
the velocity V of wind] and also proportional to energy to striking molecules or proportional to square of
velocity V
2
Therefore, power output P V
3
l^ n iln i - - -i (i i i i i -i ini ri ni r [i (i ( ^ V li
r ] nii -i (i i i i +i ii -i ini ri ni r i ( ^ (^ -i ini ri ni r , n l^ n iln
P V
3
2. F =
dx
dU
dU = F . dx or i U(x) =
}
+
x
0
3
dx ) ax kx (
U(x) =
2
kx
2

4
ax
4
U(x) = 0 and i x = 0 and i x =
a
k 2
U(x) = negative for ~ii-- x >
a
k 2
From the given function we can see that
F = 0 at x = 0 i.e. slope of U-x graph is zero at x = 0. Therefore, the most appropriate option is (D).
l ^ ^ i r- i n r l x = 0 F = 0 r ii n U-x ^ i i (ini x = 0 i r | n (i li n
l(- (D) r |
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 10
3. Let x be the maximum extension of the spring. From conservation of mechanical energy :
decrease in gravitational potential energy = increase in elastic potential energy
-ii x l- ^ - lin- li i( r | i li +i -ii :
^ -(i l-iln +i - -i = -i-i l-iln +i - (l,
Mgx =
2
1
kx
2
or i x =
k
Mg 2
4. From F =
dx
dU

} } }
= =
x
0
x
0
) x ( U
0
dx ) kx ( Fdx dU
U(x) =
2
kx
2

as U(0) = 0
Therefore, the correct option is (A). n (A) ri l(- r |
5. In horizontal plane Kinetic Energy of the block is completely converted into heat due to Friction but in the case
of inclined plane some part of this Kinetic Energy is also convert into gravitational Potential Energy. So decrease
in the mechanical energy in second situation is smaller than that in the first situation. So statement-1 is correct.
Cofficient of Friction does not depends on normal reaction, In II case normal reaction changes with inclination
but not cofficient of friction so this statement is wrong.
Sol. -i ln n - ^ - i ^ln +i i i ii i ii - -i - ini r , n n ^ln +i i
ii^ ^ -(i l-iln i - ii l(lnn ri ini r | n i li +i - -i l,ni l-iln - , i- l-iln - r | n
i -1 - r
ii i ^ ii li lnl>i li ri ni r | l,ni l-iln - li lnl>i n n ii ini
r , n ii i ^ ii ri ni r , n i - r |
6.
As springs and supports (m
1
and m
2
) are having negligible mass. Whenever springs pull the massless
supports, springs will be in natural length. At maximum compression, velocity of B will be zero.
l l- ^ ( rii (m
1
( m
2
) ^ -i r | ii ii l- ^ r ii ni r ni iln i; - ri ^i,
lin- i B i ( ^ i ri ^i
And by energy conservation. i +i -ii
2
1
(4K) y
2
=
2
1
Kx
2
2
1
x
y
= Ans. (C)
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 11
7. T =
g
m m
m m 2
2 1
2 1
+
=
36 . 0 72 . 0
36 . 0 72 . 0 2
+

10
T = 4.8 N
a =
g
m m
m m
2 1
2 1
+

=
3
g
s =
2
at
2
1
=
2
1

|
.
|

\
|
3
g
(1)
2
=
6
10
Work done by T = (T) (S)
T ,ii li ^i i = (T) (S)
= (4.8)
6
10
= 8 J Ans.
8.
}
A = p Fdt

2
1
4 3
2
1
1.5 2 = p
f
0 p
f
= 6 1.5 =
2
9
K.E. =
m 2
p
2
=
2 2 4
81

;K.E. = 5.06 J Ans.
9. By WET
0
1
2
mv
2
=
1
2

kx
2
mgx
1
2
0.18 v
2
=
1
2
2 (0.06)
2
+ 0.1 0.18 10 0.06
v = 0.4
N = 4
PART - II
1. Let initial velocity is u and retardation is a (-ii ili ( ^ u nii - a r )
So, (n)
4
u
2
= u
2
2a (0.03) ...(i)
0 =
4
u
2
2a S ..(ii)
here S is required distance (ri S i( i r )
from equation (i) & (ii) -ii (i) ( (ii)
S = 0.01 m = 1 cm
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 12
2. W
C
= AU
= (U
final
U
initial
)
=
|
.
|

\
|

2 2
5 k
2
1
15 k
2
1
]
W
C
= 8 Joule
3. K = 5 10
3
N/m
x = 5 cm
W
1
=
2
1
k
2
1
x =
2
1
5 10
3
(5 10
2
)
2
= 6.25 J
W
2
=
2
1
k(x
1

+ x
2
)
2
=
2
1
5 10
3
(5 + 10
2
+ 5 10
2
)
2
= 25J
Net work done (lii-i i) = W
2
W
1
= 25 6.25 = 18.75 J
= 18.75 N-m
4. v
2
= u
2
+ 2ax
v
2
= 2ax a =
x 2
v
2
= m.
x 2
v
2
.v =
x 2
m
3
v
v
3
x (P = constant) (ln)
v x
1/3
dt
dx
x
1/3
} }

dt dx x
3 / 1
2
3
x
2/3
t
x

t
3/2
5. Mass per unit length ln ;i; i; i -i
=
L
M
=
2
4
= 2 kg/m
The mass of 0.6 m of chain 0.6 m i -i
= 0.6 2 = 1.2 kg
The centre of mass of hanging part - r ii^ i -i
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 13
=
2
0 6 . 0 +
= 0.3 m
Hence, work done in pulling the chain on the table n - i ii - li ^i i
W = mgh
= 1.2 10 0.3
= 1.2 10 0.3
= 3. 6 J
6. Work done is displacing the particle i i l(-iiln - li ^i i
W =
F

=
r

= (5
i
+ 3 j

+ 2
k
). (2
i
j

)
= 5 2 + 3 (1) + 2 0
= 10 3
= 7 J
7. Let the constant acceleration of body of mass m is a. -ii m -i i (-n i ln -(i a r
From equation of motion (^ln -ii )
v
1
= 0 + at
1
a =
1
1
t
v
t
At an instant t, the velocity v of the body li -ii t i i ( ^ v
v = 0 + at
v =
1
1
t
v
t
Therefore, instantaneous power
n ni--ili iln
P = Fv
= mav [F = ma]
= m
|
|
.
|

\
|
1
1
t
v

|
|
.
|

\
|
t .
t
v
1
1
[from equations (i) and (ii)] [-ii (i) ( (ii) ]
=
2
1
2
1
t
t mv
8. F = ma =
T
mu
|
.
|

\
| u
=
T
0
a
Instantaneous power (ni--ili iln) = Fu
= mau
=
T
mu
. at =
T
mu
.
T
u
. t
=
2
2
T
mu
.t
Rise Academy, 607/608-A, Talwandi , Kota (Raj.) -324005. 14
9. Maximum height attained by the particle
i ,ii in lin- +i ;
m
4
5
10 2
5
g 2
u
H
2 2
=

= =
W
g
= -MgH = -0.1 10 (5/4) = -1.25 J
10. Velocity of ball just after throwing
-i in ^ i ( ^
v = gh 2 =
2 10 2
=
40
m/s
Let a be the acceleration of ball during throwing, then
-ii a i i ^ i -(i r , ni
v
2
= u
2
+ 2as = 0
2
+ 2as a =
s 2
v
2
=
2 . 0 2
40

= 100 m/s
2
F - mg = ma F = m(g + a) = 0.2(10 + 100) = 22 N
(2) is correct
11. k mv
2
1
2
=
4
K
mv
2
1
4
1
4
v
m
2
1
) 60 cos v ( m
2
1
2
2
2
= |
.
|

\
|

|
|
.
|

\
|
=
12. Assuming mass of athlete is between 40 kg to 100 kg
ii( i -i 40 kg 100 kg - -in r
here we will consider mass of athlete m = 50 kg
ri r- ii( i -i m = 50 kg -i r
V = S/t =
10
100
= 10 m/sec
So, (n) K = 1/2 mv
2
1/2 (50 10
2
) = 2500 J
So Answer is (C)
n -i (C) r